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Small Engine Emissions Testing Laboratory Development And Emissions Sampling System Verification, Balaji B. Seward
Small Engine Emissions Testing Laboratory Development And Emissions Sampling System Verification, Balaji B. Seward
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
With the recent scrutiny of engine emissions and a focus towards higher fuel efficiencies, there has been an increase in demand for small, efficient engines and small engine emissions testing. Small engines have proven to provide high efficiency performance for systems including refrigeration units, generators, compressors and numerous other off-road applications. In the past, the existing emissions testing facilities at West Virginia University's (WVU) Center for Alternative Fuels, Engines and Emissions (CAFEE) have been focused towards the testing of heavy duty diesel engines.;In order to expand the emissions testing capabilities at CAFEE, a new small engine emissions testing laboratory was …
An Engineer's Story: Ernst Behrend And The Hammermill Paper Company, The First Quarter Century., Scott W. Daley
An Engineer's Story: Ernst Behrend And The Hammermill Paper Company, The First Quarter Century., Scott W. Daley
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In 1898, Ernst Behrend arrived in America controlling approximately Z1,000,000 to build a paper mill. He and his father, Moritz Behrend, had secured investments from a small pool of German entrepreneurs who owned other paper mills in Prussia. The Behrend family had been among the pioneers in producing sulphite paper made from wood pulp rather than cotton rag, and they wanted to transfer the technology to America. Starting Hammermill Paper Company in America proved to be more demanding than planning had foretold. The sulphite process was successful, but the Behrends faced numerous challenges in their new business venture. Ernst Behrend, …
A Social And Political History Of The National Radio Astronomy Observatory At Green Bank, Wv, Lenora G. Kenwolf
A Social And Political History Of The National Radio Astronomy Observatory At Green Bank, Wv, Lenora G. Kenwolf
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis examines the role of the people of West Virginia in bringing the NRAO to Green Bank, West Virginia. It explores the impact of the space race, big science and the Cold War on a small rural community nestled in the heart of the Appalachian Mountains during the 1950s. There has been very little scholarship done on how local residents and state politicians helped to shape big science. The thesis opens with a brief history of early radio astronomy starting with the work of Karl Jansky and Grote Reber. It discusses the influence of HAM radio on radio astronomy. …
Applications Of Krische Allylation Towards Natural Product Synthesis., Melvin Rajaratnam
Applications Of Krische Allylation Towards Natural Product Synthesis., Melvin Rajaratnam
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A short asymmetric synthesis of the anti-cancer natural product Rugulactone has been attempted. The synthetic route begins with a mono-Krische allylation of 1,3-propane diol resulting in (S)-hex-5-ene-1,3-diol. Acylation followed by ring closing metathesis (RCM) led to the desired α-pyranone core. Similarly, we focused on the bis-Krische allylation, selective acylation and the RCM sequence towards total synthesis of various αpyranone natural products and their analogues. The progress toward this synthesis is described.
The Effects Of A Phytogenic Feed Additive Versus An Antibiotic Feed Additive On Oxidative Stress In Broiler Chicks And A Possible Mechanism Determined By Electron Spin Resonance And The Effect Of Allopurinol, Uric Acid Sodium Salt Administration, And Inosine On Xanthine Oxidoreductase Activity And Plasma Uric Acid In Broilers., Tabatha L. Settle
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of the first study was to compare a phytogenic feed additive and an antibiotic feed additive when measuring oxidative stress in young broilers. Phytogenic feed additives are plantderived products used in poultry feeding to improve overall performance of broilers. Although the precise mechanism by which the increased growth rate is realized remains uncertain, these products have antioxidant components that are known to reduce oxidative stress. This is considered important in that reactive oxygen species (ROS), the causative factor of oxidative stress, can result in damage to biological systems within the bird. In this study, 588 one day-old Cobb …
Analysis Of Carrion Fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Population Genetics Using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (Aflp) Profiles., Christine J. Picard
Analysis Of Carrion Fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) Population Genetics Using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (Aflp) Profiles., Christine J. Picard
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Worldwide, there are over 1000 species of blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Blow flies display a variety of habits, however they are best known for their role in the decomposition of carrion. As yet, there are few studies of their population genetic structure, although such data would contribute to such fields as pest management, taxonomy, forensic entomology and veterinary medicine. Although it is typically assumed that carrion fly populations are panmictic, this has been disputed. This research focused on developing a new protocol to understand the population genetic structure in carrion flies using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) profiles. My specific …
Engendering Clinical Competencies In Physician Assistant Programs: A Mixed Study Of Marietta College's Student Assessment Of Learning And Professional Practice., William A. Childers
Engendering Clinical Competencies In Physician Assistant Programs: A Mixed Study Of Marietta College's Student Assessment Of Learning And Professional Practice., William A. Childers
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study involved the physician assistant clinical competencies. Marietta College Physician Assistant alumni were surveyed both quantitatively as well as qualitatively about how well engendered they became with the physician assistant competencies as a result of their completion of the program. Although data did show all competency means to be perceived as average in nature, several statistically significant differences were found when analyzed using demographic data. Recommendations for future research should compare the competencies and gender as well as reassess the weakest areas of each competency.
Memorializing Motherhood: Anna Jarvis And The Struggle For Control Of Mother's Day., Katharine Lane Antolini
Memorializing Motherhood: Anna Jarvis And The Struggle For Control Of Mother's Day., Katharine Lane Antolini
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Few people outside the state of West Virginia recognize the name Anna Jarvis or know of the lovely church that stands as a shrine to her accomplishments. Yet, on every second Sunday in May, we mail the cards, buy the flowers, place the long distant phone calls, or make the brunch reservation to honor our mothers because of her. Anna Jarvis was the founder of Mother's Day. She organized the first official Mother's Day celebration in 1908 and then spent four decades promoting the holiday and defending it from commercialization and ideological exploitation. Jarvis designed her Mother's Day celebration based …
Multicultural Counseling Competencies, White Racial Identity Development, And Color-Blind Racial Attitudes: Differences Across Mental Health Sub-Disciplines., Jacquelyn Monique Strait
Multicultural Counseling Competencies, White Racial Identity Development, And Color-Blind Racial Attitudes: Differences Across Mental Health Sub-Disciplines., Jacquelyn Monique Strait
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Multicultural counseling education in graduate programs is an essential component of clinical training. The exploration of racial identity attitudes and color-blind racial attitudes are starting to become increasingly integrated into multicultural training. The sub-fields of counseling, counseling psychology, and clinical psychology programs have different histories and unique professional identities that set them apart from one another. Limited research exists that explores whether multicultural training differs according to type of graduate training program. The current study examined differences in self-reported multicultural competencies, racial identity development, and color-blind racial attitudes across mental health sub-disciplines. Social desirability was used as a control measure. …
Artificial Neural Networks For Reservoir Level Detection Of Carbon Dioxide Seepage Location Using Permanent Down-Hole Pressure Data., Jalal Jalali
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Monitoring the potential seepage of CO2 is a required practice for any CO2 sequestration project. Monitoring is used in order to ensure the efficiency of the sequestration process and that the CO 2 will remain in the target formation for extended periods of time. Different techniques that exist in the literature differ based on their resolution and location of their application. Monitoring techniques can be divided into three categories: surface techniques, which measure CO2 at or above the surface, shallow depth techniques, which monitor the concentration of CO2 in soil or shallow aquifers, or deep techniques, which monitor CO2 movement …
The Evaluation Of Virulent And Hypovirulent Inocula Of The Chestnut Blight Fungus, Cryphonectria Parasitica, To Incite Infection And Spermatize Virulent Cankers., Shawn C. Kenaley
The Evaluation Of Virulent And Hypovirulent Inocula Of The Chestnut Blight Fungus, Cryphonectria Parasitica, To Incite Infection And Spermatize Virulent Cankers., Shawn C. Kenaley
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Transgenic hypovirulent (HV) strains of Cryphonectria parasitica [Murrill] M.E. Barr engineered to contain an infectious cDNA copy of Cryphonectria hypovirus 1 (Hypoviridae; CHV1) may provide an efficient mechanism to introduce hypoviruses into genetically heterogeneous populations of the chestnut blight fungus. However, elucidating the factors that affect the infection of chestnut and spread of C. parasitica is needed to fully utilize the potential of transgenic HV strains for the biological control of chestnut blight. In one study, three experiments were conducted at a forested site near Bartow, West Virginia. The seasonality of HV and virulent canker development was measured in the …
Mechanism For Heterogeneous Reduction Of Selenite By Zero Valent Iron-Steel Wool., Donglin Huang
Mechanism For Heterogeneous Reduction Of Selenite By Zero Valent Iron-Steel Wool., Donglin Huang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Although selenium is as essential element for animal and human growth, selenium released from coal mining process and coal combustion residues to surface and groundwater may cause toxicity to aquatic life. There is urgent need for an easy and accurate analytical method to speciate and determine trace selenium concentrations in waters impacted by coal mine drainage, and treatment technique to remove selenium from aqueous solution. The primary objective of present work is to develop a speciation procedure and analytical method for inorganic selenium species (Se0, SeIV, SeVI) with Multimode Sample Introduction System-Inductive Coupled Plasma Optic Emission Spectrometer (MSIS-ICP). Experiments showed …
Intergenerational Transmission Of Health-Promoting Behaviors: Examining Participation In Physical Activity Between Middle-Aged Mothers And Their Younger Adult Children, Sarah T. Stahl
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Research has provided considerable evidence that participation in regular physical activity is associated with numerous physical and mental health benefits (Penedo & Dahn, 2005). Despite public health efforts to increase the activity levels adults, only 25% of the U.S. adult population is regularly active and nearly 60% remains sedentary (US Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS], 2008). A small, but growing, area of research has examined physical activity from an intergenerational or dyadic perspective that considers how involvements in close, personal relationships influence levels of physical activity. In a sample of middle-aged mothers and their younger adult children, the …
Nonwoven Geotextile Filtration Performance With Coal Refuse, Rajesh Tolikonda
Nonwoven Geotextile Filtration Performance With Coal Refuse, Rajesh Tolikonda
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The project involved bench scale testing investigating geotextile filter clogging by fine particle intrusion and fabric blinding from coarse and fine coal refuse with nonwoven geotextile filter fabric. The research explored the fine particle distribution through the refuse material and interfacial contact with the geotextile. The coal refuse was obtained from an active mining and coal waste impoundment operation located in Boone County, WV. The research involved testing of non-woven geotextiles with coarse and fine coal refuse under standard and reduced compaction energies in order to simulate field performance of the fabric to the effects of loose compaction conditions, such …
Comparison Of Noise Reduction Results For Fit-Testing And Continuous Observations During Coal Mining For Selected Earplug And Earmuff, Mingyu Wu
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
It is not clear how effective hearing protective devices are during actual use, including during coal mining. A proposed solution is individual fit-testing, which is usually done in an office environment. However, it is not clear that fit-testing accurately represents protection while actually working. This research investigates both issues for coal miners for two hearing protectors (E-A-R earplug and Peltor earmuff). It consists of two related studies: lab studies of fit-testing and field studies relating fit-testing at coal mine offices to the actual noise reductions provided for the same coal miners during work.;The effects of several variables on fit-testing results …
Burden Of Care And Health -Related Quality Of Life Among Caregivers Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Rahul Khanna
Burden Of Care And Health -Related Quality Of Life Among Caregivers Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Rahul Khanna
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Caring for a child with autism is a challenging experience for parents, who also have to assume the role of a caregiver. Several studies have documented the occurrence of negative outcomes among caregivers of children with autism. Autism has been shown to affect every aspect of caregivers' lives, whether it is their mental health, physical health, financial health, or social health. The purpose of this study was to gather in-depth information about the impact of autism on primary caregivers. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used for this purpose. As part of the project, three studies were conducted. Data …
Wireless Sensor Networks In Underground Structures, Derrick Morgan
Wireless Sensor Networks In Underground Structures, Derrick Morgan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
With the growing interest in developing a system capable of monitoring the health of an underground structure, the research and design of such a system is a logical step. The objective of the research performed was to take that step and develop a system capable of monitoring the health of an underground structure. In order to initiate the process, requirements of the system or network to be developed were set so that the research and design would have some guidance.;The research that followed from the requirements led to the selection of a wireless network which utilizes the Zigbee protocol. Various …
Modeling Of Jet Engine Abnormal Conditions And Detection Using The Artificial Immune System Paradigm, Jaclyn Marie Porter
Modeling Of Jet Engine Abnormal Conditions And Detection Using The Artificial Immune System Paradigm, Jaclyn Marie Porter
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Previous research at WVU has yielded promising results in the detection of aircraft sub-systems malfunctions using the artificial immune system (AIS) paradigm. However, one aircraft component that requires improvement is the aircraft propulsion system. In this research effort, MAPSS, a non-real time low-bypass turbofan engine model distributed by NASA, has been linearized and interfaced with the WVU F-15 model and the WVU 6 degrees-of-freedom flight simulator to provide a more complex engine model and create more options for engine failure modeling and engine failure detection. A variety of engine actuator and sensor failures were modeled and implemented into the simulation …
Quantifying Changes In Ecological Function Of Headwater Catchments Following Large-Scale Surface Mining In Southern West Virginia, Gretchen Anne Gingerich
Quantifying Changes In Ecological Function Of Headwater Catchments Following Large-Scale Surface Mining In Southern West Virginia, Gretchen Anne Gingerich
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
West Virginia is one of the leading producers of coal in the United States. Large scale surface mining (mountaintop removal mining, MTR) has become commonplace in WV as a technique for accessing thin layers of coal that may be difficult or impossible to access through traditional underground mining techniques. MTR disturbs large areas of land and often results in a complete rearrangement of headwater catchments. Although restoring original pre-mining conditions is ideal, it is usually unrealistic in this region. Consequently, the extent to which post-reclamation watersheds function relative to the pre-mining conditions is unclear. The objectives of this study were …
Preadmission Academic Achievement Criteria As Predictors Of Nursing Program Completion And Nclex -Rn Success, Tanya L. Rogers
Preadmission Academic Achievement Criteria As Predictors Of Nursing Program Completion And Nclex -Rn Success, Tanya L. Rogers
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Admission policies and practices in higher education, including those in nursing programs, are diverse; yet administrators have traditionally relied upon preadmission academic achievement for selection of qualified students. Higher education administrators have the responsibility to serve the institution and all of its constituents, ensuring that admission policies and regular systematic evaluation of those policies are important aspects of that service.;The nursing shortage and limited resources have pressed nursing schools to implement innovative strategies to increase the number of qualified graduates. State University's School of Nursing has used a score sheet to rank associate degree nursing applicants since 1984. The preadmission …
Abet Accreditation Criteria, Outcome H And Global Competencies In Engineering Education, Elisabeth Sanchez-Goni
Abet Accreditation Criteria, Outcome H And Global Competencies In Engineering Education, Elisabeth Sanchez-Goni
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The dissertation focuses on one aspect of the accreditation process of engineering programs in the United States, which is conducted under the standards of the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET). Engineering programs seeking accreditation are required to comply with the so called Engineering Criteria 2000 (EC2000), which has been divided into eleven "learning outcomes," labeled a through k. The dissertation addresses one of them, "Outcome h", which specifically calls for "the broad education necessary to understand the impact of engineering solutions in a global, economic, environmental, and societal context.";The dissertation examines what engineering departments, from the Southern Regional …
Teacher Decision Making And The Implementation Of An Integrated Arts Curriculum, Mary K. Devono
Teacher Decision Making And The Implementation Of An Integrated Arts Curriculum, Mary K. Devono
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examines the impact of teacher decision making upon implementing an integrated arts curriculum. Qualitative research methods, including interviews, lesson plan document analysis, and teacher discussion of student artwork comprise the research data from eight elementary classroom teachers. This study is designed to add to the descriptive data on teacher perceptions, especially with regard to their professional autonomy, and ultimately, the decisions within their sphere of influence---the classroom arts curriculum. The implications of this study reveal insight into teacher decision making. The research provides knowledge that contributes to professional development initiatives, acquisition of instructional and curricular resources, and student …
The Perceptions Of Practicing West Virginia K-3 Reading Teachers Of Working With Reading First Coaches In Title I Distinguished Schools, Karen R. Davies
The Perceptions Of Practicing West Virginia K-3 Reading Teachers Of Working With Reading First Coaches In Title I Distinguished Schools, Karen R. Davies
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This research was conducted to offer insight regarding how Reading First K--3 teachers working in West Virginia Title I Distinguished Schools perceive the role of the reading coach. The study examined the importance of reading coach activities in improving reading instruction as perceived by these K--3 teachers. It was further investigated whether differences existed between reading coach activities perceived by the teachers as important to improving reading instruction and knowledge by these teachers that the activities were performed by the coaches. An electronic survey was distributed to all Reading First K--3 teachers working in West Virginia Title I Distinguished Schools …
A Market Assessment Of Greenhouse Products And Associated Rural Development In Semi-Arid Regions Of Mexico, Edgar Arturo Quevedo-Martinez
A Market Assessment Of Greenhouse Products And Associated Rural Development In Semi-Arid Regions Of Mexico, Edgar Arturo Quevedo-Martinez
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Greenhouse products represent a feasible alternative for small producers compared to open-field production. Using a combination of enterprise budgeting, capital investment analysis and optimization, we found that under most of the conditions investigated the six different crops investigated are profitable. Greenhouse production has the added benefits of conserving scarce land and water resources, potentially reducing production and market risk, and offering consumers healthful products of good quality, that can contribute to the development of the local economy. One problem is that a larger up-front investment is often essential.;This study focused on three main areas: (1) A production and market assessment. …
Cryptic Subtelomeric Rearrangements And Studies Of Telomere Length, Jasen Lee Wise
Cryptic Subtelomeric Rearrangements And Studies Of Telomere Length, Jasen Lee Wise
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Study One. An estimated five percent of individuals with unexplained mental retardation (MR) have chromosomally unbalanced subtelomere regions. Around half of these individuals inherited the imbalance from a parent with a balanced rearrangement. The frequency of carriers for cryptic balanced translocations is unknown. To determine this frequency, blood samples received from 565 out of 978 phenotypically normal, unrelated individuals were examined using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) probes to analyze all subtelomere regions. No balanced subtelomeric rearrangements were identified. The frequency of balanced cryptic translocations in the general population was estimated to be 1/8,000 from the literature. However, three females …
Characteristics Of Subordinate Follicles Following Removal Of The Dominant Follicle: Induction Of Selection, Matthew Dean
Characteristics Of Subordinate Follicles Following Removal Of The Dominant Follicle: Induction Of Selection, Matthew Dean
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In mammals, ovarian follicles begin as primordial follicles. Over time these follicles are gradually activated and begin growth. As they proceed, granulosal and thecal cells are acquired. Eventually, the follicles become dependent on FSH for survival. Two or three times each cycle, a transient increase in FSH allows a cohort of follicles, including the follicle that will ovulate, to continue growing. However, these follicles secrete inhibin and estradiol, which suppress FSH secretion. Eventually, all the follicles of the cohort undergo atresia due to the declining concentrations of FSH, except for the follicle which has the potential to ovulate. This follicle …
Text Format, Text Comprehension, And Related Reader Variables, Jodi L. Nichols
Text Format, Text Comprehension, And Related Reader Variables, Jodi L. Nichols
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This investigation explored relationships between format of text (electronic or print-based) and reading comprehension of adolescent readers. Also in question were potential influences on comprehension from related measures including academic placement of participants, gender, prior knowledge of the content, and overall reading ability. Influences were measured through an unaided text retell and a constructed-response assessment with traditional questioning. Participants' reading preferences and self-reported reading behaviors were also explored.;Findings from regression analyses revealed that format of the text was not a significant predictor of reading comprehension for seventh grade students, despite participants' self-reported preference to reading electronic text. Conversely, participants' academic …
The Development, Implementation And Evaluation Of A System Based Physical Activity Promotion Program In A Free, Rural, Primary Care Clinic, Martha E. Summers
The Development, Implementation And Evaluation Of A System Based Physical Activity Promotion Program In A Free, Rural, Primary Care Clinic, Martha E. Summers
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Background. Despite the consequences of physical inactivity, it is under recognized and not addressed consistently in primary care. The Healthy People 2010 recommendations are that adults should engage in at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity on most, preferably all, days of the week. Clinical practice guidelines advise that primary care practitioners take the opportunity whenever possible to advise, discuss, negotiate, or encourage physical activity in inactive adults. Objective. The primary objective was to identify beliefs about physical activity that act as barriers among providers and to educate them about the current recommendations for physical activity. An additional objective …
A Web-Based System For Course Instruction And Student Advising, Praveen Danda
A Web-Based System For Course Instruction And Student Advising, Praveen Danda
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Academic advising plays an important role in student success in college, freshman students who join the universities with certain goals may face difficulties in course selection, whom to contact, and where to get course information. Considering this, each student in the university is assigned an advisor from his/her department who can address student's problems during their academic years in the college. The advisors spend considerable amount of time in analyzing student performance during the semester by viewing the student's grades and transcripts. The rise in student enrollment in engineering majors at West Virginia University is making it increasingly difficult for …
Preparing Medical Students To Counsel For Smoking Cessation, Aubree M. Guiffre
Preparing Medical Students To Counsel For Smoking Cessation, Aubree M. Guiffre
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Smoking is a national epidemic. Medical providers are the first line of defense to help patients reduce or stop smoking. However, smoking cessation counseling does not occur consistently or regularly. Medical providers must be trained to counsel for smoking cessation, with certain areas requiring attention in order for the training to be successful. There is a relationship between medical students who have high rates of self-efficacy related to smoking cessation counseling and high rates of actual counseling. Understanding the relationships between knowledge, skills, attitudes, and the medical school year in training on self-efficacy is important to better prepare medical students …