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Emotional Pain And Acute Nociception, Alison M. Vargovich Jan 2011

Emotional Pain And Acute Nociception, Alison M. Vargovich

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined differences and similarities in responses to acute nociception in adults with a significant history of emotional pain relative to matched controls with a significant past positive life experience and a sample of chronic pain patients. Using 28 volunteers who responded to advertisements (n = 14, emotional pain group; n = 14, positive life experience group), and 14 chronic pain patients from a prior study, this investigation utilized measures of pain threshold and tolerance during a laboratory finger pressure pain induction experiment. Each participant experienced two levels of pressure pain (i.e., high and low) and two levels of …

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An Investigation Of Diesel Pm Particle Morphology Using Tem And Sem, Ganesh Vedula Jan 2011

An Investigation Of Diesel Pm Particle Morphology Using Tem And Sem, Ganesh Vedula

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research investigates the effect of engine load and combustion mode on the size, shape and microstructure of PM particles of two diesel engines using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), and electron microscopes including scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The effect of engine load on the morphology of PM particle was investigated using a 2004 MACK MP7-355E heavy-duty diesel engine. The effect of combustion mode on the morphology of the PM particles was preliminarily examined using 2005 Opel 1.9 L light-duty diesel engine. The SEM images were processed using ImageJ V: 1.44o software to obtain …

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Role Of Nitric Oxide And Reactive Oxygen Species In Apoptotic, Inflammatory And Migratory Signaling Pathways In Cancer, Siera Jo Talbott Jan 2011

Role Of Nitric Oxide And Reactive Oxygen Species In Apoptotic, Inflammatory And Migratory Signaling Pathways In Cancer, Siera Jo Talbott

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cancer represents over 200 different diseases of different cell and tissue type origins. The heterogeneity of tumors presents challenges in finding effective treatments for the different diseases. Therefore, understanding the molecular events that promote tumorgenesis can assist in the development of better targeted treatments and therapies. Reduction/oxidation (redox) biology has become increasingly important as high levels of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are reported in both the development of cancer and in response to treatment. In addition to their known potential biotoxic effects on DNA, proteins and lipids, NO and ROS are recognized as secondary messengers within …

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Where Have All The Women Combatants Gone? The Realities Of Soviet Female Veterans In The Immediate Post World War Two Period, Jekaterina Tsizikova Jan 2011

Where Have All The Women Combatants Gone? The Realities Of Soviet Female Veterans In The Immediate Post World War Two Period, Jekaterina Tsizikova

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Relying on numerous testimonies of Soviet women combatants, this thesis demonstrates the wartime and post-war realities of Soviet women soldiers. About a million of women combatants took an active part in the war, yet they remained in the shadow of the Great Victory of 1945. This paper explores the unwillingness of the Soviet state to recognize the contribution of Soviet women combatants in the fighting of the Second World War. Why did the myth of the Great Patriotic War exclude women? Why were some women soldiers more worthy of recognition than others? What, compared to female veterans, was the status …

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The Effects Of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy On Symptoms And Impairment In Young Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Stephanie M. Wagner Jan 2011

The Effects Of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy On Symptoms And Impairment In Young Children With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Stephanie M. Wagner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is an externalizing disorder beginning in childhood with symptoms and impairment persisting into adulthood for many individuals. Although ADHD is identifiable and diagnostically valid during the preschool years, the majority of the research has focused on treating school-aged children. Some research suggests that behavioral parent training (BPT) programs are efficacious in treating young children. Yet, results are inconsistent and previous research has methodological limitations that restrict interpretations of the data. Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), a widely-disseminated evidence-based BPT program for young children with disruptive behavior problems, incorporates components (e.g., in vivo coaching) that may be particularly effective …

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Development Of An Emotional Pain Interview, Ben Weinstein Jan 2011

Development Of An Emotional Pain Interview, Ben Weinstein

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study developed and tested the Emotional Pain Interview (EPI), a semi-structured interview measuring emotional pain, using community dwelling adults with a significant history of emotional pain (n = 16; emotional pain group) relative to matched controls reporting a prior significant positive life experience (n = 16; positive life experience group). The EPI and a matching positive life event interview were used to assess all participants regarding prior emotionally painful and positive life experiences. Participants completed measures of anxiety sensitivity, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Ratings of emotional responding (i.e., Valence, Arousal, and Control/Dominance) were made for prior emotionally painful …

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Ferric Iron Nanoparticle Formation Mediated By Negatively Charged Polypeptides, Vamsi Krishna Aluru Dec 2010

Ferric Iron Nanoparticle Formation Mediated By Negatively Charged Polypeptides, Vamsi Krishna Aluru

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The creation of magnetite particles by magnetotactic bacteria has been of great interest for a number of years. Previous studies have shown that magnetite nanocrystals have been synthesized in the presence of recombinant Mms6 protein. Mms6 plays a vital role in the biomineralization of bacterial magnetite nanocrystals. The objective of this research is to determine the effect of functional group type on size and shape of magnetic nanoparticles formed by biomineralization. Control over the size of nanoparticles is paramount. Use of nanoparticles as contrast agents in MRI is advantageous, as they are small enough to be localized in desired region …

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Laboratory And Real-World Measurement Of Diesel Particulate Matter, Yuebin Wu Dec 2010

Laboratory And Real-World Measurement Of Diesel Particulate Matter, Yuebin Wu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

West Virginia University's Center for Alternative Fuels, Engines, and Emissions (CAFEE) has designed and constructed, with support from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), the 'next level' transportable dual-primary full-flow dilution tunnel emissions-measurement laboratory. As one of the major contributors, the author participated in the design and the fabrication processes of this laboratory. A systematic SimulinkRTM model was built for the Particulate Matter (PM) sampling system and a parametric study of the PM system was performed. Modeling of gas chemical composition, mass and heat transfer, as well as modeling of the primary and the secondary tunnels, were conducted with this …

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The Politics And Policy Of Small City Downtown Development, Thomas K. Bias Dec 2010

The Politics And Policy Of Small City Downtown Development, Thomas K. Bias

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Many theories on successful small city development and revitalization efforts hinge on three major areas; Policies and programs, quality of life, and strong coalitions between government, non-profit groups, local business, and residents. This dissertation examines the affects that government policies and programs (e.g., Main Street programs, zoning laws, etc.) have on the success of small city development and revitalization efforts. Using original survey data from a sample of key small city policy makers across the United States, this dissertation explores how perceptions of small city downtowns are influenced by government efforts to improve them. Regression analysis is employed to determine …

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Effectiveness Of Cetylpyridinium Chloride, Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Chlorine Dioxide, And Essential Oils Against F. Nucleatum, P. Gingivalis, S. Mutans And S. Sobrinus---A Biofilm Approach, Kristafer Lee Adkins Dec 2010

Effectiveness Of Cetylpyridinium Chloride, Chlorhexidine Gluconate, Chlorine Dioxide, And Essential Oils Against F. Nucleatum, P. Gingivalis, S. Mutans And S. Sobrinus---A Biofilm Approach, Kristafer Lee Adkins

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Results of evaluating chemotherapeutic effectiveness have focused on planktonic, two-dimensional bacterial existence. Biofilms exist as three-dimensional structures which shelter bacteria deep within. Current research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of various chemotherapeutics against bacteria residing inside of a biofilm. In order to do so, this study evaluated the effectiveness of four common chemotherapeutics (cetylpyridinium chloride, chlorhexidine gluconate, chlorine dioxide, and essential oils) against four bacteria (S. mutans, S. sobrinus, F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis) in both planktonic and biofilm modeled culture media. Data was obtained through the measurement of zones of inhibition (ZOI) surrounding test discs placed on experimental …

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Equine Assisted Activities And Therapies, Carol C. Petitto Dec 2010

Equine Assisted Activities And Therapies, Carol C. Petitto

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation is composed of three essays in which each carefully examines an important aspect of the field of equine assisted activities and therapies (EAAT). In the first essay, I review how equine assisted activities and therapies should be considered as an early intervention to help facilitate communication skills in children with autism. The majority of participants in NARHA programs have autism, and therefore it is critical to appraise the validity of EAAT as a positive intervention. Respondents of NARHA centers to a survey on their use of assessments in tracking the progress of their participants indicated that only 7% …

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Wireless Sensing System For Load Testing And Rating Of Highway Bridges, Yan Luo Dec 2010

Wireless Sensing System For Load Testing And Rating Of Highway Bridges, Yan Luo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Structural capacity evaluation of bridges is an increasingly important topic in the effort to deal with the deteriorating infrastructure. Most bridges are evaluated through subjective visual inspection and conservative theoretical rating. Diagnostic load test has been recognized as an effective method to accurately assess the carrying capacity of bridges. Traditional wired sensors and data acquisition (DAQ) systems suffer drawbacks of being labor intensive, high cost, and time consumption in installation and maintenance. For those reasons, very few load tests have been conducted on bridges.;This study aims at developing a low-cost wireless bridge load testing & rating system that can be …

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Effects Of Acid Mine Drainage And Acid Precipitation On Leaf Litter Breakdown Rates In Appalachian Headwater Streams, Mary Fiona Stewart Dec 2010

Effects Of Acid Mine Drainage And Acid Precipitation On Leaf Litter Breakdown Rates In Appalachian Headwater Streams, Mary Fiona Stewart

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Acid precipitation and acid mine drainage have dramatically altered chemical conditions and biological assemblages in streams throughout the central Appalachians. Effects of acidification on functional stream processes such as organic matter decomposition, however, remain poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to: (1) quantify differences in organic matter decomposition among reference streams, streams impacted by acid precipitation, and streams impacted by acid mine drainage; and (2) determine if lowered decomposition rates are the result of reduced microbial activity or altered invertebrate shredder assemblages or both. I quantified water chemistry, organic matter decomposition, microbial activity, and macroinvertebrate community structure in …

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Evaluating The Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test Ii As A Diagnostic Screening Instrument Among Clinically Referred Children And Adolescents, Linda R. Marnic Dec 2010

Evaluating The Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test Ii As A Diagnostic Screening Instrument Among Clinically Referred Children And Adolescents, Linda R. Marnic

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research was designed to investigate the diagnostic utility of the Bender Gestalt II (BGII) test using the Bender Global Scoring System (BGSS) and the Koppitz 2 scoring systems. The scores from these two systems were correlated with scores derived from the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children, Present and Lifetime Edition (KSADS-PL+), a semistructured interview along with Longitudinal Evaluation of all Available Data (LEAD) and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Of the 115 children and adolescents who initially participated in the study to assess the validity of the Bender Visual Motor Gestalt II test …

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The Perceived Role Competencies And Qualifications Of Newly Hired Novice And Experienced Nurse Educators In Prelicensure Registered Nurse Programs: A Regional Study, Denice H. Kirchoff Dec 2010

The Perceived Role Competencies And Qualifications Of Newly Hired Novice And Experienced Nurse Educators In Prelicensure Registered Nurse Programs: A Regional Study, Denice H. Kirchoff

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The health care profession is faced with a well publicized shortage of registered nurses. This shortage is accompanied by a declining number of nurse educators who are needed to prepare individuals entering the field. Factors recognized to be related to the educator shortage are the heavy workload and academic demands that immediately confront the new educator. Faculty members have reported feeling overwhelmed and uncertain of their decision to enter academia. Moreover, nurse educators enter into the profession with varying educational backgrounds which pose challenges to their respective nursing program to develop their entry level needs.;The purpose of the study was …

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The Effect Of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Derived From Various Sources On Bone Metabolism In Growing Female Rats, Robin E. Lukas Dec 2010

The Effect Of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Derived From Various Sources On Bone Metabolism In Growing Female Rats, Robin E. Lukas

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Bone loss may be lessened if bone mass and strength are increased by optimizing nutrition intervention. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (o-3 PUFAs) have been suggested to improve bone mineralization and microarchitecture by affecting mineral balance and lipid peroxidation. However, the sources of the o-3 PUFA differ in the types of o-3 PUFA, ratios, and structural form. Therefore, the study objective was to determine the effect of o-3 PUFAs from different sources on bone mineral and microarchitecture and explore potential associations. Growing (28 day) female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned (n=10/group) to a high fat 12% (weight) diet consisting of either …

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Perceptions Of West Virginia Beef Cattle Producers On Preparedness For An Agroterrorism Attack, Rebecca Laura Ours Dec 2010

Perceptions Of West Virginia Beef Cattle Producers On Preparedness For An Agroterrorism Attack, Rebecca Laura Ours

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Biosecurity is a measure that can help protect beef producers from financial loss associated with an agroterrorism attack. This study sought to determine West Virginia beef producers' perceptions of the potential for agroterrorism and what biosecurity measures they practice. A mailed questionnaire was sent to a sample population of 355 beef producers, with a response rate of 47.7%. Beef producers in West Virginia agreed that agroterrorism could happen in the United States and in West Virginia; however, the majority did not feel it would happen on their farms. A majority of the respondents indicated they would attend a program on …

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Evaluation Of Reforestation Efforts On Two Reclaimed Surface Mines In West Virginia, Curtis A. Delong Dec 2010

Evaluation Of Reforestation Efforts On Two Reclaimed Surface Mines In West Virginia, Curtis A. Delong

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Coal mining has disturbed approximately 2.4 million hectares (6 million acres) since 1930 in the United States. West Virginia is located in the Eastern Coal Region where surface mining has disturbed large areas of eastern deciduous forest. As coal operators and land owners are moving toward restoring forests on mined lands, techniques are being developed and tested to increase tree survival and growth to ensure disturbed land is converted back to forest in a timely fashion. This study was implemented to provide additional scientific data on the implementation of these techniques especially related to substrate selection. The objectives of this …

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Emotional Intelligence And Facial Affect Recognition Among College Psychopaths Versus Controls, Rebecca L. Schwartz Dec 2010

Emotional Intelligence And Facial Affect Recognition Among College Psychopaths Versus Controls, Rebecca L. Schwartz

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study had two purposes: to replicate research on facial affect recognition and to test for differences in emotional intelligence abilities between a college psychopathic and controls population. Two groups were formed based on Psychopathy Personality Inventory-Revised scores with the college psychopathic group scoring above the 75% cut off, and the controls below the 50% cut off. Forty-two college students completed questionnaires including a demographic questionnaire, the Psychopathy Personality Inventory-Revised, the Bar-On EQ-i, and the Illegal Behavior Checklist. They also completed a facial affect recognition task. There were no significant differences between the psychopathic group and the control group on …

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Mechanisms Of Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt Nanoparticle-Induced Angiogenesis, Yingxue Zhu Dec 2010

Mechanisms Of Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt Nanoparticle-Induced Angiogenesis, Yingxue Zhu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Hard metal or cemented carbide consists of a powder mixture of 80 to 90% of tungsten carbide (WC) and 5 to 10% of metallic cobalt (Co). Nanoparticles are engineered structures with one dimension of at least 100 nanometers or smaller. The small size results in properties that may be substantially different from particles of the same composition in the micrometer scale. It has been demonstrated that the inhalation of hard metal particles may cause an interstitial pulmonary disease and lung cancer, the mechanism of which involves an interaction between Co and WC particles, the generation of reactive oxygen species, and …

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Three Essays On The Foreign Exchange And Equity Returns, Alina F. Klein Dec 2010

Three Essays On The Foreign Exchange And Equity Returns, Alina F. Klein

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation contains three essays dealing with current issues in the foreign exchange and equity exchange markets. The first essay observes that both markets display behaviors akin to momentum and mean reversion. This essay implements a trading strategy combining mean reversion and momentum in foreign exchange markets. The strategy was originally designed for equity markets, but it also generates abnormal returns when applied to uncovered interest parity deviations for five countries. I find that the pattern for the positions thus created in the foreign exchange markets is qualitatively similar to that found in the equity markets. Quantitatively, this strategy performs …

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Mandatory Reporting In The Context Of Home Visitation Programs, Danielle Marie Davidov Dec 2010

Mandatory Reporting In The Context Of Home Visitation Programs, Danielle Marie Davidov

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Each year in the United States, 4.8 million physical assaults and rapes are committed against 1.5 million women by an intimate partner. An estimated 3.3 to 10 million children are exposed to some form of intimate partner violence (IPV) in their own homes annually. Although mandatory reporting laws regarding child abuse and/or neglect are implemented in all 50 U.S. states, the extent to which these laws are appropriate for IPV between adults and children exposed to IPV is undetermined. A comprehensive examination of the perspectives of those required to report abuse is critical, as their roles as mandated reporters often …

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Pathophysiology And Clinical Implications Of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (Lrti) With Respiratory Enteric Orphan Virus (Reovirus): Background And Experimental Evidence, Maret E. Bernard Dec 2010

Pathophysiology And Clinical Implications Of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (Lrti) With Respiratory Enteric Orphan Virus (Reovirus): Background And Experimental Evidence, Maret E. Bernard

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background. Respiratory viral infection early in life is a predominant factor in the inception of episodic wheezing and development of asthma amongst young children [1] and a serious health challenge. Previous studies of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in animal models have indicated that early life viral exposure results in dysregulated neuroimmune interactions and altered synthesis/release of pro-inflammatory neuropeptides generating increased airway reactivity and neurogenic-inflammation. Similar to RSV, respiratory enteric orphan virus (Reovirus) is a common respiratory pathogen associated with pulmonary infections in children. Also, reovirus pulmonary infection has been shown to induce increased collagen …

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An Evaluation Of The Efficacy And Safety Of A Protocol To Premedicate Neonates For Elective Or Semi-Urgent Intubations In A Newborn Intensive Care Unit, Judith Dunmire Polak Dec 2010

An Evaluation Of The Efficacy And Safety Of A Protocol To Premedicate Neonates For Elective Or Semi-Urgent Intubations In A Newborn Intensive Care Unit, Judith Dunmire Polak

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background. Intubation is a painful and stressful procedure frequently performed in the NICU, yet less than 1% of US preterm infants receive premedication. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of an intubation protocol in the NICU to add one 2mcg/kg dose of fentanyl prior to the procedure.;Objectives. The primary outcome was to decrease the time to successful intubation. Secondary outcomes were to increase staff knowledge regarding procedural pain, to reduce the number of attempts and to decrease adverse physiologic events.;Design. Staff attended one educational session. Pre- and post-tests assessed knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes. Data pre- and …

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The Power-Knowledge To Move Mountains: Subaltern Discourses Of Mountaintop Removal In Coal River Valley, West Virginia, Jen Osha Dec 2010

The Power-Knowledge To Move Mountains: Subaltern Discourses Of Mountaintop Removal In Coal River Valley, West Virginia, Jen Osha

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This research investigates the perspectives of local residents within the Coal River Valley, WV, who are concerned about the impacts of mountaintop removal (MTR) on themselves, their families and communities, and their environment. In this dissertation, the term 'subaltern' represents a heterogeneous community of resistance to MTR with multiple perspectives around intersections of gender, age, and livelihood. The objectives of my study are twofold: to illuminate how dominant legal discourse continues to subjugate the discourse of resistance to MTR, and to identify possible spaces of resistance within which the subaltern discourse can challenge the power relations that continue to permit …

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Mercury Removal From Coal By Leaching With Sulfur Dioxide, Poornima Chateker Dec 2010

Mercury Removal From Coal By Leaching With Sulfur Dioxide, Poornima Chateker

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Mercury from coal-fired utilities has been identified as one of the most hazardous air pollutants and the greatest potential public health concern. Furthermore, it has a tendency to bio-accumulate in the food chain. Mercury is present in coal in concentration well below 1 ppm; however, the large tonnages of coal consumed for electric power generation represent a significant source of mercury vapor entering the environment. There are various technologies available to control the emission of mercury from coal-fired power plants. Among them activated carbon injection into the flue gas stream has been studied for many years and is considered to …

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A Field Evaluation Of Dust Palliatives In West Virginia, Kevin A. Butler Dec 2010

A Field Evaluation Of Dust Palliatives In West Virginia, Kevin A. Butler

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

It is estimated that a vehicle making a single pass on one mile of untreated, unpaved road every day can generate one ton of dust per year. This dust constitutes fine materials which act as a binder to the larger coarse aggregates within surface gravel. As these fines are removed, the surface deteriorates and expensive aggregate ends up along the roadside in ditches and culverts. The surface continually deteriorates until the road must be reconstructed. Furthermore, airborne dust presents serious safety concerns to traveling motorists and health concerns associated with respiratory illnesses. At the West Virginia Division of Highway's current …

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A Study On Physical Factors That May Influence The Spread And Occurrence Of Influenza, Kedar V. Panday Dec 2010

A Study On Physical Factors That May Influence The Spread And Occurrence Of Influenza, Kedar V. Panday

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Influenza is one of respiratory infections causing the highest morbidity and mortality rates. Every day tens of millions of people suffer from virus infection worldwide with varying severity and with a high economic impact. Influenza transmission from person to person occurs in various ways. This study is an attempt to understand airborne transmission in indoor locations by examining the relation between environmental parameters such as temperature and relative humidity with the number of influenza like illness (ILI) cases. It is proposed that the pattern of influenza activity is primarily a function of indoor relative humidity in temperate regions. This conclusion …

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Community College Department Chairs' Leadership Styles And Faculty Utilization Of Instructional Technology, Anastasia (Stacey) L. Boggs Dec 2010

Community College Department Chairs' Leadership Styles And Faculty Utilization Of Instructional Technology, Anastasia (Stacey) L. Boggs

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study explores the relationship between faculty utilization of instructional technology and the leadership style of mathematics and English academic department chairpersons in associate degree-granting community colleges in the states of Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. The degree to which instructional technology was utilized in teaching courses was determined through self reporting surveys answered via mail by the selected faculty and chairs in the study. The academic department chairpersons in mathematics and English departments at the selected community colleges were rated by their faculty to determine their leadership style, using the Bolman and Deal Leadership Orientations survey. The leadership styles consisted …

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Emissions Characterization And Particle Size Distribution From A Dpf-Equipped Diesel Truck Fueled With Biodiesel Blends, Idowu O. Olatunji Dec 2010

Emissions Characterization And Particle Size Distribution From A Dpf-Equipped Diesel Truck Fueled With Biodiesel Blends, Idowu O. Olatunji

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Biodiesel may be derived from either plant or animal sources, and is usually employed as a compression ignition fuel in a blend with petroleum diesel (PD). Emissions differences between vehicles operated on biodiesel blends and PD have been published previously, but data do not cover the latest engine technologies. Prior studies have shown that biodiesel offers advantages in reducing particulate matter, with either no advantage or a slight disadvantage for oxides of nitrogen emissions. Literature also suggests that diesel engine exhaust particle number emissions are dominated by nucleation mode particles (NMPs) if present, while the mass emissions are dominated by …

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