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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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The Natural Rate Of Unemployment, Its Estimation, And Evaluation Of Its Estimators., Victor Vyron Claar Jan 2000

The Natural Rate Of Unemployment, Its Estimation, And Evaluation Of Its Estimators., Victor Vyron Claar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation estimates a time series of the natural rate of unemployment via competing methods, and evaluates such methods both within sample and for forecasting purposes. The methods used include the Kalman and Hodrick-Prescott filters. Evaluation proceeds along two lines. First, a Phillips curve is used in order to assess how well deviations of actual inflation from expected inflation are explained by deviations of the actual unemployment rate from estimated natural rates within a given sample period. The evaluative criterion is the overall fit of each regression. The analysis indicates that the in-sample fit of the Phillips curve changes little …

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Study Of Human Head Impact: Brain Tissue Constitutive Models., Toru Aida Jan 2000

Study Of Human Head Impact: Brain Tissue Constitutive Models., Toru Aida

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Finite element (FE) models of the human head have been used extensively to assess engineering response parameters (pressure, shear strain, etc.) that constitute the basis of various injury criteria including the Head Injury Criterion (HIC). There is a wide range of brain material properties reported in the literature, and linear elastic models are frequently used for the brain tissue which is viscoelastic in nature. The uncertainty around the properties of brain tissue affects the perceived importance of those response parameters under consideration. In this research, the effect on head injury criteria of five reported viscoelastic brain models and their linear …

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Educators' Views Of Implementing Direct Instruction Curricula: Connections To Students With Disabilities., Brenda Wilson Jan 2000

Educators' Views Of Implementing Direct Instruction Curricula: Connections To Students With Disabilities., Brenda Wilson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to examine the process of the first year of implementation of Direct Instruction curricula as seen through the eyes of the educators implementing it. The study also attempted to determine if general educators' knowledge and use of Direct Instruction techniques while implementing a published curriculum would translate into more effective practices toward students with disabilities in the general education classroom. Seventeen teachers at a small rural elementary school were studied as they implemented Direct Instruction curricula for the first time. The teachers used the Reading Mastery, Corrective Reading and Language for Learning programs published …

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Appalachian Special Education Administrators: The Extent Of The Relationship Of Role Conflict And Role Ambiguity To Specific Dimensions Of Stress., Pamela Kay Kohner Jan 2000

Appalachian Special Education Administrators: The Extent Of The Relationship Of Role Conflict And Role Ambiguity To Specific Dimensions Of Stress., Pamela Kay Kohner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the extent of the relationship between the separate constructs of role conflict (RC) and role ambiguity (RA) with four dimensions of stress. A sampling of special education administrators from the Appalachian states of Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia participated. Demographic characteristics were combined with RC or RA's relationship to four dimensions of stress to determine if a predictive pattern could be identified. A return rate of 80% was attained from the 114 randomly selected participants. Role variables were examined with the Role Questionnaire (Rizzo, House, & Lirtzman, 1970). The Administrative Stress Index (ASI) (Gmelch & Torelli, …

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Mean Reversion In United States Stock Prices: A Panel Approach., Jeffrey Michael Gropp Jan 2000

Mean Reversion In United States Stock Prices: A Panel Approach., Jeffrey Michael Gropp

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The existence of market anomalies has long been recognized in the finance literature. Several studies have documented the effects of size, dividend yields, E/P ratios, book-to-market value ratios, turn of the year (January effect), investor overreaction, and mean reversion on market returns. Still, much controversy surrounds the existence of, and explanations for the observed market anomalies. In this dissertation, I attempt to overcome such difficulties in analyzing the existence of the market anomalies of investor overreaction and mean reversion, while providing recommendations for future research. In the first chapter of the dissertation I briefly discuss past research in the areas …

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The Effects Of Social Support On Men's Exercise-Related Cardiovascular Reactivity., Daniel Benjamin Hollander Jan 2000

The Effects Of Social Support On Men's Exercise-Related Cardiovascular Reactivity., Daniel Benjamin Hollander

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A predictor of cardiovascular disease is increased heart rate and blood pressure reactivity to physical tasks. One psychological factor that is associated with a reduced cardiac (i.e., heart rate) and vascular (blood pressure) reactivity has been social support. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of social support on exercise-related CV reactivity. It was hypothesized that participants would demonstrate lower CVR in the Partner Present condition than in the Alone condition and that level of intimacy would be related to CVR. Male participants (N = 32) who were in an enduring romantic relationship (i.e., minimum duration …

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A Qualitative Analysis Of The Socialization Factors Experienced By Induction Phase Physical Education Teachers From One University., Derek Jason Mohr Jan 2000

A Qualitative Analysis Of The Socialization Factors Experienced By Induction Phase Physical Education Teachers From One University., Derek Jason Mohr

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A topic of considerable interest in the educational research community is the process of learning to teach and the role that socialization plays in that process. Numerous educational researchers have focused their attention on examining these processes (e.g., Doyle, 1985; Graham, French, & Woods, 1993; Lawson, 1988; Schempp & Graber, 1992). Recent investigative approaches have attempted to broaden the perspective for viewing and interpreting teacher development, and socialization factors in addition to field experiences and student teaching have been examined (Graham, Hohn, Werner, & Woods, 1993; Widden, Mayer-Smith, & Moon, 1998; Woods & Earls, 1995). The purpose of this study …

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Where The Stranger Bides: Resisting America With The Autobiographical Word., Lisa N. Muir Jan 2000

Where The Stranger Bides: Resisting America With The Autobiographical Word., Lisa N. Muir

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The recent republication of the works of Anzia Yezierska and Rose Cohen, as well as the first ever publications of the autobiographies of Bella Spewack and Rachel Cohen, demonstrate the current interest in the autobiographical experiences of turn-of-the-century female immigrant writers. These women were not politicos of the Progressive Era, nor were they literary revolutionaries in the stricter sense of writing against a patriarchal literary environment. Instead, these women pay particular attention to how ethnicity was constructed for them by cultural attitudes existing outside the text. Their autobiographical works confirm for the diverse readers of today that ethnicity is not …

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Cognitive -Affective, Behavioral, And Physiological Response In Injury Among Competitive Athletes., R Renee Newcomer Jan 2000

Cognitive -Affective, Behavioral, And Physiological Response In Injury Among Competitive Athletes., R Renee Newcomer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Injured athletes' psychological distress has been explored using a stress-response paradigm and through a variety of research methodologies. Despite growing interest in psychophysiological stress-response research (Gatchel, 1997), physiological features of psychological distress have not yet been explored among injured athletes (Flint, 1998). Psychological distress has been associated with delayed healing among other medical populations (Kiecolt-Glaser, Page, Marucha, MacCallum, & Glaser, 1998), and physiological features of distress have lead to increased reports of a variety of health-related problems (Baum, Gatchel, & Krantz, 1997). The present research consists of two studies designed to validate preliminary reports and advance current knowledge regarding the …

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Computerized Training Methods: Effects On Retention And Rate Of Responding., Finnur Oddsson Jan 2000

Computerized Training Methods: Effects On Retention And Rate Of Responding., Finnur Oddsson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this dissertation was to evaluate the difference between two methods for presenting training stimuli, Single- and Multi-trials procedures. The former presents one stimulus in a single workspace and the latter presents many stimuli. Experiment 1 attempted to explain why Multi-trial methods sustain higher rates of responding than Single-trials. The results showed that the primary reason for the high rates of responding to Multi-trials is the presence of multiple stimuli, which allow subjects to read ahead to a consecutive stimulus while responding to a previous one. Experiment 2 evaluated the generality of the findings of previous research that …

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The Law And Order Presidency., Willard Mark Oliver Jan 2000

The Law And Order Presidency., Willard Mark Oliver

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The theory of presidential influence over public opinion is used to predict the impact of presidential time and attention focused on crime on the public's concern for crime as the “most important problem facing the country.” The more attention presidents give to the issue of crime, the more concerned the public becomes with crime. The study addresses the assumptions of the hypothesis by first assessing the history of presidential involvement in crime control policy; second, by delineating reasons why presidents have become involved in such policies; and, finally, by articulating the means presidents have available in order to engage in …

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The Development And Validation Of Science Learning Inventory (Sli): A Conceptual Change Framework., Mehdi Seyedmonir Jan 2000

The Development And Validation Of Science Learning Inventory (Sli): A Conceptual Change Framework., Mehdi Seyedmonir

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A multidimensional theoretical model, Conceptual Change Science Learning (CCSL), was developed based on Standard Model of Conceptual Change and Cognitive Reconstruction of Knowledge Model. The model addresses three main components of science learning, namely the learner's conceptual ecology, the message along with its social context, and the cognitive engagement. A learner's conceptual ecology is organized around three clusters, including epistemological beliefs, existing conceptions, and motivation. Learner's cognitive engagement is represented by a continuum from peripheral processing involving shallow cognitive engagement to central processing involving deep cognitive engagement. Through reciprocal, non-sequential interactions of such constructs, the learners' conceptual change is achieved. …

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Java Challenge Software Project, Karuna Annavajjala Dec 1999

Java Challenge Software Project, Karuna Annavajjala

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Programming contests are a means of exploiting the problem solving capabilities of developers and they provide a forum for display of extraordinary programming skills. The Java Challenge (JC) Software Project is the saga of creating an automated, secure and responsive programming contest system for deployment on the Internet and to collect information about programming practices, habits, and trends in coding in such restricted environment. The methodology followed to design, implement, and evaluate such a system uses new technologies such as the WWW, mail filtering and sandboxing techniques. The current Java Challenge implementation runs the Java Challenge on a Solaris 2.6 …

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Regressive Model Approach To The Generation Of Test Trajectories, Brian James Taylor Dec 1999

Regressive Model Approach To The Generation Of Test Trajectories, Brian James Taylor

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

One possible method of reliability assurance is the application of large testing sets upon a system via statistical reliability assessment. Under this method, a software system's operations are tested according to their actual usage. A problem with this approach is the large number of tests required to properly assess reliability. Complicating the process are situations where an input into the system is a trajectory of data, where a trajectory is defined as a series of data points with each point relying upon the previous points. Examples of trajectories of data include an airplane's flight path or data describing a nuclear …

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Explanatory Models Of Chronic Pain, Elizabeth Neely Thrush Dec 1999

Explanatory Models Of Chronic Pain, Elizabeth Neely Thrush

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Chronic pain is described as pain that persists for six months or longer. This type of pain may range from dull to excruciating and may be constant or sporadic. The purpose of this study was to explore the explanatory models of individuals living in chronic pain. The study sample included twelve adults, eleven women and one man, who have been diagnosed with the chronic pain condition Fibromyalgia. Using Arthur Kleinman's explanatory models as a framework, participants were personally interviewed regarding the physical, personal, and social causes and consequences of chronic pain. In order to elicit personal explanatory models, each participant …

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Development Of A Method For Calculation Of Cardiac Output Using Doppler Ultrasound, Amit Diggikar Dec 1999

Development Of A Method For Calculation Of Cardiac Output Using Doppler Ultrasound, Amit Diggikar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cardiac output is the amount of blood pumped by the heart in one minute. The Doppler effect can be used to measure cardiac output by measuring the peak frequency, which is directly proportional to the velocity of blood flowing in the aorta, associated with the Doppler shift signal when an ultrasound beam is incident on the aorta. Stroke volume is the product of the cross sectional area of the aorta and the integration of peak velocity over time. Stroke volume times the heart rate is the cardiac output. This project attempts to develop an algorithm that would automatically calculates the …

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Experimental Investigation Of Ion Temperature Anisotropy Driven Instabilities In A High Beta Plasma, Paul Arthur Keiter Dec 1999

Experimental Investigation Of Ion Temperature Anisotropy Driven Instabilities In A High Beta Plasma, Paul Arthur Keiter

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The first measurements of an ion temperature anisotropy/beta inverse correlation in a high beta laboratory experiment are presented. The observation of this correlation is similar to such a correlation present in in-situ spacecraft measurements and predicted in theory. Low-frequency fluctuations are also observed. According to measurements presented here, these waves are electromagnetic, transverse, occur at frequencies below the cyclotron frequency and have wavenumbers consistent with predictions for the ion cyclotron anisotropy instability, also referred to as the Alfven Ion-Cyclotron instability. The device is a space simulation chamber that uses a helicon source for its plasma source. Ranges of ion beta …

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Oocyte Morphology And Estrogen Concentrations Following A Reduction In Progesterone In Beef Cattle, Robert A. Taft Jr. Dec 1999

Oocyte Morphology And Estrogen Concentrations Following A Reduction In Progesterone In Beef Cattle, Robert A. Taft Jr.

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Low dosages of progestogens promote persistent follicles, high systemic estrogen and low fertility. The objectives of this study were to determine effects of a reduction in progesterone on (1) morphology of oocytes and intrafollicular concentrations of estradiol. Cows on low progesterone (n = 12) received used intravaginal progesterone inserts on d 4 after estrus and prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha (25 mg, i.m.) on d 6. Control animals (n = 12) received saline on d 6. The oocyte and follicular fluid were recovered from the largest follicle on d 8 or d 10.;Serum estradiol was lower during d 4--6 but greater (P < .01) during d 7--10 in cows treated with progesterone inserts and PGF 2alpha while the largest follicle was larger in treated cows on day 10 only (14 vs. 12 mm; P < .05). Intrafollicular concentrations of estrogen were greater in treated than in control cows (990 +/- 87 vs 191 +/- 106; P < .01). Progesterone in follicular fluid (mean = 42 ng/ml) did not differ. Oocytes were observed in oocyte nuclear stage I in the control group on d 8. All other oocytes were in nuclear stage II. In addition, the degree of clumping of mitochondria, the percentage of intact cumulus cell processes and percentage of normally shaped mitochondria was greater in oocytes from d 8 control cows than in all other groups.;Changes in concentrations of estradiol and oocyte morphology typically associated with the preovulatory period had occurred within 2 d after a reduction in progesterone, even when low peripheral concentrations of progesterone were maintained. These earliest stages of oocyte maturation occurred in response to a reduction in progesterone. Similar changes in oocyte morphology were observed in control animals by d 10 of the estrous cycle, probably representing the onset of atresia.

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Milk Allergy/Intolerance In Infancy And Cognitive Functioning, Tina M. Yost Dec 1999

Milk Allergy/Intolerance In Infancy And Cognitive Functioning, Tina M. Yost

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examines the relationship between a history of milk A/I in infancy and intelligence in later childhood. Participants included 74 male and female children ages 3 years to 12 years, referred for psychological evaluation. Background information gathered from the primary caregiver included history of milk A/I in infancy. The Wechsler Scales of Intelligence provided information on the participants level of cognitive functioning. Findings were significant for both ANOVA and chi square analysis, with children in Group One (milk A/I) demonstrating lower IQ scores than children in Group Two (no milk A/I). The findings also suggest a relationship between milk …

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Characterization Of Particulate Matter And Hydrocarbon Emissions From In-Use Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines, Aleksandar Djordje Bugarski Dec 1999

Characterization Of Particulate Matter And Hydrocarbon Emissions From In-Use Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines, Aleksandar Djordje Bugarski

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

A continued increase in the use of diesel engines in heavy-duty vehicles, and the uncertainties about the effects of the emissions on human health have focused attention on risk assessments of exposure to the diesel exhaust. The characterization of diesel particulate matter (PM) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions is the primary objective toward assessing potential health hazard. The dependence of DPM nature on engine/vehicle operating conditions, fuel type, different after treatment processes, and measurement process on the size resolved PM emissions was examined by operating the test engines and vehicles under steady-state and transient conditions. The regional deposition of DPM in …

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Designing And Modeling A Torque And Speed Control Transmission (Tsct), John Allen Anderson Dec 1999

Designing And Modeling A Torque And Speed Control Transmission (Tsct), John Allen Anderson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Near term Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) generally employ current automotive transmissions. These automatic and manual transmissions are based on designs that are many years old. These older transmission designs do not allow multiple power inputs/outputs to be connected to the transmission. These types of designs significantly limit the flexibility in terms of overall function and component packaging for hybrid vehicles. This study was conducted to determine the feasibility of creating a transmission for hybrid vehicle applications with multiple power inputs/outputs.;The Torque and Speed Control Transmission (TSCT) is a combination of a planetary geartrain and a Continuously Variable Transmission (CVT). By …

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Data Mining Oipea Database For Waste And Productivity Enhancements In Manufacturing Units, Jaison John Ipe Dec 1999

Data Mining Oipea Database For Waste And Productivity Enhancements In Manufacturing Units, Jaison John Ipe

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Small and medium-sized manufacturing plants (those with fewer than 500 employees) represent more than 98 percent of the more than 374,000 establishments in the U.S. manufacturing industry, 64 percent of employees in the total manufacturing labor force, and more than 42 percent of total manufacturing energy consumption.;In 1976 the federal government started funding industrial energy audits for small and medium sized manufacturing firms under the auspices of the Industrial Assessment Centers (IAC) that are spread throughout the U.S. The data collected from the hundreds of energy audits that are conducted each year is collected in a database maintained by the …

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Modeling And Simulation Of Selected Distributed Generation Sources And Their Assessment, Ju-Chirl Park Dec 1999

Modeling And Simulation Of Selected Distributed Generation Sources And Their Assessment, Ju-Chirl Park

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The models of small turbine generators (i.e. a combustion turbine, a diesel engine, etc), that are used for distributed generation will be obtained as dynamic. Also, the detailed synchronous machine and the excitation system model are obtained for the standard simulation. The simulation will be performed with an infinite bus system model. The synchronous machine is connected with a local load in order to develop the terminal voltage, avoiding the differentiation.;In order to use fuel cells and solar cells, which are new forms of technology, have the potential to reduce costs, and can be used for the DG in the …

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Probability Analysis Of Slope Stability, Jennifer Lynn Peterson Dec 1999

Probability Analysis Of Slope Stability, Jennifer Lynn Peterson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The ability of geotechnical engineers to accurately model slope performance is compromised by a variety of factors. The net result of these considerations is that the exact behavior of slopes cannot be accurately predicted. Hence, geotechnical engineers resort to a factor of safety approach to reduce the risk of slope failure. However, the factor of safety approach cannot quantify the probability of failure, or level of risk, associated with a particular design situation.;A probabilistic approach to studying geotechnical issues offers a systematic way to treat uncertainties, especially slope stability. In terms of probability, uncertainties can be related quantitatively to the …

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Study Of The Kalman Filter For Arrhythmia Detection With Intracardiac Electrograms, Pisut Raphisak Dec 1999

Study Of The Kalman Filter For Arrhythmia Detection With Intracardiac Electrograms, Pisut Raphisak

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Third generation implantable antitachycardia devices offer tiered-therapy to reverse ventricular fibrillation (VF) by defibrillation and ventricular tachycardia (VT) by low-energy cardioversion or antitachycardia pacing. The schemes for detecting cardiac arrhythmias often realize nonpathologic tachycardia as serious arrhythmias and deliver false shocks. In this study, an arrhythmia classification technique has been developed with the use of Kalman filter applied on cyclostationary autoregressive model. This new algorithm was developed with a training set of 24 arrhythmia passages and tested on a different data set of 29 arrhythmia passages. The algorithm provides 100% detection of VF on the test set. 77.8% of VTs …

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Field Analysis And Design Of A Moving Iron Linear Alternator For Use With Linear Engine, Dulpichet Rerkpreedapong Dec 1999

Field Analysis And Design Of A Moving Iron Linear Alternator For Use With Linear Engine, Dulpichet Rerkpreedapong

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The previous research at West Virginia University has developed a permanent magnet linear alternator and linear combustion engine for testing and studying the performance. In this prototype, magnets are part of the moving part.;This research will present a new type of linear alternator with permanent magnets installed on stationary called Moving Iron Linear Alternator (MILA). MILA offers several advantages over other types such as rugged structure, and low cost production. First, MILA will be designed for use with the existing linear engine. An optimization methodology will be applied to obtain optimal design parameters. Next, a MILA model will be created …

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Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study Of The Stability And Conformation Of Spin-Probe Labeled Dnas, Eva Darian Dec 1999

Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study Of The Stability And Conformation Of Spin-Probe Labeled Dnas, Eva Darian

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Nitroxide based spin-probes, observable by ESR, have been used to study protein structure and protein-substrate interactions. More recently, spin-probe labeled DNAs have been introduced to study its structure and dynamics. Molecular modeling has proven to be an increasingly powerful tool for studying structure and dynamics of biologically interesting, molecules. As part of our work, we have conducted molecular dynamics simulations on both double-stranded (ds) and triple-stranded or triplex (tx) spin-probe labeled DNAs for comparison with unmodified ones and to design new probes. Nitroxide spin-labeled analogue of thymidine in which the methyl group is replaced by an acetylene-tethered nitroxide (T*) was …

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Geophysical Investigations Of Near-Surface Mine Sites In Northern West Virginia, Peter E. Fahringer Dec 1999

Geophysical Investigations Of Near-Surface Mine Sites In Northern West Virginia, Peter E. Fahringer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The production of acid mine drainage (AMD) from surface and underground coal mine sites in northern West Virginia is a major environmental problem and continues to receive much attention in affected communities. Reclamation efforts at these sites often require extensive and costly treatments and are based on limited subsurface information. Use of geophysical techniques to characterize these sites, monitor remedial efforts, and provide additional subsurface information is evaluated in this study. Terrain conductivity (EM31 and EM34) grids as well as resistivity and magnetic profiles were collected at a mine spoil and two abandoned underground mine sites in northern West Virginia. …

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Multiple Data Set Integration And Gis Techniques Used To Investigate Linear Structural Controls In The Southern Powder River Basin, Wyoming, Heath Patrick Rasco Dec 1999

Multiple Data Set Integration And Gis Techniques Used To Investigate Linear Structural Controls In The Southern Powder River Basin, Wyoming, Heath Patrick Rasco

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Lineaments in the Powder River Basin were mapped and categorized from Landsat TM imagery, a Digital Elevation Model (30 m), and Digital Line Graph (DLG) hydrology files. A GIS program was written using DLG information to eliminate those lineaments that were within 20° of roads and railroads. The DLG and DEM information was further used to stratify the topographic lineaments into slope-breaks, ridge-tops, or valleys. Rose diagrams created for each class of lineaments give important clues on the timing of their formation. The major northwest and northeast trends that these lineaments follow appear to correspond with those identified by previous …

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Effects Of Turbidity On The Foraging Abilities Of Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) And Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus Dolomieu), John A. Sweka Dec 1999

Effects Of Turbidity On The Foraging Abilities Of Brook Trout (Salvelinus Fontinalis) And Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus Dolomieu), John A. Sweka

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Sedimentation is the major pollutant of waters in North America. Most research on the effects of increased sedimentation has focussed on its effects on stream habitat and its ramification on the reproductive potential of fish. Although relatively large sediment loads may be necessary to alter stream habitat, only small loads are needed to raise mean stream turbidity levels. Turbidity may be an important, yet relatively unexamined factor in stream fish production. With this, I sought to determine the influence of elevated turbidity on the foraging abilities of two predatory species representing both cold and warm water stream habitas, brook trout …

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