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Essays On The Effects Of State And Local Public Policy: Gasoline Taxes, Clean Indoor Air Regulations, And Gross Receipts Taxes., Randall A. Childs
Essays On The Effects Of State And Local Public Policy: Gasoline Taxes, Clean Indoor Air Regulations, And Gross Receipts Taxes., Randall A. Childs
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation is a collection of essays examining the secondary effects of state and local public policies. The first chapter provides an introduction and outlines the research agenda for the dissertation. Chapter 2 analyzes the effects of the gasoline unit and ad valorem excise taxes on consumption of gasoline by grade. The results show that, while the unit excise tax can cause consumers to substitute toward higher quality (higher octane) gasoline, the opposite effect can also occur as prices rise and the income effect outweighs the substitution effect. Chapter 3 examines the effects of clean indoor air regulations on employment …
Development Of Criteria And Indicators For Evaluating Forest-Based Ecotourism Destinations: A Delphi Study., Maureen Young Bender
Development Of Criteria And Indicators For Evaluating Forest-Based Ecotourism Destinations: A Delphi Study., Maureen Young Bender
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study is to 1) identify and develop criteria and indicators for forestbased ecotourism in West Virginia based on the input of academic experts in the field as well as nature-based tour operators, 2) compare similarities and differences between the two groups utilizing Spearman’s statistic and 3) create a point evaluation system. The study was conducted through two rounds of the Delphi method. E-mailed and mailed self-complete questionnaires were distributed among the participants. They were asked to rate the importance level of criteria and indicators using a Likert scale. In addition, the participants were asked to rank …
Urban Tree Phenology: A Comparative Study Between New York City And Ithaca, New York., Ishwar Dhami
Urban Tree Phenology: A Comparative Study Between New York City And Ithaca, New York., Ishwar Dhami
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Studies on phenology have demonstrated that "Global warming" effect is influencing vegetation phenological processes. In order to accurately predict how climate warming affects vegetation phenology, a clear understanding of vegetation phenology and its relationship to temperature is needed. Although finding the effects of global warming on phenology across larger areas is difficult, heat island phenomena associated with urbanized area presents a unique place to investigate the local effect of warming on phenology. Thus, this study looked at the response of trees to increasing temperatures by comparing the phenological patterns of trees in a highly urbanized New York City (NYC) and …
Kepler's Method: The Conjoining Of Theoretical And Empirical Science., Marc M. Mezzina
Kepler's Method: The Conjoining Of Theoretical And Empirical Science., Marc M. Mezzina
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Johannes Kepler was a mathematician that changed the way that science was conceived and practiced in the early seventeenth century. Kepler’s method of scientific inquiry consisted of the joining of the theoretical aspects of astronomy with the solid empirical proof provided by observations. Kepler’s method would lead him to the discovery of his three laws of planetary motion, as well as change the fundamental questions asked by the subject of astronomy. This is a look in the method employed by Kepler throughout his most significant scientific works.
Class Iii Camouflage Treatment: A Retrospective Study., Nikia R. Burns
Class Iii Camouflage Treatment: A Retrospective Study., Nikia R. Burns
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The developing skeletal Class III malocclusion is one of the most challenging problems confronting the practicing orthodontist. Early orthopedic intervention can be effective in normalizing skeletal Class III malocclusions if patients are treated in a timely manner. However, there are a significant group of patients who either do not have the opportunity to receive early treatment or are corrected during childhood and relapse during the adolescent growth spurt. In addition, there are a large number of skeletal Class III patients that either decline or cannot afford surgical treatment. The only alternative is orthodontic camouflage through comprehensive treatment with fixed appliances. …
The View From The Border: A Study Of Gender And Women's Rights In West Virginia During The Age Of Emancipation., Allison Fredette
The View From The Border: A Study Of Gender And Women's Rights In West Virginia During The Age Of Emancipation., Allison Fredette
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
On June 20, 1863, the Wheeling Intelligencer proclaimed, “This day ushers into being the new State of West Virginia, and adds the thirty fifth star to the constellation of the American Union. To-day is the beginning of a new order of things with us here. The old Government goes out and the new one comes in.”1 With their final break from the eastern Virginia elite, West Virginians accepted a new set of laws to govern the new state and its citizens. These laws reflected West Virginia’s status as a border state, adapting from the Virginia code as well as a …
The Design Of An Expert System To Aid In The Selection Of A Wood Fired Boiler System., Melissa L. Morris
The Design Of An Expert System To Aid In The Selection Of A Wood Fired Boiler System., Melissa L. Morris
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Currently most industrial and institutional facilities rely on fossil fuels to power their boiler systems. As the quantity of these non-renewable resources is depleted, and the demand for them continues to exist their cost is expected to rise in the future, making alternative fuels economical. This work discusses the development of an expert system to help the operators of such facilities examine the feasibility of implementing a wood fired boiler system. The expert system software acquires information about the current facility via user input and uses that information to determine the optimal boiler type and size. The system also examines …
The Development Of A Rotator Cuff Evaluation Tool For The Throwing Athlete., David Keith Pryor
The Development Of A Rotator Cuff Evaluation Tool For The Throwing Athlete., David Keith Pryor
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Context: Rotator cuff pathologies are common in baseball and softball. The diagnosis of rotator cuff injuries can be difficult to obtain due to the number of pathological conditions that affect the rotator cuff. While current rotator cuff evaluation techniques are used based on best clinical practice or evidence based research, no comprehensive evaluation tool exists that combines these two ideas. Objective: The purpose of this study is to create a concise, comprehensive rotator cuff evaluation tool for a throwing athlete, specifically a baseball or softball player, that includes evidence based research and best clinical practice. Design: The study is a …
The Effect Of Genotype, Choice-Feeding And Season On Organically-Reared Broilers Fed Diets Devoid Of Synthetic Methionine., Amanda L. Rack
The Effect Of Genotype, Choice-Feeding And Season On Organically-Reared Broilers Fed Diets Devoid Of Synthetic Methionine., Amanda L. Rack
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
In light of the impending ban on synthetic methionine in organic poultry diets, researchers have focused on finding alternative strategies to supply this amino acid. The objectives of this study were to assess performance and carcass characteristics of broilers fed diets devoid of synthetic methionine using 1) a slow-growing and fast-growing genotype, 2) choice-feeding management, and 3) pasture access and seasonal variation. Inclusion of fish meal and high percentages of soybean meal enabled the specific genotype methionine requirement to be met. All diets were certified organic. Slowgrowing broilers (Gourmet Black) were raised from 1-84 days, and fast-growing broilers (Cobb 500) …
Cultural Assimilation, Appropriation And Commercialization: Authenticity In Rap Music, 1997-2004., Jonathan P. Tummons
Cultural Assimilation, Appropriation And Commercialization: Authenticity In Rap Music, 1997-2004., Jonathan P. Tummons
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis examines the changes in authenticity in rap lyrics between 1997 and 2004. Throughout its American history, Black music has expressed the lived experiences, the psychological realities, of Africans in diaspora and has always functioned to help create, negotiate and maintain cultural identity or “Blackness”. Within the last 20 years, rap music has undergone a tremendous amount of commercialization and appropriation by capitalistic culture industries and their largely white consumer base which has resulted in the widespread assimilation of black cultural expression into popular (white) culture. Rap artists increasingly invoke their authenticity as a way of preserving their cultural …
West Virginia Agricultural Education Teachers' Perceptions On Involving Students With Exceptionalities In Agricultural Classrooms And Laboratories., Ashley D. Watts
West Virginia Agricultural Education Teachers' Perceptions On Involving Students With Exceptionalities In Agricultural Classrooms And Laboratories., Ashley D. Watts
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to examine West Virginia Agricultural Education Teachers perceptions on involving students with exceptionalities in agricultural classrooms and laboratories. This study examined whether teachers felt confident, well-prepared, and if other students interact well with students with exceptionalities. This study also sought to determine if agricultural teachers felt they had adequate training to work with students with exceptionalities or if additional training was needed. The majority of teachers agreed that including students with exceptionalities in the classroom fosters understanding for diverse populations. A majority of teachers have seen an increase in students with exceptionalities in their …
Building Better Software: The Applicability Of A Professional Tool For Automating Quality Assessment And Fault Detection., Justin S. Di Stefano
Building Better Software: The Applicability Of A Professional Tool For Automating Quality Assessment And Fault Detection., Justin S. Di Stefano
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The size of software applications is growing. It is no longer possible to achieve full coverage in pre-release testing, and in many cases it is not even possible to provide significant partial coverage. Automatic methods such as formal modeling are a possible solution, but they are far too expensive to apply to every piece of developed code. Static code defect detectors provide a solid and dependable means for selecting high risk sections of code for more expensive review, such as formal modeling or manual inspection. Historically, static code defect detectors have been vilified in academic and industrial domains on the …
The Development Of A Portable Instrumented Indentation System., Jared Michael Tannenbaum
The Development Of A Portable Instrumented Indentation System., Jared Michael Tannenbaum
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Recently, considerable interest in material characterization of thin film systems and small volumes has led to the increased use of instrumented indentation. Capable of providing a material’s hardness and elastic modulus value, many consider instrumented indentation to be a non destructive testing technique. Traditionally, the indentation contact area is calculated based on the known indenter geometry and depth of penetration. This technique employs the use of high precision depth sensors which account for much of the cost associated with instrumented indentation systems. A multiple partial unloading technique needs no such sensor, as the indentation depth itself is not needed. A …
Classroom Environment And Its Effect On Student Achievement In A 3rd Grade Mathematics Classroom: An Autoethnographic Study., Darlene R. Voorhees
Classroom Environment And Its Effect On Student Achievement In A 3rd Grade Mathematics Classroom: An Autoethnographic Study., Darlene R. Voorhees
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Student achievement in mathematics is a concern of policy-makers as well as those who teach the subject. Due to concern regarding lagging mathematical achievement in the United States that began with a series of events that include the launch of Sputnik in the 1950s, the federal report A Nation At Risk, and the Third International Mathematics and Science Study have sparked a fervent desire for school children to succeed and compete mathematically with our global neighbors. Although policy-makers are striving to improve educational practices of mathematics by formulating curriculum plans to foster mathematical achievement and a joy of mathematics, one …
Which: A Stochastic Best-First Search Learner., Zachery A. Milton
Which: A Stochastic Best-First Search Learner., Zachery A. Milton
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Rule-based learners search a version space of combinations of features. Starting at “false”, features can be added using disjunctions, conjunctions and negations which can combine to some top-most “true” node that covers all possible examples. A complete search of all possible combinations can be too slow, due to the size of the space, or too error prone, due to noise in the space. When complete search fails, stochastic search may be a useful alternative. For example, the TAR3 “treatment learner” is a stochastic rule learner that leaps around random parts of the version space. TAR favors the construction of tiny …
Effects Of Aggregate Grading And Admixtures/Fillers On Fresh And Hardened Properties Of Self-Consolidating Concrete, Arka Bhattacharya
Effects Of Aggregate Grading And Admixtures/Fillers On Fresh And Hardened Properties Of Self-Consolidating Concrete, Arka Bhattacharya
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) is becoming a popular material in the concrete industry, due to ease of placement in congested reinforcement, reduced labor and equipment, nonsegregating character, and excellent surface finish. In spite of its several advantages, SCC is exceedingly sensitive to aggregate grading, size, admixtures, and filler contents. Though many studies have been conducted on rheological behavior of SCC, there is limited information on effects of aggregate size, grading, mineral admixture types, and fillers on durability, shrinkage and cracking properties.;In this study 17 SCC mixtures were initially developed using local aggregates, fly ash, slag, limestone fillers, commercial silica fume, viscosity-modifying …
Leadership And Organizational Culture Transformation In Professional Sport, Joe Frontiera
Leadership And Organizational Culture Transformation In Professional Sport, Joe Frontiera
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Schein (1992) defined organizational culture as "a pattern of shared basic assumptions that the group learned as it solved its problems of external adaptation and internal integration" (p. 12), and organizational culture has long been recognized as a moderator to performance in business (Baalthazard, Cooke, & Potter, 2006; Kotter & Heskett, 1992; Smerek & Denison, 2007). The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the phenomena of organizational culture change in professional sport (National Basketball Association, Major League Baseball, and National Football League). Of the 32 teams that met criteria for inclusion, six agreed to participate. Specifically, leaders (owners …
Perceived Preparedness Of Graduate Assistant Novice Approved Clinical Instructors For Supervision Of Undergraduate Athletic Training Students, Christopher M. Pircher
Perceived Preparedness Of Graduate Assistant Novice Approved Clinical Instructors For Supervision Of Undergraduate Athletic Training Students, Christopher M. Pircher
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Context. Athletic training clinical education has gone through reform since the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE) has become the accrediting body of the profession. The amount of time that an undergraduate athletic training student has in the clinical education setting is very valuable to their development as a certified athletic trainer (ATC) and possibly as an approved clinical instructor (ACI). Therefore, the preparedness of the approved clinical instructor is very crucial. Objective. The purpose of the study is to determine the perceived preparedness of graduate assistant novice ACIs in the supervision of undergraduate ATSs in clinical education. …
Focal Adhesion Kinase Mediates Caveolin-1 Expression During Epithelial To Mesenchymal Transition: A Novel Pathway Regulating Aspects Of Cell Motility In Cancer., Kelly M. Bailey
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Caveolin-1, the protein coat of caveolae membrane invaginations, was originally hypothesized to function solely as a tumor suppressor in human cancers. However, since the early 1990s, caveolin-1 has been found to be up-regulated in a number of metastatic cancers. This expression has been shown to correlate with disease progression and decreases in overall patient survival in some tumor types. Further, caveolin-1 expression is elevated in multi-drug resistant cancer cells and caveolae are thought to participate in the efflux pathway to pump drugs out of these tumor cells. The overall goal of these studies was to examine changes in and regulation …
Rhetorics Of Pain And Desire: The Writings Of The Middle English Mystics., Marisa A. Klages
Rhetorics Of Pain And Desire: The Writings Of The Middle English Mystics., Marisa A. Klages
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation, Rhetorics of Pain and Desire: The Writings of the Middle English Mystics, seeks to explore the connections between desire and pain in the writings of Richard Rolle, Julian of Norwich, Margery Kempe and Walter Hilton. All four writers develop a rhetoric that allows them to use pain and/or desire as a catalyst through which their writing becomes embodied. This embodied rhetoric serves the purpose of achieving union with God, while instructing others in the art of fusing the body, pain and desire into the ultimate conduit for divine contemplation. In each chapter, the development of each writer's authority …
A Case Study Of Two Schools' Inclusion Practices In Elementary Physical Education., David G. Lorenzi
A Case Study Of Two Schools' Inclusion Practices In Elementary Physical Education., David G. Lorenzi
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This qualitative case study examined the process for including students with disabilities in elementary physical education settings. Specifically, effective teaching skills, environmental factors, and differences between an experienced and a novice elementary physical education teacher as they pertain to inclusion were examined. Data were collected over a two month period via field-based observations and semi-structured interviews. The case study participants included an experienced elementary physical education teacher (29 years teaching experience), a novice elementary physical education teacher (first year teaching physical education full-time), two elementary school principals, a special education teacher, and a director of special education. All participants were …
State Economic Policy And Development In Kenya: A Study Of African Entrepreneurship In Kisii Township And Its Environs, 1930-1978, Kennedy Mokaya Moindi
State Economic Policy And Development In Kenya: A Study Of African Entrepreneurship In Kisii Township And Its Environs, 1930-1978, Kennedy Mokaya Moindi
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study explores African initiatives in the small scale business sector within Kisii town and the larger region of Gusiiland in the period from 1930 to 1978. Despite the transition to a market economy with the onset of colonial rule at the end of 19th Century, African participation in trading activities within Kisii town and other market centers had remained minimal up to 1930. The slow integration of Gusiiland into mainstream colonial economic production before the 1930s was mainly attributed to its relative geographical isolation from major centers of economic production in Kenya together with the violent nature that characterized …
Application Of A Reflective Optical Probe To Measure Solids Fractions In A Circulating Fluidized Bed, Steven M. Seachman
Application Of A Reflective Optical Probe To Measure Solids Fractions In A Circulating Fluidized Bed, Steven M. Seachman
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A novel method of extracting localized solids volume fractions from reflective multi-fiber optical probes was developed. The fiber optic probes were originally designed by Vector Scientific, Inc. to measure local solids velocities. The probe measures reflected light from a particle medium which is converted into a voltage. Development of this new method yields two valuable solid flow parameters from a single probe system. The method involves a formulated model with empirical calibrations and three physical bases. The three physical bases are the Conservation Law, Beer-Lambert's Law, and the reflected light intensity from the particle medium. A novel bed depth calibration …
User Habitation In Keystroke Dynamics Based Authentication, Qi Cheng
User Habitation In Keystroke Dynamics Based Authentication, Qi Cheng
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Most computer systems use usernames and passwords for authentication and access control. For long, password security has been framed as a tradeoff between user experience and password security. Trading off one for the other appears to be an inevitable dilemma for single password based security applications. As a new biometric for authenticating access, keystroke dynamics offers great promises in hardening the password mechanism. Our research first investigate the keystroke dynamics based password security by conducting an incremental study on user's habituation process for keystroke dynamics analysis using two distinct types of passwords. The study shows that (1) long and complex …
Determination Of The Nutritional Value, Protein Quality And Safety Of Krill Protein Concentrate Isolated Using An Isolelectric Solubilization/Precipitation Technique, Joseph Christopher Gigliotti
Determination Of The Nutritional Value, Protein Quality And Safety Of Krill Protein Concentrate Isolated Using An Isolelectric Solubilization/Precipitation Technique, Joseph Christopher Gigliotti
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Despite its abundance and nutritional value, krill has not been widely utilized for human consumption due to the lack of proper technology for protein recovery. The study objectives were to isolate krill protein concentrate (KPC) and to determine the nutritional value, health benefits, and safety of KPC for human consumption. Proximate analysis indicated KPC on a dry basis is composed of ∼78% protein and ∼8% fat of which ∼27% are omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (o-3 PUFAs). The amino acid composition of KPC indicated that all nine essential amino acids were present in amounts that met the requirements for adult humans …
Use Of Native Seed Mixtures To Improve Erosion Control And Wildlife Habitat On Log Landings Following Timber Harvest In The Upper Elk Watershed Of West Virginia, Lisa R. Tager
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Foresters in West Virginia follow BMP guidelines by reseeding retired log landings with inexpensive grasses that quickly provide erosion control. However, these grasses typically are not native nor do they provide high quality forage for wildlife. I developed 3 native seed mixtures for log landing reclamation that would maintain sediment control, as well as enhance wildlife habitat. These mixtures included an erosion control mixture, a wildlife mixture, and a wildflower mixture. I assessed sediment control, biomass production, vegetation structure, forage quality, and small mammal usage of my native mixtures and a commonly used, nonnative traditional mixture in 2005 and 2006. …
Selected Topics In Video Coding And Computer Vision, Congxia Dai
Selected Topics In Video Coding And Computer Vision, Congxia Dai
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Video applications ranging from multimedia communication to computer vision have been extensively studied in the past decades. However, the emergence of new applications continues to raise questions that are only partially answered by existing techniques. This thesis studies three selected topics related to video: intra prediction in block-based video coding, pedestrian detection and tracking in infrared imagery, and multi-view video alignment.;In the state-of-art video coding standard H.264/AVC, intra prediction is defined on the hierarchical quad-tree based block partitioning structure which fails to exploit the geometric constraint of edges. We propose a geometry-adaptive block partitioning structure and a new intra prediction …
Choice Among Stimuli In Equivalence Classes, Christina Alligood
Choice Among Stimuli In Equivalence Classes, Christina Alligood
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Stability in responding to stimuli within equivalence classes has implications for the maintenance of classes and the ease at which they can be reformed. One way of investigating stability is to examine accuracy and speed of responding as a function of nodal number, or the number of nodes between stimuli in a class. Previous research suggests that subjects respond more quickly and more accurately on relations involving fewer nodes (Fields, Adams, & Verhave, 1989 [May]; Fields, Adams, Verhave, & Newman, 1990; Fields, Adams, & Verhave, 1993; Fields, Landon-Jiminez, Buffington, & Adams, 1995; Spencer & Chase, 1996). A second way to …
Accessibility Of Wvu Websites For Individuals With Vision Impairments, Sarah Jacobin
Accessibility Of Wvu Websites For Individuals With Vision Impairments, Sarah Jacobin
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Recently, several major corporations have been sued because their websites are inaccessible to individuals with disabilities. For a website to be accessible, people with disabilities should be able to navigate and interact with the site. Individuals who are blind or have vision impairments have difficulty accessing websites because they commonly use assistive technology to interpret content. This study is the first comprehensive study assessing the accessibility of WVU websites for individuals with disabilities, specifically individuals with visual impairments and comparing those results to those of two comparable universities in other areas of the country. Compliance with specifications of website accessibility …
Comparative Study In Stereographic Reading, Alberto E. Santiago
Comparative Study In Stereographic Reading, Alberto E. Santiago
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Viewing a Single Image Random Dot Stereogram (SIRDS) or autostereogram picture requires careful concentration from the viewer. The concentration necessary to perceive depth may affect the performance of the reading process. We are studying if information perceived by way of a stereogram is better retained in memory compared to normal reading without stereo vision. To measure subject's memory performance we administered a questionnaire after a stereographic experience containing a readable story. We discovered that exposing subjects to stereographic information has a slight advantage on the ability to remember precise details of the information read.