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Effects Of Delayed Fat Supplementation On Post-Prandial Rumen Metabolism, Lamb Quality And Fatty Acid Composition Of Rumen Effluent, Quinn Stephan Baptiste
Effects Of Delayed Fat Supplementation On Post-Prandial Rumen Metabolism, Lamb Quality And Fatty Acid Composition Of Rumen Effluent, Quinn Stephan Baptiste
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Sheep farmers have an option to incorporate fat supplements into the ration of grazing ruminants. Farmers choosing this option will have to select a time for offering that supplement. It might be practical to feed the supplement in the morning or evening. However, the time at which that supplement is fed should not compromise nutrient digestion or the enhancement of ruminant product fatty acid composition. Consequently, the effects of feeding a fat enriched supplement, at a delayed time on rumen metabolism, lamb quality, and fatty acid composition of effluent digesta were investigated in three experiments. In experiment 1, treatment (time …
Development And Evaluation Of A Fault Detection And Identification Scheme For The Wvu Yf-22 Uav Using The Artificial Immune System Approach, Sebastian Pablo Sanchez
Development And Evaluation Of A Fault Detection And Identification Scheme For The Wvu Yf-22 Uav Using The Artificial Immune System Approach, Sebastian Pablo Sanchez
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A failure detection and identification (FDI) scheme is developed for a small remotely controlled jet aircraft based on the Artificial Immune System (AIS) paradigm. Pilot-in-the-loop flight data are used to develop and test a scheme capable of identifying known and unknown aircraft actuator and sensor failures. Negative selection is used as the main mechanism for self/non-self definition; however, an alternative approach using positive selection to enhance performance is also presented. Tested failures include aileron and stabilator locked at trim and angular rate sensor bias. Hyper-spheres are chosen to represent detectors. Different definitions of distance for the matching rules are applied …
Effects Of Color And Animation On Visual Short -Term Memory In Computer-Environment Learning Tasks, Marc Debiase
Effects Of Color And Animation On Visual Short -Term Memory In Computer-Environment Learning Tasks, Marc Debiase
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The goals of this research study were to gain a better understanding of the effects of color and animation on visual short-term memory (STM) in computer-environment learning tasks. The research methodology was based on an investigative design that attempted to address weaknesses of previous visual STM research (Klauer & Zhao, 2004) to provide information readily applicable to instructional design and technology. A 3 x 2 x 3 totally-within participants, repeated-measures Factorial Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) design was utilized to investigate limitations on visual short-term memory learning processes in computer-learning environments. Participant scores for accuracy of visual learning tasks and participant …
Foraging Ecology Of Male Cerulean Warblers And Other Neotropical Migrants, Gregory A. George
Foraging Ecology Of Male Cerulean Warblers And Other Neotropical Migrants, Gregory A. George
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Understanding foraging ecology provides insight into species resource requirements and overall conservation needs. We examined foraging behavior and tree species selection of male Cerulean Warblers (Dendroica cerulea ) (n = 673) in response to varying degrees of habitat disturbance from silvicultural treatments at four study sites in West Virginia, Kentucky and Ohio, during the 2006 and 2007 breeding seasons. Cerulean Warblers foraged primarily in the forest canopy, along branch tips by gleaning insects off leaf surfaces, often adjacent to canopy gaps, both pre- and post-harvest. Tree species availability, based on importance values (IV) calculated from density, frequency and basal areas, …
The Effects Of A Multiple Step Antioxidant Nutritional Supplementation Protocol On High-Intensity Cycling Performance, Ryan Hobbs
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Purpose. To determine if 5 days of antioxidant supplementation coupled with a pre-ride antioxidant/energy supplement improves cycling performance or reduces oxidative stress in trained cyclists.;Methods. Eight well-trained cyclists participated in a double-blind cross-over placebo-controlled study. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2Max), peak power output (WMax) and total work during a 15-minute time trial were determined. Subjects consumed an antioxidant supplement (S) or a placebo (P) for 5 days before each trial and a pre-exercise supplement or isocaloric placebo (4 kcal·kg-1) 45 minutes before each trial. Subjects performed an endurance ride of 90 minutes followed immediately by a time trial requiring accumulation of …
Overweight Adolescents In West Virginia Report Healthier Diet Choices After A Two-Week Residential Camp, Heidi Jo Schoeppner
Overweight Adolescents In West Virginia Report Healthier Diet Choices After A Two-Week Residential Camp, Heidi Jo Schoeppner
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
As the number of overweight adolescents in the United States continues to grow, effective methods of treatment intervention need to be established. The objective of this study was to determine if various methods of nutrition education is an effective approach to teach overweight 10-14 year-old adolescents (BMI ≥85th percentile on the CDC's growth charts) in West Virginia to make healthier food choices. Twenty-four adolescents were recruited through schools, physician offices, and community programs to attend a two-week residential lifestyle-modification camp with three follow-up weekends over the next 12 months. Prior to attending the initial camp session, subjects were asked to …
The Effects Of A Randomized Four-Week Graston Instrumented-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (Gistm) Dynamic Balancing-Training Program On Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability, Jessica L. Schaefer
The Effects Of A Randomized Four-Week Graston Instrumented-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (Gistm) Dynamic Balancing-Training Program On Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability, Jessica L. Schaefer
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Context. Despite case reports and clinical studies, there have been no experimental studies conducted on Graston Instrumented-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (GISTM) technique and the effects on chronic ankle instability. Most of the clinical studies and case reports that have been conducted have used animals and human subjects for lateral epicondylitis, and patellar, rotator cuff and achilles tendinopathy. Since only a case report exists in the literature for chronic ankle instability using GISTM, the intent of this study is to further evaluate the effects of GISTM and dynamic postural balance on improvements in healing and function. Objective. The present study aims …
A Needs Assessment Of West Virginia Environmental Educators: West Virginia Environmental Education Association And West Virginia University County Extension Agents, Amanda Rae Swecker See
A Needs Assessment Of West Virginia Environmental Educators: West Virginia Environmental Education Association And West Virginia University County Extension Agents, Amanda Rae Swecker See
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
West Virginia is a state full of a variety of environmental education (EE) programs---both formal and nonformal. However, in order to be effective, educators must have the most updated and user friendly resources readily accessible through various supporting organizations or agencies. The WVEEA is a new state-wide group dedicated to improving EE programs, and supporting EE through its members.;The ultimate goal of EE programs is to improve environmental literacy and foster environmentally responsible behavior. Environmental literacy gives people the awareness, knowledge, ability, motivation, commitment and skill to work with others to resolve environmental problems and prevent new ones. EE activities …
The Effect Of An Applied Behavior Analysis Based Treatment On The Participation Of A Kindergarten Student With Autism Spectrum Disorder In A General Education Classroom, Brandi Slider
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This project was developed with the intention of helping to integrate a child diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder more fully into a general education classroom. The study was a single case design experiment employing a multiple-baseline design across situations intended to increase appropriate participation and decrease inappropriate participation. The Competent Learner Model was used as a tool to develop observation skills and to identify target behaviors to change for the learner. An Applied Behavior Analysis based token-economy system served as the intervention, utilizing stickers in exchange for preferred activities. The intervention was applied at three intervals across two situations with …
Implications For The Use Of Osmia Cornifrons (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) As Pollinators, Joseph Brent White
Implications For The Use Of Osmia Cornifrons (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) As Pollinators, Joseph Brent White
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The Japanese hornfaced bees, Osmia cornifrons (Radoszkowski) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), is a key pollinator of spring blooming fruit crops such as apple, pear and blueberry. To maximize pollination efficiency, two implications must be considered. First, diapause termination of overwintering O. cornifrons adults needs to be synchronized with the bloom of the target trees because adult bees are active as pollinators for only a few weeks. Patterns of temperature-dependent diapause termination of O. cornifrons were modeled and simulated with linear and non-linear regression analyses. Results of the study indicated the upper and lower developmental thresholds, as well as the optimum temperature for …
The Identification Of Molecular Guidance Cues Necessary For Development Of The Central Auditory System, David M. Howell
The Identification Of Molecular Guidance Cues Necessary For Development Of The Central Auditory System, David M. Howell
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Developing neurons utilize multiple guidance cues to reach their appropriate destination. Although much is known about the anatomy and electrophysiology of auditory brainstem neurons, the molecular factors directing migration of these cells and the targeting of their axons are only beginning to be explored. Ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) neurons have axons that project bilaterally to the superior olivary complex (SOC) in the ventral acoustic stria (VAS). The circumferential trajectory taken by developing VCN axons is similar to the path of spinal commissural neurons (SCNs). Therefore, we reasoned that netrin-DCC and slit-robo signaling systems may function, similar to SCNs, in the …
Effects Of Aging And Exercise Training On Enos Uncoupling And Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling In The Endothelium Of Skeletal Muscle Arterioles, Amy L. Sindler
Effects Of Aging And Exercise Training On Enos Uncoupling And Reactive Oxygen Species Signaling In The Endothelium Of Skeletal Muscle Arterioles, Amy L. Sindler
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of the first study was to determine the effects of aging and exercise training on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) uncoupling in skeletal muscle arterioles. The results of this study confirmed our previous findings that aging impairs endothelium-dependent, NO-mediated vasodilation and tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) levels in rat skeletal muscle arterioles. Limited availability of BH4, as observed in old sedentary rats, may contribute to eNOS uncoupling, which decreases NO signaling and increases eNOS-derived O2- generation. Exercise training restored BH4 levels and improved flow-induced NO production in arterioles from aged rats. Furthermore, exercise training increased both NO and reactive oxygen species …
Behavioral Inhibition And Behavioral Activation In College Students: The Effects Of Aversive Control, Chad S. Brice
Behavioral Inhibition And Behavioral Activation In College Students: The Effects Of Aversive Control, Chad S. Brice
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Negative reinforcement is utilized in many contexts in our society but its differential effects in relation to individual differences are rarely studied. It is very similar in form to punishment in that they are both forms of aversive control, and only differs in the sense that negative reinforcement is a technique utilized to increase rather than reduce a behavior. Researchers, starting with Gray, have shown that individuals higher in inhibition and anxiety are more responsive to punishment, while individuals who are more impulsive are more sensitive to rewards. The positive relation between anxiety and sensitivity to punishment suggests that individuals …
Gourd'geous, A. Noel Slowikowski
Gourd'geous, A. Noel Slowikowski
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Finding a voice to articulate my passion for making utilitarian pottery has been the central focus of my graduate studies. As a ceramic artist, I strive to make work that celebrates clay's tactile qualities, history, environmental responsiveness, and beauty. My research involved investigating different clay processes, fabrication methods, glazes, and contemporary/historical influences. The end result is a body of work that expresses a balanced blending of clay, nature, and history.
The Effect Of Parent Education On The Home Food Environment For Overweight Adolescents In West Virginia, Kimberly N. Fisher
The Effect Of Parent Education On The Home Food Environment For Overweight Adolescents In West Virginia, Kimberly N. Fisher
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study is a pre and post-intervention study examining family involvement and healthy food behaviors prior to and three month post nutrition education. The intervention was conducted as part of a residential summer camp for overweight adolescents in West Virginia. Twenty-one parents were included, one parent per camper. The intervention included nine hours of nutritional instructional time consisting of lectures, PowerPoint presentations, and a grocery store tour. Data were measured to determine occurrence of positive changes within the home environment of these families. Parent education sessions were evaluated. A factor analysis and independent samples t test were used respectively to …
State Supervisors Roles In Agricultural Education Curriculum: A National Study, Becky L. Ridgeway
State Supervisors Roles In Agricultural Education Curriculum: A National Study, Becky L. Ridgeway
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to examine state supervisors roles in agricultural education curriculum. A census survey, plus Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands were used to collect data for this study. The population included all head state supervisors employed during the spring of 2009. Of the 52 surveys sent out 36 were returned (69%). The study found that responsibility for developing and communicating career development events (CDE) and information varied by state, with the head state supervisor, executive secretary, state supervisor with FFA responsibilities or university faculty managing the events. State supervisors identified email, listserv (group email), telephone calls, …
Effects Of Response Effort, Delay, And Stimulus Changes On The Sunk -Cost Effect, James W. Diller
Effects Of Response Effort, Delay, And Stimulus Changes On The Sunk -Cost Effect, James W. Diller
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The sunk-cost effect is a decision-making fallacy that has its origins in the discipline in economics. In general, sunk-cost situations are typified by the presence of an initial investment that is followed by behavioral persistence, especially in the face of progressively worsening outcomes. This fallacy occurs when individuals use past expenditures (i.e., sunk costs) rather than future costs to guide decisions. Although there is a growing body of literature involving human participants, relatively little work has been done examining the variables that govern the sunk-cost effect in nonhuman subjects. The present experiments examined effects of response effort, delay, and stimulus …
Fuel Economy And Emissions Benefits From Diesel Fuel Additives, Geoffrey James Newlin
Fuel Economy And Emissions Benefits From Diesel Fuel Additives, Geoffrey James Newlin
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
With the spike in fuel costs during 2008, fuel consumption, and methods to reduce it, has come to the forefront of society, and recognition that inexpensive energy sources for mobile transportation may be a thing of the past. Even though fuel costs did significantly decrease by 75% after this spike [1], they will most likely continue to rise. Improvements to mobile transportation and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are a major agenda item of the United States and many industrialized nations. New and improved technologies will be developed and employed for future transportation needs of society. However, the existing …
Functions Of Rx In Early Vertebrate Ocular Development, Brian G. Zamora
Functions Of Rx In Early Vertebrate Ocular Development, Brian G. Zamora
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Patterning of the optic vesicle is a crucial step in early vertebrate eye development that organizes uncommitted optic vesicle cells into distinct distal, dorsal, and proximal regions that will give rise to the neural retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and optic stalk, respectively. Originating from the same sheet of anterior neuroectoderm, uncommitted optic vesicle cells are patterned into neural and non-neural (RPE) retinal domains through the coordinated activities of extrinsic signaling molecules and intrinsic transcription factors. Neural retinal specification is driven by FGF signals emanating from the surface ectoderm and developing lens, while RPE is specified by signals from the …
Effects Of Age And Polyploidy On Growth, Composition, Fatty Acids, And Egg Development In Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss., Meghan Lynn Manor
Effects Of Age And Polyploidy On Growth, Composition, Fatty Acids, And Egg Development In Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus Mykiss., Meghan Lynn Manor
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Egg development (vitellogenesis) is a dominant physiological process that alters growth efficiency and compromises muscle quality in some species. Lipid mobilization from fat stores supplies energy required for this process. To study the effect of vitellogenesis on lipid mobilization, triploid (3N; sterile) and diploid (2N; fertile) rainbow trout females were derived from two families (70 and 71). Fish growth, egg development, proximate composition, and fatty acid composition of muscle, liver, visceral fat, and gonads were determined from July 2008 to March 2009. There were no differences in growth measurements (whole body weight, length, condition factor, eviscerated body weight, and empty …
The Omega-3 Fatty Acid Content Of Krill Protein Concentrate Influences Bioavailability, Tissue Deposition, Peroxidation, And Metabolism In Young Rats, Kayla Marie Bridges
The Omega-3 Fatty Acid Content Of Krill Protein Concentrate Influences Bioavailability, Tissue Deposition, Peroxidation, And Metabolism In Young Rats, Kayla Marie Bridges
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Objective. Krill protein concentrate (KPC) has been determined to be a high quality protein for human consumption with the advantage of being a rich source of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (o-3 PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The o-3 PUFAs in krill are mainly associated with phospholipids, which have been proposed to result in high incorporation of o-3 PUFAs into tissues and to be stable against oxidation. The study objective was to determine bioavailability, tissue deposition, peroxidation, and metabolism of o-3 PUFAs in rats fed KPC.;Methods. Young female Sprague-Dawley rats (n=10/group) were fed ad libitum isocaloric diets …
Ergot Alkaloid Biosynthesis In Aspergillus Fumigatus : Association With Sporulation And Clustered Genes Common Among Ergot Fungi, Christine M. Coyle
Ergot Alkaloid Biosynthesis In Aspergillus Fumigatus : Association With Sporulation And Clustered Genes Common Among Ergot Fungi, Christine M. Coyle
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Ergot alkaloids, indole-derived mycotoxins, interact with multiple monoamine neurotransmitter receptors and cause disease in exposed individuals. They have been well studied in the ergot fungus, Claviceps purpurea, and have been reported in some closely related grass endophytes, as well as the distantly related opportunistic human pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. A. fumigatus, which sporulates prolifically, produces clavines, specifically festuclavine and fumigaclavines A, B, and C in association with asexual spores and the total mass of alkaloids constitutes over 1% of the spore mass. These alkaloids differ from those of most clavicipitaceous fungi, which consist of different clavines and often more complex lysergic …
The Synthesis Of Tryptophan Derivatives, 2- And/Or 3-Substituted Indoles, Progress Toward Dilemmaones A-C, And Synthetic Studies Towards Fistulosin Via Palladium-Catalyzed Reductive N-Heteroannulation, Christopher Andrew Dacko
The Synthesis Of Tryptophan Derivatives, 2- And/Or 3-Substituted Indoles, Progress Toward Dilemmaones A-C, And Synthetic Studies Towards Fistulosin Via Palladium-Catalyzed Reductive N-Heteroannulation, Christopher Andrew Dacko
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Palladium-catalyzed carbon monoxide-mediated reductive N-heteroannulation of o-nitrostyrenes has emerged as a very powerful method for constructing the corresponding indole core. The Soderberg variety of this methodology has been utilized to synthesize several asymmetric tryptophan derivatives along with a collection of 2- and/or 3-substituted indoles. The same protocol has also been employed to make synthetic progress toward the construction of the marine indole alkaloids Dilemmaones A-C. Finally, this versatile cyclization was implemented in studies designed to determine the true structure of the compound isolated by Tomita et al. and given the name "fistulosin".
Choice Between Schedules Of Reinforcement With And Without Response-Pacing Requirements, Leigh Schrimpf
Choice Between Schedules Of Reinforcement With And Without Response-Pacing Requirements, Leigh Schrimpf
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate (DRL) and differential-reinforcement-of-high-rate (DRH) schedules specify a certain pace of responding eligible for reinforcement. The present study assessed the value of a paced schedule of reinforcement using a concurrent-chains schedule. Pigeon's pecks on the left and right initial-link keys led to one of two terminal-link VI 60-s schedules, programmed on the center key. Completion of a terminal-link schedule always led to access to grain. The value of a terminal-link schedule was measured by the initial-link choice proportions. In the baseline, pecks on either initial-link key produced access to one of two unpaced terminal-link schedules every 60 s, on average. …
Effective Maxillary Protraction: Hyrax Expansion Appliance Vs. Double-Hinged Expansion Appliance, Thuy B. Do-Delatour
Effective Maxillary Protraction: Hyrax Expansion Appliance Vs. Double-Hinged Expansion Appliance, Thuy B. Do-Delatour
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Patients with a skeletal Class III malocclusion may have one of the following conditions: midface deficiency and/or mandibular hypertrophy/prognathism. If modification of the skeletal Class III growth pattern is not effectively accomplished at an early age via maxillary protraction, then orthognathic surgery would be required to help correct the skeletal Class III malocclusion. Some of the more serious risks associated with orthognathic surgery include parasthesia, bone and tissue necrosis, and possibly death. However, if one is able to effectively protract the maxilla, the need for anterior-posterior correction of the maxilla via orthognathic surgery will be minimized if not eliminated.;The purpose …
The Effects Of Aquaculture Production Noise On The Growth, Hearing, Disease Resistance, And Survival Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) And Methods For Minimizing Noise In Fiberglass Aquaculture Tanks, John W. Davidson Iii
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Intensive aquaculture systems, particularly recirculating systems, often require noise producing equipment such as pumps, blowers, and filters that inadvertently increase sound levels within the culture environment. These systems are often very effective at culturing healthy, fast growing fish; however, the potential impacts of underwater noise on fish within intensive aquaculture systems have not been evaluated. Limited research suggests that subjecting fish to noise could result in impairment of the auditory system, reduced growth rates, and increased stress. The studies presented within this manuscript were conducted to gain a better understanding of aquaculture production noise and its potential impacts on rainbow …
Detection And Determination Of Degradation And Metabolic Products Of Drugs Of Abuse And Explosives, Melissa Gayton Ely
Detection And Determination Of Degradation And Metabolic Products Of Drugs Of Abuse And Explosives, Melissa Gayton Ely
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Among the different means of decomposition, thermal, environmental, and metabolic degradation play a significant role in how forensic related compounds are analyzed. In the first stage of this research, cocaine and methamphetamine were pyrolyzed utilizing a pyroprobe to detect reported products of pyrolytic/thermal degradation and smoked markers. This simple and rapid method has laid the groundwork for future smoked drug analyses. In the second stage of research, a new focus was developed on detection of explosives in soil from detonated UXO at the West Virginia Maneuver Area. TNT, RDX, HMX, tetryl, and TNT environmental degradation products were analyzed using a …
In Mid -Stream: A Qualitative Case Study Of A Young Deaf Woman - Becoming 'Leigh', Ann Darby Getty
In Mid -Stream: A Qualitative Case Study Of A Young Deaf Woman - Becoming 'Leigh', Ann Darby Getty
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this longitudinal case study was to closely examine one deaf child's lived experience. The research was designed to examine linguistic development, academic experience, and personal and social conditions through the use of multiple interviews with a 'hearing' mother and her deaf daughter. Their perspectives have been shared as well as that of the narrator/inquirer.;The study begins when 'Leigh' was identified as having a profound, bilateral hearing loss at the age of 12 months, and continues to date with her current status as a twenty year old, college sophomore. The raw texts analyzed include: interview excerpts, results of …
The Role Of Nadph Oxidase In Blood -Brain Barrier Dysfunction Following Stroke In Aged Rats, Kimberly Kelly
The Role Of Nadph Oxidase In Blood -Brain Barrier Dysfunction Following Stroke In Aged Rats, Kimberly Kelly
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Stroke is the leading cause of long-term adult disability and the third leading cause of death in the United States. More that 72% of stroke victims are over the age of 65, yet most studies utilize young animals. Aged rats suffer exacerbated stroke volume and inflammation, as well as worsened functional outcome when compared to young adult rats. While the blood brain barrier (BBB) remains intact with age, it becomes more susceptible to external factors. BBB permeability in the penumbra appears acutely, 20 min after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in aged rats. Importantly, BBB permeability is earlier and more …
The Fate Of Salmonella Tennessee And Salmonella Typhimurium In Peanut Butter Subjected To Electron Beam Irradiation, Andrea Lynn Hvizdzak
The Fate Of Salmonella Tennessee And Salmonella Typhimurium In Peanut Butter Subjected To Electron Beam Irradiation, Andrea Lynn Hvizdzak
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Peanut butter and peanut paste products were implicated as the vehicle of contamination in an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium that began in September 2008 and in the November 2006 outbreak of Salmonella Tennessee; therefore based on the apparent need for intervention measure, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of non-thermal electron beam irradiation for reduction of Salmonella serovars Tennessee (ATCC 10722) and Typhimurium (ATCC 14028) in creamy peanut butter. Each strain was studied independently. Peanut butter samples were inoculated with approximately 7.0 log CFU/g of Salmonella and exposed to e-beam doses ranging from 0--3.1 kGy. Doses …