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Crescent Hill Chert: A Geological And Cultural Study Of A Raw Material Procurement Area In Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Jacob Strong Adams
Crescent Hill Chert: A Geological And Cultural Study Of A Raw Material Procurement Area In Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Jacob Strong Adams
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
In 2009/2010 the Montana Yellowstone Archaeological Project (MYAP) conducted survey of the Crescent Hill chert outcrop (site 48YE729) in the northern portion of Yellowstone National Park. Occurring in a variety of colors and qualities, the chert precipitated within the Eocene-era Crescent Hill basalt formation. The procurement area encompasses 2,124.8 acres, with nine surface outcrops, five of which were clearly utilized by Native Americans during prehistory. With the materials previously being uncharacterized, hand samples representative of the outcrop areas were collected and analyzed using macroscopic, petrographic, and geochemical techniques. In doing this, the provenance of artifacts found in archaeological assemblages can …
Distribution, Use And Cultural Meanings Of Ciprés De Las Guaitecas In The Vicinity Of Caleta Tortel, Chile, Kyla Sara Zaret
Distribution, Use And Cultural Meanings Of Ciprés De Las Guaitecas In The Vicinity Of Caleta Tortel, Chile, Kyla Sara Zaret
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This study examined the changing roles of ciprés de las Guaitecas (Pilgerodendron uviferum) in the lives and livelihoods of Tortel community members. A political ecology framework built on concepts of power, scale and social construction was used to problematize the availability of the tree as a resource by revealing the multiple, contrasting perspectives of different socio-political actors. National and international policy documents were analyzed in order to uncover the discourses that drive decision-making at those scales. Participant observation and semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore local people’s knowledge, perceptions and opinions regarding the difficulties they face in accessing and utilizing …
A Comparative Analysis Between Knowledge And Bear Safety Information Utilization By Day Hikers In Glacier National Park, Phillip Wayne Zumstein
A Comparative Analysis Between Knowledge And Bear Safety Information Utilization By Day Hikers In Glacier National Park, Phillip Wayne Zumstein
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The purpose of this study was to identify Glacier National Park backcountry day users’ bear safety information source utilization, obtain their knowledge level of bear safety, and identify any differences in knowledge level when compared to sources used. The results of this study were intended to provide park managers with a means to more effectively implement the park’s bear safety information program. The study was conducted within Glacier National Park in Montana during the summer of 2011. A survey was given to 540 backcountry day users during their day hikes within the park. A bear safety quiz section was included …
Protohistoric Signatures Of Household Material Wealth: An Interhousehold Analysis Of The Bridge River Site (Eeri4), Lee Nicole Reininghaus
Protohistoric Signatures Of Household Material Wealth: An Interhousehold Analysis Of The Bridge River Site (Eeri4), Lee Nicole Reininghaus
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Reininghaus, Lee N., M.A., May 2011 Anthropology Abstract Title: Protohistoric Signatures of Household Material Wealth: An Interhousehold Analysis of the Bridge River Site (EeRl4) Chairperson: Dr. Anna M. Prentiss This thesis is concerned with the archaeological research of the protohistoric component at the Bridge River Site (EeRl4), located in the Middle Fraser Canyon of the Canadian Plateau. The purpose of this research is to explore socioeconomic variability between households by understanding the relationships between household material wealth and house size, household demographics and household persistence through time. The approach is directed towards identifying variation in household material wealth through a …
Our Collective History: The Curation Crisis And The Excavation Of An Archaeological Repository, Bethany Hauer Campbell
Our Collective History: The Curation Crisis And The Excavation Of An Archaeological Repository, Bethany Hauer Campbell
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Museum curators, archaeologists, and researchers have recognized that a “curation crisis” exists at various American institutions housing artifacts and other archaeological materials. While this is an international phenomenon, the crisis in the United States is linked with a recent history of cultural resource management (CRM)—and academic research projects—having a tendency to survey, excavate, analyze, publish, and move on to the next project, often with little regard for the long term curation of the collections. What happens to these artifacts? Will they be available for the future? Here I examine the literature discussing the curation crisis, as well as federal laws …
Individual Agency And Military Structure: Personal Artifacts From 1890s Fort Missoula, Jackson Cossitt Mueller
Individual Agency And Military Structure: Personal Artifacts From 1890s Fort Missoula, Jackson Cossitt Mueller
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
With a history spanning over 135 years, Fort Missoula, Montana, was involved in several aspects of local and national history, including the Battle of the Big Hole, the 25th Infantry Bicycle Corps, the Civilian Conservation Corps, and World War II internment camp. In the 1980s, former University of Montana anthropology professor Carling Malouf led a series of excavations, recovering hundreds of artifacts which, until this project, had been left unanalyzed. Over the course of two years and over 1500 hours of invested labor, the collections were re-processed, analyzed and curated, producing a detailed artifact catalogue and establishing provenience for most …
Creating An Image, Shaping A Destination In Chachapoyas, Peru, Charles Hoadley
Creating An Image, Shaping A Destination In Chachapoyas, Peru, Charles Hoadley
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This thesis examines the place image of the Chachapoyas region in northern Peru by identifying themes found in tourism guidebooks and websites. Photographs and written descriptions of Chachapoyas were found to emphasize certain features of the region while avoiding or hiding others. To further inform the discussion of the place image of Chachapoyas interviews were conducted with international tourists visiting the region. These interviews indicate that Chachapoyas does not have the same level of recognition as sites in southern Peru. The purveyors of representations of Chachapoyas have tried to appropriate the intrigue of a place myth characterized by lost civilizations …
Gaze Toward The City They Won't Enter Again, Mehgan Mckenna
Gaze Toward The City They Won't Enter Again, Mehgan Mckenna
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Fiction thesis.
Literature Meets Biology: An Evolutionary Approach To Literary Studies, Samantha Reneé Dwyer
Literature Meets Biology: An Evolutionary Approach To Literary Studies, Samantha Reneé Dwyer
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The following thesis engages with the relatively young development in literary studies, called evocriticism, which uses scientific perspectives to look at literature. It first gives an overview of the current state of English departments and their decline in numbers, budgets, and cultural relevancy, mostly due to outdated modes of literary criticism and theory. It then introduces evocriticism as a new paradigm for studying literature. Literature and the arts are studied as human behaviors with possible adaptive benefits. Individual texts are interpreted through a scientific lens, using the theory of evolution to find cultural and biological human universals that can help …
The Seen And Unseen: Religion And Identity In The Chicago American Indian Community, Eli Steven Suzukovich Iii
The Seen And Unseen: Religion And Identity In The Chicago American Indian Community, Eli Steven Suzukovich Iii
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The following dissertation is an ethnographic community study focusing on religiosity and its relationship in maintaining tribal identity among urban Indians living in Chicago, Illinois. The research examines spirituality and religious practice in an urban Indian community and illuminates and examines how people conceptualize the sacred and how it applies to their sense of tribal, familial, and individual identities and its development through a lifetime. The goals of this research are to: 1) provide an overview of religiosity as it currently exists within the American Indian community of Chicago; and 2) examine religion and spirituality as is develops over time …
The Effects Of Large Herbivores On Small Mammal Communities, Plants And Ecosystem Processes In Northern Arizona, Elliott Wentworth Reed Parsons
The Effects Of Large Herbivores On Small Mammal Communities, Plants And Ecosystem Processes In Northern Arizona, Elliott Wentworth Reed Parsons
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Large herbivores are major drivers of community structure and function in many terrestrial systems. Through their direct effects on plants, large herbivores can influence the structure and complexity of habitats, the population abundance of animals that rely on those habitats, and the rates of ecosystem processes within those systems. These manifold impacts on systems are potentially magnifying, as removal of top predators and changes in land use have triggered large increases in large herbivore populations. Although increasing evidence suggests that large herbivores can critically shape the structure and function of the ecosystems they inhabit, few studies have detailed the direct …
Utilitarian And Industrial Ceramics Of Montana In The Late Nineteenth And Early Twentieth Centuries, Matthew Gregory Sadorf
Utilitarian And Industrial Ceramics Of Montana In The Late Nineteenth And Early Twentieth Centuries, Matthew Gregory Sadorf
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This thesis answers the question: What type of utilitarian and industrial ceramics were being produced or brought into Montana in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries? This question came from correspondences with the Montana Historical Society where the main research took place. This research was conducted in the Montana Historical Society archives which consisted of files and other sources to find evidence of ceramic production within the state. Further research was done to get an understanding of clays and ceramic production for this period of time. This thesis presents the information by first addressing clays, and then moving into …
Addressing Food Insecurity And Developing Social Resources Through Community Garden Projects In Low-Income Areas: Qualitative Interviews With Outreach Coordinators From Three Urban Agriculture Organizations, Elizabeth R. Chalgian
Addressing Food Insecurity And Developing Social Resources Through Community Garden Projects In Low-Income Areas: Qualitative Interviews With Outreach Coordinators From Three Urban Agriculture Organizations, Elizabeth R. Chalgian
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
As urban agriculture organizations become increasingly popular, it is important to understand the impact they have on low-income urban communities. Food security and political power are greatly lacking in these areas. Agriculture endeavors, such as community gardens and urban farms, have a significant potential to decrease these deficits. First, this thesis will address how social inequalities, which are products of structural power, prevent the poor from being properly fed and discuss how urban agriculture programs, specifically community gardens, can reduce food insecurity and build a community’s social resources. Later, the discussion will focus on how low-income populations become involved in …
Debt Structure In The West: Money And Gift, And The Influence On Community, James A. Becker
Debt Structure In The West: Money And Gift, And The Influence On Community, James A. Becker
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Debt structures all relationships in America as well as all of our economic material exchanges. Historically debt has always been seen thus with our religious texts being written both in the terminology of the metaphysical and the economical combining them together in an attempt to understand the social and economic systems that individuals live in. At the core of the social and economic systems is community. In America the myth of the gift is a dominant catalyst that uses debt to make community through time. In order to study the structure of debt within America I will be using an …
Feasting On Fido: Cultural Implications Of Eating Dogs At Bridge River, Hannah Schremser Cail
Feasting On Fido: Cultural Implications Of Eating Dogs At Bridge River, Hannah Schremser Cail
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Dogs represent a unique facet of the faunal assemblage at the Bridge River site (EeRl4), a prehistoric aggregated winter housepit village in southern British Columbia’s Middle Fraser Canyon. As part of the Bridge River site investigation of emergent material wealth based status inequality of the hunter-gatherer-fisher economy, the 2008 and 2009 excavation of the village recovered the skeletal remains of domestic dogs within two distinct cache pit features in Housepit 24’s Activity Area 3. The two dogs unearthed from these separate cache pits features show dichotomous roles for man’s best friend; one, possibly as a prized companion, and the other …
Life History And Demography Of Trillium Ovatum Pursh. (Liliaceae)In Western Montana, Tarn Ream
Life History And Demography Of Trillium Ovatum Pursh. (Liliaceae)In Western Montana, Tarn Ream
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Trillium ovatum is a long-lived, spring ephemeral that grows in moist forest habitats of the western United States. Extensive investigations of Trillium, including T. ovatum, have been accomplished, yet no prior studies of T. ovatum have been conducted at the eastern edge of its distribution in Montana, where populations experience increased aridity and highly variable climatic conditions as compared to other regions where it occurs. This study examines life-history characteristics and demography of T. ovatum in three representative populations that were sampled over 9 growing seasons to determine: 1) life history stages, stage class structure, and yearly transitions among stage …
The Story Of Things, Lucy Elizabeth Capehart
The Story Of Things, Lucy Elizabeth Capehart
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Capehart, Lucy, M.F.A., Spring 2011 Fine Art The Story of Things Chairperson: Professor Matthew Hamon The Story of Things examines the power of objects to hold narrative and inspire the emotional responses of longing, loss and desire. There is a tendency among humans to gather and save objects that hold personal significance. The most banal object is cherished perhaps kept in a box to be admired on occasion. An earring can symbolize the lost love of a boyfriend, a ticket to a basketball game can mark the day after a father’s funeral or a fingernail brush is a stand in …
Examining Narratives Of Place: Representations Of Xinjiang In Tourism And Geography Education, Michael Church
Examining Narratives Of Place: Representations Of Xinjiang In Tourism And Geography Education, Michael Church
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This thesis examines how Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, located in northwest China, is represented in tourism and geographic education literature. The research demonstrates the limited and distorted place narratives of Xinjiang that are promoted by the government-backed tourist enterprise in China for consumption by English language speakers; as well as, the inadequate and uncritical representations of the region currently available to students in the United States. Qualitative content analysis methodology is employed to investigate the narrative representations of Xinjiang contained within tourist brochures, geography textbooks, and regionally appropriate curricular guides. The thesis includes a body of geographic lesson plans pertaining …
Why The Xwisten Crossed The River: Lithic Transport Strategies On The Canadian Plateau, Michael Todd Wanzenried
Why The Xwisten Crossed The River: Lithic Transport Strategies On The Canadian Plateau, Michael Todd Wanzenried
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
As has been the case for thousands of years a single kind of stone material, referred to by different researchers as arrowstone, basalt, vitreous trachydacite, and/or dacite, provided the majority (often more than 75%) of many lithic assemblages in the Mid- Fraser region of south-western British Columbia. Most explanations for this have largely been insufficient for explaining the differential transport of lithic materials; no one has addressed why, in a lithic rich environment where a variety of jaspers, chalcedonies, and pisolites can be found in relative close proximity to many winter villages, Mid-Fraser foragers would target resources located much further …
Female Competition And The Role Of Testosterone In A Polygynous System, Lars Stefan Ekernas
Female Competition And The Role Of Testosterone In A Polygynous System, Lars Stefan Ekernas
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Testosterone plays an important role in male competitive ability, and it may play a similar function in females. Female-female competition for resources is often associated with high testosterone, both within females and in comparison to males. Positive associations between testosterone and competition are most likely to be seen in systems with high female-female competition. Resource defense polygyny may be one such system since females congregate on high-quality nutrient sources, leading to substantial opportunities for interference competition. I studied female Grant’s gazelle (Nanger granti), a classic resource defense polygynous species, to investigate female competition and its relationship to testosterone. I found …
Gender, Body, And Wilderness: Searching For Refuge, Connection, And Ecological Belonging, Angela Marie Meyer
Gender, Body, And Wilderness: Searching For Refuge, Connection, And Ecological Belonging, Angela Marie Meyer
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The purpose of this study was to explore, describe, and explain how people (gbtlq identified persons in particular) experience gender and body in wilderness settings. The motivations for this research include: the current context of gender and gender oppression in American society; the potential of wilderness experiences to offer different ways of being and escape from social constrictions; and gaps in the literature on gender and wilderness. A qualitative/interpretive approach was employed for this research which encompasses aspects of phenomenology, feminist methodology, and grounded theory. The results and analysis for this study yielded an analytical story about ecological belonging which …
Quantifying Trends In Our National Parks: A Landscape Level Analysis Of Climate Change And Ecosystem Productivity, Jessica R. Haas
Quantifying Trends In Our National Parks: A Landscape Level Analysis Of Climate Change And Ecosystem Productivity, Jessica R. Haas
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The U.S. National Parks are an integral part of our National Heritage. They are now, more than ever, experiencing threats from outside forces that are difficult to evaluate, such as climate change. The magnitude and direction of change will vary spatially across the landscape, making it difficult for park managers to adopt just one approach to managing for climate change. Therefore, there must be a systematic way to analyze climate trends and the subsequent effects on ecosystems, which is unbiased and useful in varying climates and landscapes. Through robust quantification of the rates of change for key climate variables (temperature, …
Subsistence Change And Emergent Social Inequality In An Early Complex Hunter-Gatherer Winter Village: A Zooarchaeological Assessment Of The Bridge River Site (Eerl4), Middle Fraser B.C., Eric S. Carlson
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
ABSTRACT Carlson, Eric S., M.A., Spring 2010 Anthropology Subsistence Change and Emergent Social Inequality in an Early Complex Hunter-Gatherer Winter Village: A Zooarchaeological Assessment of the Bridge River Site (EeRl4), Middle Fraser B.C. Chairperson: Dr. Anna Marie Prentiss Analyses of faunal material from the 2008 excavations at the Bridge River Site (EeRl4) show that reliance on stored anadromous salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.) remains the primary food staple from early occupations of the village (1550bp) until its abandonment (1100bp), and indeed intensifies through time. Second, taxonomic diversity in food resources declines through time, signifying a diachronic process of resource specialization. The presence …
A New Life In Montana: The Laotian Hmong -- Their History, Culture And American Journey, David A. Keightley
A New Life In Montana: The Laotian Hmong -- Their History, Culture And American Journey, David A. Keightley
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Keightley, David, M.A., May 2010 History A New Life in Montana: The Laotian Hmong – Their History, Culture and American Journey Chairperson: Michael Mayer Following the end of the Vietnam War, hundreds of thousands of Vietnamese, Laotian and Cambodian refugees fled their homelands for America, where they started their lives over again. This paper examines the immigration of Hmong hill-tribesmen from Laos to the United States and their adjustment to a new life in America, particularly in the small community of Missoula Montana. How did they acculturate to such a very different environment from what they had known in Laos, …
The Use Of Tooth Pit And Tooth/Jaw Measurements To Identify Carnivore Taxa Responsible For Damage On Scavenged Bone, Jennifer L. Foust
The Use Of Tooth Pit And Tooth/Jaw Measurements To Identify Carnivore Taxa Responsible For Damage On Scavenged Bone, Jennifer L. Foust
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Forensic anthropologists are often asked to analyze and interpret human remains that have been modified or damaged by predators and/or scavengers (White 2000; James et al. 2005; Dupras et al. 2006). The goal of this study is to determine whether it is possible to distinguish carnivore tooth mark characteristics from other carnivore tooth mark characteristics through two separate analyses: first by examination of tooth pitting and second from carnivore tooth and jaw measurements. This is accomplished by visual analysis and measurements of tooth pits left on faunal bones processed by an experimental wolf group as well as carnivore tooth and …
Beginner's Mind: Teaching From A Position Of Not Knowing, Tara Lynn Sullivan
Beginner's Mind: Teaching From A Position Of Not Knowing, Tara Lynn Sullivan
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Most students believe that their teachers are experts in all aspects of the field they teach in. In April of 2009 my drama students asked me to teach Commedia dell’Arte during the upcoming school year. I did have a strong knowledge of the subject but I decided to approach the project with a beginner’s mind and take a risk teaching a form of theatre I knew little about. Over the course of the school year, my students and I learned together. We researched the history, movement, and production elements of Commedia dell’Arte. The end result was a Commedia inspired performance …
"The Coming Man From Canton": Chinese Experience In Montana (1862-1943), Christopher William Merritt
"The Coming Man From Canton": Chinese Experience In Montana (1862-1943), Christopher William Merritt
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The Chinese immigrants who came to Montana during the 19th and 20th centuries forged a new community. The goals of this dissertation were to create a historical and archaeological context for Chinese Experience in Montana, and to frame the interpretation of these results within a social organization framework that highlights the role of Overseas Chinese voluntary organizations such as secret societies. Archaeologists and historians have studied the Chinese in Montana for a little over two decades, though nothing comprehensive has ever been attempted to sew together the various investigations. In addition, there has been no attempt to inventory all the …
Fuels Management Policy And Practice In The U.S. Forest Service, Erik K. Hakanson
Fuels Management Policy And Practice In The U.S. Forest Service, Erik K. Hakanson
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
This dissertation investigates the history and development of wildland fire and fuels management policy in the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) and the implementation of this policy in fuels management project planning at the national forest and ranger district levels. The policy guiding fuels management is broad and ambiguous but may be summarized as: 1) reducing the risks posed by wildland fire and 2) restoring or maintaining ecosystem health and sustainability. Wildland fire management policy is interagency in scope, including input from state governments and is dispersed among a multitude of policy and strategy documents, such as the 1995/2001 Federal Wildland …
From Subsistence To Dependence: The Legacy Of Reclamation And Allotment On Quechan Indian Lands, 1700-1940, Ian Michael Smith
From Subsistence To Dependence: The Legacy Of Reclamation And Allotment On Quechan Indian Lands, 1700-1940, Ian Michael Smith
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
The Quechan Indians of southeastern California’s Fort Yuma Indian Reservation have occupied the fertile floodplain near the confluence of the Colorado and Gila rivers for more than 300 years. Since their southward migration to this area sometime in the seventeenth century, tribal members supported themselves through the adoption of a multifaceted subsistence strategy that incorporated cultivated agriculture, the semi-cultivation of wild plants, and the gathering of wild-grown foods. To support their agricultural endeavors, the Quechans relied on the annual flooding of the Colorado River to provide both irrigation water and naturally fertilizing silt to the river-bottom lands on which they …
Assessing Cumulative Human Impacts On Northern Woodland Caribou With Traditional Ecological Knowledge And Resource Selection Functions, Jean Lieppert Polfus
Assessing Cumulative Human Impacts On Northern Woodland Caribou With Traditional Ecological Knowledge And Resource Selection Functions, Jean Lieppert Polfus
Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers
Woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) are federally listed and declining across Canada because of the cumulative impacts of human infrastructure development. The Atlin northern mountain herd, in the territory of the Taku River Tlingit First Nation (TRTFN), British Columbia, is less affected by development than southern herds. However, recent low productivity in this herd suggests that the impacts of development (i.e., roads, mines, cabins and towns) may be accumulating. To predict the cumulative impact of human development on the Atlin herd, we developed seasonal resource selection functions (RSF) at 2 spatial scales with data from 10 global positioning system collared …