Digital Commons Network^™

Mechanism Of Ph-Sensitive Amphiphilic Endosomal Escape Of Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles For Cytosolic Nucleic Acid Delivery, Zheng Rong Lu, Da Sun

Faculty Scholarship

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are among the most successful classes of nonviral delivery systems for nucleic acid-based therapeutics in treating human diseases. One of the key challenges in achieving efficient cytosolic delivery of nucleic acids is overcoming endosomal entrapment within cells. Conventional lipid bilayer-forming cationic and amino lipids mediate endosomal escape via the mechanism of lamellar-to-inverted hexagonal phase transition, resulting in suboptimal cytosolic cargo delivery. pH-sensitive amphiphilic cell membrane disruption and endosomal escape have emerged as a strategy for designing protonatable or ionizable lipids, especially nonlamellar lipids, for efficient cytosolic nucleic acid delivery. Nonlamellar amino lipids possess a large wedge-shaped tail …

Alpha-Synuclein Dysregulation In Systemic Pathophysiology Of Synucleinopathies, Hallie H. Dolin, Bowen Zhou, Robert W. Maitta

Faculty Scholarship

Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) has long been identified as the etiologic agent of multiple neurodegenerative diseases, the most common and well-known of which are Parkinson's disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). While it is known that the pathophysiology of these synucleinopathies involves aggregation of improperly-folded α-syn, the mechanisms leading to its accumulation have not been fully identified. However, multiple pathways have been proposed, any or all of which may contribute to synucleinopathies. The role of α-syn in normal homeostasis and in other organ systems, especially the hematopoietic system, has been reported recently. Research within the last decade has shown that α-syn …

Oped: Forced Disappearances In New Mexico 2025, Jennifer Moore, Antoinette M. Sedillo Lopez, Linda Serrato

Faculty Scholarship

Immigration raids and unaccounted-for seizures of human beings are occurring in New Mexico and throughout the country, with increases in their frequency and magnitude as of June 2025. As we celebrate our Independence, every U.S. citizen should do some soul searching–to seek the soul of our nation. We call on our federal elected officials to work to ensure that enforced disappearances do not happen in our beloved country. As elected representatives and educators we demand to know where our constituents are being held and under what allegations. And we ask ICE agents to consider their actions. History did not look …

Medium Matters In Preparing For Law Practice: Critical E-Reading, Amanda L. Sholtis

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Uses And Abuses Of Johnson V. M’Intosh In Native American Land Rights Cases: Investigative Insights From The Indian Law Justice Files, John P. Lavelle

Faculty Scholarship

The 200th anniversary of the foundational Indian law decision Johnson v. M’Intosh has come and gone, with many scholars contributing criticism and commentary. The dominant focus has been the case’s notorious embrace of the so-called “doctrine of discovery,” an odious theory for rationalizing European nations’ claims of superior rights to lands occupied by Indigenous Native American peoples. Commanding less attention, however, is the Johnson decision’s core protective legal feature, i.e., its reinforcing the United States government’s duty to guard against the alienation of Indian lands through private, unauthorized acquisitions.

This Article offers a somewhat different appraisal of Johnson v. M’Intosh …

From Palimpsest To Prompt: Rewriting Shakespeare, Creative Authorship, And The Generative Logics Of Large Language Models In Contemporary Theatre, Michael Harding, James Hutson

Faculty Scholarship

This article examines the convergence of creative authorship, adaptation, and generative artificial intelligence within contemporary theatre, taking Michael Harding‘s Awake, Young King as a central case study. Through the rewriting of Shakespearean drama, Harding‘s creative process demonstrates how theatrical meaning emerges through ongoing negotiation among playwright, performer, and audience, with scripts historically subject to revision, improvisation, and reinterpretation. Concerns regarding copyright, intellectual property, and the role of AI in the performing arts are reframed as extensions of enduring debates over originality and authorship, rather than novel threats. Tracing the evolution from The Rise of James VI to Awake, Young King, …

Earth Day 2025: Albuquerque, Nm, Clifford Villa

Faculty Scholarship

This Earth Day 2025, I was at home in Albuquerque, New Mexico, where I was born and raised, where we measure time in family generations. For too long, I’ve been away. But returning home, I have new perspectives—and new technology. You may laugh, but I’ve discovered Merlin.

Digital Bibliography In The Age Of Linked Data, Kate Ozment

Faculty Scholarship

The article explores how the interplay of ideological values and technological capacities have shaped the digital bibliography of British print history. Using a misgendering in the English Short Title Catalogue (ESTC) as a case study, the article explores how information flows through resources like Eighteenth Century Collections Online (ECCO), and Early English Books Online (EEBO), library catalogues, WorldCat, and retail outlets like Amazon. The article argues that as data from the ESTC is reproduced through linked data structures, information is ‘authorized’ far beyond what a single resource would do alone or what its original authors imagined or designed. While feminist, …

Experimental Determination Of Diffusion Flame Extinction Boundaries Over A Pmma Sphere: The Effect Of Sub-Surface Solid Heating, James S. T'Ien, Chengyao Li

Faculty Scholarship

The SoFIE-GEL (Solid Fuel Ignition and Extinction-Growth and Extinction Limit) microgravity combustion experiment was recently conducted aboard the International Space Station (ISS). In these tests, diffusion flame extinction limits of 4-cm diameter PMMA (polymethacrylate) spheres were determined as a function of forced flows (0.2 to 80 cm/s), oxygen concentrations (13 % to 34 %) and pressure (0.15–1.1 atm). In particular, the effect of sample heat-up is investigated. The sample surface layer is preheated by the ignitor and the diffusion flame itself before the extinction procedure (e.g. flow velocity decrease or increase or oxygen decrease) is implemented. The degree of sample …

Liquid Power: Myths, Realities, And Policy Responses To Wall Street's Takeover Of Water Markets, Vanessa Casado-Pérez

Faculty Scholarship

In Don Quixote, there is a moment when all the knightly novels are thrown into the fire for their fantastical depictions of chivalry. Yet one book is spared: Tirant lo Blanc. It is saved because, unlike the others, it portrays knights who die in their beds-offering a more realistic depiction of medieval battles. Similarly, Liquid Asset stands out as the book that should be preserved from the extensive body of scholarship on water markets. Many works in this field are influenced by ideological biases that shape their analyses. In contrast, Buzz Thompson's books provides the nuance and balance often lacking …

The Role Of Proactive Management Based Regulation In Assisting Lawyers And Promoting Public Protection, Susan Saab Fortney

Faculty Scholarship

Increasingly, jurisdictions around the world are exploring and implementing proactive, management-based regulation (PMBR) as an alternative to traditional regulatory approaches that discipline attorneys after misconduct occurs. This essay examines the proof and potential of PMBR to empower lawyers and enhance public protection, while transforming the relationship between regulators and practicing lawyers. The essay is based on the Distinguished Lecture the author delivered at the Joseph G. Miller and William C. Becker Center for Professional Responsibility at the University of Akron School of Law.

Wealth Taxes Under The Constitution: An Originalist Analysis, David M. Schizer, Steven G. Calabresi

Faculty Scholarship

A federal wealth tax is high on the wish list of progressives, but is it constitutional? This Article shows that under the original public meaning of the Constitution, a wealth tax is a “direct tax” that must be apportioned. This means that the percentage of revenue collected in each state must match its percentage of the population. For instance, if two states both have three percent of the population, each must provide three percent of the revenue. This leads to an unappealing outcome: if one state is less wealthy, it needs a higher tax rate to supply its share.

Article …

Annual Review Of Seqra Cases And Developments, Michael B. Gerrard

Faculty Scholarship

The New York State Environmental Quality Review Act (SEQRA) turns 50 this year. The statute has changed only a little in the last half century, but it continues to be a font of litigation. The courts decided 43 cases under SEQRA in 2024.

Implementation of SEQRA is also raising policy issues. The legislature is considering whether to amend SEQRA to speed up affordable housing projects, and the State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) is drafting regulations concerning the role SEQRA should play in advancing environmental justice.

A constant theme is the tension between thoroughly studying important project impacts and involving …

A Conversation About Stare Decisis, Debra A. Livingston, John Q. Barrett

Faculty Scholarship

John Q. Barrett (“JQB”)

Chief Judge Debra Ann Livingston, welcome back to St. John’s.

The Chief Judge has been a friend to us for many years. It is an honor to host someone of her talent and someone in her position: the Chief Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.

We’re going to have a conversation for the first part of the program, about judging, her work, and stare decisis. But first, we need to meet you and hear a little bit about your background — where you are from — and the path that took …

Transforming The World With Reparations?, Ingrid Brunk, Monica Hakimi

Faculty Scholarship

Claims for reparations in international law commonly reflect two competing visions--one transformative, the other corrective. The transformative vision looks to reparations to end the long tail of injustices that are associated with large-scale historic harms. The corrective vision is more confined; it focuses on repairing specific, legally cognizable harms and returning the agents or entities involved as closely as possible to the status quo ante. We argue in this Essay that these two visions have distinct conceptual logics, even though they often overlap in practice, and that the transformative vision cannot carry the burdens that are placed on it.

Being And Becoming In The Algorithmic Age, Bernard E. Harcourt

Faculty Scholarship

To change the world: the prerequisite, most often, is to change our experience of the world, to experience the world differently, to be shaken to our foundations, to have one’s sense of self shattered. That is a process of both being and becoming. In order to turn that process in our favour, in this age of artificial intelligence, it will be crucial to transform data and algorithms into bits of justice.

Examining Pricing And Availability For Neglected Tropical Disease Therapies In The Us, Maple Goh, Kevin Outterson, Aaron S. Kesselheim

Faculty Scholarship

Background

Neglected tropical diseases primarily affect vulnerable populations in low-resource settings worldwide. In the US, neglected tropical diseases such as Chagas, soil-transmitted helminthiases, and other infections historically impacted immigrants but are increasingly relevant for US residents with climate change. We examined the pricing, prescribing rates, and supply of therapies used to treat neglected tropical diseases in the US and their implications for accessibility and patient care. Methods

A retrospective analysis of prescription rates, wholesale acquisition costs, and shortages was conducted for 11 treatment products from 2019 to 2024, aggregating data from Symphony Metys, First Databank, NAVLIN, Red Book, and the …

Dark Patterns As Disloyal Design, Johanna Gunawan, Woodrow Hartzog, Neil Richards, David Choffnes, Christo Wilson

Faculty Scholarship

Lawmakers have started to regulate “dark patterns,” understood to be design practices meant to influence technology users’ decisions through manipulative or deceptive means. Most agree that dark patterns are undesirable, but open questions remain as to which design choices should be subjected to scrutiny, much less the best way to regulate them.

In this Article, we propose adapting the concept of dark patterns to better fit legal frameworks. Critics allege that the legal conceptualizations of dark patterns are overbroad, impractical, and counterproductive. We argue that law and policy conceptualizations of dark patterns suffer from three deficiencies: First, dark patterns lack …

The Potential And Perils Of Financializing Climate Risk Governance: Insights For Urban Policymakers, Emma Colven, Madison Condon, Kelly Hereid, Savannah Cox

Faculty Scholarship

In this roundtable discussion, Savannah Cox speaks with three experts about the financialization of climate risk governance: Kelly Hereid, a climate scientist at Liberty Mutual, Madison Condon, an associate professor at Boston University School of Law, and Emma Colven, a lecturer in risk, environment, and society at King’s College London. In this conversation that ranges from Miami to Jakarta, Savannah, Kelly, Madison, and Emma discuss the legal, political, and technical challenges relating to financialized climate risk governance: on one hand, the rise of insurance companies and rating agencies as de facto “risk assessors” and, on the other hand, the proliferation …

Civilian Enforcers, Karen Pita Loor

Faculty Scholarship

This Article analyzes the largely unexplored phenomenon of militant civilians engaged in efforts to police and silence activism that challenges entrenched American power systems and economic distributions placing whites atop the social hierarchy in the United States. I argue that this civilian enforcement is an unregulated vessel for state-sponsored violence meant to silence the contestation of the existing racial hierarchy. While scholars, myself included, have written about the many ways police confront and silence racial justice activists on the streets at least since the beginning of the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement, the role law enforcement plays in silencing racial …

Boundary-Setting And Choice-Making With No "Adult" In The Room: Professional Identity Formation Opportunities For 1ls In The Transactional Context, Marni Goldstein Caputo, Kathleen Luz

Faculty Scholarship

Law schools are now required by the American Bar Association’s Standard 303(b)(3) to provide students with opportunities for professional identity formation throughout their legal education. It is critical that those opportunities be well-balanced and tied to the realities of practice. Yet until recently, we, as 1L lawyering skills professors at Boston University School of Law, only provided those opportunities in the litigation context. Further, our 1L lawyering skills curriculum was, since its inception, almost entirely steeped in litigation. This litigation focus matches neither the career trajectory nor the upper-level experiential opportunities of the majority of our students. In fact, transactional …

"What Shall Be Orthodox" In Polarized Times: Overview And Response To Commentators, Linda C. Mcclain, James E. Fleming

Faculty Scholarship

“If there is any fixed star in our constitutional constellation, it is that no official, high or petty, can prescribe what shall be orthodox in politics, nationalism, religion, or other matters of opinion or force citizens to confess by word or act their faith therein.” Justice Robert Jackson wrote this celebrated passage in his majority opinion in West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette (1943), which protected the First Amendment right of Jehovah’s Witness children not to participate in a compulsory flag salute in public schools. In recent years, protests against imposed orthodoxy—usually invoking Barnette—have occurred in …

An Originalist Case For Birthright Citizenship Of Unlawful Immigrants' Children: Anti-Gypsy And Anti-Chinese Restrictions As Context, Jed Handelsman Shugerman

Faculty Scholarship

The Trump administration and other opponents of birthright citizenship for the children of “unlawful immigrants” make the following originalist claim about the Fourteenth Amendment: Even if the clause meant birthright citizenship, it applies today only to “lawful immigrants,” because the category of “unlawful immigrant” or “illegal immigrant” did not exist in the 1860s, when the clause was written and ratified. Opponents also argue that the Fourteenth Amendment’s citizenship clause originally implied a “loyalty” or “allegiance” requirement.

These assertions are historically inaccurate.

To the contrary, the concept of “unlawful immigrants” existed in the 1850s-60s, and Americans ratified birthright citizenship without indicating …

A Historical Case For A Robust But Non-Remedial Seventh Amendment, Jed Handelsman Shugerman

Faculty Scholarship

In Jarkesy, the Supreme Court rightly held that the Seventh Amendment required a jury trial for a case fundamentally similar to common law fraud, and it rightly limited the scope of the “public rights” exception to the Seventh Amendment. Grounded in historical and originalist methods, this essay makes four suggestions after Jarkesy:

1. Following Jarkesy, the judiciary should continue a more robust enforcement of the Seventh Amendment right to a jury trial. The courts should eliminate the “public rights” exception to the Seventh Amendment, which does not appear to have an original link to the Seventh Amendment. The …

Taxprof Blog Op-Ed: More On The University Of Florida, The Adjunct Professor, And The Issues At Hand, Joshua E. Kastenberg

Faculty Scholarship

In assessing the conduct of the University of Florida’s law school leaders, Preston Damsky, Judge John Badalamenti, and the New York Times, I’ll concede that it is darn near impossible for any of us to be objective. But I’d like to contribute to this conversation in a way that at least attempts a degree of objectivity. This comment focuses on the judge turned adjunct professor, but to do so, there is a matter of context.

Voclosporin‐Induced Gingival Enlargement: A Case Report, Dimitris N. Tatakis

Faculty Scholarship

The gingiva (gums) is often a site in the mouth where changes or reactions can occur in response to certain systemic medications. Some drugs, particularly those used to treat autoimmune conditions or following organ transplants, can cause the gums to grow excessively, a condition known as drug-induced gingival enlargement (also known as gingival overgrowth). In this report, we document the case of a 27-year-old woman with lupus nephritis who developed gingival enlargement after starting a medication called voclosporin. This drug is a newer treatment option for lupus nephritis, but until now had not been linked to gingival enlargement. The patient …

Grid Fragility, Blackouts, And Control Co-Design Solutions, Mario Garcia-Sanz

Faculty Scholarship

The grid is undergoing a large-scale transformation, including a significant reduction of synchronous generators, a high penetration of inverter-based resources and renewables, substantial demand growth, new extra-large loads, aging infrastructure and a concerning vulnerability to contingencies. Some of the recent massive blackouts in Spain/Portugal, Chile and Texas are exposing the fragility of the grid as we know it today. This paper introduces new solutions to stabilize the grid under undesired dynamic interactions and extreme contingencies, with the goal of avoiding cascading failures and blackouts. Using control co-design methodologies, the paper proposes three interdependent categories to improve the reliability and controllability …

Intraspecific Competition Can Promote Population-Level Specialization, Abdel H. Halloway

Faculty Scholarship

The hypothesis of competitive diversification asserts that increased intraspecific competition will cause a population to generalize in resource use. The reasoning is that as preferred resources are depleted, individuals which use alternative resources become more fit, leading to an overall broadening of resource use. However, recent studies have shown instances of the opposite effect: increased intraspecific competition leading to increased population resource specialization. We explored how intraspecific competition could affect population resource specialization by creating an evolutionary game theoretic consumer-resource model in which individuals have both resource use preference and resource use breadth which are flexible and adaptable. Using this …

Effects Of Heating Orientation On Flow Boiling In Copper Manifold Microchannel Heat Sinks, Huigang Wang, Yue Qiu, Jennifer Carter, James Mcguffin-Cawley, Chirag R. Kharangate

Faculty Scholarship

Recently, two-phase cooling configurations are being proposed to meet the power dissipation requirements of high heat flux electronic devices. Flow boiling in Manifold Microchannel (MMC) offers high heat transfer coefficients with low pressure drops, making it a popular choice. While many studies have explored flow boiling in microchannels, the influence of heating orientation in MMCs with complex 3D flow paths has not been investigated thoroughly. In this study, experiments are conducted to investigate the effects of heating orientations and mass flow rates on heat transfer performance, pressure drop, and the hysteresis phenomenon during flow boiling in a copper manifold microchannel …

Risk-Sensitive Markov-Perfect Equilibrium, Matthew J. Sobel

Faculty Scholarship

We investigate the existence and structure of Markov-perfect equilibria of discrete-time dynamic games in which players are risk averse and have time preferences consistent with discounting. We establish the existence of a Markov-perfect equilibrium when each player strives to maximize the expected exponential utility of the present value of the time stream of rewards. Also, we give sufficient conditions for a Markov-perfect equilibrium to be myopic, namely to be a sequence of Nash equilibria of static games. The myopia results are applied to a dynamic oligopoly model in which firms choose prices and production quantities, encounter stochastic demand and hold …