Digital Commons Network^™

Predicting Violent Behavior: What Can Neuroscience Add?, David L. Faigman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

El Salvador-- A Peace Worse Than War: Violence, Gender And A Failed Legal Response, Karen Musalo

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Contextualizing The Corporate Rights Movement In Transactional Clinics, Alina S. Ball

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Litigating Alternative Facts: School Mandates In The Courts, Dorit Rubinstein Reiss

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

From Bits To Atoms: Does The Open Source Software Model Translate To Open Source Hardware, Dana Beldiman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Federal Laboratories Of Democracy, Dave Owen, Hannah J. Wiseman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Safeguarding Development: Risk Reduction In Us Government Foreign Aid And Investment Facilitation Beyond The Current Patchwork, Naomi Roht-Arriaza

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Artificial Intelligence: The Importance Of Trust & Distrust, Robin Feldman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

May Your Drug Price Be Evergreen, Robin Feldman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Black And Gay Community Involvement And Hiv-Related Risk Behaviors Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men, Dexter R. Voisin

Faculty Scholarship

Black gay men must navigate identities and stigmas related to being gay and Black, and report higher HIV incidence relative to their White male counterparts although they report lower rates of drug use and risky sexual behaviors. This study examined whether closeness to the gay or Black community correlated with HIV-related risk and protective behaviors. Data were drawn from uConnect, a population-based cohort study of young Black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) on Chicago's South Side. The sample consists of 618 Black MSM ranging in age from 16 to 29. Cross-sectional measures for this study include Black and …

How Primary Care Can Contribute To Good Mental Health In Adults, Kurt C. Stange

Faculty Scholarship

The need for support for good mental health is enormous. General support for good mental health is needed for 100% of the population, and at all stages of life, from early childhood to end of life. Focused support is needed for the 17.6% of adults who have a mental disorder at any time, including those who also have a mental health problem amongst the 30% who report having a long-term condition of some kind. All sectors of society and all parts of the NHS need to play their part. Primary care cannot do this on its own. This paper describes …

Modifiable Lifestyle Risk Factors For Stroke Among A High Risk Hypertensive Population In Greater Kampala, Uganda; A Cross-Sectional Study, Carol Blixen, Elisabeth Welter, Martha Sajatovic

Faculty Scholarship

Objective: To describe the modifiable lifestyle risk factors for stroke among a high risk population for stroke. Africa suffers from rapid population growth, adoption of harmful western diets, and increased prevalence of hypertension and obesity. Results: A total of 440 study participants were screened and 87 individuals with hypertension plus at least one other known stroke risk factor were enrolled. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the screened population was 19.7 and 1.8%, respectively. Among those with hypertension only 2.3% (2/87) had ever had serum lipid assessment. Seventy-two percent (68/87) had very high serum LDL-cholesterol, while 33.3% (29/87) …

Making The Most Of Cooperative Federalism: What The Clean Power Plan Has Already Achieved, Gabriel Pacyniak

Faculty Scholarship

The fate of the EPA's Clean Power Plan-the signature Obama Administration action to reduce greenhouse gas ("GHG") emissions from existing power plants under the Clean Air Act-is uncertain at best given pending litigation and the opposition of President Donald Trump. Despite this uncertainty, the development of the Clean Power Plan provides an important case study of how rulemaking under a cooperative federalism statutory structure can prompt broad, beneficial policy engagement by states and stakeholders, even in a contentious regulatory action. In the development of the Clean Power Plan, active state and stakeholder engagement and an iterative process of "trying on" …

Sympathy For The Devil: Gawker, Thiel, And Newsworthiness, Amy Gajda

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Ecosystem Of Bioethics: Building Bridges To Public Health, Peter J. Whitehouse

Faculty Scholarship

Understanding bioethical inquiry as ecosystem aligns that thinking about health conceptually close to public health ethics. Despite having roots in decades-long, culturally-diverse, and disciplinarily-broad concerns about the relationships of human beings to environment as manifest in the work of Fritz Jahr and Van Rensselaer Potter, medical "mainstream" bioethics has maintained a relatively narrow focus on individual health. The practical instantiations of bioethics are inconsistent both with the term's own historical international contexts and the ecosystemic nature of health, a concept of systems that includes both cultural and biological interactions. Following a growing number of international calls for such change in …

Plenary Power In The Modern Administrative State, Catherine Y. Kim

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Audacity Of Protecting Racist Speech Under The National Labor Relations Act, Michael Z. Green

Faculty Scholarship

This Article, written for a symposium hosted by the University of Chicago Legal Forum on the Disruptive Workplace, analyzes the most recent failures of the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) to determine a thoughtful and balanced approach in addressing racist speech. Imagine two employees in the private sector workplace are discussing the possibility of selecting a union to represent their interests regarding wages and working conditions. During this conversation, a black employee notes the importance of using their collective voices to improve working conditions and compares the activity of selecting a union with the Black Lives Matter protests aimed at …

American Contract Law For A Global Age, Franklin G. Snyder, Mark Burge

Faculty Scholarship

American Contract Law for a Global Age by Franklin G. Snyder and Mark Edwin Burge of Texas A&M University School of Law is a casebook designed primarily for the first-year Contracts course as it is taught in American law schools, but is configured so as to be usable either as a primary text or a supplement in any upper-level U.S. or foreign class that seeks to introduce American contract law to students.

Discovery, Research, And Development Of New Antibiotics: The Who Priority List Of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria And Tuberculosis, Evelina Tacconelli, Elena Carrara, Alessia Savoldi, Stephan Harbarth, Marc Mendelson, Dominique L. Monnet, Celine Pulcini, Gunnar Kahlmeter, Jan Kluytmans, Yehuda Carmeli, Marc Ouellette, Kevin Outterson, Jean Patel, Marco Cavaleri, Edward M. Cox, Chris R. Houchens, M Lindsay Grayson, Paul Hansen, Nalini Singh, Ursula Theuretzbacher, Nicola Magrini, Who Pathogens Priority List Working Group

Faculty Scholarship

Summary

Background The spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a substantial threat to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to its large public health and societal implications, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis has been long regarded by WHO as a global priority for investment in new drugs. In 2016, WHO was requested by member states to create a priority list of other antibiotic-resistant bacteria to support research and development of effective drugs.

Methods We used a multicriteria decision analysis method to prioritise antibiotic-resistant bacteria; this method involved the identification of relevant criteria to assess priority against which each antibiotic-resistant bacterium was rated. The final priority …

Comments On Preliminary Draft 3 [Black Letter And Comments], Jane C. Ginsburg, June M. Besek

Faculty Scholarship

The absence of stated principles underlying the articulation of the black letter and comments – principles that the Reporters have said they will provide at the end of the process – continues to trouble the Draft. It remains unclear whether the Reporters are synthesizing positive law, or seeking to reform it. We are not contending that ALI should not push for law reform (even though Principles or some other form might provide a preferable and more transparent vehicle for aspirational endeavors), but we do think the objectives and methodology should be clear from the outset. We remain concerned that ALI’s …

Ai And Jobs: The Role Of Demand, James Bessen

Faculty Scholarship

In manufacturing, technology has sharply reduced jobs in recent decades. But before that, for over a century, employment grew, even in industries experiencing rapid technological change. What changed? Demand was highly elastic at first and then became inelastic. The effect of artificial intelligence (AI) on jobs will similarly depend critically on the nature of demand. This paper presents a simple model of demand that accurately predicts the rise and fall of employment in the textile, steel, and automotive industries. This model provides a useful framework for exploring how AI is likely to affect jobs over the next 10 or 20 …

The Antitrusting Of Patentability, Saurabh Vishnubhakat

Faculty Scholarship

Deciding a patent’s validity is costly, and so is deciding it incorrectly. Judges and juries must expend significant resources in order to reach a patent validity determination that is properly informed by the relevant facts. At the same time, patent validity determinations reached quickly and cheaply may conserve resources today while creating future costs. Wrongly preserving an invalid patent can distort the competitive market and enable abuses, such as nuisance litigation. Meanwhile, wrongly striking down a valid patent can undermine incentives for continued investment and commercialization in knowledge assets. Courts facing patent validity issues have begun to strike this balance …

Reducing Transportation Emissions In The Northeast And Mid-Atlantic: Fuel System Considerations, Gabriel Pacyniak, Drew Veysey, James Bradbury

Faculty Scholarship

In support of states interested in learning more about market-based policy options, the Georgetown Climate Center developed Reducing Transportation Emissions in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic: Fuel System Considerations to explore technical aspects of a possible regional cap-and-invest policy, as an illustrative example of a market-based approach to a multi-state transportation policy. The paper focuses on two subjects: which fuels might be covered under a policy, and which entities in the transportation fuel supply chain might be responsible for reducing emissions.

The recommendations made in this paper are intended to support robust market-based policies that provide flexibility and enable innovation while …

Pathways To Delinquency And Substance Use Among African American Youth: Does Future Orientation Mediate The Effects Of Peer Norms And Parental Monitoring?, Dexter R. Voisin

Faculty Scholarship

The following study assessed whether future orientation mediated the effects of peer norms and parental monitoring on delinquency and substance use among 549 African American adolescents. Structural equation modeling computed direct and indirect (meditational) relationships between parental monitoring and peer norms through future orientation. Parental monitoring significantly correlated with lower delinquency through future orientation (B = −.05, standard deviation =.01, p <.01). Future orientation mediated more than quarter (27.70%) of the total effect of parental monitoring on delinquency. Overall findings underscore the importance of strengthening resilience factors for African American youth, especially those who live in low-income communities.

Thinking About The Trans-Pacific Partnership (And A Mega-Regional Agreement On Life Support), Peter K. Yu

Faculty Scholarship

Commissioned for a conference on the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) at VNU University of Economics & Law in Vietnam, this article provides a retrospective analysis of the partnership. It begins with a historical overview of the TPP. The article then examines the partnership’s status in light of the United States' withdrawal and contends that the TPP will exert considerable influence regardless of whether it is dead or alive.

The second half of this article identifies three interrelated but distinct aspects of the TPP: (1) as a TRIPS-plus intellectual property agreement; (2) as a regional investment agreement; and (3) as a plurilateral …

Increased Cancer-Specific Mortality In Individuals Developing Mental Disorders After Cancer Diagnosis: Biomedical Factors Versus Psychosocial Support, Siran M. Koroukian, Martha Sajatovic

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Cruise Report. Cuba's Twilight Zone Reefs: Remotely Operated Vehicle Surveys Of Deep/Mesophotic Coral Reefs And Associated Fish Communities Of Cuba., John K. Reed, Stephanie Farrington, Patricia Gonzalez-Diaz, Linnet Busutil Lopez, Beatriz Martínez-Daranas, Dorka Rojas Cobián, Joshua Voss, Dennis M. Hanisak, Maria Cristina Ronda Diaz, Mingshun Jiang, Michael Studivan, Andrew David, Felicia Drummond, Juliett Gonzalez Mendez, Alain Rodriguez Garcia, Patricia M. González-Sanchez, Jorge Viamontes Fernández, Daniel Estrada Pérez, Lance Horn, Jason White, Shirley A. Pomponi

Faculty Scholarship

The purpose of this research cruise was to discover and characterize, for the first time, the extent of mesophotic reefs along the entire coastline of Cuba, and to compare the health and connectivity (physical, genetic and ecological) among both mesophotic and previously well-characterized shallow reef systems in Cuba, the southeastern United States, and Gulf of Mexico (in particular, the FGBNMS and FKNMS). Moreover, the project will directly address a recommendation in the Report from MarCuba (2015) in which the U.S. and Cuban participants in this project stated their intention to initiate an international collaboration.

Project Ngage: Results Of A Randomized Controlled Trial Of A Dyadic Network Support Intervention To Retain Young Black Men Who Have Sex With Men In Hiv Care, Dexter R. Voisin

Faculty Scholarship

HIV-positive young black MSM (YBMSM) experience poor outcomes along the HIV care continuum, yet few interventions have been developed expressly for YBMSM retention in care. Project nGage was a randomized controlled trial conducted across five Chicago clinics with 98 HIV-positive YBMSM aged 16–29 between 2012 and 2015. The intervention used a social network elicitation approach with index YBMSM (n = 45) to identify and recruit a support confidant (SC) to the study. Each index-SC dyad met with a social worker to improve HIV-care knowledge, activate dyadic social support, and develop a retention in care plan. Each index and SC also …

End (Finally) The Boli And Coli Tax Subsidy, David I. Walker

Faculty Scholarship

Under current law, bank-owned life insurance (BOLI) and other corporate-owned life insurance (COLI) provide a tax-advantaged means of accumulating assets to fund employee and executive benefit programs, provide insurance against the loss of a pivotal employee (“key person” insurance), or fund buy-sell agreements that are sometimes used to resolve succession issues at closely held companies. In a typical arrangement, an employer pays the premiums and receives the proceeds from the policy. BOLI and COLI products combine insurance with investment and generate tax benefits in two ways. First, taxation of gains accruing between investment and payout is deferred. Second, if payouts …

Proteomics And Network Analyses Reveal Inhibition Of Akt-Mtor Signaling In Cd4+ T Cells By Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Mannose-Capped Lipoarabinomannan, Ahmad F. Karim, Obondo J. Sande, Sara E. Tomechko, Xuedong Ding, Ming Li, Sean Maxwell, Clifford V. Harding, Roxana E. Rojas, Mark R. Chance, W. Henry Boom

Faculty Scholarship

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) cell wall glycolipid mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan (ManLAM) inhibits CD4+ T-cell activation by inhibiting proximal T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling when activated by anti-CD3. To understand the impact of ManLAM on CD4+ T-cell function when both the TCR–CD3 complex and major costimulator CD28 are engaged, we performed label-free quantitative MS and network analysis. Mixed-effect model analysis of peptide intensity identified 149 unique peptides representing 131 proteins that were differentially regulated by ManLAM in anti-CD3- and anti-CD28-activated CD4+ T cells. Crosstalker, a novel network analysis tool identified dysregulated translation, TCA cycle, and RNA metabolism network modules. PCNA, Akt, mTOR, and UBC …