Digital Commons Network^™

The Chicago Conspiracy Trial: Character And Judicial Discretion, Pnina Lahav

Faculty Scholarship

On October 29, 1969, sometime after two o'clock in the afternoon, following yet another heated exchange with defendant Bobby Seale in a courtroom full of spectators, reporters, and armed guards, Judge Julius Jennings Hoffman turned to a marshal and ordered: "Take that defendant into the room in there and deal with him as he should be dealt with in this circumstance."' Judge Hoffman described the aftermath:

In an attempt to maintain order in the courtroom, the Court thereupon ordered the defendant Seale removed from the courtroom at which time he was forcibly restrained by binding and gagging. The defendant Seale …

Statutory Interpretation In The Courtroom, The Classroom, And Canadian Legal Literature, Stephen F. Ross

Faculty Scholarship

In recent years, judges and scholars in Canada and the United States are devoting more attention to the theory and techniques involved in statutory interpretation. Although some advocate "foundational" theories to answer all theories of interpretation, most difficult cases require a pragmatic approach that requires analysis of the statutory text, original legislative intent, and legislative purpose in light of modern circumstances. Moreover, the most difficult cases may not be answerable by any of these approaches. In difficult cases, judges often resort to "normative canons" - rules they created to further a jurisprudence they desire. These canons need to be closely …

How Good Is Good Enough?: Expert Evidence Under Daubert And Kuhmo, David H. Kaye, David L. Faigman, Michael J. Saks, Joseph Sanders

Faculty Scholarship

This essay is a response to Professor Edward Imwinkelried's article, "Should the Courts Incorporate a Best Evidence Rule into the Standard Determining the Admissibility of Scientific Testimony?: Enough is Enough When it is not the Best." The authors have two basic points. First, the authors wish to make it clear that they never proposed the "best evidence rule" that he so vigorously attacks, and they think his suggestion that they did so is strained. Second, they wish to reiterate that courts sometimes should do more than they have to ensure that expert testimony is reasonably sound. The important debate underway …

Variations On Some Themes Of A Disporting Gazelle And His Friend: Statutory Interpretation As Seen By Jerome Frank And Felix Frankfurter, Kent Greenawalt

Faculty Scholarship

In 1947, this Review published two lectures on statutory interpretation by Jerome Frank and Felix Frankfurter. Both jurists were concerned with a basic question: How constrained are judges when they interpret legislation? The answers each gives, while similar in some respects, differ strikingly. In arguing that interpretation necessarily involves a creative element, Frank analogizes the role of a judge in interpreting legislation to that of a performer in interpreting a musical composition. Although he argues that judicial creativity is constrained, Frank views statutory interpretation as "a kind of legislation." For Frankfurter, by contrast, in construing a statute, a judge is …

Introduction: The European Union As An International Actor, Petros C. Mavroidis

Faculty Scholarship

The notorious ERTA decision by the European Court of Justice (ECJ), if viewed from a federalist perspective independently of its legal merits, represents an equilibrium: the quantity of the sovereignty transferred from European Community (EC) Member States to the Community at the internal (intra-EC) level equals the quantity of sovereignty that the Community can exercise on behalf of the EC Member States on the international scene.

The ECJ's Opinion 1/94 casts some doubt upon this statement by restrictively interpreting the Community competence with respect to international trade negotiations. Opinion 1/94, however, is not a drastic departure from the ERTA case …

Gang Loitering, The Court, And Some Realism About Police Patrol, Debra A. Livingston

Faculty Scholarship

When the Supreme Court voted to review the decision of the Illinois Supreme Court holding Chicago's "gang loitering" ordinance invalid on federal constitutional grounds, it seemed plausible that City of Chicago v Morales would be the occasion for a major statement from the Court on a set of complex issues – issues including not only the nature of the police officer's authority to maintain order in public places, but also the relative roles of politics and judicial decision making in delineating both the limits on this authority and the latitude left to police to employ discretion in its exercise. After …

World Music On A U.S. Stage: A Berne/Trips And Economic Analysis Of The Fairness In Music Licensing Act, Laurence R. Helfer

Faculty Scholarship

This article analyzes the dispute settlement proceedings pending before the World Trade Organization (WTO) concerning the Fairness in Music License Act of 1998, a new provision of the US Copyright Act that exempts many bars, restaurants, and retail stores from paying license fees for performing broadcast music in their establishments. In May 1999, the European Community challenged the Act, and its predecessor "homestyle exemption," as a violation of the Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs) and the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (Berne). The FMLA dispute is the first time in …

The Section 5 Mystique, Morrison, And The Future Of Federal Antidiscrimination Law, Margaret H. Lemos, Samuel Estreicher

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Quartering Species: The Living Constitution, The Third Amendment, And The Endangered Species Act, Andrew P. Morriss, Richard L. Stroup

Faculty Scholarship

The authors argue that the fundamental flaw in the Endangered Species Act (ESA) is that it fails to force government decision makers to consider the opportunity cost of their actions, resulting in flawed decision making that imposes heavy costs on landowners without actually protecting endangered species. The authors develop this analysis through an examination of the ESA in light of the modern "living Constitution" theory of interpretation. They conclude that under this theory the ESA's "quartering of species" on private land violates the Third Amendment's ban on quartering soldiers.

Whatever Happened To Anti-Semitism? How Social Science Theories Identify Discrimination And Promote Coalitions Between "Different" Minorities, Clark Freshman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Enlarging The Administrative Polity: Administrative Law And The Changing Definition Of Pluralism, 1945-1970, Reuel E. Schiller

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Tularosa And The Dismantling Of New Mexico Community Ditches, G. Emlen Hall

Faculty Scholarship

In the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth, contested claims to the water of a small stream in south-central New Mexico produced a storm of legal activity. The maelstrom arose out of the tangled complications surrounding the development of non-Indian water rights to the Tularosa Creek. The creek was a small spring-fed stream that headed on the Mescalero Apache Indian homelands in the Sacramento Mountains. From its beginnings, the creek ran west, first through a narrow canyon and then out onto a broad plain before petering out in the porous White Sands. Between …

Benign Neglect Reconsidered, Richard L. Marcus

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Limits Of Privilege: The Developing Scope Of Federal Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege Law, Melissa Lee Nelken

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Civic Discourse Amid Cultural Transformation, Calvin R. Massey

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Free Speech And Expertise: Administrative Censorship And The Birth Of The Modern First Amendment, Reuel E. Schiller

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

When Those Who Do Teach: The Consequences Of Law Firm Education For Business Law Education, James A. Fanto

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Locus Of Lawmaking: Uniform State Law, Federal Law, And Bankruptcy Reform, Edward J. Janger

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Emerging Law Of The Digital Domain And The Contract/Ip Interface: An Antipodean Perspective, Samuel K. Murumba

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

William H. Simon: Thinking Like A Lawyer – About Ethics, William H. Simon, Robert D. Taylor, Bruce S. Ledewitz, Margaret K. Krasik, Sean P. Kealy

Faculty Scholarship

This is the edited text of a panel discussion held as part of the legal ethics curriculum at Duquesne University Law School on October 24, 1999. The speakers have had the opportunity to update and correct this text; therefore, this printed version may deviate slightly from what was presented.

Complaints, Anita Bernstein

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Strategic Management Planning In Improving The Representation Of Clients: A Child Advocacy Example, Jane M. Spinak

Faculty Scholarship

This article will discuss my experience managing a legal organization representing children – the Juvenile Rights Division (JRD) that Schinitsky began thirty-eight years ago – by exploring the interactive role that organizational management plays in enhancing the quality of child client representation. Part I briefly examines two issues: the historic and systemic context of court-based practice within JRD and the way in which changes in child welfare law and policies since 1979 have affected the ability of lawyers to represent child clients through this court-based practice. Part II presents a model for restructuring organizational conventions and patterns in order to …

The Future Claims Representative In Mass Tort Bankruptcy: A Preliminary Inquiry, Frederick Tung

Faculty Scholarship

Mass torts have becomemoved center stage in the courts, the academy, and the popular press. The plight of mass tort victims—asbestos victims, Dalkon shield users, breast implant recipients, among others—has become standard fare in the media., and cCourts and commentators have struggled for several decades attempting to craft just and workable solutionsresolutions of mass tort liabilities. The challenge is to save the business, restructuring its debts, while providing fair treatment to future claimants and achieving a final resolution of their rights against the business.

Adverse Drug Reactions: Harnessing Experiential Data To Promote Patient Welfare, Barbara A. Noah

Faculty Scholarship

Part I of this Article evaluates the pre-approval and post-approval regulatory framework governing prescription drugs, and the FDA's spontaneous reporting system for adverse events, as it contrasts that system with the regulatory mechanisms used to monitor risks associated with other products. Part II summarizes the recent series of prescription drug marketing withdrawals prompted by reports of unexpected adverse reactions. Finally, Part III offers some possible solutions designed to improve the efficiency of postapproval surveillance so that fewer patients will suffer the consequences of unexpected adverse drug reactions and interactions. This Article concludes that the existing regulatory system requires fundamental reprioritization …

Separate But Equal?: The Supreme Court, The Lower Federal Courts, And The Nature Of The "Judicial Power", Ashutosh Bhagwat

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Is Global Governance Safe For Democracy?, Joel R. Paul

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Guns, Extremists, And The Constitution, Calvin R. Massey

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Debating The Field Civil Code 105 Years Late, Andrew P. Morriss, Scott J. Burnham, James C. Nelson

Faculty Scholarship

In 1895, Montana adopted a version of the Field Civil Code--a massive law originally drafted by New York lawyer David Dudley Field in the early 1860s. The Civil Code (and its companion Political, Penal, and Procedural Codes) were adopted without debate, without legislative scrutiny, and without Montanans having an opportunity to grasp the enormity of the changes the Codes brought to the Montana legal system. In sponsoring this debate over whether to repeal the Civil Code, the Montana Law Review is finally giving Montana the opportunity to examine the merits of the Civil Code that she was denied 105 years …

Caught Between Two Systems: How Exceptional Children In Out-Of-Home Care And Denied Equality In Education, Cynthia Godsoe

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Public Choice Of Choice Of Law In Software Transactions: Jurisdictional Competition And The Dim Prospects For Uniformity, Edward J. Janger

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.