Digital Commons Network^™

Survival And Growth Of Triploid Eastern Oysters, Crassostrea Virginica, Produced From Wild Diploids Collected From Low-Salinity Areas, Sarah Bodenstein, Brian R. Callam, William C. Walton, F. Scott Rikard, Terrence R. Tiersch, Jerome F. La Peyre

Faculty Publications

Triploid Eastern oysters have been reported to suffer greater mortalities than diploids when exposed to low-salinity (<5) conditions in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic estuaries. As such, the effect of broodstock parentage was investigated on the low-salinity tolerance of triploid progeny produced by mating diploid females (collected from three Louisiana estuaries differing in salinity regimes) with male tetraploids at two hatcheries. Diploid crosses were also produced using the wild broodstocks to verify expected differences in low-salinity tolerance among diploid progeny and between ploidy levels. All progeny were deployed at low and moderate-salinity (averages of 9.3 and 19.4) field sites to monitor monthly growth and mortality. Sex ratio, gametogenic stage, gonad-to-body ratio, condition index, and Perkinsus marinus infection were also measured periodically at both field sites Although high triploid mortality at the low-salinity site prevented complete analysis, results indicated that diploid parentage had little effect on triploid survival at low salinity. Broodstock parentage affected diploid mortality and growth, although results did not match with predictions made based on historical salinity at broodstock collection sites. Ploidy level had the largest effect on triploid survival and growth followed by the hatchery site where the oysters were produced.

Three- And Four-Point Functions In Cpt -Even Lorentz-Violating Scalar Qed, Brett Altschul, L. C.T. Brito, J. C.C. Felipe, S. Karki, A. C. Lehum, A. Yu Petrov

Faculty Publications

The renormalization of quantum field theories usually assumes Lorentz and gauge symmetries, besides the general restrictions imposed by unitarity and causality. However, the set of renormalizable theories can be enlarged by relaxing some of these assumptions. In this work, we consider the particular case of a CPT-preserving but Lorentz-breaking extension of scalar QED. For this theory, we calculate the one-loop radiative corrections to the three- and four-point scalar-vector vertex functions, at the lowest order in the Lorentz-violation parameters, and we explicitly verify that the resulting low-energy effective action is compatible with the usual gauge invariance requirements. With these results, we …

Multicollinearity Applied Stepwise Stochastic Imputation: A Large Dataset Imputation Through Correlation‑Based Regression, Benjamin D. Leiby, Darryl K. Ahner

Faculty Publications

This paper presents a stochastic imputation approach for large datasets using a correlation selection methodology when preferred commercial packages struggle to iterate due to numerical problems. A variable range-based guard rail modification is proposed that benefits the convergence rate of data elements while simultaneously providing increased confidence in the plausibility of the imputations. A large country conflict dataset motivates the search to impute missing values well over a common threshold of 20% missingness. The Multicollinearity Applied Stepwise Stochastic imputation methodology (MASS-impute) capitalizes on correlation between variables within the dataset and uses model residuals to estimate unknown values. Examination of the …

Enhanced Magnetocaloric Effects In Metastable Phases Of Mn1- X Cox Nige Generated Through Thermal Quenching And High-Pressure Annealing, Tej Poudel Chhetri, Jing Han Chen, Anthony T. Grant, David P. Young, Igor Dubenko, Saikat Talapatra, Naushad Ali, Shane Stadler

Faculty Publications

Metastable phases were formed in Mn1-xCoxNiGe (x = 0.05 and 0.08) by annealing at 800 °C followed by rapid cooling, i.e., quenching, at ambient pressure (P = 0) and under a pressure of P = 3.5 GPa, and their phase transitions and associated magnetocaloric properties were investigated. The crystal cell volumes of the metastable phases decreased, and their structural transitions significantly shifted to lower temperatures relative to those of the slow-cooled compounds, with a greater reduction observed in the samples where the rapid cooling occurred under high pressures. The magnetic and structural transitions coupled to form a magnetostructural transition in …

Changes In The Mechanical Performance Of An Ortho-Planar Spring After Aging Tests, Lucas F. L. Santos, Larry L. Howell, Jose J. R. D’Almeida

Faculty Publications

This paper analyzed an ortho-planar spring (OPS) compliant mechanism and evaluated its mechanical performance after hygrothermal and ultraviolet radiation aging tests. The aging analysis performed here addresses the performance of compliant mechanisms after aging processes which can help inform the design of future compliant mechanisms. ASTM D638 tensile test type I samples were also submitted to aging to serve as a comparison for OPS samples. The samples were submitted to three different kinds of aging conditions, namely water immersion, oil immersion, and ultraviolet radiation. In conclusion, tensile samples showed significant statistical changes in Young's modulus and elongation at break, whereas …

Enhanced Phase Sensitivity In A Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Via Photon Recycling, Dong Li, Chun Hua Yuan, Xiaoping Ma, Qingle Wang, Hwang Lee, Yao Yao, Weiping Zhang

Faculty Publications

We propose an alternative scheme for phase estimation in a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) with photon recycling. It is demonstrated that with the same coherent-state input and homodyne detection, our proposal possesses a phase sensitivity beyond the traditional MZI. For instance, it can achieve an enhancement factor of ∼9.32 in the phase sensitivity compared with the conventional scheme even with a photon loss of 10% on the photon-recycled arm. From another point of view, the quantum Cramér-Rao bound (QCRB) is also investigated. It is found that our scheme is able to achieve a lower QCRB than the traditional one. Intriguingly, the …

Comparative-Effectiveness Of Oral Beta-Lactams And Fluoroquinolones For Stepdown Therapy In Patients With Enterobacterales Bloodstream Infections: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Lauren Bjork Ph.D., Teri Hopkins Ph.D., Linda Yang Ph.D., Chengwen Teng Pharm.D., Ph.D., Xavier Jones Bs, Jose Cadena, Elizabeth Walter, Christopher R. Frei Pham.D., Ms

Faculty Publications

Background: This study compares treatment failure for patients who received oral beta-lactams (BLs) and fluoroquinolones (FQs) for stepdown treatment of Enterobacterales bloodstream infections (BSIs).

Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective, age- and sex-matched, cohort study, at a Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital in South Texas. Eligible patients were at least 18 years of age with a monomicrobial BSI treated with a single oral BL or FQ antibiotic. Treatment failure was defined as recurrence or all-cause mortality within 90 days of documented BSI. Bivariate (chi-square, Fisher's Exact, and Wilcoxon Rank Sum) and multivariate (logistic regression) statistical tests were used to compare groups. …

Acquisition Of New Function Through Gene Duplication In The Metallocarboxypeptidase Family, Daniel Fajardo, Ritchie Saint Jean, Peter J. Lyons

Faculty Publications

Gene duplication is a key frst step in the process of expanding the functionality of a multigene family. In order to better understand the process of gene duplication and its role in the formation of new enzymes, we investigated recent duplication events in the M14 family of proteolytic enzymes. Within vertebrates, four of 23 M14 genes were frequently found in duplicate form. While AEBP1, CPXM1, and CPZ genes were duplicated once through a large-scale, likely whole-genome duplication event, the CPO gene underwent many duplication events within fsh and Xenopus lineages. Bioinformatic analyses of enzyme specifcity and conservation suggested a greater …

Evidence Of Sea Level Rise At The Peruvian Coast (1942-2019), Bismarck Jigena-Antelo, Carol Estrada-Ludeña, Stephan Howden, Wilmer Rey, Jorge Paz-Acosta, Patricia Lopez-García, Eric Salazar-Rodriguez, Nieves Endrina, Juan J. Muñoz-Pérez

Faculty Publications

The present work aims to analyze the variability of the sea level of the Peruvian coast with time series over a long observation period (Seventy-eight years, from 1942 to 2019). Data came from the Talara, Callao and Matarani tide gauge stations located at the north, center and south of the coast. Variations of sea level as well as air and seawater surface temperature were analyzed. Among the different scenarios studied, a sea level rise of 6.79, 4.21 and 5.16 mm/year for Talara, Callao and Matarani, respectively was found during the 1979–1997 nodal cycle. However, these results decreased significantly during the …

Measurement Of Proton Light Yield Of Water-Based Liquid Scintillator, E. J. Callaghan, B. L. Goldblum, J. A. Brown, T. A. Laplace, Juan J. Manfredi, M. Yeh, G. D. Orebi Gann

Faculty Publications

The proton light yield of liquid scintillators is an important property in the context of their use in large-scale neutrino experiments, with direct implications for neutrino-proton scattering measurements and the discrimination of fast neutrons from inverse β-decay coincidence signals. This work presents the first measurement of the proton light yield of a water-based liquid scintillator (WbLS) formulated from 5% linear alkyl benzene (LAB), at energies below 20 MeV, as well as a measurement of the proton light yield of a pure LAB + 2 g/L 2,5-diphenyloxazole (PPO) mixture (LABPPO). The measurements were performed using a double time-of-flight method and a …

Why & What Attorneys Should Know About Community Resources Available To Survivors Of Domestic Violence, Kristen Clarke Kellems, Kristen Clarke Kellems

Faculty Publications

This CLE program explains why attorneys representing survivors of domestic violence should understand and use community resources as part of effective legal advocacy. Leaving an abusive relationship can create immediate risks involving safety, housing, finances, transportation, childcare, and emotional health. These barriers can affect a survivor’s stability, decision-making, and ability to participate effectively in a legal case. Drawing on survivor and volunteer-attorney perspectives, the presenters show how appropriate referrals can strengthen both client outcomes and legal representation while keeping attorneys within their professional role.

The program surveys Utah resources available through 211, the Department of Workforce Services, domestic violence shelters, …

Editorial: Community Series In Research Efforts, Challenges And Opportunities In Mitigating Aflatoxins In Food And Agricultural Crops And Its Global Health Impacts, Volume Ii, Mehdi Razzaghi-Abyaneh, Zhi Yuan Chen, Mahendra Rai, Masoomeh Shams-Ghahfarokhi

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Strange Statutory Foundations And Terribly Tricky Treasures In Trust, Thomas Simmons

Faculty Publications

This paper summarizes two distinct topics: statutory foundations and a varied collection of unique and potentially troubling kinds of assets that might be held by fiduciaries such as trustees. Statutory foundations have recently been legislative approved in two states; Wyoming and New Hampshire and they represent new and interesting planning opportunities for estate planners. Tricky assets can range from the difficult-to-inventory (such as comic books and baseball cards) to outright contraband.

Membrane-Enhanced Lamina Emergent Torsional Joints For Surrogate Folds, Guimin Chen, Spencer P. Magleby, Larry L. Howell

Faculty Publications

Lamina emergent compliant mechanisms (including origami-adapted compliant mechanisms) are me- chanical devices that can be fabricated from a planar material (a lamina) and have motion that emerges out of the fabrication plane. Lamina emergent compliant mechanisms often exhibit undesirable para- sitic motions due to the planar fabrication constraint. This work introduces a type of lamina emergent torsion (LET) joint that reduces parasitic motions of lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs), and presents equations for modeling parasitic motion of LET joints. The membrane joint also makes possible one-way joints that can ensure origami-based mechanisms emerge from their flat state (a change point) into …

The Oregon Second Chance Set-Aside Gap, Colleen Chien

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Symmetric Equations For Evaluating Maximum Torsion Stress Of Rectangular Beams In Compliant Mechanisms, Guimin Chen, Larry L. Howell

Faculty Publications

There are several design equations available for calculating the torsional compliance and the maximum torsion stress of a rectangular cross-section beam, but most depend on the relative magnitude of the two dimensions of the cross-section (i.e.,the thickness and the width). After reviewing the available equations, two thickness-to-width ratio independent equations that are symmetric with respect to the two dimensions are obtained for evaluating the maximum torsion stress

of rectangular cross-section beams. Based on the resulting equations, outside lamina emergent torsional joints are analyzed and some useful design insights are obtained. These equations, together with the previous work on symmetric equations …

Temperature Dependent Stacking Fault Free Energy Profiles And Partial Dislocation Separation In Fcc Cu, Reza Namakian, Dorel Moldovan, Thomas D. Swinburne

Faculty Publications

The generalized stacking fault energy profile is fundamental to models of metal plasticity and thus a key parameter for alloy design. However, to account for thermal vibrations, models require the stacking fault free energy profile, but current methods can only calculate metastable intrinsic stacking faults. We show how the full stacking fault free energy profile can be calculated using PAFI, a linear scaling method that fully accounts for anharmonic thermal vibrations. Applying our approach to empirical and machine learning potentials for FCC Cu, we show via direct comparison with molecular dynamics simulations that accounting for temperature effects is essential to …

Active Control Of Equilibrium, Near-Equilibrium, And Far-From-Equilibrium Colloidal Systems, Mark N. Mcdonald, Qinyu Zhu, Walter F. Paxton, Cameron K. Peterson, Douglas R. Tree

Faculty Publications

The development of top-down active control over bottom-up colloidal assembly processes has the potential to produce materials, surfaces, and objects with applications in a wide range of fields spanning from computing to materials science to biomedical engineering. In this review, we summarize recent progress in the field using a taxonomy based on how active control is used to guide assembly. We find there are three distinct scenarios: (1) navigating kinetic pathways to reach a desirable equilibrium state, (2) the creation of a desirable metastable, kinetically trapped, or kinetically arrested state, and (3) the creation of a desirable far-from-equilibrium state through …

Emotion Classification Of Indonesian Tweets Using Bidirectional Lstm, Aaron K. Glenn, Phillip M. Lacasse, Bruce A. Cox

Faculty Publications

Emotion classification can be a powerful tool to derive narratives from social media data. Traditional machine learning models that perform emotion classification on Indonesian Twitter data exist but rely on closed-source features. Recurrent neural networks can meet or exceed the performance of state-of-the-art traditional machine learning techniques using exclusively open-source data and models. Specifically, these results show that recurrent neural network variants can produce more than an 8% gain in accuracy in comparison with logistic regression and SVM techniques and a 15% gain over random forest when using FastText embeddings. This research found a statistical significance in the performance of …

Measurement Of The VE- Nucleus Charged-Current Double-Differential Cross Section At 〈EV⟩ = 2.4 Gev Using Nova, M. A. Acero, P. Adamson, L. Aliaga, N. Anfimov, A. Antoshkin, E. Arrieta-Diaz, L. Asquith, A. Aurisano, A. Back, M. Biard, N. Balashov, P. Baldi, B. A. Bambah, S. Bashar, K. Bays, R. Bernstein, V. Bhatnagar, D. Bhattarai, B. Bhuyan, J. Bian, Roberto Petti, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

The inclusive electron neutrino charged-current cross section is measured in the NOvA near detector using 8.02×10²⁰ protons-on-target in the NuMI beam. The sample of GeV electron neutrino interactions is the largest analyzed to date and is limited by ≃17% systematic rather than the ≃7.4% statistical uncertainties. The double-differential cross section in final-state electron energy and angle is presented for the first time, together with the single-differential dependence on Q² (squared four-momentum transfer) and energy, in the range 1  GeV≤E_νGENIE, GiBUU, NEUT, and NuWro neutrino event generators. The data do not strongly favor a model over the …

Covid-19 New Hampshire City And Town Annual Reports Collection Final Report, Eleta Exline

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Reliable Detection Of Location Spoofing And Variation Attacks, Chiho Kim, Sang-Yoon Chang, Dongeun Lee, Jinoh Kim

Faculty Publications

Location spoofing is a critical attack in mobile communications. While several previous studies investigated the detection of location spoofing attacks, they are limited in their performance and lack the consideration of emerging attack variations. In this paper, we present a data-driven methodology for the reliable detection of location spoofing and its variations. To enhance the performance, we introduce and utilize a new set of features, which is differential in nature and enables the checking of the mobility constraints and inconsistency. Our comparison study with the previous research shows that the presented scheme using the new features significantly improves the accuracy …

The Injured Sciatic Nerve Atlas (Isnaat), Insights Into The Cellular And Molecular Basis Of Neural Tissue Degeneration And Regeneration, Xiao-Feng Zhao, Lucas D. Huffman, Hannah Hafner, Mitre Athaiya, Matthew C. Finneran, Ashley L. Kalinski, Rafi Kohen, Corey Flynn, Ryan Passino, Craig N. Johnson, David Kohrman, Riki Kawaguchi, Lynda Js Yang, Jeffery L. Twiss, Daniel H. Geschwind, Gabriel Corfas, Roman J. Giger

Faculty Publications

Upon trauma, the adult murine peripheral nervous system (PNS) displays a remarkable degree of spontaneous anatomical and functional regeneration. To explore extrinsic mechanisms of neural repair, we carried out single-cell analysis of naïve mouse sciatic nerve, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and crushed sciatic nerves at 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days following injury. During the first week, monocytes and macrophages (Mo/Mac) rapidly accumulate in the injured nerve and undergo extensive metabolic reprogramming. Proinflammatory Mo/Mac with a high glycolytic flux dominate the early injury response and rapidly give way to inflammation resolving Mac, programmed toward oxidative phosphorylation. Nerve crush injury …

Bioaugmentation With Tetrasphaera To Improve Biological Phosphorus Removal From Anaerobic Digestate Of Swine Wastewater, Jiaxin Wang, Chiqian Zhang, Ping Li, Hui Xu, Weiqu Wang, Weizhao Yin, Jinhua Wu, Zhiqiang Hu

Faculty Publications

Tetrasphaera-enhanced biological phosphorus removal (T-EBPR) was developed by augmenting conventional EBPR (C-EBPR) with Tetrasphaera to improve phosphorus removal from anaerobic digestate of swine wastewater. At influent total phosphorus (TP) concentrations of 45 to 55 mg/L, T-EBPR achieved effluent TP concentration of 4.17 ± 1.02 mg/L, 54% lower than that in C-EBPR (8.98 ± 0.76 mg/L). The enhanced phosphorous removal was presumably due to the synergistic effect of Candidatus Accumulibacter and Tetrasphaera occupying different ecological niches. Bioaugmentation with Tetrasphaera promoted the polyphosphate accumulation metabolism depending more on the glycolysis pathway, as evidenced by an increase in intracellular storage compounds of glycogen …

Peat Decomposition And Erosion Contribute To Pond Deepening In A Temperate Salt Marsh, Sheron Luk, Meagan J. Eagle, Giulio Mariotti, Kelsey Gosselin, Jonathan Sanderman, Amanda C. Spivak

Faculty Publications

Salt marsh ponds expand and deepen over time, potentially reducing ecosystem carbon storage and resilience. The water filled volumes of ponds represent missing carbon due to prevented soil accumulation and removal by erosion and decomposition. Removal mechanisms have different implications as eroded carbon can be redistributed while decomposition results in loss. We constrained ponding effects on carbon dynamics in a New England marsh and determined whether expansion and deepening impact nearby soils by conducting geochemical characterizations of cores from three ponds and surrounding high marshes and models of wind-driven erosion. Radioisotope profiles demonstrate that ponds are not depositional environments and …

Assessing Impacts Of Climate Change On Selected Foundation Species And Ecosystem Services In The South-Central Usa, R. James Ansley, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Kerry Griffis-Kyle, Bruce Hoagland, Amanda Emert, Todd Fagin, Scott R. Loss, Heather R. Mccarthy, Nicholas G. Smith, Elizabeth F. Waring

Faculty Publications

Climate change, interacting with and exacerbating anthropogenic modifications to the landscape, is altering ecosystem structure and function, biodiversity, and species distributions. Among the most visible short-term impacts are the altered ecological roles of foundation species—those species, native or non-native—that create locally stable environmental conditions and strongly influence ecosystem services. Understanding the future of these species is crucial for projecting impacts on ecosystem services at both local and regional scales. Here we present foundation species by ecoregion study cases across the US South-Central Region (Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas), including C4 grasses, mesquite, and northern bobwhite in the Southern Great …

Metagenomics And Metatranscriptomics Reveal Broadly Distributed, Active, Novel Methanotrophs In The Gulf Of Mexico Hypoxic Zone And In The Marine Water Column, Kathryn L. Howe, Kiley W. Seitz, Lauren G. Campbell, Brett J. Baker, J. Cameron Thrash, Nancy N. Rabalais, Mary Kate Rogener, Samantha B. Joye, Olivia U. Mason

Faculty Publications

The northern Gulf of Mexico (nGOM) hypoxic zone is a shallow water environment where methane, a potent greenhouse gas, fluxes from sediments to bottom water and remains trapped due to summertime stratification. When the water column is destratified, an active planktonic methanotrophic community could mitigate the efflux of methane, which accumulates to high concentrations, to the atmosphere. To investigate the possibility of such a biofilter in the nGOM hypoxic zone we performed metagenome assembly, and metagenomic and metatranscriptomic read mapping. Methane monooxygenase (pmoA) was an abundant transcript, yet few canonical methanotrophs have been reported in this environment, suggesting a role …

Well Placement Optimization Through The Triple-Completion Gas And Downhole Water Sink-Assisted Gravity Drainage (Tc-Gdws-Agd) Eor Process, Watheq J. Al-Mudhafar, David A. Wood, Dahlia A. Al-Obaidi, Andrew K. Wojtanowicz

Faculty Publications

Gas and downhole water sink-assisted gravity drainage (GDWS-AGD) is a new process of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in oil reservoirs underlain by large bottom aquifers. The process is capital intensive as it requires the construction of dual-completed wells for oil production and water drainage and additional multiple vertical gas-injection wells. The costs could be substantially reduced by eliminating the gas-injection wells and using triple-completed multi-functional wells. These wells are dubbed triple-completion-GDWS-AGD (TC-GDWS-AGD). In this work, we design and optimize the TC-GDWS-AGD oil recovery process in a fictitious oil reservoir (Punq-S3) that emulates a real North Sea oil field. The design …

Review Of Covenant Of Water, Michael F. Russo

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Constitution's Waning Enforceability: Constitutional Torts After Egbert & Vega, Bailey D. Barnes

Faculty Publications

The 2021 term of the Supreme Court of the United States produced two opinions significantly dampening the future of constitutional tort actions, which are cases brought to remedy a government agent's deprivation of an individual's constitutional rights. First, in Egbert v. Boule, the Court refused to extend Bivens liability to an excessive force claim made against a United States Border Patrol Agent. Second, in Vega v. Tekoh, the Court contravened the traditional understanding of the Fifth Amendment's Self-Incrimination Clause by preventing a§ 1983 civil rights action against a sheriffs deputy who procured an un-Mirandized statement from a criminal suspect. Read …