Digital Commons Network^™

A Matrix-Based Approach To Global Locality Optimization, Mahmut Kandemir, Alok Choudhary, J. Ramanujam, Prith Banerjee

Faculty Publications

Global locality optimization is a technique for improving the cache performance of a sequence of loop nests through a combination of loop and data layout transformations. Pure loop transformations are restricted by data dependencies and may not be very successful in optimizing imperfectly nested loops and explicitly parallelized programs. Although pure data transformations are not constrained by data dependencies, the impact of a data transformation on an array might be program-wide; that is, it can affect all the references to that array in all the loop nests. Therefore, in this paper we argue for an integrated approach that employs both …

A Global Communication Optimization Technique Based On Data-Flow Analysis And Linear Algebra, M. Kandemir, P. Banerjee, A. Choudhary, J. Ramanujam, N. Shenoy

Faculty Publications

Reducing communication overhead is extremely important in distributed-memory message-passing architectures. In this article, we present a technique to improve communication that considers data access patterns of the entire program. Our approach is based on a combination of traditional data-flow analysis and a linear algebra framework, and it works on structured programs with conditional statements and nested loops but without arbitrary goto statements. The distinctive features of the solution are the accuracy in keeping communication set information, support for general alignments and distributions including block-cyclic distributions, and the ability to simulate some of the previous approaches with suitable modifications. We also …

Coyote Paradox: Some Indian Law Reflections From The Edge Of The Prairie, Frank Pommersheim

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Marxist Haiku (Poem), Frank Pommersheim

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

State Immunity From Federal Disability Discrimination Laws: Provisions Of The Ada And Rehabilitation Act Declared Unconstitutional, Tom Simmons

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Ada Prima Facie Plaintiff: A Critical Overview Of Eighth Circuit Case Law, Tom Simmons

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Exploiting Expertise Through Knowledge Networks, Michael N. Huhns, Larry M. Stevens

Faculty Publications

The paper discusses the necessary capabilities of knowledge networks: categorizing (the ability to classify Web pages and other unstructured data automatically); hyperlinking (the ability to add to each item of information appropriate pointers to other relevant items of information); alerting (the automatic notification of users and agents to new information that might be of interest to them); and profiling (the construction of models of users and agents to describe their interests and expertise).

Personal Ontologies, Michael N. Huhns, Larry M. Stevens

Faculty Publications

Corporations can suffer from too much information, and it is often inaccessible, inconsistent, and incomprehensible. The corporate solution entails knowledge management techniques and data warehouses. The paper discusses the use of the personal ontology. The promising approach is an organization scheme based on a model of an office and its information, an ontology, coupled with the proper tools for using it.

Benevolent Agents, Michael N. Huhns, Abdulla Mohamed

Faculty Publications

Some agents roaming the Web these days are benevolent-for example, they may clean up stalled or failed database transactions, or share query results that may have cost substantial resources to acquire and might consume more to share. The Agent Behavior Testbed is a tool for studying the economics of agent altruism. As more agents hit the Internet, benevolence and cooperation will help with overall efficiency and productivity. The paper discusses benevolent agents on the Web.

Networking Embedded Agents, Michael N. Huhns

Faculty Publications

Most of us will soon be managing an intranet in our homes, though we might not realize it. We might also be surprised at the devices that will be networked together. Just about every electrical device now contains one or more microprocessors. Designers typically find this a cost-effective way to provide device functionality, even when much of a processor's power is unnecessary or unused. For example, my coffee maker contains a processor, even though the appliance needn't be very smart and wastes most of its CPU cycles. Nevertheless, it is cheaper to include a general-purpose microprocessor than to incorporate custom …

Negotiating For Goods And Services, Michael N. Huhns, Anuj K. Malhotra

Faculty Publications

Can a negotiation protocol be both fair and “envy-free” when more than two agents are involved? The authors consider how envy-free apportioning is more difficult than fair apportioning, but both can help to manage critical resources. They discuss an envy-free protocol and agent-based Web auctions.

The Swabian War Of 1499: 500 Years Since Switzerland's Last War Of Independence, Albert Winkler

Faculty Publications

At the end of the fifteenth century, Emperor Maximilian I of the Germany Empire was trying to unite his country. He also tried to force the Swiss Confederation to become closer members of the empire. This lead to the Swabian War of 1499. In a series of battles and campaigns, the Swiss were successful in defeating the famous Swabian Landsknechte who had learned to fight in the Swiss manner. As an outcome of the war, the Swiss Confederation were even more independent of the German Empire.

Demonstration: A Robust Web Data-Extraction Technique With High Recall And Precision, Deryle W. Lonsdale, D. M. Campbell, Yihong Ding, David W. Embley, K. Hewett, D. L. Jackman, S. S. Jeffries, Y. S. Jiang, D. Lewis, Stephen W. Liddle, Y. K. Ng, A. L. Peacock, D. J. Seer, R. D. Smith, S. H. Yau, M. Xu, L. Xu

Faculty Publications

Our demo shows how to extract and structure data found in data-rich, unstructured, multiple-record Web documents. Users may either apply pre-built extraction applications or build and apply their own. The demo is significant because it (1) attacks an important data-centric problem and (2) uses database technology to produce good results with minimal effort.

Identities And Racial Attitudes Of South African And American Adolescents: A Cross-Cultural Examination, Timothy B. Smith, Christopher R. Stones

Faculty Publications

Issues of group identity and prejudice have played a large role in the history of South Africa. This study examined differences among Xhosa-speaking Black, so-called Coloured, English-speaking White, and Afrikaans-speaking White adolescents within a context of social change. Data was collected from 818 high school students using a questionnaire that assessed aspects of these groups' perceptions of themselves (their identities), attitudes toward other racial groups (their prejudices), and beliefs about changes in the socio-political environment. Several statistically significant differences between the groups were found. Comparative analyses on identity and attitude variables performed with 263 White American adolescents were also statistically …

Evaluating Therapy Outcome At A University Counseling Center Wit The College Adjustment Scales, Timothy B. Smith, Mark A. Nafziger, Gwenna C. Couillard

Faculty Publications

To assess the effectiveness of time-limited therapy in a university counseling center, 333 clients' pre-counseling and post-sixth session College Adjustment Scales (CAS) scores were compared. Statistical significant decreases in reported symptomatology were found on all CAS scales. Analyses of CAS data for students who were notably distressed prior to receiving counseling also yielded statistically significant differences, with effect sizes revealing moderate to large decreases in symptomatology. Further replicative work is recommended to document the impact and effectiveness of counseling center services.

Development And Application Of A Correlation Of 13c Nmr Chemical Structural Analyses Of Coal Based On Elemental Composition And Volatile Matter Content, Dominic Genetti, Thomas H. Fletcher, Ronald J. Pugmire

Faculty Publications

¹³C NMR spectroscopy has been shown to be an important tool in the characterization of coal structure. Important quantitative information about the carbon skeletal structure is obtained through ¹³C NMR spectral analysis of coal. Solid-state ¹³C NMR analysis techniques have progressed beyond the mere determination of aromaticity and can now describe features such as the number of aromatic carbons per cluster and the number of attachments per aromatic cluster. These ¹³C NMR data have been used to better understand the complicated structure of coal, to compare structural differences in coal, tar, and char, and to model …

The Defense Of Traditional Marriage, George W. Dent

Faculty Publications

This article reviews the possible justifications for legal recognition of marriage and finds some, such as encouraging stable, loving relationships, unpersuasive. However, other rationales-including protecting children, socializing adults, and promoting individual happiness-are valid, and these rationales apply only to traditional marriages. Accordingly, society has strong reasons to favor traditional marriage and to deny such treatment to the unmarried and to homosexual, endogamous and bestial relationships.

The Amnesty Exception To The Jurisdiction Of The International Criminal Court, Michael P. Scharf

Faculty Publications

This article examines the paradoxical question of whether the International Criminal Court will require justice at the expense of peace. Notwithstanding the popular catch phrase of the 1990s - "no peace without justice"' - peace and justice are sometimes incompatible goals. To end an international or internal conflict, negotiations must often be conducted with the very leaders who were responsible for war crimes and crimes against humanity. When this is the case, insisting on criminal prosecutions can prolong the conflict, resulting in more death, destruction, and human suffering.

Malpractice And The Tax Practitioner: An Analysis Of The Areas In Which Malpractice Occurs, Jacob L. Todres

Faculty Publications

(Excerpt)

As an attorney for approximately twenty-five years, I have been cognizant of the apparent increase in litigiousness of modem society, and of the concomitant increase in malpractice suits against professionals, both lawyers as well as non-lawyers. As a teacher of tax law, I am especially interested in how this trend impacts the tax lawyer, as well as other tax practitioners. What I am especially interested in is determining which areas of tax law and tax practice have generated the most malpractice claims so that practitioners may embark into such areas forewarned. Unfortunately, most of the existing literature focuses on …

Independent Counsel Law Improvements For The Next Five Years, John Q. Barrett

Faculty Publications

This Article is adapted from remarks made in New Orleans on January 8, 1999, as part of an Association of American Law Schools (AALS) Administrative Law Section panel discussion entitled, "Separation of Powers Revisited: Should the Independent Counsel Law Be Renewed?" Our topic is "Should the Independent Counsel Law Be Renewed?" and my answer is, "Not exactly." I will not be, in other words, defending the status quo. Indeed, the empty chair you see here on the dais nicely contains the only "defender" of the status quo of whom I know. What I would like to do is remind us …

For-Profit Corporations That Perform Public Functions: Politics, Profit, And Poverty, Cheryl L. Wade

Faculty Publications

In this Article, Professor Wade argues that the corporate law shareholder-primacy paradigm fails to adequately account for individuals who depend upon for-profit corporations for the educational, medical, correctional, and social services traditionally provided by government. These for-profit corporations, termed "Public Function Companies" by Professor Wade, have two distinct constituencies: shareholders who expect wealth maximization to guide corporate action and "Corporate Dependents" who rely upon the essential services administered by these corporations. Because corporate law generally requires officers and directors to act only in the interest of shareholders, Corporate Dependents may be left with inadequate services and no mechanism to influence …

Discovery In International Legal Developments Year In Review: 1998, Christopher J. Borgen

Faculty Publications

American procedure regarding international discovery stems from 28 U.S.C. §§ 1781-1783, and the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, in particular Rule 28(b). The leading case on the topic of international discovery is the Supreme Court's decision in Société Nationale Industielle Aerospatiale v. United States District Court. Many later cases base their reasoning on interpretations of Aerospatiale. This article is a brief review of developments during the year.

How Children In Cults May Use Emancipation Laws To Free Themselves, Robin A. Boyle

Faculty Publications

The author examines how children who are born into cults or brought into them at a young age can use state emancipation laws to gain independence when they are in their mid-teens, so long as they can demonstrate criteria that their states have established. Commonly, states require a showing that the minor has achieved some level of economic self-sufficiency and can live emotionally and physically independently from his or her parents. There are some difficulties for cultic children in demonstrating these criteria, but the obstacles are not insurmountable.

A Negotiation Analysis Of Mandatory Arbitration Contracts, Miriam A. Cherry

Faculty Publications

(Excerpt)

In Rosenberg v. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith, Inc. the First Circuit addressed whether a pre-dispute mandatory arbitration contract covered employment claims under Title VII and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) and was thus enforceable. The court held that while these types of arbitration contracts are theoretically enforceable, this particular contract was not. The First Circuit determined that the 1991 Civil Rights Act and the Older Worker's Benefit Protection Act did not preclude the enforcement of mandatory arbitration contracts, and that there was an insufficient showing of arbitral bias to prevent the contract's enforcement. The court, …

Sovereignty, Compliance, And The World Trade Organization: Lessons From The History Of Supreme Court Review, Mark L. Movsesian

Faculty Publications

One of the World Trade Organization’s (WTO's) more remarkable and controversial innovations is its mechanism for resolving trade disputes among member states. Traditionally, states have resolved such disputes in "pragmatic" fashion, through negotiation and compromise informed by the relative power of the parties involved. But no longer: the WTO's Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes (the DSU) provides that disputes between member states are to be resolved in adversary proceedings before impartial panels of experts." Under the DSU, panels have authority to decide whether members' laws violate international trade norms; panel decisions are essentially binding, though …

The Leak And The Craft: A Hard Line Proposal To Stop Unaccountable Disclosures Of Law Enforcement Information, John Q. Barrett

Faculty Publications

The critics of Kenneth W. Starr accused him, in the five-plus years that he served as the multi-tasked Independent Counsel, of many failings, mistakes, and improprieties. One of the most prevalent charges was one that has significance to lawyers and resonates with the general public's sense of bad behavior by prosecutors: the allegation that Starr and/or members of his staff "leaked" information. This general accusation was, of course, imprecise. It also might have been overbroad. Prosecutorial "leaks" include such plain illegalities as disclosing grand jury information to the media or other unauthorized persons, and also the much less regulated practice …

The Constitutionality Of Censure, Michael J. Gerhardt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Brownfields Redevelopment: Cleaning Up Contaminated Sites For Community Renewal, Ronald H. Rosenberg

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Database Protection In A Digital World, Mary Maureen Brown, Robert M. Bryan, John M. Conley

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Role Of The States In Combating Managed Care Fraud And Abuse, Joan H. Krause

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.