Digital Commons Network^™

An Agent Based Model Of Passenger Boarding For Examining Commercial Aircraft Boarding Strategies, Frank W. Ciarallo, Raymond R. Hill, Kerry K. Ward

Faculty Publications

We use an agent-based simulation methodology to study airline passenger boarding using measures that reflect both the customer experience and airline efficiency perspective. This approach supports exploration of models of actual aircraft used in practice and detailed modeling of passenger dynamics. This paper discusses the modeling approach and a set of experiments comparing several boarding strategies from practical settings as well as the literature.

Mapping The Landscape Of Support And Safety Among Sexual Minority Women And Gender Non-Conforming Individuals: Perceptions After The 2016 Us Presidential Election, Laurie Drabble, Cindy Veldhuis, Angie Wootton, Ellen Riggle, Tonda Hughes

Faculty Publications

As part of a larger online survey, we conducted an Internet-based study that included both qualitative and quantitative data from a national non-probability sample to examine how sexual minority women and gender non-conforming individuals described their experiences and concerns after the 2016 election. The current study explores responses in relation to local social and political climates. Quantitative analysis of survey responses (N = 969) examined changes in participant concerns relative to state policy context (number of positive policies offering equal rights and protections for LGBTQ communities) and size of community (e.g., urban and rural). Analysis of narrative responses to open-ended …

Devotional: “Jonah: The Sequel”, Gerald A. Klingbeil

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Review By Kenneth Atkinson Of Alexandria And Qumran: Back To The Beginning, By Kenneth Silver, Kenneth Atkinson

Faculty Publications

Kenneth Silver (a.k.a. Kenneth A. K. Lönnqvist), is a historian and professional archaeologist, who has lived and worked for decades in the Near East. With extensive publications on Hellenistic and Roman archaeology, history, and numismatics, Silver is the director of a survey and mapping project in Northern Mesopotamia studying the border zone between the late Roman/ Byzantine Empires and Persia. Author of numerous publications on Qumran and related topics, Silver’s lengthy monograph proposes that the documents and type of library found at Qumran were based on models derived from Egypt. The main thesis of the volume is that Pythagorean philosophy …

Analytic Non-Adiabatic Derivative Coupling Terms For Spin-Orbit Mrci Wavefunctions. Ii. Derivative Coupling Terms And Coupling Angle For Khe (A2Π1/2) ⇔ Khe B2Σ1/2), Lachlan T. Belcher, Charlton D. Lewis, Gary S. Kedziora, David E. Weeks

Faculty Publications

A method for calculating the analytic nonadiabatic derivative coupling terms (DCTs) for spin-orbit multi-reference configuration interaction wavefunctions is reviewed. The results of a sample calculation using a Stuttgart basis for KHe are presented. Additionally, the DCTs are compared with a simple calculation based on the Nikitin’s 3 × 3 description of the coupling between the Σ and Π surfaces, as well as a method based on Werner’s analysis of configuration interaction coefficients. The nonadiabatic coupling angle calculated by integrating the radial analytic DCTs using these different techniques matches extremely well. The resultant nonadiabatic energy surfaces for KHe are presented.

Analysis Of A Celestial Icosahedron Shaped Vacuum Lighter Than Air Vehicle, Dustin P. Graves, Kyle D. Moore, Anthony N. Palazotto

Faculty Publications

Excerpt: The celestial icosahedron geometry is considered as a potential design for a vacuum lighter than air vehicle. The goal of this research is ultimately to determine the feasibility of the design and to understand the initial fluid-structure interaction of the vacuum lighter than air vehicle and the surrounding airflow.

Stainless-Steel Column For Robust High Temperature Microchip Gas Chromatography, Abhijit Ghosh, Austin R. Foster, Jacob C. Johnson, Carlos R. Vilorio, Luke T. Tolley, Brian D. Iverson, Aaron R. Hawkins, H. Dennis Tolley, Milton L. Lee

Faculty Publications

This paper reports the first results of a robust, high performance, stainless-steel microchip gas chromatography (GC) column that is capable of analyzing complex real world mixtures as well as operating at very high temperatures. Using a serpentine design, a 10 m column with an approximately semicircular cross section with a 52 µm hydraulic diameter (D_h) was produced in a 17 cm x 6.3 cm x 0.1 cm rectangular steel chip. The channels were produced using a multilayer chemical etch and diffusion bonding process, and metal nuts were brazed onto the inlet and outlet ports allowing for column interfacing …

Using Information Practices Of Nurses To Reform Information Literacy Instruction In Baccalaureate Nursing Programs, Anne R. Diekema, Betsy S. Hopkins, Brandon Patterson, Nena Schvaneveldt

Faculty Publications

Objective - Seeking information is a key element of evidence based practice and successful healthcare delivery. Significant literature exists on both the information seeking behaviour of professional nurses and information literacy teaching methods, but scarce evidence connects nurses’ information behaviour and environments with their education. This study sought to use data from nursing alumni to answer the following research questions: What are the current information practices of professional bachelor’s-prepared nurses? How do recently-graduated nurses suggest that their education could have better prepared them to find and evaluate information in the workplace?

Methods - The researchers conducted a descriptive study using …

Soluble Immune Checkpoint-Related Proteins As Predictors Of Tumor Recurrence, Survival, And T Cell Phenotypes In Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients, Qinchuan Wang, Jinhua Zhang, Huakang Tu, Dong Liang, David W. Chang, Yuanqing Ye, Xifeng Wu

Faculty Publications

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved unprecedented success in cancer immunotherapy. With the exception of a few candidate biomarkers, the prognostic role of soluble immune checkpoint-related proteins in clear cell renal cell cancer (ccRCC) patients is largely uninvestigated. Methods: We profiled the circulating levels of 14 immune checkpoint-related proteins panel (BTLA, GITR, HVEM, IDO, LAG-3, PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, Tim-3, CD28, CD80, CD137, CD27 and CTLA-4) and their associations with the risk of recurrence and death in 182 ccRCC patients using a multiplex Luminex assay. Gene expression in tumors from a subset of participating patients (n = 47) and another 533 …

Isotopic Characterization Of Nitrogen Oxides (Nox), Nitrous Acid (Hono), And Nitrate (Pno3−) From Laboratory Biomass Burning During Firex, Jiajue Chai, David J. Miller, Eric Scheuer, Jack E. Dibb, Vanessa Selimovic, Robert Yokelson, Kyle J. Zarzana, Steven S. Brown, Abigail R. Koss, Carsten Warneke, Meredith Hastings

Faculty Publications

New techniques have recently been developed and applied to capture reactive nitrogen species, including nitrogen oxides (NOx=NO+NO2), nitrous acid (HONO), nitric acid (HNO3), and particulate nitrate (pNO−3), for accurate measurement of their isotopic composition. Here, we report – for the first time – the isotopic composition of HONO from biomass burning (BB) emissions collected during the Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments Experiment (FIREX, later evolved into FIREX-AQ) at the Missoula Fire Science Laboratory in the fall of 2016. We used our newly developed annular denuder system (ADS), which was verified to completely capture HONO associated with BB in …

In-Line Spectral Interferometry In Shortwave-Infrared Laser Filaments In Air, Xiaoming Ren, Yang Wang, Zenghu Chang, James Welch, Aaron Bernstein, Michael Downer, Jeffrey Brown, Mette Gaarde, Arnaud Couairon, Miroslav Kolesik, Pavel Polynkin

Faculty Publications

We investigate the nonlinear propagation of intense, two-cycle, carrier-envelope phase (CEP) stable laser pulses at 1.7  μm center wavelength in air. We observe CEP-dependent spectral interference in the visible part of the forward-propagating white light generated on propagation. The effect is robust against large fluctuations of the input pulse energy. This robustness is enabled by rigid clamping of both the peak optical field and the phase of the propagating waveform, which has been revealed by numerical simulations. The CEP locking can enhance the yield of the CEP-dependent strong-field processes in gaseous media with long-wavelength drivers, while the observed spectral interference …

Measurement Of The Energy Spectra And Of The Angular Distribution Of The Transition Radiation With A Silicon Strip Detector, F. Loparco, J. Alozy, N. Belyaev, M. Campbell, M. Cherry, F. Dachs, S. Doronin, K. Filippov, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, E. Heijne, S. Konovalov, D. Krasnopevtsev, X. Llopart, V. Mascagna, M. N. Mazziotta, H. Pernegger, D. Ponomarenko, M. Prest, D. Pyatiizbyantseva, R. Radomskii, C. Rembser, A. Romaniouk, A. A. Savchenko, D. Schaefer, E. J. Schioppa, D. Shchukin, D. Yu Sergeeva, E. Shulga, S. Smirnov, Y. Smirnov, M. Soldani, P. Spinelli

Faculty Publications

We plan to develop an advanced Transition Radiation Detector (TRD) for hadron identification in the TeV momentum range, based on the simultaneous measurement of the energies and of the emission angles of the Transition Radiation (TR) X-rays with respect to the radiating particles. To study the feasibility of this project, we have carried out a beam test campaign at the CERN SPS facility with 20 GeV/c electrons and muons up to 300 GeV/c. To detect the TR X-rays and the radiating particles, we used a 300 μm thick double-sided silicon strip detector, with a strip readout pitch of 50 μm. …

Development Of Transition Radiation Detectors For Hadron Identification At Tev Energy Scale, N. Belyaev, M. L. Cherry, F. Dachs, S. A. Doronin, K. Filippov, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, S. Konovalov, F. Loparco, V. Mascagna, M. N. Mazziotta, D. Ponomarenko, M. Prest, D. Pyatiizbyantseva, C. Rembser, A. Romaniouk, A. A. Savchenko, E. J. Schioppa, D. Yu Sergeeva, E. Shulga, S. Smirnov, Yu Smirnov, M. Soldani, P. Spinelli, M. Strikhanov, P. Teterin, V. Tikhomirov, A. A. Tishchenko, E. Vallazza, K. Vorobev, K. Zhukov

Faculty Publications

Many modern and future accelerator and cosmic ray experiments require identification of particles with Lorentz γ-factor up to 104 and above. The only technique which reaches this range of Lorentz factors is based on the transition radiation detectors (TRD). This paper describes the development of a TRD based on straw proportional tubes. A prototype of such kind of detector was built and tested at the CERN SPS accelerator. Monte Carlo simulation model of the detector which matches well the experimental data was developed. This program was used for the simulation of a full-scale TRD for hadron identification at TeV energy …

Testing An Active Intervention To Deter Researchers' Use Of Questionable Research Practices, Samuel V. Bruton, M. Brown, Donald Sacco, R. Didlake

Faculty Publications

Introduction: In this study, we tested a simple, active “ethical consistency” intervention aimed at reducing researchers’ endorsement of questionable research practices (QRPs).

Methods: We developed a simple, active ethical consistency intervention and tested it against a control using an established QRP survey instrument. Before responding to a survey that asked about attitudes towards each of fifteen QRPs, participants were randomly assigned to either a consistency or control 3–5-min writing task. A total of 201 participants completed the survey: 121 participants were recruited from a database of currently funded NSF/NIH scientists, and 80 participants were recruited from a pool …

Teacher Recruitment: Factors That Predict High School Students’ Willingness To Become Teachers, Steve Christensen, Randall Davies, Scott Harris, Joseph Hanks, Byran Bowles

Faculty Publications

This study examines factors that influence high school students’ willingness to consider teaching as a career. Using predictive modeling, we identified five factors that are highly predictive of a students’ willingness to consider teaching and their belief that teaching is their best career option. Results indicated that high school students were more likely to consider teaching when they had confidence in their ability to be good teachers, when family members and others encouraged them to become teachers, and when they felt their community supported teachers. Most of those who considered teaching thought of themselves as average students. Less impactful factors …

A New Method To Quantify Mineral Dust And Other Aerosol Species From Aircraft Platforms Using Single Particle Mass Spectrometry, Karl Froyd, Daniel M. Murphy, Charles A. Brock, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jack E. Dibb, Jose-Luis Jimenez, Agnieszka Kupc, Ann M. Middlebrook, Gregory P. Schill, Kenneth L. Thornhill, Christina J. Williamson, James C. Wilson, Luke D. Ziemba

Faculty Publications

Single-particle mass spectrometry (SPMS) instruments characterize the composition of individual aerosol particles in real time. Their fundamental ability to differentiate the externally mixed particle types that constitute the atmospheric aerosol population enables a unique perspective into sources and transformation. However, quantitative measurements by SPMS systems are inherently problematic. We introduce a new technique that combines collocated measurements of aerosol composition by SPMS and size-resolved absolute particle concentrations on aircraft platforms. Quantitative number, surface area, volume, and mass concentrations are derived for climate-relevant particle types such as mineral dust, sea salt, and biomass burning smoke. Additionally, relative ion signals are calibrated …

Alu Insertion Polymorphisms Shared By Papio Baboons And Theropithecus Gelada Reveal An Intertwined Common Ancestry, Jerilyn A. Walker, Vallmer E. Jordan, Jessica M. Storer, Cody J. Steely, Paulina Gonzalez-Quiroga, Thomas O. Beckstrom, Lydia C. Rewerts, Corey P. St. Romain, Catherine E. Rockwell, Jeffrey Rogers, Clifford J. Jolly, Miriam K. Konkel, Mark A. Batzer, R. Alan Harris, Muthuswamy Raveendran, Yue Liu, Shwetha Murali, Tauras P. Vilgalys, Gregg W.C. Thomas, Kymberleigh A. Pagel, Vikas Pejaver, Claudia R. Catacchio, Nicoletta Archidiacono, Mario Ventura, Alessia Marra-Campanale, Antonio Palazzo, Oronzo Capozzi, Archana Raja, John Huddleston, Veronica Searles Quick, Anis Karimpour-Fard, Dominik Schrempf, Marc De Manuel Montero, Konstantinos Billis

Faculty Publications

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: Baboons (genus Papio) and geladas (Theropithecus gelada) are now generally recognized as close phylogenetic relatives, though morphologically quite distinct and generally classified in separate genera. Primate specific Alu retrotransposons are well-established genomic markers for the study of phylogenetic and population genetic relationships. We previously reported a computational reconstruction of Papio phylogeny using large-scale whole genome sequence (WGS) analysis of Alu insertion polymorphisms. Recently, high coverage WGS was generated for Theropithecus gelada. The objective of this study was to apply the high-Throughput "poly-Detect" method to computationally determine the number of Alu insertion polymorphisms shared by T. …

Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly Of Coil-Comb-Shaped Polypeptoid Block Copolymers: Solution Morphology And Self-Assembly Pathways, Naisheng Jiang, Tianyi Yu, Omead A. Darvish, Shuo Qian, Igor Kevin Mkam Tsengam, Vijay John, Donghui Zhang

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. Crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) of amphiphilic polymers into well-defined nanoscopic structures with different morphologies and functionalities has attracted increasing attention. Here, we investigate the CDSA of coil-comb-shaped diblock copolypeptoids, namely, poly(N-methyl glycine)-b-poly(N-decyl glycine) (PNMG-b-PNDG), in dilute methanol solution using X-ray/neutron solution scattering in conjunction with cryogenic transmission electron microscopy techniques. A series of PNMG-b-PNDGs were synthesized by sequential benzyl amine-initiated ring-opening polymerizations of the corresponding N-substituted N-carboxyanhydrides, in which the degree of polymerization and the length of the blocks were varied. The PNMG-b-PNDG polymers with a lower volume fraction of the crystalline PNDG blocks (fPNDG …

Amphiphilic Polypeptoids Rupture Vesicle Bilayers To Form Peptoid-Lipid Fragments Effective In Enhancing Hydrophobic Drug Delivery, Yueheng Zhang, Zahra Heidari, Yang Su, Tianyi Yu, Sunting Xuan, Marzhana Omarova, Yucel Aydin, Srikanta Dash, Donghui Zhang, Vijay John

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. Peptoids are highly biocompatible pseudopeptidic polyglycines with designable substituents on the nitrogen atoms. The therapeutic and drug-carrying potential of these materials requires a fundamental understanding of their interactions with lipid bilayers. In this work, we use amphiphilic polypeptoids with up to 100 monomeric units where a significant fraction (26%) of the nitrogen atoms are functionalized with decyl groups (hydrophobes) that insert into the lipid bilayer through the hydrophobic effect. These hydrophobically modified polypeptoids (HMPs) insert their hydrophobes into lipid bilayers creating instabilities that lead to the rupture of vesicles. At low HMP concentrations, such …

Tidal Destruction In A Low-Mass Galaxy Environment: The Discovery Of Tidal Tails Around Ddo 44, Jeffrey Carlin, Christopher Garling, Annika Peter, Denija Crnojević, Duncan Forbes, Jonathan Hargis, Burçin Mutlu-Pakdil, Ragadeepika Pucha, Aaron Romanowsky, David Sand, Kristine Spekkens, Jay Strader, Beth Willman

Faculty Publications

We report the discovery of a 1° (~50 kpc) long stellar tidal stream emanating from the dwarf galaxy DDO 44, a likely satellite of Local Volume galaxy NGC 2403 located ~70 kpc in projection from its companion. NGC 2403 is a roughly Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) stellar-mass galaxy 3 Mpc away, residing at the outer limits of the M81 group. We are mapping a large region around NGC 2403 as part of our Magellanic Analogs' Dwarf Companions and Stellar Halos survey, reaching point-source depths (90% completeness) of (g, i) = (26.5, 26.2). Density maps of old, metal-poor RGB stars reveal …

Titanium And Nitrogen Interactions Under Laser Additive Manufacturing Conditions, Congyuan Zeng, Hao Wen, Henry Bellamy, P. T. Sprunger, Paul J. Schilling, S. M. Guo

Faculty Publications

To understand how to make bulk titanium parts or coatings with desired levels of titanium nitrides, this paper investigates the dynamic interactions between titanium and nitrogen under representative laser-based additive manufacturing (AM) conditions. Under a set of gas environments containing different concentrations of nitrogen, the titanium and nitrogen reaction products—formed under typical Selective Laser Melting (SLM) and Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) AM scanning conditions—are examined for compositions, phases, and microstructures. In-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (SXRD) test is performed to reveal the high temperature reaction steps between titanium and nitrogen.

Humanitarian Engineering Design For Health Challenges: An Inter-Faculty Service Based Learning Model, Yara Najem, Imad H. Elhajj, Zaher Dawy, Aline Germani, Hala Ghattas Ph.D., Muhammad Zaman, Youseph Yazdi

Faculty Publications

The study introduces and evaluates a unique inter-faculty service learning course as a pedagogical model that enhances students’ learning and knowledge of health problems and associated engineering intervention design for populations affected by protracted crises.

Background: With an increase in humanitarian protracted crises around the world, due to conflict and natural disasters, we are in dire need to reinvent how we educate, train, and conduct research in these environments. Engineering and Health Sciences disciplines, individually and collectively, have been working to fill the gaps and address pressing public health issues. However, courses merging those disciplines and focusing on emerging humanitarian …

Effect Of Ar(3p54p; 2p)+M -> Ar(3p54s; 1s)+M Branching Ratio On Optically Pumped Rare Gas Laser Performance, Daniel J. Emmons Ii, David E. Weeks

Faculty Publications

Optically pumped rare gas laser performance is analyzed as a function of the Ar(3p⁵4p; 2p) + M → Ar(3p⁵4s; 1s) + M branching ratios. Due to the uncertainty in the branching ratios, a sensitivity study is performed to determine the effect on output and absorbed pump laser intensities. The analysis is performed using a radio frequency dielectric barrier discharge as the source of metastable production for a variety of Argon in Helium mixtures over pressures ranging from 200 to 500 Torr. Peak output laser intensities show a factor of 7 increase as the branching ratio is …

Gamma-Ray Radiation Effects In Graphene-Based Transistors With H-Bn Nanometer Film Substrates, E. J. Cazalas, Michael R. Hogsed, S. R. Vangala, Michael R. Snure, John W. Mcclory

Faculty Publications

Radiation effects on graphene field effect transistors (GFETs) with hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) thin film substrates are investigated using 60Co gamma-ray radiation. This study examines the radiation response using many samples with varying h-BN film thicknesses (1.6 and 20 nm thickness) and graphene channel lengths (5 and 10 μm). These samples were exposed to a total ionizing dose of approximately 1 Mrad(Si). I-V measurements were taken at fixed time intervals between irradiations and postirradiation. Dirac point voltage and current are extracted from the I-V measurements, as well as mobility, Dirac voltage hysteresis, and the total number of GFETs that remain …

Using Bim (Building Information Modeling) To Vizualize And Share Archaeological Data At Tall Hisban, Jordan, Ariel Solis, Rhonda Root

Faculty Publications

Today, the field of archaeology is seeking to expand beyond the traditional sharing of information through printed books and archaeological publications, and be more relevant by using various new technologies, such as 3-D visualization, Building Information Modeling (BIM), and interactive media. We seek to continue to advance research that is being done in these area. At Tall Hisban, Jordan (the first Madaba Plains Project archaeological site), many of these technologies are being used. However, the main objective of this project is to create a digital three-dimensional model of the Tall (entire site), showing the historical order of civilizations, how buildings …

Simulations In Educational Leadership Internship Programs, Stefanie Shames

Faculty Publications

This brief describes the state of educational leadership internships. Immersing future leaders in virtual reality simulations has the potential to standardize performance expectations and is explored as a method of harnessing the power of technology to provide practice in responding to actual situations while learning to lead.

Conformational Polymorphism In Organic Crystals: Structural And Functional Aspects - A Review, Bidisha Sengupta, Pradeep K. Sengupta, Romans Grant1, Matthew Beasley1, Benjamin Mason1, Tanesha Love1, Larissa Barroso9, Mariela Alvarado9, M S. Zaman

Faculty Publications

Polymorphism in organic crystals involves the formation of isomeric molecular identities. It is dependent on the structural arrangement due to inter-atomic interactions, as well as external stimuli, which include temperature, visible and UV radiation. Conformational polymorphism of organic crystalline molecules is often the result of isomerism due to the twisting and turning of angular bonds. The arrangement of the atoms supports different types of bonding mechanisms (which include hydrogen bonding) within the same compound. This, in turn, results in the formation of cis/trans configurational isomers or a proton transfer species (tautomer), having different functional properties. The conformers support the flexibility …

@Houstonpolice: An Exploratory Case Of Twitter During Hurricane Harvey, Seungwon Yang, Brenton Stewart

Faculty Publications

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the Houston Police Department (HPD)’s public engagement efforts using Twitter during Hurricane Harvey, which was a large-scale urban crisis event.

Design/methodology/approach

This study harvested a corpus of over 13,000 tweets using Twitter’s streaming API, across three phases of the Hurricane Harvey event: preparedness, response and recovery. Both text and social network analysis (SNA) techniques were employed including word clouds, n-gram analysis and eigenvector centrality to analyze data.

Findings

Findings indicate that departmental tweets coalesced around topics of protocol, reassurance and community resilience. Twitter accounts of governmental agencies, such as …

Angle-Dependent Strong-Field Ionization Of Halomethanes, Péter Sándor, Adonay Sissay, François Mauger, Mark W. Gordon, T. T. Gorman, T. D. Scarborough, Mette B. Gaarde, Kenneth Lopata, K. J. Schafer, R. R. Jones

Faculty Publications

We study, experimentally and theoretically, the ionization probability of singly halogenated methane molecules, CH3Cl and CH3Br, in intense linearly polarized 800 nm laser pulses as a function of the angle between the molecular axis and the laser polarization. Experimentally, the molecules are exposed to two laser pulses with a relative time delay. The first, weaker pulse induces a nuclear rotational wave packet within the molecules, which are then ionized by the second, stronger pulse. The angle-dependent ionization yields are extracted from fits of the measured delay-dependent ionization signal to a superposition of moments of the rotational wave packet's angular distribution. …

Angle-Dependent Strong-Field Ionization Of Halomethanes, Péter Sándor, Adonay Sissay, François Mauger, Mark W. Gordon, T. T. Gorman, T. D. Scarborough, Mette B. Gaarde, Kenneth Lopata, K. J. Schafer, R. R. Jones

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Author(s). We study, experimentally and theoretically, the ionization probability of singly halogenated methane molecules, CH3Cl and CH3Br, in intense linearly polarized 800 nm laser pulses as a function of the angle between the molecular axis and the laser polarization. Experimentally, the molecules are exposed to two laser pulses with a relative time delay. The first, weaker pulse induces a nuclear rotational wave packet within the molecules, which are then ionized by the second, stronger pulse. The angle-dependent ionization yields are extracted from fits of the measured delay-dependent ionization signal to a superposition of moments of the rotational wave …