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Genome-Wide Association Study To Identify Genetic Loci Associated With Gastrointestinal Nematode Resistance In Katahdin Sheep, G. M. Becker, K. M. Davenport, J. M. Burke, R. M. Lewis, J. E. Miller, J. L.M. Morgan, D. R. Notter, B. M. Murdoch Mar 2020

Genome-Wide Association Study To Identify Genetic Loci Associated With Gastrointestinal Nematode Resistance In Katahdin Sheep, G. M. Becker, K. M. Davenport, J. M. Burke, R. M. Lewis, J. E. Miller, J. L.M. Morgan, D. R. Notter, B. M. Murdoch

Faculty Publications

© 2020 The Authors. Animal Genetics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Stichting International Foundation for Animal Genetics Resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes has previously been shown to be a moderately heritable trait in some breeds of sheep, but the mechanisms of resistance are not well understood. Selection for resistance currently relies upon faecal egg counts (FEC), blood packed cell volumes and FAMACHA visual indicator scores of anaemia. Identifying genomic markers associated with disease resistance would potentially improve the selection process and provide a more reliable means of classifying and understanding the biology behind resistant and susceptible …

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Over Height Impact Avoidance And Incident Detection System, Suvash Chapain, Aly Mousaad Aly Mar 2020

Over Height Impact Avoidance And Incident Detection System, Suvash Chapain, Aly Mousaad Aly

Faculty Publications

During the construction and repair of bridges, work platforms or construction-related containment may result in restricted vertical clearances at a work location. Some tractor-trailer combinations are prone to over-height collisions at these locations. Collisions are a hazard to all drivers, and repair of the damage typically causes traffic delays. Appropriate solutions to this problem will focus on the prevention of collisions by detecting over-height vehicles and directing the drivers to take an alternate safe route. This presentation addresses the design and functionality of smart detection/alert systems that can be set up well in advance of a known vertical clearance restriction …

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Postmastectomy Radiotherapy For Left-Sided Breast Cancer Patients: Comparison Of Advanced Techniques, Yibo Xie, Daniel Bourgeois, Beibei Guo, Rui Zhang Mar 2020

Postmastectomy Radiotherapy For Left-Sided Breast Cancer Patients: Comparison Of Advanced Techniques, Yibo Xie, Daniel Bourgeois, Beibei Guo, Rui Zhang

Faculty Publications

Postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) has been shown to improve the overall survival for invasive breast cancer patients, and many advanced radiotherapy technologies were adopted for PMRT. The purpose of our study is to compare various advanced PMRT techniques including fixed-beam intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), non-coplanar volumetric modulated arc therapy (NC-VMAT), multiple arc VMAT (MA-VMAT), and tomotherapy (TOMO). Results of standard VMAT and mixed beam therapy that were published by our group previously were also included in the plan comparisons. Treatment plans were produced for nine PMRT patients previously treated in our clinic. The plans were evaluated based on planning target volume (PTV) …

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Kmt-2016-Blg-1836lb: A Super-Jovian Planet From A High-Cadence Microlensing Field, Hongjing Yang, Xiangyu Zhang, Kyu Ha Hwang, Weicheng Zang, Andrew Gould, Tianshu Wang, Shude Mao, Michael D. Albrow, Sun Ju Chung, Cheongho Han, Youn Kil Jung, Yoon Hyun Ryu, In Gu Shin, Yossi Shvartzvald, Jennifer C. Yee, Wei Zhu, Matthew T. Penny, Pascal Fouqué, Sang Mok Cha, Dong Jin Kim, Hyoun Woo Kim, Seung Lee Kim, Chung Uk Lee, Dong Joo Lee, Yongseok Lee, Byeong Gon Park, Richard W. Pogge Mar 2020

Kmt-2016-Blg-1836lb: A Super-Jovian Planet From A High-Cadence Microlensing Field, Hongjing Yang, Xiangyu Zhang, Kyu Ha Hwang, Weicheng Zang, Andrew Gould, Tianshu Wang, Shude Mao, Michael D. Albrow, Sun Ju Chung, Cheongho Han, Youn Kil Jung, Yoon Hyun Ryu, In Gu Shin, Yossi Shvartzvald, Jennifer C. Yee, Wei Zhu, Matthew T. Penny, Pascal Fouqué, Sang Mok Cha, Dong Jin Kim, Hyoun Woo Kim, Seung Lee Kim, Chung Uk Lee, Dong Joo Lee, Yongseok Lee, Byeong Gon Park, Richard W. Pogge

Faculty Publications

We report the discovery of a super-Jovian planet in the microlensing event KMT-2016-BLG-1836, which was found by the Korea Microlensing Telescope Network (KMTNet) high-cadence observations (Γ ∼ 4 hr-1). The planet-host mass ratio q ∼ 0.004. A Bayesian analysis indicates that the planetary system is composed of a super-Jovian Mplanet = 2.2-1.1+1.9MJ planet orbiting an M or K dwarf, Mhost = 0.49-0.25+0.38M&odot, at a distance of DL = 7.1-2.4+0.8 kpc. The projected planet-host separation is 3.5-0.9+1.1 au, implying that the planet is located beyond the snow line of the host star. Future high-resolution images can potentially strongly constrain the lens …

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Effects Of Magnetic And Structural Phase Transitions On The Normal And Anomalous Hall Effects In Ni-Mn-In-B Heusler Alloys, Mikhail Blinov, Anil Aryal, Sudip Pandey, Igor Dubenko, Saikat Talapatra, Valeriy Prudnikov, Erkki Lähderanta, Shane Stadler, Vasiliy Buchelnikov, Vladimir Sokolovskiy, Mikhail Zagrebin, Alexander Granovsky, Naushad Ali Mar 2020

Effects Of Magnetic And Structural Phase Transitions On The Normal And Anomalous Hall Effects In Ni-Mn-In-B Heusler Alloys, Mikhail Blinov, Anil Aryal, Sudip Pandey, Igor Dubenko, Saikat Talapatra, Valeriy Prudnikov, Erkki Lähderanta, Shane Stadler, Vasiliy Buchelnikov, Vladimir Sokolovskiy, Mikhail Zagrebin, Alexander Granovsky, Naushad Ali

Faculty Publications

Magnetization, electrical resistivity, magnetoresistance, and Hall resistivity of Ni50Mn35In14.25B0.75 and Ni50Mn35In14.5B0.5 Heusler alloys were studied in a temperature range T=80-400K in magnetic fields up to 20 kOe. Both alloys exhibit a martensitic transformation from a higherature ferromagnetic austenite phase to a lowerature, low-magnetization martensitic phase. The electrical resistivity nearly doubles as a result of the martensitic transformation, reaching 180 and 100 μ cm in the martensitic states of Ni50Mn35In14.25B0.75 and Ni50Mn35In14.5B0.5, respectively. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity does not corresponded with the Mooij correlation. The magnetoresistance is negative with a narrow negative peak at the martensitic transition. Normal …

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The Infrared View Of Dust And Molecules Around V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's Object): A 20-Yr Retrospective, A. Evans, R. D. Gehrz, C. E. Woodward, D. P.K. Banerjee, T. R. Geballe, G. C. Clayton, P. J. Sarre, S. Starrfield, K. Hinkle, R. R. Joyce, Foteini Lykou, L. A. Helton, S. P.S. Eyres, H. Worters, E. J. Montiel, T. Liimets, A. Zijlstra, M. Richter, J. Krautter Mar 2020

The Infrared View Of Dust And Molecules Around V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's Object): A 20-Yr Retrospective, A. Evans, R. D. Gehrz, C. E. Woodward, D. P.K. Banerjee, T. R. Geballe, G. C. Clayton, P. J. Sarre, S. Starrfield, K. Hinkle, R. R. Joyce, Foteini Lykou, L. A. Helton, S. P.S. Eyres, H. Worters, E. J. Montiel, T. Liimets, A. Zijlstra, M. Richter, J. Krautter

Faculty Publications

We present an analysis of the evolution of circumstellar dust and molecules in the environment of the very late thermal pulse object V4334 Sgr (Sakurai's object) over an ∼20-yr period, drawing on ground-, airborne-, and space-based infrared photometry and spectroscopy. The dust emission, which started in 1997, resembles a blackbody that cooled from ∼1200 K in 1998 August to ∼180 K in 2016 July. The dust mass, assuming amorphous carbon, was ∼5 × 10-10M⊙ in 1998 August, and we estimate that the total dust mass was ∼2 × 10-5M⊙ by ∼2016. The appearance of a near-infrared excess in 2008 suggests …

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Benzyne In V4334 Sqr: A Quest For The Ring With Sofia/Exes, C. E. Woodward, A. Evans, M. Richter, C. N. Dewitt, E. Montiel, E. Montiel, D. P.K. Banerjee, G. C. Clayton, S. P.S. Eyres, S. P.S. Eyres, R. D. Gehrz, K. H. Hinkle, R. R. Joyce, T. Liimets, T. Liimets, S. Starrfield, R. M. Wagner, R. M. Wagner, H. Worters Mar 2020

Benzyne In V4334 Sqr: A Quest For The Ring With Sofia/Exes, C. E. Woodward, A. Evans, M. Richter, C. N. Dewitt, E. Montiel, E. Montiel, D. P.K. Banerjee, G. C. Clayton, S. P.S. Eyres, S. P.S. Eyres, R. D. Gehrz, K. H. Hinkle, R. R. Joyce, T. Liimets, T. Liimets, S. Starrfield, R. M. Wagner, R. M. Wagner, H. Worters

Faculty Publications

Large aromatic molecules are ubiquitous in both circumstellar and interstellar environments. Detection of small aromatic molecules, such as benzene (C6H6) and benzyne (C6H4), are rare in astrophysical environments. Detection of such species will have major implications for our understanding of the astrochemistry involved in the formation of the molecules necessary for life, including modeling the chemical pathways to the formation of larger hydrocarbon molecules. We conducted a search for the infrared 18 μm spectral signature of benzyne in V4334 Sgr with the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA)/Echelon-Cross-Echelle Spectrograph (EXES) finding no evidence for a feature at the sensitivity of …

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A Plethora Of New R Coronae Borealis Stars Discovered From A Dedicated Spectroscopic Follow-Up Survey, P. Tisserand, G. C. Clayton, M. S. Bessell, D. L. Welch, D. Kamath, P. R. Wood, P. Wils, Wyrzykowski, P. Mróz, A. Udalski Mar 2020

A Plethora Of New R Coronae Borealis Stars Discovered From A Dedicated Spectroscopic Follow-Up Survey, P. Tisserand, G. C. Clayton, M. S. Bessell, D. L. Welch, D. Kamath, P. R. Wood, P. Wils, Wyrzykowski, P. Mróz, A. Udalski

Faculty Publications

Context. It is more and more suspected that R Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars-rare hydrogen-deficient and carbon-rich supergiant stars-are the products of mergers of CO/He white-dwarf binary systems in the intermediate mass regime (0.6 < MTot < 1.2 M· ). Following the merger, a short-lived cool supergiant phase starts. RCB stars are extremely rare as only 77 have hitherto been known in the Galaxy, while up to 1000 have been predicted from population synthesis models. Aims. The goal is to significantly increase the number of known RCB stars in order to better understand their evolutionary paths, their spatial distribution, and their formation rate in the context of population synthesis results. A list of 2356 RCB star candidates was selected using infrared colours from the all-sky 2MASS and WISE surveys. The objective is to follow them up spectroscopically to classify the candidates and, thus, to distinguish RCB stars from other dust-producing stars. Methods. A series of brightness and colour-colour cuts that were used as selection criteria were then tested using the sample of known Galactic and Magellanic RCB stars. RCB spectral energy distribution models were also used to understand the effects of each selection criterion in terms of circumstellar shell temperature. Optical, low-resolution spectra were obtained for nearly 500 of the candidate stars. These spectra were compared to synthetic spectra from a new grid of MARCs hydrogen-deficient atmospheric models. This allowed us to define a spectroscopic classification system for RCB stars depending on their effective temperature and photometric status. Results. This programme has found 45 new RCB stars, including 30 Cold (4000 < Teff < 6800 K), 14 Warm (6800 < Teff < 8500 K), and one Hot (Teff > 15 000 K). Forty of these belong to the Milky Way and five are located in the Magellanic Clouds. We also confirmed that the candidate KDM 5651 is indeed a new RCB star, increasing the total number of Magellanic RCB stars to 30. Conclusions. We increased the total number of RCB stars known by ∼50%, bringing it up to 147. In addition, we compiled a list of …

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Design And Performance Of A 35-Ton Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber As A Prototype For Future Very Large Detectors, D. L. Adams, M. Baird, G. Barr, N. Barros, A. Blake, E. Blaufuss, A. Booth, D. Brailsford, N. Buchanan, B. Carls, H. Chen, M. Convery, G. De Geronimo, T. Dealtry, R. Dharmapalan, Z. Djurcic, J. Fowler, S. Glavin, R. A. Gomes, M. C. Goodman, M. Graham, L. Greenler, A. Hahn, J. Hartnell, R. Herbst, A. Higuera, A. Himmel, J. Insler Mar 2020

Design And Performance Of A 35-Ton Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber As A Prototype For Future Very Large Detectors, D. L. Adams, M. Baird, G. Barr, N. Barros, A. Blake, E. Blaufuss, A. Booth, D. Brailsford, N. Buchanan, B. Carls, H. Chen, M. Convery, G. De Geronimo, T. Dealtry, R. Dharmapalan, Z. Djurcic, J. Fowler, S. Glavin, R. A. Gomes, M. C. Goodman, M. Graham, L. Greenler, A. Hahn, J. Hartnell, R. Herbst, A. Higuera, A. Himmel, J. Insler

Faculty Publications

Liquid argon time projection chamber technology is an attractive choice for large neutrino detectors, as it provides a high-resolution active target and it is expected to be scalable to very large masses. Consequently, it has been chosen as the technology for the first module of the DUNE far detector. However, the fiducial mass required for "far detectors" of the next generation of neutrino oscillation experiments far exceeds what has been demonstrated so far. Scaling to this larger mass, as well as the requirement for underground construction places a number of additional constraints on the design. A prototype 35-ton cryostat was …

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The Nbp35/Apbc Homolog Acts As A Nonessential [4fe-4s] Transfer Protein In Methanogenic Archaea, Cuiping Zhao, Zhe Lyu, Feng Long, Taiwo Akinyemi, Kasidet Manakongtreecheep, Dieter Söll, William B. Whitman, David J. Vinyard, Yuchen Liu Mar 2020

The Nbp35/Apbc Homolog Acts As A Nonessential [4fe-4s] Transfer Protein In Methanogenic Archaea, Cuiping Zhao, Zhe Lyu, Feng Long, Taiwo Akinyemi, Kasidet Manakongtreecheep, Dieter Söll, William B. Whitman, David J. Vinyard, Yuchen Liu

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Federation of European Biochemical Societies The nucleotide binding protein 35 (Nbp35)/cytosolic Fe-S cluster deficient 1 (Cfd1)/alternative pyrimidine biosynthetic protein C (ApbC) protein homologs have been identified in all three domains of life. In eukaryotes, the Nbp35/Cfd1 heterocomplex is an essential Fe-S cluster assembly scaffold required for the maturation of Fe-S proteins in the cytosol and nucleus, whereas the bacterial ApbC is an Fe-S cluster transfer protein only involved in the maturation of a specific target protein. Here, we show that the Nbp35/ApbC homolog MMP0704 purified from its native archaeal host Methanococcus maripaludis contains a [4Fe-4S] cluster that can …

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Utilization Of Artificial Neural Network To Explore The Compositional Space Of Hollandite-Structured Materials For Radionuclide Cs Incorporation, Dipta B. Ghosh, Bijaya B. Karki, Jianwei Wang Mar 2020

Utilization Of Artificial Neural Network To Explore The Compositional Space Of Hollandite-Structured Materials For Radionuclide Cs Incorporation, Dipta B. Ghosh, Bijaya B. Karki, Jianwei Wang

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Elsevier B.V. Hollandite with the general formula A2B8O16 is known for its potential to immobilize radionuclide Cs in the tunnel along the z-axis of the crystal structure. The effective Cs incorporation in a hollandite phase with an optimal loading capacity and the long term stability depends significantly on the B-site cations, which, in addition to providing optimal structural compatibility, must ensure the phase's resistance to chemical weathering in an aqueous environment that includes external thermodynamic conditions such as temperature and solution chemistry. Based on the importance of the B-site cations, we explored in detail the possible B-site compositions …

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The Relative Importance Of Local And Regional Processes To Metapopulation Dynamics, Tad A. Dallas, Marjo Saastamoinen, Torsti Schulz, Otso Ovaskainen Mar 2020

The Relative Importance Of Local And Regional Processes To Metapopulation Dynamics, Tad A. Dallas, Marjo Saastamoinen, Torsti Schulz, Otso Ovaskainen

Faculty Publications

© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology © 2019 British Ecological Society Metapopulation dynamics – patch occupancy, colonization and extinction – are the result of complex processes at both local (e.g. environmental conditions) and regional (e.g. spatial arrangement of habitat patches) scales. A large body of work has focused on habitat patch area and connectivity (area-isolation paradigm). However, these approaches often do not incorporate local environmental conditions or fully address how the spatial arrangement of habitat patches (and resulting connectivity) can influence metapopulation dynamics. Here, we utilize long-term data on a classic metapopulation system – the Glanville fritillary butterfly …

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Potential Population Growth Of Melanaphis Sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Under Six Constant Temperatures On Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L.), M. F. Souza, J. A. Davis Mar 2020

Potential Population Growth Of Melanaphis Sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Under Six Constant Temperatures On Grain Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor L.), M. F. Souza, J. A. Davis

Faculty Publications

Sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari Zehntner (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is now widely established in sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (Poaceae), production areas of the USA, and is an important economic pest. To calculate economic thresholds, population growth parameters under varied temperature conditions are needed. However, detailed laboratory studies of temperature effects on the biology and population parameters of M. sacchari since the sorghum outbreak in the US have not been performed previously. Therefore, this study evaluated the response of M. sacchari to 6 different constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, 32, and 35 °C) on sorghum tissue. Aphid development, age-specific survivorship, fecundity, …

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Insect Herbivores Associated With Nymphaea Mexicana (Nymphaeaceae) In Southern United States: Potential Biological Control Agents For South Africa, Megan K. Reid, Julie A. Coetzee, Martin P. Hill, Rodrigo Diaz, Lyn A. Gettys, James P. Cuda, Christopher S. Reid Mar 2020

Insect Herbivores Associated With Nymphaea Mexicana (Nymphaeaceae) In Southern United States: Potential Biological Control Agents For South Africa, Megan K. Reid, Julie A. Coetzee, Martin P. Hill, Rodrigo Diaz, Lyn A. Gettys, James P. Cuda, Christopher S. Reid

Faculty Publications

Nymphaea mexicana Zuccarini (Nymphaeaceae) (Mexican waterlily) is an emergent floating-leaved aquatic plant from the southeastern USA that is invasive in South Africa. In invaded waterbodies this plant restricts water movement, increases siltation, decreases recreational activities, and can deplete water oxygen levels, which in turn negatively impacts aquatic fauna. Currently there are no chemical, mechanical, or biological control programs in place for N. mexicana in South Africa, but the sustainability of biological control makes this the most desirable option. Field surveys for potential biological control agents were conducted in the native range of N. mexicana in Florida, Louisiana, and Texas from …

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Allelopathic Effects Of Cinnamomum Septentrionale Leaf Litter On Eucalyptus Grandis Saplings, Weiwei Huang, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Peijian Shi, Jianbei Huang, Hongling Hu, Tingxing Hu Mar 2020

Allelopathic Effects Of Cinnamomum Septentrionale Leaf Litter On Eucalyptus Grandis Saplings, Weiwei Huang, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Peijian Shi, Jianbei Huang, Hongling Hu, Tingxing Hu

Faculty Publications

Allelopathy plays an important role in plant-plant interactions, particularly through compounds released from litter exudates and decomposition. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to examine how additions of Cinnamomum septentrionale Hand. Mazz leaf litter (A) versus leaf litter aqueous extracts (B) can impact Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maid saplings, focusing on growth, physiology and photosynthesis. We show that both A and B significantly inhibited the growth and photosynthesis of E. grandis saplings, and this inhibition strengthened with increasing soil A content (range from 0 to 120 g pot−1) and concentrations of B (range from 0 to 80 g L−1). Additions of …

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Highly Efficient Composite Flame Retardants For Improving The Flame Retardancy, Thermal Stability, Smoke Suppression, And Mechanical Properties Of Eva, Yilin Liu, Bin Li, Miaojun Xu, Lili Wang Mar 2020

Highly Efficient Composite Flame Retardants For Improving The Flame Retardancy, Thermal Stability, Smoke Suppression, And Mechanical Properties Of Eva, Yilin Liu, Bin Li, Miaojun Xu, Lili Wang

Faculty Publications

Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer has been used extensively in many fields. However, EVA is flammable and releases CO gas during burning. In this work, a composite flame retardant with ammonium polyphosphate (APP), a charring-foaming agent (CFA), and a layered double hydroxide (LDH) containing rare-earth elements (REEs) was obtained and used to improve the flame retardancy, thermal stability, and smoke suppression for an EVA matrix. The thermal analysis showed that the maximum thermal degradation temperature of all composites increased by more than 37 °C compared with that of pure EVA. S-LaMgAl/APP/CFA/EVA, S-CeMgAl/APP/CFA/EVA, and S-NdMgAl/APP/CFA/EVA could achieve self-extinguishing behavior according to …

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Natively Oxidized Amino Acid Residues In The Spinach Ps I-Lhc I Supercomplex, Ravindra Kale, Larry Sallans, Laurie K. Frankel, Terry M. Bricker Mar 2020

Natively Oxidized Amino Acid Residues In The Spinach Ps I-Lhc I Supercomplex, Ravindra Kale, Larry Sallans, Laurie K. Frankel, Terry M. Bricker

Faculty Publications

© 2020, Springer Nature B.V. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is an unavoidable byproduct of electron transport under aerobic conditions. Photosystem II (PS II), the cytochrome b6/f complex and Photosystem I (PS I) are all demonstrated sources of ROS. It has been proposed that PS I produces substantial levels of a variety of ROS including O2.−, 1O2, H2O2 and, possibly, •OH; however, the site(s) of ROS production within PS I has been the subject of significant debate. We hypothesize that amino acid residues close to the sites of ROS generation will be more susceptible to oxidative modification than distant residues. …

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A Target Enrichment Bait Set For Studying Relationships Among Ostariophysan Fishes, Brant C. Faircloth, Fernando Alda, Kendra Hoekzema, Michael D. Burns, Claudio Oliveira, James S. Albert, Bruno F. Melo, Luz E. Ochoa, Fábio F. Roxo, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Brian L. Sidlauskas, Michael E. Alfaro Mar 2020

A Target Enrichment Bait Set For Studying Relationships Among Ostariophysan Fishes, Brant C. Faircloth, Fernando Alda, Kendra Hoekzema, Michael D. Burns, Claudio Oliveira, James S. Albert, Bruno F. Melo, Luz E. Ochoa, Fábio F. Roxo, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Brian L. Sidlauskas, Michael E. Alfaro

Faculty Publications

© 2020 by the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists. Target enrichment of conserved nuclear loci has helped reconstruct evolutionary relationships among a wide variety of species. While there are preexisting bait sets to enrich a few hundred loci across all fishes or a thousand loci from acanthomorph fishes, no bait set exists to enrich large numbers (>1,000 loci) of ultraconserved nuclear loci from ostariophysans, the second largest actinopterygian superorder. In this study, we describe how we designed a bait set to enrich 2,708 ultraconserved nuclear loci from ostariophysan fishes by combining an existing genome assembly with low coverage …

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Guiding And Trapping Cracks With Compliant Inclusions For Enhancing Toughness Of Brittle Composite Materials, Neal R. Brodnik, Chun Jen Hsueh, Katherine T. Faber, Blaise Bourdin, Guruswami Ravichandran, Kaushik Bhattacharya Mar 2020

Guiding And Trapping Cracks With Compliant Inclusions For Enhancing Toughness Of Brittle Composite Materials, Neal R. Brodnik, Chun Jen Hsueh, Katherine T. Faber, Blaise Bourdin, Guruswami Ravichandran, Kaushik Bhattacharya

Faculty Publications

The problem of toughening heterogeneous materials with a stiff matrix and compliant inclusions is investigated through numerical simulations and experiments. Specifically, the problem of optimizing a combination of effective toughness and effective elastic modulus in the context of a square array of compliant inclusions in a stiff matrix is explored. Crack propagation in the heterogeneous material is simulated using a variational phase-field approach. It is found that the crack can meander between or get attracted to and trapped in the inclusions. Composite specimens with a stiff matrix and compliant circular inclusions were 3D printed, and their fracture toughness was measured …

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X-Ray Interferometry Without Analyzer For Breast Ct Application: A Simulation Study, Jingzhu Xu, Kyungmin Ham, Joyoni Dey Mar 2020

X-Ray Interferometry Without Analyzer For Breast Ct Application: A Simulation Study, Jingzhu Xu, Kyungmin Ham, Joyoni Dey

Faculty Publications

Purpose: We investigate an analyzer-less x-ray interferometer with a spatially modulated phase grating (MPG) that can deliver three modalities (attenuation image, phase image, and scatter images) in breast computed tomography (BCT). The system can provide three x-ray modalities while preserving the dose to the object and can achieve attenuation image sensitivity similar to that of a standard absorption-only BCT. The MPG system works with a source, a source-grating, a single phase grating, and a detector. No analyzer is necessary. Thus, there is an approximately 2x improvement in fluence at the detector for our system compared with the same source-detector distance …

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Ranking Tournaments With No Errors I: Structural Description, Xujin Chen, Guoli Ding, Wenan Zang, Qiulan Zhao Mar 2020

Ranking Tournaments With No Errors I: Structural Description, Xujin Chen, Guoli Ding, Wenan Zang, Qiulan Zhao

Faculty Publications

In this series of two papers we examine the classical problem of ranking a set of players on the basis of a set of pairwise comparisons arising from a sports tournament, with the objective of minimizing the total number of upsets, where an upset occurs if a higher ranked player was actually defeated by a lower ranked player. This problem can be rephrased as the so-called minimum feedback arc set problem on tournaments, which arises in a rich variety of applications and has been a subject of extensive research. In this series we study this NP-hard problem using structure-driven and …

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Sudden And Steady Orbital Period Changes Across Six Classical Nova Eruptions: The End Of Hibernation And Two Serious Challenges For The Magnetic Braking Model Of Cataclysmic Variable Evolution, Bradley E. Schaefer Mar 2020

Sudden And Steady Orbital Period Changes Across Six Classical Nova Eruptions: The End Of Hibernation And Two Serious Challenges For The Magnetic Braking Model Of Cataclysmic Variable Evolution, Bradley E. Schaefer

Faculty Publications

I report on two new measures of the sudden change in the orbital period (P) across the nova eruption (ΔP) and the steady period change in quiescence (P ) for classical novae (CNe) RR Pic and HR Del, bringing a total of six such measures for CNe, all in a final report of my large and long observing program. The fractional changes (ΔP/P) in parts-per-million (ppm) are -290.71 ± 0.28 (QZ Aur), -472.1 ± 4.8 (HR Del), -4.46 ± 0.03 (DQ Her), +39.6 ± 0.5 (BT Mon), -2003.7 ± 0.9 (RR Pic), and -273 ± 61 (V1017 Sgr). These results …

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Sudden And Steady Orbital Period Changes Across The Classical Nova Eruptions Of Dq Her And Bt Mon, Bradley E. Schaefer Mar 2020

Sudden And Steady Orbital Period Changes Across The Classical Nova Eruptions Of Dq Her And Bt Mon, Bradley E. Schaefer

Faculty Publications

I report two new measures of the sudden change in the orbital period (P) across the nova eruption (ΔP) and the steady period change in quiescence (P- ) for classical novae (CNe) DQ Her and BT Mon. The fractional changes (ΔP/P) in parts per million (ppm) are -4.46 ± 0.03 for DQ Her and +39.6 ± 0.5 for BT Mon. For BT Mon, the ΔP/P value is not large enough (i.e. >1580 ppm) to allow for hibernation in this system. The negative ΔP/P for DQ Her is a confident counterexample of the hibernation model for the evolution of cataclysmic variables. …

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Neutron-Hole Strength In N=81 Nuclei, A. M. Howard, S. J. Freeman, D. K. Sharp, T. Bloxham, J. A. Clark, C. M. Deibel, B. P. Kay, P. D. Parker, J. P. Schiffer, J. S. Thomas Mar 2020

Neutron-Hole Strength In N=81 Nuclei, A. M. Howard, S. J. Freeman, D. K. Sharp, T. Bloxham, J. A. Clark, C. M. Deibel, B. P. Kay, P. D. Parker, J. P. Schiffer, J. S. Thomas

Faculty Publications

A systematic study of neutron-hole strength in the N=81 nuclei Ba137, Ce139, Nd141, and Sm143 is reported. The single-neutron removal reactions (p,d) and (He3,α) were measured at energies of 23 and 34 MeV, respectively. Spectroscopic factors were extracted from measured cross sections through a distorted-wave Born approximation analysis and centroids of single-particle strength have been established. The change in these centroid energies as a function of proton number have been compared to calculations of the monopole shift for the s1/2 and h11/2 orbitals, where the majority of the strength has been observed. Significant fragmentation of strength was observed for the …

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Carbonized Cellulose Nanofibers As Dielectric Heat Sources For Microwave Annealing 3d Printed Pla Composite, Ju Dong, Xingyan Huang, Pranjali Muley, Tongyao Wu, Mohamad Barekati-Goudarzi, Zhengjie Tang, Meichun Li, Sunyoung Lee, Dorin Boldor, Qinglin Wu Mar 2020

Carbonized Cellulose Nanofibers As Dielectric Heat Sources For Microwave Annealing 3d Printed Pla Composite, Ju Dong, Xingyan Huang, Pranjali Muley, Tongyao Wu, Mohamad Barekati-Goudarzi, Zhengjie Tang, Meichun Li, Sunyoung Lee, Dorin Boldor, Qinglin Wu

Faculty Publications

Filament fused fabrication (FFF) is an extrusion-based 3D printing technology for manufacturing thermoplastic components. One major obstacle facing 3D printed thermoplastic material is the reduced crystallinity resulting from a fast quench when material exiting the 3D printer hot nozzle solidifies quickly at the low-temperature platform, leading to weak mechanical performance. Here, we report an accelerated annealing strategy with the assistance of microwave heating, aiming to enhance crystallinity and mechanical performance of FFF 3D printed polylactic acid (PLA) composite. We selected naturally abundant cellulose fibers as precursors for producing carbonized cellulose nanofibers (CCNFs), and compounded CCNFs with PLA to produce bi-component …

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Dynamics Of Corn Dry Matter Content And Grain Quality After Physiological Maturity, Md Rasel Parvej, Charles R. Hurburgh, H. Mark Hanna, Mark A. Licht Mar 2020

Dynamics Of Corn Dry Matter Content And Grain Quality After Physiological Maturity, Md Rasel Parvej, Charles R. Hurburgh, H. Mark Hanna, Mark A. Licht

Faculty Publications

Delayed corn (Zea mays L.) harvest after physiological maturity (PM) is a universal practice in the U.S. Corn Belt to reduce grain drying cost. However, corn yield is speculated to be lost due to kernel dry matter loss from seed respiration. We evaluated the impact of in-field dry down on corn dry matter content and grain quality after PM at two locations in Iowa during 2016 and 2017. Each site-year consisted of two planting dates and three hybrids where ears were collected six to eight times from PM to harvest. Regardless of site-year and hybrid, grain moisture decreased and test …

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Scaling Anomaly In The Mechanical Response In Microscale Reverse Extrusion Of Copper, Bin Zhang, W. J. Meng Mar 2020

Scaling Anomaly In The Mechanical Response In Microscale Reverse Extrusion Of Copper, Bin Zhang, W. J. Meng

Faculty Publications

The continuing trend of device miniaturization brings increasing demand for small metal parts and, consequently, significant interest in microscale metal forming technologies. In this work, the influence of grain size on mechanical response in microscale axisymmetric reverse extrusion of Cu 110 alloy was investigated in detail. A characteristic plastic strain associated with material deformation in the extrusion process was, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, defined, measured, and used to evaluate the material's bulk flow stress at this corresponding strain. This flow stress was then used to scale measured mechanical response in reverse extrusion and help …

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Spatial And Pregnancy-Related Changes In The Protein, Amino Acid, And Carbohydrate Composition Of Bovine Oviduct Fluid, Beatriz Rodríguez-Alonso, Veronica Maillo, Omar Salvador Acuña, Rebeca López-Úbeda, Alejandro Torrecillas, Constantine A. Simintiras, Roger Sturmey, Manuel Avilés, Patrick Lonergan, Dimitrios Rizos Mar 2020

Spatial And Pregnancy-Related Changes In The Protein, Amino Acid, And Carbohydrate Composition Of Bovine Oviduct Fluid, Beatriz Rodríguez-Alonso, Veronica Maillo, Omar Salvador Acuña, Rebeca López-Úbeda, Alejandro Torrecillas, Constantine A. Simintiras, Roger Sturmey, Manuel Avilés, Patrick Lonergan, Dimitrios Rizos

Faculty Publications

Knowledge of how the biochemical composition of the bovine oviduct is altered due to the oviduct anatomy or the presence of an embryo is lacking. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of (І) oviduct anatomy and (ІІ) embryo presence on oviductal fluid (OF) protein, amino acid, and carbohydrate composition. Cross-bred beef heifers (n = 19) were synchronized and those in standing estrus were randomly allocated to a cyclic (non-bred) or pregnant (artificially inseminated) group. All heifers were slaughtered on Day 3 after estrus. The oviducts ipsilateral to the corpus luteum from each animal were isolated, …

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The 21st Century Agriculture: When Rice Research Draws Attention To Climate Variability And How Weedy Rice And Underutilized Grains Come In Handy, Noraikim Mohd Hanafiah, Muhamad Shakirin Mispan, Phaik Eem Lim, Niranjan Baisakh, Acga Cheng Mar 2020

The 21st Century Agriculture: When Rice Research Draws Attention To Climate Variability And How Weedy Rice And Underutilized Grains Come In Handy, Noraikim Mohd Hanafiah, Muhamad Shakirin Mispan, Phaik Eem Lim, Niranjan Baisakh, Acga Cheng

Faculty Publications

Rice, the first crop to be fully sequenced and annotated in the mid-2000s, is an excellent model species for crop research due mainly to its relatively small genome and rich genetic diversity. The 130-million-year-old cereal came into the limelight in the 1960s when the semi-dwarfing gene sd-1, better known as the “green revolution” gene, resulted in the establishment of a high-yielding semi-dwarf variety IR8. Deemed as the miracle rice, IR8 saved millions of lives and revolutionized irrigated rice farming particularly in the tropics. The technology, however, spurred some unintended negative consequences, especially in prompting ubiquitous monoculture systems that increase agricultural …

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Correction: Cultivation And Genomics Of The First Freshwater Sar11 (Ld12) Isolate (The Isme Journal, (2018), 12, 7, (1846-1860), 10.1038/S41396-018-0092-2), Michael W. Henson, V. Celeste Lanclos, Brant C. Faircloth, J. Cameron Thrash Mar 2020

Correction: Cultivation And Genomics Of The First Freshwater Sar11 (Ld12) Isolate (The Isme Journal, (2018), 12, 7, (1846-1860), 10.1038/S41396-018-0092-2), Michael W. Henson, V. Celeste Lanclos, Brant C. Faircloth, J. Cameron Thrash

Faculty Publications

Since publication of the original article the authors noticed, regrettably, that the production of the article introduced errors into the nomenclature format for the organism, which were identified by the authors during proofing, but nevertheless remained uncorrected prior to publication of the article. In the Abstract section “For strain LSUCC0530, we propose the provisional nomenclature Candidatus fonsibacter ubiquis” should read “For strain LSUCC0530, we propose the provisional nomenclature Candidatus Fonsibacter ubiquis”. In the Discussion section For the first cultured representative of the LD12 clade, we propose the provisional taxonomic assignment for strain LSUCC0530 as “Candidatus fonsibacter ubiquis” should read For …

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