Digital Commons Network^™

In-Plane Linear-Displacement Bistable Microrelay, Troy Gomm, Larry L. Howell, Richard H. Selfridge

Faculty Publications

This paper investigates the Linear Displacement Bistable Mechanism (LDBM) for use in microrelays. The LDBM, thermal actuators, and contacts are integrated to demonstrate a relay design. The performance of the relay is characterized using relay performance metrics, including size (1.92 mm2), contact force (23.4 μN), switching time (340 μs), breakdown voltage (> 475 V), and isolation (> 235 V). The actuation voltage and current are 11 V and 85 mA, respectively. AC characteristics, including contact-to-contact crosstalk and AC isolation are also measured. The testing results demonstrate that it is feasible to use the LDBM as a microrelay and that it …

Design Of Functionally Graded Composite Structures In The Presence Of Stress Constraints, Robert Lipton

Faculty Publications

In this work new homogenization results are used to introduce a methodology for the design of structural components made from composite materials in the presence of stress constraints. A numerical method is developed for finding functionally graded materials that provide the maximum torsional rigidity while keeping the mean square stress inside the composite structure below a prescribed level. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Maximum Current In Nitride-Based Heterostructure Field-Effect Transistors, A. Koudymov, H. Fatima, Grigory Simin, J. Yang, M. Asif Khan, A. Tarakji, X. Hu, M. S. Shur, R. Gaska

Faculty Publications

We present experimental and modeling results on the gate-length dependence of the maximum current that can be achieved in GaN-based heterostructurefield-effect transistors(HFETs) and metal–oxide–semiconductor HFETs (MOSHFETs). Our results show that the factor limiting the maximum current in the HFETs is the forward gate leakage current. In the MOSHFETs, the gate leakage current is suppressed and the overflow of the two dimensional electron gas into the AlGaN barrier region becomes the most important factor limiting the maximum current. Therefore, the maximum current is substantially higher in MOSHFETs than in HFETs. The measured maximum current increases with a decrease in the gate …

Measurement Of The Photon-Proton Total Cross Section At A Center-Of-Mass Energy Of 209 Gev At Hera, S. Chekanov, M. Derrick, D. Krakauer, S. Magill, B. Musgrave, A. Pellegrino, J. Repond, R. Yoshida, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, G. Levi, A. Margotti, T. Massam, R. Nania, F. Palmonari, A. Pesci, G. Sartorelli

Faculty Publications

The photon-proton total cross section has been measured in the process e+ p → e+ γp → e+ X with the ZEUS detector at HERA. Events were collected with photon virtuality Q2 < 0.02 GeV2 and average γp center-of-mass energy Wγp = 209 GeV in a dedicated run, designed to control systematic effects, with an integrated luminosity of 49 nb-1. The measured total cross section is σtotγp = 174 ± 1 (stat.) ± 13 (syst.) μb. The energy dependence of the cross section is compatible with parameterizations of high-energy pp and pap data. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

High-Mass Dijet Cross Sections In Photoproduction At Hera, S. Chekanov, M. Derrick, D. Krakauer, S. Magill, B. Musgrave, A. Pellegrino, J. Repond, R. Yoshida, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, G. Levi, A. Margotti, T. Massam, R. Nania, F. Palmonari, A. Pesci, G. Sartorelli

Faculty Publications

Dijet differential cross sections for the reaction e+ p → e+ + jet + jet + X in the photoproduction regime have been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 42.7 pb-. The cross sections are given for photon-proton centre-of-mass energies in the range 134 < W < 277 GeV. The differential cross sections as a function of the dijet mass, MJJ, and of the dijet angular variables have been measured for 47 < MJJ < 160 GeV and compared to next-to-leading-order QCD calculations. The dijet events in the region 75 < MJJ < 100 GeV have been used to derive a 95% C.L. upper limit on the cross section for Z0 photoproduction of σ e+p→e+Z0X < 5.9 pb. Upper limits on the photoproduction of new heavy resonances decaying into two jets are also presented for masses in the range between 60 GeV and 155 GeV. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Dijet Photoproduction At Hera And The Structure Of The Photon, S. Chekanov, M. Derrick, D. Krakauer, S. Magill, B. Musgrave, A. Pellegrino, J. Repond, R. Yoshida, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, G. Levi, A. Margotti, T. Massam, R. Nania, F. Palmonari, A. Pesci, G. Sartorelli

Faculty Publications

The dijet cross section in photoproduction has been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 38.6 pb-1. The events were required to have a virtuality of the incoming photon, Q2, of less than 1 GeV2 and a photon-proton centre-of-mass energy in the range 134 < Wγp < 277 GeV. Each event contains at least two jets satisfying transverse-energy requirements of ETjet1 > 14 GeV and ETjet2 > 11 GeV and pseudorapidity requirements of -1 < ηjet1,2 < 2.4. The measurements are compared to next-to-leading-order QCD predictions. The data show particular sensitivity to the density of partons in the photon, allowing the validity of the current parameterisations to be tested.

An Assessment Of Air Force Development Portfolio Management Practices, Michael A. Greiner, Kevin J. Dooley, Dan L. Shunk, Ross T. Mcnutt

Faculty Publications

Selecting and managing development project portfolios is a critical function within the Air Force’s weapon systems development process. Decision makers must weigh benefits, costs, and mission needs for a variety of proposed new initiatives and current weapon systems programs in order to develop an effective portfolio that provides the best value to the User. This research examines current Air Force development portfolio management practices as perceived by those involved with the decision making process. Research findings indicate several gaps between Air Force practices and those commercial best practices as found in the literature. A general approach for bridging the differences …

Harmony And Diversity In Global Patent Law, John F. Duffy

Faculty Publications

The second half of the twentieth century saw the rise of a broad movement to harmonize patent laws across nation-states. The most recent, and most significant, manifestation of this movement is the 1994 TRIPS Agreement, which requires signatory nations to adopt uniform rules on many major issues of patent law. The TRIPS Agreement has now been implemented by well over one hundred countries, including almost all major industrial nations, and it heralds a new level of international uniformity in patent law.

This Article, while acknowledging the value of some harmonization of national law , explores the possible costs of the …

But Can You Count On Them To Be Ethical?, Melvin J. Dubnick, Jonathan B. Justice

Faculty Publications

The issue addressed in this paper is whether the linkage between accountability and ethics makes sense in light of what we know about social and psychological behavior. And if the connection between the two makes analytic sense, what are the implications of those linkages for our understanding of public administrative ethics? We will show that there is indeed (at the least) an analytic connection between accountability and ethics, and that the relationship is a complex one rooted in the fact that accountability is itself takes multiple and relatively distinct forms in the lives of public administrators. Furthermore, we contend that …

Rapid Heterogeneous Ad Hoc Connection Establishment: Accelerating Bluetooth Inquiry Using Irda, Trevor Clifton, Derek D. Joos, Charles D. Knutson, Ryan W. Woodings

Faculty Publications

Bluetooth device discovery is a time-intensive phase of the Bluetooth connection-establishment procedure. In this paper we propose a technique that integrates existing IrDA technology with Bluetooth technology to improve the ad hoc connection establishment time of Bluetooth devices. We accomplish this improvement by first establishing an IrDA connection between two devices equipped with both Bluetooth and IrDA capabilities and then exchanging Bluetooth device discovery information via the established IrDA connection. As a result of this cooperative exchange, the devices are able to bypass the time-intensive Bluetooth device discovery procedure. Our research shows that IrDA-assisted Bluetooth connection establishment is up to …

Definition And Evaluation Of Bus And Truck Automation Operations Concepts, H.-S. Jacob Tsao, Jan Botha

Faculty Publications

Traffic congestion will continue to worsen and likely worsen at a faster rate than ever. People throughput and freight throughput have become critical issues for California and the rest of the nation. PATH has been funding a one-year research project entitled “Definition And Evaluation of Bus And Truck Automation Operations Concepts,” proposed by the authors. This report summarizes the results of the research project achieved during the first six months. During those six months, we reviewed literature and developed operating concepts for both urban bus automation and inter-city truck automation. We also selected a small number of most promising operating …

Microelectronics Process Engineering At San Jose State University: A Manufacturing-Oriented Interdisciplinary Degree Program, Emily Allen, Stacy H. Gleixner, David W. Parent, Greg Young, Yasser Dessouky, Linda Vanasupa

Faculty Publications

San Jose State University's new interdisciplinary curriculum in Microelectronics Process Engineering is described. This baccalaureate program emphasizes hands-on thin-film fabrication experience, manufacturing methods such as statistical process control, and fundamentals of materials science and semiconductor device physics. Each course of the core laboratory sequence integrates fabrication knowledge with process engineering and manufacturing methods. The curriculum development process relies on clearly defined and detailed program and course learning objectives. We also briefly discuss our strategy of making process engineering experiences accessible for all engineering students through both Lab Module and Statistics Module series.

The Effect Of Reactor Geometry On Frontal Polymerization Spin Modes, John A. Pojman, Jonathan Masere, Enrico Petretto, Mauro Rustici, Do-Sung Huh, Min Suk Kim, Vladimir Volpert

Faculty Publications

Using reactors of different sizes and geometries the dynamics of the frontal polymerization of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA) and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PETAC), with ammonium persulfate as the initiator were studied. For this system, the frontal polymerization exhibits complex behavior that depends on the ratio of the monomers. For a particular range of monomers concentration, the polymerization front becomes nonplanar, and spin modes appear. By varying the reactor diameter, we experimentally confirmed the expected shift of the system to a greater number of "hot spots" for larger diameters. For square test tubes a "zig-zag" mode was observed for the first time in …

Dijet Production In Neutral Current Deep Inelastic Scattering At Hera, S. Chekanov, M. Derrick, D. Krakauer, S. Magill, B. Musgrave, A. Pellegrino, J. Repond, R. Yoshida, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, G. Levi, A. Margotti, T. Massam, R. Nania, F. Palmonari, A. Pesci, G. Sartorelli

Faculty Publications

Dijet cross sections in neutral current deep inelastic ep scattering have been measured in the range 10 < Q2 < 104 GeV 2 with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 38.4 pb-1. The cross sections, measured in the Breit frame using the kT jet algorithm, are compared with next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations using proton parton distribution functions. The uncertainties of the QCD calculations have been studied. The predictions are in reasonable agreement with the measured cross sections over the entire kinematic range.

How Do Disciplines Grow?, Anita Coleman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Collisional Dynamics Of Bi2 A(0U+). Ii. State-To-State Rotational Energy Transfer, Robert E. Franklin, Glen P. Perram

Faculty Publications

Rotational-to-translational (R–T) energy transfer within v′=1 of the A(0⁺_u) state of Bi₂ has been investigated using spectrally resolved, laser induced fluorescence techniques. Spectrally resolved emissions from collisionally populated rotational levels of Bi₂(A,v′=1) were observed for helium, neon, and argon collision partners after laser excitation of the high rotational levels J′=171, 201, and 231. Total rotational removal rates from the initially prepared state range from 2.8–8.9×10−10 cm3/molecule s. Collisional population of rotational states with |ΔJ|⩽56 was observed at pressures of 0.09–1.4 Torr. The state-to-state rates are adequately modeled by the energy based statistical power gap …

Two Mechanisms Of Blueshift Of Edge Emission In Ingan-Based Epilayers And Multiple Quantum Wells, E. Kuokstis, J. W. Yang, Grigory Simin, M. Asif Khan, R. Gaska, M. S. Shur

Faculty Publications

We present the results of a comparative photoluminescence(PL) study of GaN and InGaN-based epilayers, and InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells(MQWs). Room-temperature PL spectra were measured for a very broad range of optical excitation from 10 mW/cm² up to 1 MW/cm². In contrast to GaN epilayers, all In-containing samples exhibited an excitation-induced blueshift of the peak emission. In addition, the blueshift of the emission in the InGaN epilayers with the same composition as the quantum well was significantly smaller. The comparison of the blueshift in the “bulk” InGaN and in the MQWs allowed us to separate two different mechanisms …

Two Splice Variants Of Nopp140 In Drosophila Melanogaster, John M. Waggener, Patrick J. Dimario

Faculty Publications

The Nopp140 gene of Drosophila maps within 79A5 of chromosome 3. Alternative splicing yields two variants. DmNopp140 (654 residues) is the sequence homolog of vertebrate Nopp140. Its carboxy terminus is 64% identical to that of the prototypical rat Noppl40. DmNopp140-RGG (688 residues) is identical to DmNopp140 throughout its first 551 residues, but its carboxy terminus contains a glycine/arginine-rich domain that is often found in RNA-binding proteins such as vertebrate nucleolin. Both Drosophila variants localize to nucleoli in Drosophila Schneider II cells and Xenopus oocytes, specifically within the dense fibrillar components. In HeLa cells, DmNopp140-RGG localizes to intact nucleoli, whereas DmNopp140 …

Effect Of Catalyst Structure On Oxidative Dehydrogenation Of Ethane And Propane On Alumina-Supported Vanadia, Morris D. Argyle, Kaidong Chen, Alexis T. Bell, Enrique Iglesia

Faculty Publications

The catalytic properties of Al2O3-supported vanadia with a wide range of VOx surface density (1.4-34.2 V/nm2) and structure were examined for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane and propane. UV-visible and Raman spectra showed that vanadia is dispersed predominately as isolated monovanadate species below ~2.3 V/nm2. As surface densities increase, two-dimensional polyvanadates appear (2.3-7.0 V/nm2) along with increasing amounts of V2O5 crystallites at surface densities above 7.0 V/nm2. The rate constant for oxidative dehydrogenation (k1) and its ratio with alkane and alkene combustion (k2/k1 and k3/k1, respectively) were compared for both alkane reactants as a function of vanadia surface density. Propene …

Introduction To Forestry Investment Analysis: Part Ii. Taxes, Inflation, And Other Issues, Thomas J. Straka, Steven H. Bullard, Mark R. Dubois

Faculty Publications

Part I of this article covered the basics of compounding and discounting. You were introduced to forestry investment analysis. However, several complications were not discussed. What about inflation, taxes, and risk? Part II addresses basic complications. It also includes more detailed forestry investment analyses.

Global Expression Profiling Of Acetate-Grown Escherichia Coli, Min-Kyu Oh, Lars Rohlin, Katy Kao, James Liao

Faculty Publications

This study characterized the transcript profile of Escherichia coli in acetate cultures using DNA microarray on glass slides. Glucose-grown cultures were used as a reference. At the 95% confidence level, 354 genes were up-regulated in acetate, while 370 genes were down-regulated compared with the glucose-grown culture. Generally, more metabolic genes were up-regulated in acetate than other gene groups, while genes involved in cell replication, transcription, and translation machinery tended to be down-regulated. It appears that E. coli commits more resources to metabolism at the expense of growth when cultured in the poor carbon source. The expression profile confirms many known …

Widespread Decline In Hydrological Monitoring Threatens Pan‐Arctic Research, Alexander I. Shiklomanov, Richard B. Lammers, Charles J. Vorosmarty

Faculty Publications

Operational river discharge monitoring is declining in both North America and Eurasia. This problem is especially severe in the Far East of Siberia and the province of Ontario, where 73% and 67% of river gauges were closed between 1986 and 1999, respectively. These reductions will greatly affect our ability to study variations in and alterations to the pan‐Arctic hydrological cycle.

Engineered Wood Products May Dramatically Impact Timber Markets In The Southern U.S., Steven H. Bullard

Faculty Publications

"Change is inevitable, except from a vending machine." This bumper sticker saying relates well to recent developments in fo rest products and their potential impact on forest landowners in the South.

Change is inevitable-and very important changes are occurring today in how the trees-we grow are processed and used in the US and around the world. These changes have the potential for very dramatic changes in timber markets in the US South, where there are millions of acres of commercial forestland. Changes in timber markets, of course, affect landowners' profits from timber growing, and they may therefore impact our objectives …

Combined Beamforming And Space-Time Block Coding With A Sparse Array Antenna, Robert H. Morelos-Zaragoza, Mohammad Ghavami

Faculty Publications

We continue our investigation of joint beamforming and transmit diversity with space-time block coding. In particular, the performance of a four-element array antenna is considered, in the context of an indoor wireless communication system. The main contribution is to show that transmit diversity may be practically achieved, even with correlated beams produced by a sparse array antenna.

Effects Of Welding Electropolished 316l Stainless Steel As Used In Ultra-Pure Fluid Delivery Systems For The Semiconductor And Pharmaceutical Industries, Guna S. Selvaduray, S. Trigwell

Faculty Publications

In the semiconductor and pharmaceutical industries, care is taken to prevent any contribution to product contamination or corrosion from the fluid delivery systems. Electropolished 316L stainless steel has become the industry standard due to its superior corrosion resistance. However, welding of the tubing often leads to discoloration in the heat affected zone (HAZ) which can lead to corrosion. Electropolished specimens from various lots of 316L stainless steel tubing were welded under identical parameters, but with varying concentrations of oxygen leaked into the argon purge gas during the welding, simulating on-site welding conditions. Various levels of discoloration were observed in the …

Fables Of The Cuyahoga: Reconstructing A History Of Environmental Protection, Jonathan H. Adler

Faculty Publications

On June 22, 1969, just before noon, an oil slick and assorted debris under a railroad trestle on the Cuyahoga River caught fire. The fire attracted national media attention, and helped prompt the passage of federal environmental laws. A river on fire was a symbol of earth in need of repair, and federal regulation was the reparative tool of choice. Much of the Cuyahoga story is mythology, however, a fable with powerful symbolic force. The river did burn in 1969 - as it and other rivers had burned many times before - and today the Cuyahoga and many U.S. rivers …

What Every Student Affairs Professional Should Know: Student Study Activities And Beliefs Associated, Amy Strage

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Constitutional Implications Of A Cloning Society, Elizabeth Price Foley

Faculty Publications

This paper examines the social and legal implications of human cloning.

Human Cloning & The Right To Reproduce, Elizabeth Price Foley

Faculty Publications

Explores the contours of the right to reproduce, recognized as a substantive liberty under the Due Process Clauses. Specifically, is the right a positive as well as negative right? Does the right encompass the right to use artificial reproductive technologies (ARTs) such as in vitro fertilization, artificial insemination, or reproductive cloning?

Engineered Wood Products And Their Potential Impacts On Forest Landowners In The South, Steven H. Bullard

Faculty Publications

Change is inevitable, except from a vending machine. This "bumper sticker" saying relates well to recent developments in forest products and their potential impact on forest landowners in the South. Change is inevitable - and very important changes are occurring today in how the trees we grow are processed and used in the U.S. and around the world. These changes have the potential for very dramatic changes in timber markets in the U.S. South, where there are millions of acres of commercial forestland. Changes in timber markets, of course, affect landowners' profits from timber growing, and they may therefore impact …