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A Probabilistic View Of Protein Stability, Conformational Specificity, And Design, Jacob A. Stern, Tyler J. Free, Kimberlee L. Stern, Spencer Gardiner, Nicholas A. Dalley, Bradley Charles Bundy, Joshua L. Price, David Wingate, Dnnis Della Corte Sep 2023

A Probabilistic View Of Protein Stability, Conformational Specificity, And Design, Jacob A. Stern, Tyler J. Free, Kimberlee L. Stern, Spencer Gardiner, Nicholas A. Dalley, Bradley Charles Bundy, Joshua L. Price, David Wingate, Dnnis Della Corte

Faculty Publications

Various approaches have used neural networks as probabilistic models for the design of protein sequences. These "inverse folding" models employ different objective functions, which come with trade-offs that have not been assessed in detail before. This study introduces probabilistic definitions of protein stability and conformational specificity and demonstrates the relationship between these chemical properties and the p(stucture|seq) Boltzmann probability objective. This links the Boltzmann probability objective function to experimentally verifiable outcomes. We propose a novel sequence decoding algorithm, referred to as “BayesDesign”, that leverages Bayes’ Rule to maximize the p(stucture|seq) objective instead of the p(seq|structure) objective common in inverse folding …

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Recent Breakthroughs In Using Quantum Dots For Cancer Imaging And Drug Delivery Purposes, Aisha Hamidu, William G. Pitt, Ghaleb A. Husseini Sep 2023

Recent Breakthroughs In Using Quantum Dots For Cancer Imaging And Drug Delivery Purposes, Aisha Hamidu, William G. Pitt, Ghaleb A. Husseini

Faculty Publications

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Because each person’s cancer may be unique, diagnosing and treating cancer is challenging. Advances in nanomedicine have made it possible to detect tumors and quickly investigate tumor cells at a cellular level in contrast to prior diagnostic techniques. Quantum dots (QDs) are functional nanoparticles reported to be useful for diagnosis. QDs are semiconducting tiny nanocrystals, 2–10 nm in diameter, with exceptional and useful optoelectronic properties that can be tailored to sensitively report on their environment. This review highlights these exceptional semiconducting QDs and their properties and synthesis methods when used …

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Cationic Cobalt(Ii) Bisphosphine Hydroformylation Catalysis: In Situ Spectroscopic And Reaction Studies, Drew M. Hood, Ryan A. Johnson, David J. Vinyard, Frank R. Fronczek, George G. Stanley Sep 2023

Cationic Cobalt(Ii) Bisphosphine Hydroformylation Catalysis: In Situ Spectroscopic And Reaction Studies, Drew M. Hood, Ryan A. Johnson, David J. Vinyard, Frank R. Fronczek, George G. Stanley

Faculty Publications

[HCo(CO)x(bisphosphine)](BF4), x = 1-3, is a highly active hydroformylation catalyst system, especially for internal branched alkenes. In situ infrared spectroscopy (IR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and nuclear magnetic resonance studies support the proposed catalyst formulation. IR studies reveal the formation of a dicationic Co(I) paramagnetic CO-bridged dimer, [Co2(μ-CO)2(CO)(bisphosphine)2]2+, at lower temperatures formed from the reaction of two catalyst complexes via the elimination of H2. DFT studies indicate a dimer structure with square-pyramidal and tetrahedral cobalt centers. This monomer-dimer equilibrium is analogous to that seen for HCo(CO)4, reacting to eliminate H2 and form Co2(CO)8. EPR studies on the catalyst …

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Highly Flexible, Self-Bonding, Self-Healing, And Conductive Soft Pressure Sensors Based On Dicarboxylic Cellulose Nanofiber Hydrogels, Ragab Abouzeid, Mohammad Shayan, Tongyao Wu, Jaegyoung Gwon, Timo A. Kärki, Qinglin Wu Sep 2023

Highly Flexible, Self-Bonding, Self-Healing, And Conductive Soft Pressure Sensors Based On Dicarboxylic Cellulose Nanofiber Hydrogels, Ragab Abouzeid, Mohammad Shayan, Tongyao Wu, Jaegyoung Gwon, Timo A. Kärki, Qinglin Wu

Faculty Publications

Conductive hydrogels have gained a great deal of interest in the flexible electronics industry because of their remarkable inherent properties. However, a significant challenge remains for balancing hydrogel’s conductivity, self-healing, and strength properties. Herein, double network ionic hydrogels were fabricated by concurrently introducing borax into dicarboxylic cellulose nanofiber (DCNFs) and polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels. The incorporation of borax provided a superabsorbent feature to the PAM/DCNF hydrogels (without borax) with the equilibrium water absorption rate increased from 552 to 1800% after 42 h. The compressive strength of the prepared hydrogel was 935 kPa compared to 132 kPa for the PAM hydrogel, with …

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Chitosan-Coated Lignin Nanoparticles Enhance Adsorption And Proliferation Of Alcanivorax Borkumensis At The Hexadecane-Water Interface, Amber J. Pete, Jin Gyun Lee, Michael G. Benton, Bhuvnesh Bharti Sep 2023

Chitosan-Coated Lignin Nanoparticles Enhance Adsorption And Proliferation Of Alcanivorax Borkumensis At The Hexadecane-Water Interface, Amber J. Pete, Jin Gyun Lee, Michael G. Benton, Bhuvnesh Bharti

Faculty Publications

Bioremediation of oil spills occurs when indigenous microbes metabolize petroleum hydrocarbons. Rapid proliferation of hydrocarbon-consuming bacteria near the oil-water interface is vital to optimizing the oil biodegradation rate. Adding nanoparticles (NPs) to microbial systems can enhance the bacterial growth rate. However, the role of NP source material and surface charge on their ability to impact bacterial growth and oil-water interface characteristics is poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role of NP composition and surface chemistry on the growth rate of hydrocarbon-consuming bacteria and its attachment to the oil-water interface. We use Alcanivorax borkumensis as a model organism because of its …

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Appendage Abnormalities In Spiders Induced By An Alternating Temperature Protocol In The Context Of Recent Advances In Molecular Spider Embryology, Teresa Napiorkowska, Julita Templin, Pawel Napiorkowski, Mark A. Townley Sep 2023

Appendage Abnormalities In Spiders Induced By An Alternating Temperature Protocol In The Context Of Recent Advances In Molecular Spider Embryology, Teresa Napiorkowska, Julita Templin, Pawel Napiorkowski, Mark A. Townley

Faculty Publications

In the literature there are numerous reports of developmental deformities in arthropods collected in their natural habitat. Since such teratogenically affected individuals are found purely by chance, the causes of their defects are unknown. Numerous potential physical, mechanical, chemical, and biological teratogens have been considered and tested in the laboratory. Thermal shocks, frequently used in teratological research on the spider Eratigena atrica, have led to deformities on both the prosoma and the opisthosoma. In the 2020/2021 breeding season, by applying alternating temperatures (14 °C and 32 °C, changed every 12 h) for the first 10 days of embryonic development, …

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The World's 100 Worst Invasive Alien Insect Species Differ In Their Characteristics From Related Non-Invasive Species, Zihua Zhao, Cang Hui, Shuo Peng, Shanqing Yi, Zhihong Li, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Mark Van Kleunen Sep 2023

The World's 100 Worst Invasive Alien Insect Species Differ In Their Characteristics From Related Non-Invasive Species, Zihua Zhao, Cang Hui, Shuo Peng, Shanqing Yi, Zhihong Li, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Mark Van Kleunen

Faculty Publications

While there has been great interest in species characteristics that promote invasiveness, still little is known about the characteristics that distinguish invasive from non-invasive insects. Using a database on the naturalised distributions of alien insects and expert opinions about their impacts, we identified the world's 100 worst invasive insect species. By comparing species characteristics reported in the literature using a meta-analysis, between the 100 worst invasive species and related non-invasive species, we found that invasive insects overall have more pathways of introduction, occur in more habitats, have higher fecundities, higher voltinism, more genes, shorted lifespans and faster development from egg …

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Upper Ocean Biogeochemistry Of The Oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre: From Nutrient Sources To Carbon Export, Minhan Dai, Ya Wei Luo, Eric P. Achterberg, Thomas J. Browning, Yihua Cai, Zhimian Cao, Fei Chai, Bingzhang Chen, Matthew J. Church, Dongjian Ci, Chuanjun Du, Kunshan Gao, Xianghui Guo, Zhendong Hu, Shuh Ji Kao, Edward A. Laws, Zhongping Lee, Hongyang Lin, Qian Liu, Xin Liu, Weicheng Luo, Feifei Meng, Shaoling Shang, Dalin Shi, Hiroaki Saito, Luping Song, Xianhui Sean Wan, Yuntao Wang, Wei Lei Wang, Zuozhu Wen, Peng Xiu, Jing Zhang, Ruifeng Zhang Sep 2023

Upper Ocean Biogeochemistry Of The Oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre: From Nutrient Sources To Carbon Export, Minhan Dai, Ya Wei Luo, Eric P. Achterberg, Thomas J. Browning, Yihua Cai, Zhimian Cao, Fei Chai, Bingzhang Chen, Matthew J. Church, Dongjian Ci, Chuanjun Du, Kunshan Gao, Xianghui Guo, Zhendong Hu, Shuh Ji Kao, Edward A. Laws, Zhongping Lee, Hongyang Lin, Qian Liu, Xin Liu, Weicheng Luo, Feifei Meng, Shaoling Shang, Dalin Shi, Hiroaki Saito, Luping Song, Xianhui Sean Wan, Yuntao Wang, Wei Lei Wang, Zuozhu Wen, Peng Xiu, Jing Zhang, Ruifeng Zhang

Faculty Publications

Subtropical gyres cover 26%–29% of the world's surface ocean and are conventionally regarded as ocean deserts due to their permanent stratification, depleted surface nutrients, and low biological productivity. Despite tremendous advances over the past three decades, particularly through the Hawaii Ocean Time-series and the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study, which have revolutionized our understanding of the biogeochemistry in oligotrophic marine ecosystems, the gyres remain understudied. We review current understanding of upper ocean biogeochemistry in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, considering other subtropical gyres for comparison. We focus our synthesis on spatial variability, which shows larger than expected dynamic ranges of properties …

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Leveraging Cultural Wealth, Identities And Motivation: How Diverse Intersectional Groups Of Low-Income Undergraduate Stem Students Persist In Collegiate Stem Environments, Raeshan D. Davis, Zakiya Wilson-Kennedy Sep 2023

Leveraging Cultural Wealth, Identities And Motivation: How Diverse Intersectional Groups Of Low-Income Undergraduate Stem Students Persist In Collegiate Stem Environments, Raeshan D. Davis, Zakiya Wilson-Kennedy

Faculty Publications

Grounded in a conceptual framework incorporating intersectionality, motivation, self-determination, and self-efficacy, this empirical study investigated how individuals’ identities, mindsets, and resources in educational environments intentionally cultivated to support their decision-making, development, and connections in the science community, can significantly increase the recruitment, persistence, and success of low-income, academically talented science students from diverse backgrounds. Several factors—academic performance in coursework, self-image, self-agency, financial support, and social integration in the science culture—continue to significantly impact student retention and persistence in STEM disciplines. Many of these factors are negatively affected based on a students’ intersecting identities, which can be detrimental to their academic …

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Probiotic Characteristics Of Streptococcus Thermophilus And Lactobacillus Bulgaricus As Influenced By New Food Sources, Ashly Castro, Ricardo S. Aleman, Miguel Tabora, Shirin Kazemzadeh, Leyla K. Pournaki, Roberto Cedillos, Jhunior Marcia, Kayanush Aryana Sep 2023

Probiotic Characteristics Of Streptococcus Thermophilus And Lactobacillus Bulgaricus As Influenced By New Food Sources, Ashly Castro, Ricardo S. Aleman, Miguel Tabora, Shirin Kazemzadeh, Leyla K. Pournaki, Roberto Cedillos, Jhunior Marcia, Kayanush Aryana

Faculty Publications

The current research aimed to evaluate the potential effects of Solanum mammosum, Dioon mejiae, and Amanita caesarea on Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus survival and performance after exposure to different harsh conditions such as bile, acid, gastric juice, and lysozyme to mimic the digestive system from mouth to the intestine. Probiotic protease activity was observed to evaluate the proteolytic system. Probiotics were cultured in a broth mixed with plant material, and after incubation, the results were compared to the control sample. Therefore, plant material’s total phenolic compound, total carotenoid compound, antioxidant activity, sugar profile, and acid profile were …

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Effects Of Weevil (Rhynchophorus Palmarum), Teosinte (Dioon Mejiae) And Caesar’S Mushroom (Amanita Caesarea) On The Properties Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus La-K, Ricardo S. Aleman, Dany Avila, Allan Avila, Jhunior Marcia, David Picha, Kayanush Aryana, Ismael Montero-Fernández Sep 2023

Effects Of Weevil (Rhynchophorus Palmarum), Teosinte (Dioon Mejiae) And Caesar’S Mushroom (Amanita Caesarea) On The Properties Of Lactobacillus Acidophilus La-K, Ricardo S. Aleman, Dany Avila, Allan Avila, Jhunior Marcia, David Picha, Kayanush Aryana, Ismael Montero-Fernández

Faculty Publications

Weevil (Rhynchophorus palmarum) powder, teosinte (Dioon mejiae) and Caesar’s mushroom (Amanita caesarea) flour have bioactive compounds with significant nutritional applications. This paper aimed to examine the influence of weevil, teosinte, and mushroom powders on the protease activity, acid tolerance, bile tolerance, lysozyme tolerance, and gastric juice resistance ability of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-K. Acid tolerance was determined by adjusting the pH of MRS broth to 2.0 for L. acidophilus incubated under aerobic conditions at 37 °C. Bile tolerance was determined by incorporating 0.3% of oxgall. Protease activity was determined spectrophotometrically at 340 nm. Resistance to 100 mg/L of lysozyme in an …

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Benzylfentanyl As A Surrogate Template For Fentanyl-Selective Imprinted Polymers, Md Ragib Hasan, David A. Spivak Sep 2023

Benzylfentanyl As A Surrogate Template For Fentanyl-Selective Imprinted Polymers, Md Ragib Hasan, David A. Spivak

Faculty Publications

The illicit use of fentanyl has led to hundreds of thousands of opioid-related deaths worldwide. Therefore, the detection of fentanyl by law enforcement and recreational users is of utmost importance. However, current detection methods are expensive, time-consuming, require special storage conditions, and necessitate complex instrumentation that is generally unportable and requires skilled personnel to operate. An alternative approach would be using molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as the recognition component of a handheld sensor, testing strip, or color-based assay. In this work, a molecularly imprinted polymer was constructed using the functional monomer methacrylic acid (MAA) and the cross-linking monomer ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate …

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Esprit De Corps And Thinking On (And With) Your Feet: Standard, Enactive, And Poststructuralist Aspects Of Relational Autonomy And Collective Intentionality In Team Sports, John Protevi Sep 2023

Esprit De Corps And Thinking On (And With) Your Feet: Standard, Enactive, And Poststructuralist Aspects Of Relational Autonomy And Collective Intentionality In Team Sports, John Protevi

Faculty Publications

To concretize my discussion of relational autonomy and collective intentionality, I present a case study in which we can see several themes in that scholarly literature exemplified in a real-life event. The event in question is the Megan Rapinoe-Abby Wambach goal in the quarterfinals of the Women's World Cup of 2011, one of the greatest in all World Cup history (A video clip of the goal can be found at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0B4q6di-3fg.). In the case study, I concentrate on the ontological status of two key aspects of soccer, the linking of teammates by a pass, and the emergence of the team …

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A Sensitive Strain Sensor Based On Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Polyaniline/Silicone Rubber Nanocomposite For Human Motion Detection, Seyedmajid Hosseini, Mohsen Norouzi, Jian Xu Sep 2023

A Sensitive Strain Sensor Based On Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Polyaniline/Silicone Rubber Nanocomposite For Human Motion Detection, Seyedmajid Hosseini, Mohsen Norouzi, Jian Xu

Faculty Publications

Strain sensors play a pivotal role in quantifying stress and strain across diverse domains, encompassing engineering, industry, and medicine. Their applicability has recently extended into the realm of wearable electronics, enabling real-time monitoring of body movements. However, conventional strain sensors, while extensively employed, grapple with limitations such as diminished sensitivity, suboptimal tensile strength, and susceptibility to environmental factors. In contrast, polymer-based composite strain sensors have gained prominence for their capability to surmount these challenges. The integration of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as reinforcing agents within the polymer matrix ushers in a transformative era, bolstering mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal stability. …

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Meta Echo: Using All-Payers Claims Data Analysis As Part Of A Multi-Layered Approach To Plan An Evaluate Echo Programs, Marcy Doyle, Erica Plante Sep 2023

Meta Echo: Using All-Payers Claims Data Analysis As Part Of A Multi-Layered Approach To Plan An Evaluate Echo Programs, Marcy Doyle, Erica Plante

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Utilizing Low-Cost Sensors To Monitor Indoor Air Quality In Mongolian Gers, Callum Flowerday, Jaron C. Hansen, Phil Lundrigan, Christopher Kitras Aug 2023

Utilizing Low-Cost Sensors To Monitor Indoor Air Quality In Mongolian Gers, Callum Flowerday, Jaron C. Hansen, Phil Lundrigan, Christopher Kitras

Faculty Publications

Air quality has important climate and health effects. There is a need, therefore, to monitor air quality both indoors and outdoors. Methods of measuring air quality should be cost-effective if they are to be used widely, and one such method is low-cost sensors (LCS). This study reports on the use of LCSs in Ulaanbataar, Mongolia to measure PM2.5 concentrations inside yurts or “gers”. Some of these gers were part of a non-government agency (NGO) initiative to improve insulating properties of these housing structures. The goal of the NGO was to decrease particulate emissions inside the gers; a secondary result …

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Analog Analogies: Intel V. Hamidi And The Future Of Trespass To Chattels, Maureen E. Brady, James Y. Stern Aug 2023

Analog Analogies: Intel V. Hamidi And The Future Of Trespass To Chattels, Maureen E. Brady, James Y. Stern

Faculty Publications

A symposium on great torts cases of the twenty-first century must include Intel Corp. v. Hamidi, the canonical case about whether unwanted e-mail spam sent to a company’s server could give rise to a trespass to chattels claim. While much has been written about Intel, in this Essay, we argue that Intel is as much of a classic for what it reveals about the old-fashioned tort as it is for its more closely examined ruling on “cybertrespass.” The dueling personal property analogies chosen by the majority and dissenting opinions in Intel reveal basic and fundamental disagreements about what …

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Reply To: Contribution Of Carbon Inputs To Soil Carbon Accumulation Cannot Be Neglected, Feng Tao, Benjamin Z. Houlton, Serita D. Frey, Johannes Lehmann, Stefano Manzoni, Yuanyuan Huang, Lifen Jiang, Umakant Mishra, Bruce A. Hungate, Michael W. I. Schmidt, Markus Reichstein, Nuno Carvalhais, Philippe Ciais, Ying-Ping Wang, Bernhard Ahrens, Gustaf Hugelius, Toby D. Hocking, Xingjie Lu, Zheng Shi, Kostiantyn Viatkin, Ronald Vargas, Yusuf Yigini, Christian Omuto, Ashish A. Malik, Guillermo Peralta, Rosa Cuevas-Corona, Luciano E. Di Paolo, Isabel Luotto, Cuijuan Liao, Yi-Shuang Liang, Vinisa S. Saynes, Xiaomeng Huang, Yiqi Luo Aug 2023

Reply To: Contribution Of Carbon Inputs To Soil Carbon Accumulation Cannot Be Neglected, Feng Tao, Benjamin Z. Houlton, Serita D. Frey, Johannes Lehmann, Stefano Manzoni, Yuanyuan Huang, Lifen Jiang, Umakant Mishra, Bruce A. Hungate, Michael W. I. Schmidt, Markus Reichstein, Nuno Carvalhais, Philippe Ciais, Ying-Ping Wang, Bernhard Ahrens, Gustaf Hugelius, Toby D. Hocking, Xingjie Lu, Zheng Shi, Kostiantyn Viatkin, Ronald Vargas, Yusuf Yigini, Christian Omuto, Ashish A. Malik, Guillermo Peralta, Rosa Cuevas-Corona, Luciano E. Di Paolo, Isabel Luotto, Cuijuan Liao, Yi-Shuang Liang, Vinisa S. Saynes, Xiaomeng Huang, Yiqi Luo

Faculty Publications

In the accompanying Comment1, He et al. argue that the determinant role of microbial carbon use efficiency in global soil organic carbon (SOC) storage shown in Tao et al. (2023)2 was overestimated because carbon inputs were neglected in our data analysis while they suggest that our model-based analysis could be biased and model-dependent. Their argument is based on a different choice of independent variables in the data analysis and a sensitivity analysis of two process-based models other than that used in our study. We agree that both carbon inputs and outputs (as mediated by microbial processes) matter when predicting SOC …

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Bacterial Extraction And Concentration From Blood Through Filtration Processes, Ryan L. Wood, Rebecca Prymak, Evelyn Welling, Alayna Bedwell, Jordan T. Wood, Damian E. Teasley, Magdalena Crofts, Hope Callister Anderson, Clifton M. Anderson, W Cameron Beard, Jacob Stepan, Alexandra Carter, William G. Pitt Aug 2023

Bacterial Extraction And Concentration From Blood Through Filtration Processes, Ryan L. Wood, Rebecca Prymak, Evelyn Welling, Alayna Bedwell, Jordan T. Wood, Damian E. Teasley, Magdalena Crofts, Hope Callister Anderson, Clifton M. Anderson, W Cameron Beard, Jacob Stepan, Alexandra Carter, William G. Pitt

Faculty Publications

Blood stream infections (BSIs) are challenging to rapidly and precisely diagnose. Current clinical diagnostic methods for BSI identification require culturing the blood sample for many hours prior to identifying the bacteria and possible antibiotic resistance. Removing the culturing step from the bacterial identification process of a BSI provides a significant reduction in the processing time, but shifts the rate-limiting step from the growth time to the concentration procedure, since CFU levels in clinical blood samples can be as low as 10 CFU/mL in blood. This study developed a novel whole blood filtration method to concentrate bacteria from a BSI without …

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Transferrin-Targeted Liposomes In Glioblastoma Therapy: A Review, Paul Kawak, Nour M Al Sawaftah, William G. Pitt, Ghaleb A. Husseini Aug 2023

Transferrin-Targeted Liposomes In Glioblastoma Therapy: A Review, Paul Kawak, Nour M Al Sawaftah, William G. Pitt, Ghaleb A. Husseini

Faculty Publications

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor, and its treatment is further complicated by the high selectivity of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The scientific community is urgently seeking innovative and effective therapeutic solutions. Liposomes are a promising new tool that has shown potential in addressing the limitations of chemotherapy, such as poor bioavailability and toxicity to healthy cells. However, passive targeting strategies based solely on the physicochemical properties of liposomes have proven ineffective due to a lack of tissue specificity. Accordingly, the upregulation of transferrin receptors (TfRs) in brain tissue has led to the development of TfR-targeted anticancer therapeutics. …

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Machine Learning For Low Signal-To-Noise Ratio Detection, Fred Lacy, Angel Ruiz-Reyes, Anthony Brescia Aug 2023

Machine Learning For Low Signal-To-Noise Ratio Detection, Fred Lacy, Angel Ruiz-Reyes, Anthony Brescia

Faculty Publications

Sensor networks collect data that is often contaminated by noise. Therefore, it is often necessary to analyze sensor data to determine if a signal is present. This research project utilizes a machine learning algorithm that is able to detect a signal in the presence of noise. The algorithm incorporates the long short-term memory (LSTM) method to determine the presence or absence of a signal in the midst of white Gaussian noise. This machine learning approach was tested with computer generated data and has an accuracy of at least 98% for signal-to-noise levels greater than -12 dB. Furthermore, this algorithm can …

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The Impact Of Physical Exercise On Health-Related Quality Of Life In Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Ayokunle T. Abegunde, Daniela Goyes, Umer Farooq, Amy H. Luke, Elizabeth Huggins, Richard S. Cooper, Lara R. Dugas Aug 2023

The Impact Of Physical Exercise On Health-Related Quality Of Life In Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Ayokunle T. Abegunde, Daniela Goyes, Umer Farooq, Amy H. Luke, Elizabeth Huggins, Richard S. Cooper, Lara R. Dugas

Faculty Publications

Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows:. Primary objective: to determine the effect of structured physical activity and exercise therapy compared to placebo or normal physical activity on HRQOL of people with IBD (UC, CD, IBDU). Secondary objective: to evaluate the impact of these physical activity interventions on maintenance of remission and fatigue.

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Monodisperse Sub-100 Nm Au Nanoshells For Low-Fluence Deep-Tissue Photoacoustic Imaging, Luis D.B. Manuel, Vinoin Devpaul Vincely, Carolyn L. Bayer, Kevin M. Mcpeak Aug 2023

Monodisperse Sub-100 Nm Au Nanoshells For Low-Fluence Deep-Tissue Photoacoustic Imaging, Luis D.B. Manuel, Vinoin Devpaul Vincely, Carolyn L. Bayer, Kevin M. Mcpeak

Faculty Publications

Nanoparticles with high absorption cross sections will advance therapeutic and bioimaging nanomedicine technologies. While Au nanoshells have shown great promise in nanomedicine, state-of-the-art synthesis methods result in scattering-dominant particles, mitigating their efficacy in absorption-based techniques that leverage the photothermal effect, such as photoacoustic (PA) imaging. We introduce a highly reproducible synthesis route to monodisperse sub-100 nm Au nanoshells with an absorption-dominant optical response. Au nanoshells with 48 nm SiO2 cores and 7 nm Au shells show a 14-fold increase in their volumetric absorption coefficient compared to commercial Au nanoshells with dimensions commonly used in nanomedicine. PA imaging with Au nanoshell …

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Direct Evidence On The Crossover From Bcc To Fcc Stability: A Lattice-Based Aggregation-Volume-Bias Monte Carlo Approach To Polymorphism, Bin Chen Aug 2023

Direct Evidence On The Crossover From Bcc To Fcc Stability: A Lattice-Based Aggregation-Volume-Bias Monte Carlo Approach To Polymorphism, Bin Chen

Faculty Publications

A lattice-based version of the aggregation-volume-bias Monte Carlo method that was introduced recently has allowed for the extension of the calculation of the nucleation free energies from liquid clusters to solid clusters. Here, it was used to calculate the nucleation free energies of both bcc and fcc clusters formed by Lennard-Jones particles. Under the simulation conditions considered in this study, a cross-over of the thermodynamic stability from the bcc to the fcc structure was observed directly from the free energy results. In addition, the free energies obtained for both types of clusters were used to extrapolate bulk phase information, including …

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Season, Not Long-Term Warming, Affects The Relationship Between Ecosystem Function And Microbial Diversity, Melissa S. Shinfuku, Luiz A. Domeignoz-Horta, Mallory J. Choudoir, Serita D. Frey, Kristen M. Deangelis Aug 2023

Season, Not Long-Term Warming, Affects The Relationship Between Ecosystem Function And Microbial Diversity, Melissa S. Shinfuku, Luiz A. Domeignoz-Horta, Mallory J. Choudoir, Serita D. Frey, Kristen M. Deangelis

Faculty Publications

Across biomes, soil biodiversity promotes ecosystem functions. However, whether this relationship will be maintained under climate change is uncertain. Here, using two long-term warming experiments, we investigated how warming affects the relationship between ecosystem functions and microbial diversity across seasons, soil horizons, and warming duration. The soils in these warming experiments were heated +5 °C above ambient for 13 or 28 years. We measured seven different ecosystem functions representative of soil carbon cycling, soil nitrogen cycling, or nutrient pools. We also surveyed bacterial and fungal community diversity. We found that the relationship between ecosystem function and bacterial diversity and the …

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Cdk8 And Cdk19: Positive Regulators Of Signal-Induced Transcription And Negative Regulators Of Mediator Complex Proteins, Mengqian Chen, Jing Li, Li Zhang, Lili Wang, Chen Cheng, Hao Ji, Serena Altilia, Xiaokai Ding, Guoshuai Cai, Diego Altomare, Michael Shtutman, Stephanie D. Byrum, Samuel G. Mackintosh, Alexey Feoktistov, Nataliya Soshnikova, Vladislav A. Mogila, Victor Tatarskiy, Maksim Erokhin, Darya Chetverina, Angga Prawira, Yi Ni, Stephan Urban, Campbell Mcinnes, Eugenia Broude, Igor Roninson Aug 2023

Cdk8 And Cdk19: Positive Regulators Of Signal-Induced Transcription And Negative Regulators Of Mediator Complex Proteins, Mengqian Chen, Jing Li, Li Zhang, Lili Wang, Chen Cheng, Hao Ji, Serena Altilia, Xiaokai Ding, Guoshuai Cai, Diego Altomare, Michael Shtutman, Stephanie D. Byrum, Samuel G. Mackintosh, Alexey Feoktistov, Nataliya Soshnikova, Vladislav A. Mogila, Victor Tatarskiy, Maksim Erokhin, Darya Chetverina, Angga Prawira, Yi Ni, Stephan Urban, Campbell Mcinnes, Eugenia Broude, Igor Roninson

Faculty Publications

We have conducted a detailed transcriptomic, proteomic and phosphoproteomic analysis of CDK8 and its paralog CDK19, alternative enzymatic components of the kinase module associated with transcriptional Mediator complex and implicated in development and diseases. This analysis was performed using genetic modifications of CDK8 and CDK19, selective CDK8/19 small molecule kinase inhibitors and a potent CDK8/19 PROTAC degrader. CDK8/19 inhibition in cells exposed to serum or to agonists of NFκB or protein kinase C (PKC) reduced the induction of signal-responsive genes, indicating a pleiotropic role of Mediator kinases in signal-induced transcriptional reprogramming. CDK8/19 inhibition under basal conditions initially downregulated a small …

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Using T He Carbon Atom Method T O Determine Mean Oxidation Number O F Organic Carbons, Pong Kau Yuen, Cheng Man Diana Lau Aug 2023

Using T He Carbon Atom Method T O Determine Mean Oxidation Number O F Organic Carbons, Pong Kau Yuen, Cheng Man Diana Lau

Faculty Publications

The notion of oxidation number acting as an electron-counting concept is crucial for balancing redox reactions, and for understanding organic and biological redox conversions. Chemical formula methods are widely used for counting oxidation numbers. There are three types of chemical formula methods. They are molecular formula method, structural formula method, and Lewis formula method. Each type has its own rules and procedures, and they are difficult for students to fully understand and remember. In addition, the capability of the molecular formula method to assign mean oxidation number of organic carbons for organic molecules or molecular ions is limited. To overcome …

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Trophic Amplification: A Model Intercomparison Of Climate Driven Changes In Marine Food Webs, Vianney Guibourd De Luzinais, Hubert Du Pontavice, Gabriel Reygondeau, Nicolas Barrier, Julia L. Blanchard, Virginie Bornarel, Matthias Büchner, William W.L. Cheung, Tyler D. Eddy, Jason D. Everett, Jerome Guiet, Cheryl S. Harrison, Olivier Maury, Camilla Novaglio, Colleen M. Petrik, Jeroen Steenbeek, Derek P. Tittensor, Didier Gascuel Aug 2023

Trophic Amplification: A Model Intercomparison Of Climate Driven Changes In Marine Food Webs, Vianney Guibourd De Luzinais, Hubert Du Pontavice, Gabriel Reygondeau, Nicolas Barrier, Julia L. Blanchard, Virginie Bornarel, Matthias Büchner, William W.L. Cheung, Tyler D. Eddy, Jason D. Everett, Jerome Guiet, Cheryl S. Harrison, Olivier Maury, Camilla Novaglio, Colleen M. Petrik, Jeroen Steenbeek, Derek P. Tittensor, Didier Gascuel

Faculty Publications

Marine animal biomass is expected to decrease in the 21st century due to climate driven changes in ocean environmental conditions. Previous studies suggest that the magnitude of the decline in primary production on apex predators could be amplified through the trophodynamics of marine food webs, leading to larger decreases in the biomass of predators relative to the decrease in primary production, a mechanism called trophic amplification. We compared relative changes in producer and consumer biomass or production in the global ocean to assess the extent of trophic amplification. We used simulations from nine marine ecosystem models (MEMs) from the Fisheries …

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Non-Target Potential Of Neonicotinoid And Fungicide Seed Cane Treatments On Solenopsis Invicta, Hannah J. Penn, Paul M. White, Blake E. Wilson, Randy T. Richard Aug 2023

Non-Target Potential Of Neonicotinoid And Fungicide Seed Cane Treatments On Solenopsis Invicta, Hannah J. Penn, Paul M. White, Blake E. Wilson, Randy T. Richard

Faculty Publications

Traditionally, Louisiana sugarcane has been grown vegetatively from whole stalks, but innovations in machinery and rising labor costs have increased interest in billet planting. Billets, short stalk pieces containing several viable eyes, are more susceptible to pathogen exposure and may require fungicide and/or insecticide applications at planting to increase stand potential. Work in other crops indicates such treatments may alter arthropod predator abundance, so the goal of this study was to evaluate the potential non-target effects of select treatments at planting on the red important fire ant (RIFA), Solenopsis invicta, and other arthropod predators of the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis, …

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Longitudinal Assessment Of Cognitive Function In The Appswe/Ps1de9 Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's-Related Beta-Amyloidosis, Paul L. Soto, Michael E. Young, Giuliana M. Dimarco, Brianna George, Tatiana Melnikova, Alena V. Savonenko, Breanna N. Harris Aug 2023

Longitudinal Assessment Of Cognitive Function In The Appswe/Ps1de9 Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's-Related Beta-Amyloidosis, Paul L. Soto, Michael E. Young, Giuliana M. Dimarco, Brianna George, Tatiana Melnikova, Alena V. Savonenko, Breanna N. Harris

Faculty Publications

Preclinical models of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related cognitive decline can be useful for developing therapeutics. The current study longitudinally assessed short-term memory, using a delayed matching-to-position (DMTP) task, and attention, using a 3-choice serial reaction time (3CSRT) task, from approximately 18 weeks of age through death or 72 weeks of age in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice, a widely used mouse model of AD-related amyloidosis. Both transgenic (Tg) and non-Tg mice exhibited improvements in DMTP accuracy over time. Breaks in testing reduced DMTP accuracy but accuracy values quickly recovered in both Tg and non-Tg mice. Both Tg and non-Tg mice exhibited high accuracy in …

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