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Modeling The Population Effects Of Hypoxia On Atlantic Croaker (Micropogonias Undulatus) In The Northwestern Gulf Of Mexico: Part 2—Realistic Hypoxia And Eutrophication, Kenneth A. Rose, Sean Creekmore, Dubravko Justić, Peter Thomas, J. Kevin Craig, Rachael Miller Neilan, Lixia Wang, Md Saydur Rahman, David Kidwell Jan 2018

Modeling The Population Effects Of Hypoxia On Atlantic Croaker (Micropogonias Undulatus) In The Northwestern Gulf Of Mexico: Part 2—Realistic Hypoxia And Eutrophication, Kenneth A. Rose, Sean Creekmore, Dubravko Justić, Peter Thomas, J. Kevin Craig, Rachael Miller Neilan, Lixia Wang, Md Saydur Rahman, David Kidwell

Faculty Publications

Quantifying the population-level effects of hypoxia on coastal fish species has been challenging. In the companion paper (part 1), we described an individual-based population model (IBM) for Atlantic croaker in the northwestern Gulf of Mexico (NWGOM) designed to quantify the long-term population responses to low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations during the summer. Here in part 2, we replace the idealized hypoxia conditions with realistic DO concentrations generated from a 3-dimensional water quality model. Three years were used and randomly arranged into a time series based on the historical occurrence of mild, intermediate, and severe hypoxia year types. We also used …

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Pkc-Dependent Phosphorylation Of Munc18a At Ser313 In Activated Rbl-2h3 Cells, Pratikshya Adhikari, Hao Xu Jan 2018

Pkc-Dependent Phosphorylation Of Munc18a At Ser313 In Activated Rbl-2h3 Cells, Pratikshya Adhikari, Hao Xu

Faculty Publications

Protein Kinase C (PKC) regulates the release of pro-inflammatory compounds from IgE/antigen-activated mast cells by unknown mechanisms. In this study, we show for the first time that PKC inhibitor Ro-03-0432, which inhibits RBL-2H3 exocytosis/degranulation in a concentration-dependent fashion, prevents the phosphorylation of membrane fusion factor Munc18a at Ser 313. Our study provides fresh evidence that PKC-dependent protein phosphorylation may contribute to the intricate regulation of mast cell degranulation by directly targeting the fusion factors.

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Traumatic Brain Injury And A Divergence Between Moral And Criminal Responsibility, Paul J. Litton Jan 2018

Traumatic Brain Injury And A Divergence Between Moral And Criminal Responsibility, Paul J. Litton

Faculty Publications

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly in severe cases, can have such extraordinary effects on one's psychological capacities that it may be relevant to many kinds of legal claims in criminal proceedings. The focus of this essay is on claims related to an agent's status as a responsible agent. In other words, this essay will discuss the relationship between traumatic brain injury and claims that an individual does not have the capacities required to be fairly held accountable for wrongful actions. The law may hold most adults fully responsible for their crimes, but it may not hold responsible young children and …

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A Solution In Search Of A Problem At The Biologics Frontier, Erika Lietzan Jan 2018

A Solution In Search Of A Problem At The Biologics Frontier, Erika Lietzan

Faculty Publications

This short paper comments on Professor Carrier's new article, Biologics: The New Antitrust Frontier. His article makes a profound initial contribution to a new area of scholarship, based on a large body of prior work considering antitrust issues relating to small molecule drugs. But Professor Carrier’s article, like my own forthcoming piece on innovation and competition in the biologics marketplace, is inherently speculative. We are making our best judgments about the nature of a still emerging marketplace and likely conduct in that marketplace, based on our understandings of a new regulatory framework that is itself still emerging, the broader legal …

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Contrasting Impacts Of Competition On Ecological And Social Trait Evolution In Songbirds, Jonathan P. Drury, Joseph A. Tobias, Kevin J. Burns, Nicholas A. Mason, Allison J. Shultz, Hélène Morlon Jan 2018

Contrasting Impacts Of Competition On Ecological And Social Trait Evolution In Songbirds, Jonathan P. Drury, Joseph A. Tobias, Kevin J. Burns, Nicholas A. Mason, Allison J. Shultz, Hélène Morlon

Faculty Publications

© 2018 Drury et al. Competition between closely related species has long been viewed as a powerful selective force that drives trait diversification, thereby generating phenotypic diversity over macroevolutionary timescales. However, although the impact of interspecific competition has been documented in a handful of iconic insular radiations, most previous studies have focused on traits involved in resource use, and few have examined the role of competition across large, continental radiations. Thus, the extent to which broad-scale patterns of phenotypic diversity are shaped by competition remain largely unclear, particularly for social traits. Here, we estimate the effect of competition between interacting …

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Challenges Of Elephant Conservation: Insights From Oral Histories Of Colonialism And Landscape In Tsavo, Kenya, Peter Ngugi Kamau, Andrew Sluyter Jan 2018

Challenges Of Elephant Conservation: Insights From Oral Histories Of Colonialism And Landscape In Tsavo, Kenya, Peter Ngugi Kamau, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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A New Ultrasonic Transducer Sample Cell For In Situ Small-Angle Scattering Experiments, Sudipta Gupta, Markus Bleuel, Gerald J. Schneider Jan 2018

A New Ultrasonic Transducer Sample Cell For In Situ Small-Angle Scattering Experiments, Sudipta Gupta, Markus Bleuel, Gerald J. Schneider

Faculty Publications

© 2018 Author(s). Ultrasound irradiation is a commonly used technique for nondestructive diagnostics or targeted destruction. We report on a new versatile sonication device that fits in a variety of standard sample environments for neutron and X-ray scattering instruments. A piezoelectric transducer permits measuring of the time-dependent response of the sample in situ during or after sonication. We use small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) to demonstrate the effect of a time-dependent perturbation on the structure factor of micelles formed from sodium dodecyl sulfate surfactant molecules. We observe a substantial change in the micellar structure during and after exposure to ultrasonic irradiation. …

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Novel Spiroplasma Spp. Cultured From Brains And Lymph Nodes From Ruminants Affected With Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy, Frank O. Bastian, James Lynch, Sue Hagius, Xiaochu Wu, Greg Mccormick, Donald G. Luther, Philip H. Elzer Jan 2018

Novel Spiroplasma Spp. Cultured From Brains And Lymph Nodes From Ruminants Affected With Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy, Frank O. Bastian, James Lynch, Sue Hagius, Xiaochu Wu, Greg Mccormick, Donald G. Luther, Philip H. Elzer

Faculty Publications

© 2017 American Association of Neuropathologists, Inc. Spiroplasma spp., tiny filterable wall-less bacteria, are consistently associated with the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE). Spiral forms have been transiently isolated from TSE-affected brain tissues in SP4 growth media designed for isolation of Spiroplasma spp., but the isolate could not be propagated in SP4 media. A bacterium must grow in vitro in cell-free cultures to allow full characterization of a suspect pathogen. Here, a novel Spiroplasma sp. was isolated from scrapie- and chronic wasting disease (CWD)-affected brains and lymph nodes. Filtrates of tissue homogenates inoculated into Brucella media incubated for 14 days at …

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Nanotechnology Considerations For Poultry And Livestock Production Systems - A Review, Mohamed I. El Sabry, Kenneth W. Mcmillin, Cristina M. Sabliov Jan 2018

Nanotechnology Considerations For Poultry And Livestock Production Systems - A Review, Mohamed I. El Sabry, Kenneth W. Mcmillin, Cristina M. Sabliov

Faculty Publications

© 2018 by Mohamed I. El Sabry. The global animal productivity should proportionally increase to meet the food needs of a growing population. This article presents an overview of the current and promising nano-applications in poultry and livestock production systems that could offer opportunities for improved efficiencies and productivity. Some basic information on nanotechnology and the economics of nanotechnology is provided. Poultry and animal production systems, current situation and available tools and techniques are presented in parallel with animal health care, animal nutrition, animal shetter and food processing nano-applications and their advantages. These applications are directly or indirectly related to …

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Ex Vivo Gut Culture For Studying Differentiation And Migration Of Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells, Xiaofei Sun, Xing Fu, Min Du, Mei Jun Zhu Jan 2018

Ex Vivo Gut Culture For Studying Differentiation And Migration Of Small Intestinal Epithelial Cells, Xiaofei Sun, Xing Fu, Min Du, Mei Jun Zhu

Faculty Publications

© 2018 The Authors. Epithelial cultures are commonly used for studying gut health. However, due to the absence of mesenchymal cells and gut structure, epithelial culture systems including recently developed three-dimensional organoid culture cannot accurately represent in vivo gut development, which requires intense cross-regulation of the epithelial layer with the underlying mesenchymal tissue. In addition, organoid culture is costly. To overcome this, a new culture system was developed using mouse embryonic small intestine. Cultured intestine showed spontaneous peristalsis, indicating the maintenance of the normal gut physiological structure. During 10 days of ex vivo culture, epithelial cells moved along the gut …

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Gata4-Dependent Differentiation Of C-Kit+-Derived Endothelial Cells Underlies Artefactual Cardiomyocyte Regeneration In The Heart, Bryan D. Maliken, Onur Kanisicak, Jason Karch, Hadi Khalil, Xing Fu, Justin G. Boyer, Vikram Prasad, Yi Zheng, Jeffery D. Molkentin Jan 2018

Gata4-Dependent Differentiation Of C-Kit+-Derived Endothelial Cells Underlies Artefactual Cardiomyocyte Regeneration In The Heart, Bryan D. Maliken, Onur Kanisicak, Jason Karch, Hadi Khalil, Xing Fu, Justin G. Boyer, Vikram Prasad, Yi Zheng, Jeffery D. Molkentin

Faculty Publications

© 2018 The Authors. BACKGROUND: Although c-Kit+ adult progenitor cells were initially reported to produce new cardiomyocytes in the heart, recent genetic evidence suggests that such events are exceedingly rare. However, to determine if these rare events represent true de novo cardiomyocyte formation, we deleted the necessary cardiogenic transcription factors Gata4 and Gata6 from c-Kit-expressing cardiac progenitor cells. METHODS: Kit allele-dependent lineage tracing and fusion analysis were performed in mice following simultaneous Gata4 and Gata6 cell type-specifc deletion to examine rates of putative de novo cardiomyocyte formation from c-Kit+ cells. Bone marrow transplantation experiments were used to defne the contribution …

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Phylogenomics Of Pike Cichlids (Cichlidae: Crenicichla): The Rapid Ecological Speciation Of An Incipient Species Flock, E. D. Burress, F. Alda, A. Duarte, M. Loureiro, J. W. Armbruster, P. Chakrabarty Jan 2018

Phylogenomics Of Pike Cichlids (Cichlidae: Crenicichla): The Rapid Ecological Speciation Of An Incipient Species Flock, E. D. Burress, F. Alda, A. Duarte, M. Loureiro, J. W. Armbruster, P. Chakrabarty

Faculty Publications

© 2017 European Society For Evolutionary Biology. Journal of Evolutionary Biology © 2017 European Society For Evolutionary Biology The rapid rise of phenotypic and ecological diversity in independent lake-dwelling groups of cichlids is emblematic of the East African Great Lakes. In this study, we show that similar ecologically based diversification has occurred in pike cichlids (Crenicichla) throughout the Uruguay River drainage of South America. We collected genomic data from nearly 500 ultraconserved element (UCEs) loci and >260 000 base pairs across 33 species, to obtain a phylogenetic hypothesis for the major species groups and to evaluate the relationships and genetic …

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Variation Across Mitochondrial Gene Trees Provides Evidence For Systematic Error: How Much Gene Tree Variation Is Biological?, Emilie J. Richards, Jeremy M. Brown, Anthony J. Barley, Rebecca A. Chong, Robert C. Thomson Jan 2018

Variation Across Mitochondrial Gene Trees Provides Evidence For Systematic Error: How Much Gene Tree Variation Is Biological?, Emilie J. Richards, Jeremy M. Brown, Anthony J. Barley, Rebecca A. Chong, Robert C. Thomson

Faculty Publications

© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press, on behalf of the Society of Systematic Biologists. All rights reserved. The use of large genomic data sets in phylogenetics has highlighted extensive topological variation across genes. Much of this discordance is assumed to result from biological processes. However, variation among gene trees can also be a consequence of systematic error driven by poor model fit, and the relative importance of biological vs. methodological factors in explaining gene tree variation is a major unresolved question. Using mitochondrial genomes to control for biological causes of gene tree variation, we estimate the extent …

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Isolation By Distance, Not Incipient Ecological Speciation, Explains Genetic Differentiation In An Andean Songbird (Aves: Furnariidae: Cranioleuca Antisiensis, Line-Cheeked Spinetail) Despite Near Threefold Body Size Change Across An Environmental Gradient, Glenn F. Seeholzer, Robb T. Brumfield Jan 2018

Isolation By Distance, Not Incipient Ecological Speciation, Explains Genetic Differentiation In An Andean Songbird (Aves: Furnariidae: Cranioleuca Antisiensis, Line-Cheeked Spinetail) Despite Near Threefold Body Size Change Across An Environmental Gradient, Glenn F. Seeholzer, Robb T. Brumfield

Faculty Publications

© 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd During the process of ecological speciation, reproductive isolation results from divergent natural selection and leads to a positive correlation between genetic divergence and adaptive phenotypic divergence, that is, isolation by adaptation (IBA). In natural populations, phenotypic differentiation is often autocorrelated with geographic distance, making IBA difficult to distinguish from the neutral expectation of isolation by distance (IBD). We examined these two alternatives in a dramatic case of clinal phenotypic variation in an Andean songbird, the Line-cheeked Spinetail (Cranioleuca antisiensis). At its geographic extremes, this species shows a near threefold difference in body mass …

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The Drug Repurposing Ecosystem: Intellectual Property Incentives, Market Exclusivity, And The Future Of "New" Medicines, Sam F. Halabi Jan 2018

The Drug Repurposing Ecosystem: Intellectual Property Incentives, Market Exclusivity, And The Future Of "New" Medicines, Sam F. Halabi

Faculty Publications

The pharmaceutical industry is in a state of fundamental transition. New drug approvals have slowed, patents on blockbuster drugs are expiring, and costs associated with developing new drugs are escalating and yielding fewer viable drug candidates. As a result, pharmaceutical firms have turned to a number of alternative strategies for growth. One of these strategies is "drug repurposing"-finding new ways to deploy approved drugs or abandoned clinical candidates in new disease areas. Despite the efficiency advantages of repurposing drugs, there is broad agreement that there is insufficient repurposing activity because of numerous intellectual property protection and market failures. This Article …

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Rape Myths And Hookup Culture: An Exploratory Study Of U.S. College Students' Perceptions, Timothy T. Reling, Michael S. Barton, Sarah Anna Becker, Matthew A. Valasik Jan 2018

Rape Myths And Hookup Culture: An Exploratory Study Of U.S. College Students' Perceptions, Timothy T. Reling, Michael S. Barton, Sarah Anna Becker, Matthew A. Valasik

Faculty Publications

The present study provides the first known systematic examination of the association of hookup culture endorsement and rape myth acceptance. Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to test the primary hypothesis that hookup culture endorsement would be the primary predictor of rape myth acceptance levels among a sample of 422 U.S. college students. Findings indicated the existence of a complex relationship in which rape myth acceptance increases or decreases based upon the form of hookup culture endorsement examined. Beliefs that hookups are harmless and elevate social status increased rape myth acceptance, whereas beliefs that hookups express sexual freedom decreased rape myth …

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Medical Implications Of Space Radiation Exposure Due To Low-Altitude Polar Orbits, Jeffery C. Chancellor, Serena M. Auñon-Chancellor, John Charles Jan 2018

Medical Implications Of Space Radiation Exposure Due To Low-Altitude Polar Orbits, Jeffery C. Chancellor, Serena M. Auñon-Chancellor, John Charles

Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Space radiation research has progressed rapidly in recent years, but there remain large uncertainties in predicting and extrapolating biological responses to humans. Exposure to cosmic radiation and solar particle events (SPEs) may pose a critical health risk to future spaceflight crews and can have a serious impact on all biomedical aspects of space exploration. The relatively minimal shielding of the cancelled 1960s Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL) program's space vehicle and the high inclination polar orbits would have left the crew susceptible to high exposures of cosmic radiation and high dose-rate SPEs that are mostly unpredictable in frequency and intensity. …

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Mitochondria Targeting Ir780-Based Nanogumbos For Enhanced Selective Toxicity Towards Cancer Cells, Mi Chen, Nimisha Bhattarai, Mingyan Cong, Rocío L. Pérez, Karen C. Mcdonough, Isiah M. Warner Jan 2018

Mitochondria Targeting Ir780-Based Nanogumbos For Enhanced Selective Toxicity Towards Cancer Cells, Mi Chen, Nimisha Bhattarai, Mingyan Cong, Rocío L. Pérez, Karen C. Mcdonough, Isiah M. Warner

Faculty Publications

© 2018 The Royal Society of Chemistry. Herein, a simple counter-ion variation strategy is proposed and demonstrated for design of an array of near infrared IR780-based nanoGUMBOS (nanomaterials from a Group of Uniform Materials Based on Organic Salts) to produce enhanced anticancer activity. These nanomaterials were synthesized by direct nanoengineering of IR780-based GUMBOS using a reprecipitation method, without addition of any other materials. Thus, these novel nanomaterials can serve as carrier-free nanodrugs, providing several distinct advantages over conventional chemotherapeutics. Examination of the size and stability of these nanoGUMBOS indicates formation of approximately 100 nm nanoparticles that are stable under biological …

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Rice H2a.Z Negatively Regulates Genes Responsive To Nutrient Starvation But Promotes Expression Of Key Housekeeping Genes, Sara Zahraeifard, Maryam Foroozani, Aliasghar Sepehri, Dong Ha Oh, Guannan Wang, Venkata Mangu, Bin Chen, Niranjan Baisakh, Maheshi Dassanayake, Aaron P. Smith Jan 2018

Rice H2a.Z Negatively Regulates Genes Responsive To Nutrient Starvation But Promotes Expression Of Key Housekeeping Genes, Sara Zahraeifard, Maryam Foroozani, Aliasghar Sepehri, Dong Ha Oh, Guannan Wang, Venkata Mangu, Bin Chen, Niranjan Baisakh, Maheshi Dassanayake, Aaron P. Smith

Faculty Publications

© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Experimental Biology. The H2A.Z histone variant plays a role in the modulation of environmental responses, but the nature of the associated mechanisms remains enigmatic. We investigated global H2A.Z deposition and transcriptomic changes in rice (Oryza sativa) upon exposure to phosphate (Pi) deficiency and in response to RNAi knockdown of OsARP6, which encodes a key component of the H2A.Z exchange complex. Both Pi deficiency and OsARP6-knockdown resulted in similar, profound effects on global H2A.Z distribution. H2A.Z in the gene body of stress-responsive genes was negatively correlated …

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Improved Enantioselectivity For Atenolol Employing Pivot Based Molecular Imprinting, Andreea Elena Bodoki, Bogdan Cezar Iacob, Laura Elena Gliga, Simona Luminita Oprean, David A. Spivak, Nicholas A. Gariano, Ede Bodoki Jan 2018

Improved Enantioselectivity For Atenolol Employing Pivot Based Molecular Imprinting, Andreea Elena Bodoki, Bogdan Cezar Iacob, Laura Elena Gliga, Simona Luminita Oprean, David A. Spivak, Nicholas A. Gariano, Ede Bodoki

Faculty Publications

© 2018 by the authors. In the last few decades, molecular imprinting technology went through a spectacular evolution becoming a well-established tool for the synthesis of highly selective biomimetic molecular recognition platforms. Nevertheless, there is still room for advancement in the molecular imprinting of highly polar chiral compounds. The aim of the present work was to investigate the favorable kosmotropic effect of a ternary complex involving a polar chiral template (eutomer of atenolol) and a functional monomer, bridged by a central metal ion through well-defined, spatially directional coordinate bonds. The efficiency of the chiral molecular recognition was systematically assessed on …

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A Narrative Analysis Examining Influential Factors Of A Minority Research And Training Program, Gretchen S. Burton, Maria Da Graça H. Vicente Jan 2018

A Narrative Analysis Examining Influential Factors Of A Minority Research And Training Program, Gretchen S. Burton, Maria Da Graça H. Vicente

Faculty Publications

© The Author(s) 2018. The implementation of minority research and training programs at the postsecondary level has risen to close the educational achievement gap and generate a highly skilled and diverse science workforce. Numerous studies identify interventions influencing positive outcomes among minority research and training participants achieving graduate degrees. However, many of these studies utilize quantitative methods. To capture student voices and rich descriptive experiences, this study utilized a multiple case study featuring a narrative approach. Cross-case analysis identified four factors influencing matriculation into advanced degree programs: belonging and inclusion, peer mentoring, confidence as a scientist, and family influence. Findings …

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Polypeptoid Polymers: Synthesis, Characterization, And Properties, Brandon A. Chan, Sunting Xuan, Ang Li, Jessica M. Simpson, Garrett L. Sternhagen, Tianyi Yu, Omead A. Darvish, Naisheng Jiang, Donghui Zhang Jan 2018

Polypeptoid Polymers: Synthesis, Characterization, And Properties, Brandon A. Chan, Sunting Xuan, Ang Li, Jessica M. Simpson, Garrett L. Sternhagen, Tianyi Yu, Omead A. Darvish, Naisheng Jiang, Donghui Zhang

Faculty Publications

© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Polypeptoids, a class of peptidomimetic polymers, have emerged at the forefront of macromolecular and supramolecular science and engineering as the technological relevance of these polymers continues to be demonstrated. The chemical and structural diversity of polypeptoids have enabled access to and adjustment of a variety of physicochemical and biological properties (eg, solubility, charge characteristics, chain conformation, HLB, thermal processability, degradability, cytotoxicity and immunogenicity). These attributes have made this synthetic polymer platform a potential candidate for various biomedical and biotechnological applications. This review will provide an overview of recent development in synthetic methods to access polypeptoid …

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Expression Of An 8r-Lipoxygenase From The Coral Plexaura Homomalla, Nathaniel C. Gilbert, David B. Neau, Marcia E. Newcomer Jan 2018

Expression Of An 8r-Lipoxygenase From The Coral Plexaura Homomalla, Nathaniel C. Gilbert, David B. Neau, Marcia E. Newcomer

Faculty Publications

© 2018 Elsevier Inc. Methods are presented for the use of the coral 8R-lipoxygenase from the Caribbean sea whip coral Plexaura homomalla as a model enzyme for structural studies of animal lipoxygenases. The 8R-lipoxygenase is remarkably stable and can be stored at 4°C for 3 months with virtually no loss of activity. In addition, an engineered “pseudo wild-type” enzyme is soluble in the absence of detergents, which helps facilitate the preparation of enzyme:substrate complexes.

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A Spatiotemporal Dna Endoploidy Map Of The Arabidopsis Root Reveals Roles For The Endocycle In Root Development And Stress Adaptation, Rahul Bhosale, Veronique Boudolf, Fabiola Cuevas, Ran Lu, Thomas Eekhout, Zhubing Hu, Gert Van Isterdael, Georgina M. Lambert, Fan Xu, Moritz K. Nowack, Richard S. Smith, Ilse Vercauteren, Riet De Rycke, Veronique Storme, Tom Beeckman, John C. Larkin, Anna Kremer, Herman Höfte, David W. Galbraith, Robert P. Kumpf, Steven Maere, Lieven De Veylder Jan 2018

A Spatiotemporal Dna Endoploidy Map Of The Arabidopsis Root Reveals Roles For The Endocycle In Root Development And Stress Adaptation, Rahul Bhosale, Veronique Boudolf, Fabiola Cuevas, Ran Lu, Thomas Eekhout, Zhubing Hu, Gert Van Isterdael, Georgina M. Lambert, Fan Xu, Moritz K. Nowack, Richard S. Smith, Ilse Vercauteren, Riet De Rycke, Veronique Storme, Tom Beeckman, John C. Larkin, Anna Kremer, Herman Höfte, David W. Galbraith, Robert P. Kumpf, Steven Maere, Lieven De Veylder

Faculty Publications

© 2018 ASPB. Somatic polyploidy caused by endoreplication is observed in arthropods, molluscs, and vertebrates but is especially prominent in higher plants, where it has been postulated to be essential for cell growth and fate maintenance. However, a comprehensive understanding of the physiological significance of plant endopolyploidy has remained elusive. Here, we modeled and experimentally verified a high-resolution DNA endoploidy map of the developing Arabidopsis thaliana root, revealing a remarkable spatiotemporal control of DNA endoploidy levels across tissues. Fitting of a simplified model to publicly available data sets profiling root gene expression under various environmental stress conditions suggested that this …

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Trpc5 Is Required For The No-Dependent Increase In Dendritic Ca 2+ And Gaba Release From Chick Retinal Amacrine Cells, J. Wesley Maddox, Nikka Khorsandi, Evanna Gleason Jan 2018

Trpc5 Is Required For The No-Dependent Increase In Dendritic Ca 2+ And Gaba Release From Chick Retinal Amacrine Cells, J. Wesley Maddox, Nikka Khorsandi, Evanna Gleason

Faculty Publications

© 2018 American Physiological Society. All rights reserved. GABAergic signaling from amacrine cells (ACs) is a fundamental aspect of visual signal processing in the inner retina. We have previously shown that nitric oxide (NO) can elicit release of GABA independently from activation of voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in cultured retinal ACs. This voltage-independent quantal GABA release relies on a Ca 2+ influx mechanism with pharmacological characteristics consistent with the involvement of the transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels TRPC4 and/or TRPC5. To determine the identity of these channels, we evaluated the ability of NO to elevate dendritic Ca 2+ and …

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Nkg2d Regulation Of Lung Pathology And Dendritic Cell Function Following Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection, Huan Liu, Andrew R. Osterburg, Jennifer Flury, Shuo Huang, Francis X. Mccormack, Stephania A. Cormier, Michael T. Borchers Jan 2018

Nkg2d Regulation Of Lung Pathology And Dendritic Cell Function Following Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection, Huan Liu, Andrew R. Osterburg, Jennifer Flury, Shuo Huang, Francis X. Mccormack, Stephania A. Cormier, Michael T. Borchers

Faculty Publications

© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. Background. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of respiratory tract infection in vulnerable populations. Natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DC) are important for the effector functions of both cell types following infection. Methods. Wild-type and NKG2D-deficient mice were infected with RSV. Lung pathology was assessed by histology. Dendritic cell function and phenotype were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry. The expression of NKG2D ligands on lung and lymph node DCs was measured by immunostaining and …

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Intergenic And Intronic Dna Hypomethylated Regions As Putative Regulators Of Imprinted Domains, Arundhati Bakshi, Corey L. Bretz, Terri L. Cain, Joomyeong Kim Jan 2018

Intergenic And Intronic Dna Hypomethylated Regions As Putative Regulators Of Imprinted Domains, Arundhati Bakshi, Corey L. Bretz, Terri L. Cain, Joomyeong Kim

Faculty Publications

© 2018 2018 Future Medicine Ltd. Aim: To investigate the regulatory potential of intergenic/intronic hypomethylated regions (iHMRs) within imprinted domains. Materials & methods: Based on the preliminary results of the histone modification and conservation profiles, we conducted reporter assays on the Peg3 and H19 domain iHMRs. The in vitro results were confirmed by the in vivo deletion of Peg3-iHMR designed to test its function in the Peg3 imprinted domain. Results & conclusion: Initial bioinformatic analyses suggested that some iHMRs may be noncanonical enhancers for imprinted genes. Consistent with this, Peg3- and H19-iHMRs showed context-dependent promoter and enhancer activity. Further, deletion …

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Reference Assembly And Annotation Of The Pyrenophora Teres F. Teres Isolate 0-1, Nathan A. Wyatt, Jonathan K. Richards, Robert S. Brueggeman, Timothy L. Friesen Jan 2018

Reference Assembly And Annotation Of The Pyrenophora Teres F. Teres Isolate 0-1, Nathan A. Wyatt, Jonathan K. Richards, Robert S. Brueggeman, Timothy L. Friesen

Faculty Publications

Pyrenophora teres f. teres, the causal agent of net form net blotch (NFNB) of barley, is a destructive pathogen in barley-growing regions throughout the world. Typical yield losses due to NFNB range from 10 to 40%; however, complete loss has been observed on highly susceptible barley lines where environmental conditions favor the pathogen. Currently, genomic resources for this economically important pathogen are limited to a fragmented draft genome assembly and annotation, with limited RNA support of the P. teres f. teres isolate 0-1. This research presents an updated 0-1 reference assembly facilitated by long-read sequencing and scaffolding with the assistance …

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Biology And Management Of The Eastern Lubber Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae), T. D. Schowalter Jan 2018

Biology And Management Of The Eastern Lubber Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae), T. D. Schowalter

Faculty Publications

The eastern lubber grasshopper, Romalea microptera (Beauvois) (Orthoptera: Acrididae), is locally common in swamps, open woodlands, weedy fields, and ditches in the southeastern United States. This species displays bold color patterns that vary from primarily lighter yellows and oranges in eastern portions of its range (although the black form occurs throughout the range) to shiny black with red markings in western portions, exemplifying aposematic (warning) coloration. This grasshopper has a wide host range, with more than 100 known host plants, from which it can sequester or synthesize a variety of toxic chemicals. Lubber defenses are highly effective against vertebrate predators, …

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Biology And Management Of Root-Feeding Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) In North American Conifer Forests And Plantations, T. D. Schowalter Jan 2018

Biology And Management Of Root-Feeding Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) In North American Conifer Forests And Plantations, T. D. Schowalter

Faculty Publications

Root-feeding beetles, including several species of Hylastes Erichson (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Hylurgops LeConte (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Hylobius Gemar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Pachylobius LeConte (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Pissodes Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and Steremnius Schönherr (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), have emerged as serious problems in conifer plantations and forests in the United States and Canada in recent decades. Root-feeding beetles are particularly associated with stressed, diseased, or injured trees. Emerging adults kill seedlings by girdling them at the root collar and kill older trees, at least in the North and West, by transmitting fungal root pathogens in the genus Leptographium Lagerberg & Melin (Ophiostomatales: Ophiostomataceae). In the South …

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