Digital Commons Network^™

Clarifying The Interpretation Of Carbon Use Efficiency In Soil Through Methods Comparison, Kevin M. Geyer, Paul Dijkstra, Robert Sinsabaugh, Serita D. Frey

Faculty Publications

Accurate estimates of microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) are required to predict how global change will impact microbially-mediated ecosystem functions such as organic matter decomposition. Multiple approaches are currently used to quantify CUE but the extent to which estimates reflect methodological variability is unknown. This limits our ability to apply or cross-compare published CUE values. Here we evaluated the performance of five methods in a single soil under standard conditions. The microbial response to three substrate amendment rates (0.0, 0.05, and 2.0 mg glucose-C g−1 soil) was examined using: 13C and 18O isotope tracing approaches which estimate CUE based on …

An Fmri Exploration Of Information Processing In Electronic Networks Of Practice, Thomas O. Meservy, Kelly J. Fadel, C. Brock Kirwan, Rayman D. Meservy

Faculty Publications

Online forums sponsored by electronic networks of practice have become an important source of information for individuals seeking solutions to problems online. However, not all information available in a forum is helpful or accurate, requiring knowledge seekers to evaluate and filter the solutions they encounter. Most forums offer contextual cues to help knowledge seekers make evaluation decisions, yet little is understood about the cognitive processes and neural mechanisms that underlie how information on these forums is filtered and evaluated. This paper draws on literature in cognitive neuroscience and NeuroIS to develop exploratory research questions about the role of both content …

Moral Development In Business Ethics: An Examination And Critique, Kristen Bell Detienne, Carol Frogley Ellertson, Marc-Charles Ingerson, William R. Dudley

Faculty Publications

The field of behavioral ethics has seen considerable growth over the last few decades. One of the most significant concerns facing this interdisciplinary field of research is the moral judgment-action gap. The moral judgment-action gap is the inconsistency people display when they know what is right but do what they know is wrong. Much of the research in the field of behavioral ethics is based on (or in response to) early work in moral psychology and American psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg’s foundational cognitive model of moral development. However, Kohlberg’s model of moral development lacks a compelling explanation for the judgment-action gap. …

Effects Of Seawater On Carotenoid Production And Lipid Content Of Engineered Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Yuqi Guo, Shangxian Xie, Joshua Yuan, Katy Kao

Faculty Publications

The use of seawater in fermentation can potentially reduce the freshwater burden in the bio-based production of chemicals and fuels. We previously developed a Saccharomyces cerevisiae carotenoids hyperproducer SM14 capable of accumulating 18 mg g−1 DCW (DCW: dry cell weight) of β-carotene in rich media (YPD). In this work, the impacts of seawater on the carotenoid production of SM14 were investigated. When using nutrient-reduced media (0.1× YNB) in freshwater the β-carotene production of SM14 was 6.51 ± 0.37 mg g−1 DCW; however in synthetic seawater, the production was increased to 8.67 ± 0.62 mg g−1 DCW. We found that this …

Developing A Modern Data Workflow For Regularly Updated Data, Glenda M. Yenni, Erica M. Christensen, Ellen K. Bledsoe, Sarah R. Supp, Renata M. Diaz

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Examining The Challenges And Practices Of Our Russian Partners In The Institution Of Teacher Librarianship, Lucy Santos Green, M. P. Johnston

Faculty Publications

Examining international teacher librarianship enables school library researchers and practitioners to continue uncovering the institutional factors that impact school librarianship; further strengthening the case for cross-cultural partnerships. In 2015, researchers conducted an institutional ethnography confirmatory study of school librarianship in Moscow, Russia. Emergent themes culled from previous research and confirmed in this new study were: collaboration, literacy, instruction, technology integration, and the learning environment. Confirmation of these themes in Russian school librarianship indicates teacher librarians around the world struggle with strikingly similar challenges despite varied contexts and socioeconomic situations.

Differential Oviposition And Offspring Success Of Gray Treefrogs In The Presence Of An Invasive Fish, Geoffrey R. Smith, Johanna J. Harmon

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Vaccine Race In The 21st Century, Ana Santos Rutschman

Faculty Publications

In a world where infectious diseases spread at increasingly faster rates, the development of new human vaccines remains a priority in biopharmaceutical innovation. Legal scholars have addressed different aspects of vaccine regulation and administration, but less attention has been paid to the role of laws governing innovation during the stages of research and development (“R&D”) of vaccines.

This Article explores the race to develop new vaccines from its beginnings through the early twenty-first century, with a focus on the progressively pervasive role of intellectual property in governing vaccine innovation. It describes the insufficiencies of current innovation regimes in promoting socially …

Expectations And Challenges Of Non-Native University Writers At The Outset Of Discipline-Specific Study, K. James Hartshorn, Norman W. Evans

Faculty Publications

Little is known about how best to prepare non-native students matriculated at universities in the United States to succeed in discipline-specific writing. Whilesome studies have suggested differences in the types and volumes of writing across disciplines, such studies have compared very few disciplines simultaneously and have not always examined the disciplines most commonly studied by international students. Thus, this study seeks to fill an important gap in the literature by examining the perspectives of university professors regarding their expectations and purposes for student writing as well as their observations about the greatest writing challenges their students face within five of …

The Relationship Between Perceived Stress And Problematic Social Networking Site Use Among Chinese College Students, Xiang-Ling Hou, Hai-Zhen Wang, Tian-Qiang Hu, Douglas A. Gentile, James Gaskin, Jin-Liang Wang

Faculty Publications

Background and aims: Perceived stress has been regarded as a risk factor for problematic social networking site (SNS) use, yet little is known about the underlying processes whereby confounding variables may mediate or moderate this relationship. To answer this question, this study examined whether depression and anxiety mediated the relationship between perceived stress and problematic SNS use, and whether these mediating processes were moderated by psychological resilience and social support. Methods: Participants were 641 Chinese college students who completed anonymous questionnaires measuring perceived stress, depression/anxiety, psychological resilience, social support, and problematic SNS use. Results: The results showed that (a) depression/anxiety …

The Role Of Pressure Groups And Problem Definition In Crafting Legislative Solutions To The Opioid Crisis, Taleed El-Sabawi

Faculty Publications

Organized interest groups and federal administrative agencies have historically been influential in defining problem drug use during nationwide crisis. As such, the manner in which these pressure groups defined the problem may have influenced or, at least, provided support for legislators’ decisions to shy away from a criminal justice approach and towards acceptance of a more “health-oriented” — one that did not comprehensively address demand factors or demonstrate a commitment to reforming U.S. drug policy to meet international standards of best practice. In an effort to provide a snapshot of what such involvement may look like, this article explores the …

Half-Baked: The Science And Politics Of Legal Pot, Joelle A. Moreno

Faculty Publications

Weed, herb, grass, bud, ganja, Mary Jane, hash oil, sinsemilla, budder, and shatter. Marijuana – whether viewed as a medicine or intoxicant – is fast becoming a part of everyday life, with the CDC reporting 7,000 new users every day and the American market projected to grow to $20 billion by 2020. Based on early campaign rhetoric, by that same year the U.S. could have a pro-marijuana president.

Despite its growing acceptance and popularity, marijuana remains illegal under federal law. Like heroin, LSD, and ecstasy, marijuana is a DEA Schedule I drug reflecting a Congressional determination that marijuana is both …

Reporting Quantitative Methods And Findings: Best Practices Fidelity In The Leisure Science Literature, Mat D. Duerden, Eric Keith Layland, Andrew Lacanienta, Camilla Hodge, Michael Goates, Michael B. Edwards

Faculty Publications

This article identified best practices for quantitative methods and results reporting and then evaluated leisure science articles’ adherence to them. A two-stage stratified sampling method identified 112 articles. A codebook was developed, and 26 universal codes addressing abstract, methods, and results were applied to each article to generate best practices scores (BPS). BPS ranged from 6 to 21 (M¼14.89, SD¼2.95). Articles were more likely to use best practices for abstract, sample selection, recruitment, statistics, and data analysis, and less likely for participant characteristics, instrumentation, and data collection procedures. Comparisons of BPS across journals identified significant differences.

Food Choice By A Free-Ranging Antillean Manatee (Trichechus Manatus Manatus) In Tabasco, Mexico, Daniel Gonzalez-Socoloske, David Olivera-Gomez

Faculty Publications

Understanding foraging ecology is an important element of effective conservation strategies. While West Indian manatees (Trichechus manatus) have been documented to consume a wide variety of vascular plants and algae, little is known about the diet of the Endangered Antillean subspecies (T. m. manatus) at freshwater sites such as the wetlands of Tabasco, the largest manatee habitat in Mexico. Here we present the results of a study of wild manatee diet in a freshwater site in Mexico. Controlled food choice experiments were conducted on a wild adult manatee during the dry seasons of 2011 and 2012. …

Playable Case Studies: A New Educational Genre For Technical Writing Instruction, Jonathan Balzotti, Derek Hansen

Faculty Publications

A Playable Case Study (PCS) is a hybrid learning experience where students (1) participate in a fictional narrative that unfolds through an immersive, simulated environment and (2) engage in classroom activities and lessons that provide educational scaffolding and promote metacognition through in-game and out-of-game experiences. We present the Microcore PCS to illustrate the potential of this new type of experiential simulation that incorporates aspects of Alternate Reality Games (ARGs) to increase immersion and teach workplace literacies in the technical communication classroom. We explore results from a pilot test of Microcore with an undergraduate technical communication course, identifying design strategies that …

Threading Competencies In Writing Courses For More Effective Transfer, Amy D. Williams, Jonathan Balzotti

Faculty Publications

This article contributes to current conversations about transfer, specifically how WAC courses can encourage vertical transfer (Melzer). The authors draw on research in learner development that demonstrates how a threaded curriculum approach helps students learn concepts and skills and apply that knowledge in multiple contexts. Additionally, a threaded curriculum can incorporate pedagogical elements that have been linked to effective transfer, such as abstract conceptualization and metacognition. The authors present an instructional model for sequenced writing courses that leverages this research and moves away from disconnected writing courses. The threaded curriculum explored here promotes vertical transfer between an introductory professional writing …

Constructing Meaning Through Connection: Religious Perspectives On The Purpose Of Life, Quinn Galbraith, Adam Callister, Heather Kelly

Faculty Publications

Given prior research, which establishes a connection between religiosity and an increased sense of meaning in life, this study draws on qualitative data from interviews with 172 religious individuals living in Ireland and the United Kingdom in order to analyze what religious individuals perceive as their purpose in life. Interviews were conducted in person, recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded utilizing a team-based methodology. Researchers identified three main themes from the data related to the idea that the purpose of life is tied to relationships and connection: love and service toward others, family relationships, and connection with God. An analysis of …

Longings And Losses: Working With Grieving Families, David Sedlacek, Beverly Sedlacek

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Redmond (2002) Revisited: Have Standardized Behavioral Rating Scales Gotten Better At Accommodating For Overlapping Symptoms With Language Impairment?, Kirsten M. Hannig, Sean M. Redmond, Amy Wilder

Faculty Publications

Seventeen years ago, Redmond ¹ reviewed five standardized behavioral rating scales and identified several aspects of their design that made them prone to mischaracterize language impairments as socioemotional behavioral disorders. The purpose of this report is to provide an update and extension of the original audit. We consulted test manuals to evaluate: (1) representation of children with language impairments in their standardization samples; (2) presence of language, or academic items within their inventories; (3) accommodations for administering the measure to children with language impairments; and (4) procedures for identifying inordinately punitive ratings. Overlapping language and academic symptoms continued to be …

The Effect Of Communication And Vehicle Properties On The Search Performance Of A Swarm Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Jenna E. Newcomb, Andrew Ning

Faculty Publications

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarm allows for a more time-efficient method of searching a specified area than a single UAV or piloted plane. There are a variety of factors that affect how well an area is surveyed. We specifically analyzed the effect both vehicle properties and communication had on the swarm search performance. We used non-dimensionalization to examine the effect vehicle properties had on search performance so the results can be applied to any domain size with any number and type of vehicle. We found that even if vehicles could only sense 10% of the grid area at any …

Y2O3 Optical Constants Between 5 Nm And 50 Nm, Joseph B. Muhlestein, Benjamin D. Smith, Margaret Miles, Stephanie M. Thomas, Anthony Willey, David D. Allred, R. Steven Turley

Faculty Publications

We report optical constants of e-beam evaporated yttrium oxide Y₂O₃ thin films as determined from angle-dependent reflectance measurements at wavelengths from 5 to 50 nm. Samples were measured using synchrotron radiation at the Advanced Light Source. The experimental reflectance data were fit to obtain values for the index of refraction and thin film roughness. We compare our computed constants with those of previous researchers and those computed using the independent atom approximation from the CXRO website. We found that the index of refraction near 36 nm is much lower than previous data from Tomiki as reported by …

Dynamic Responses And Implications To Coastal Wetlands And The Surrounding Regions Under Sea Level Rise, Karim Alizad, Scott C. Hagen, Stephen C. Medeiros, Matthew V. Bilskie, James T. Morris, Len Balthis, Christine A. Buckel

Faculty Publications

Two distinct microtidal estuarine systems were assessed to advance the understanding of the coastal dynamics of sea level rise in salt marshes. A coupled hydrodynamic-marsh model (Hydro-MEM) was applied to both a marine-dominated (Grand Bay, Mississippi) and a mixed fluvial/marine (Weeks Bay, Alabama) system to compute marsh productivity, marsh migration, and potential tidal inundation from the year 2000 to 2100 under four sea level rise scenarios. Characteristics of the estuaries such as geometry, sediment availability, and topography, were compared to understand their role in the dynamic response to sea level rise. The results show that the low sea level rise …

Diel Variability Of Pco 2 And Co 2 Outgassing From The Lower Mississippi River: Implications For Riverine Co 2 Outgassing Estimation, Jeremy H. Reiman, Y. Jun Xu

Faculty Publications

Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) outgassing from river surface waters is an important component of the global carbon cycle currently not well constrained. To test the hypothesis that riverine partial pressure of CO 2 (pCO 2 ) and CO 2 outgassing rates differ between daylight and darkness, we conducted in-situ pCO 2 and ambient water measurements over four 24-h periods in the spring and summer of 2018 in the Lower Mississippi River under varying flow regimes. We hypothesized that diel pCO 2 variation will correlate inversely with solar radiation due to light-induced photosynthesis. Despite differing ambient conditions between seasons, we …

Differential Expression Of Genes Related To Innate Immune Responses In Ex Vivo Spinal Cord And Cerebellar Slice Cultures Infected With West Nile Virus, Parminder J.S. Vig, Deyin Lu, Amber M. Paul, Ram Kuwar, Maria Lopez, Dobrivoje S. Stokic, A. Arturo Leis, Michael R. Garrett, Fengwei Bai

Faculty Publications

West Nile virus (WNV) infection results in a spectrum of neurological symptoms, ranging from a benign fever to severe WNV neuroinvasive disease with high mortality. Many who recover from WNV neuroinvasive infection present with long-term deficits, including weakness, fatigue, and cognitive problems. While neurons are a main target of WNV, other cell types, especially astrocytes, play an important role in promoting WNV-mediated central nervous system (CNS) damage. Conversely, it has been shown that cultured primary astrocytes secrete high levels of interferons (IFNs) immediately after WNV exposure to protect neighboring astrocytes, as well as neurons. However, how intrinsic responses to WNV …

Thioglycosides Are Efficient Metabolic Decoys Of Glycosylation That Reduce Selectin Dependent Leukocyte Adhesion, Shuen Shiuan Wang, Xuefeng Gao, Virginia Del Solar, Xinheng Yu, Aristotelis Antonopoulos, Alan E. Friedman, Eryn K. Matich, G. Ekin Atilla-Gokcumen, Mehrab Nasirikenari, Joseph T. Lau, Anne Dell, Stuart M. Haslam, Roger A. Laine, Khushi L. Matta, Sriram Neelamegham

Faculty Publications

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Small-molecule inhibitors of glycosylation can be applied in basic science studies, and clinical investigations as anti-inflammatory, anti-metastatic, and anti-viral therapies. This article demonstrates that thioglycosides represent a class of potent metabolic decoys that resist hydrolysis, and block E-selectin-dependent leukocyte adhesion in models of inflammation.

The Dinoflagellate Cyst Genera Achomosphaera Evitt 1963 And Spiniferites Mantell 1850 In Pliocene To Modern Sediments: A Summary Of Round Table Discussions, Kenneth Neil Mertens, Nicolas Van Nieuwenhove, Pieter R. Gurdebeke, Hilal Aydin, Kara Bogus, Manuel Bringué, Barrie Dale, Stijn De Schepper, Anne De Vernal, Marianne Ellegaard, Arjen Grothe, Haifeng Gu, Martin J. Head, Maija Heikkilä, Audrey Limoges, Laurent Londeix, Stephen Louwye, Fabienne Marret, Edwige Masure, Kazumi Matsuoka, Peta J. Mudie, Aurélie Penaud, Vera Pospelova, Andrea Michelle Price, Sofia Ribeiro, André Rochon, Francesca Sangiorgi, Michael Schreck, Vladimir Torres, Serdar Uzar, Gerard J.M. Versteegh, Sophie Warny, Karin Zonneveld

Faculty Publications

© 2018, © 2018 The Author(s). Published by AASP–The Palynological Society. We present a summary of two round-table discussions held during two subsequent workshops in Montreal (Canada) on 16 April 2014 and Ostend (Belgium) on 8 July 2015. Five species of the genus Achomosphaera Evitt 1963 and 33 of the genus Spiniferites Mantell 1850 emend. Sarjeant 1970 occuring in Pliocene to modern sediments are listed and briefly described along with remarks made by workshop participants. In addition, several holotypes and topotypes are reillustrated. Three species previously assigned to Spiniferites are here considered/accepted as belonging to other genera: Impagidinium inaequalis (Wall …

Quantifying Mg 2+ Binding To Ssdna Oligomers: A Self-Consistent Field Theory Study At Varying Ionic Strengths And Grafting Densities, Merina Jahan, Mark J. Uline

Faculty Publications

The performance of aptamer-based biosensors is crucially impacted by their interactions with physiological metal ions, which can alter their structures and chemical properties. Therefore, elucidating the nature of these interactions carries the utmost importance in the robust design of highly efficient biosensors. We investigated Mg ²⁺ binding to varying sequences of polymers to capture the effects of ionic strength and grafting density on ion binding and molecular reorganization of the polymer layer. The polymers are modeled as ssDNA aptamers using a self-consistent field theory, which accounts for non-covalent ion binding by integrating experimentally-derived binding constants. Our model captures the typical …

Influence Of Analyzed Sequence Length On Parameters In Laryngeal High-Speed Videoendoscopy, Patrick Schlegel, Marion Semmler, Melda Kunduk, Michael Döllinger, Christopher Bohr, Anne Schützenberger

Faculty Publications

Laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy (HSV) allows objective quantification of vocal fold vibratory characteristics. However, it is unknown how the analyzed sequence length affects some of the computed parameters. To examine if varying sequence lengths influence parameter calculation, 20 HSV recordings of healthy females during sustained phonation were investigated. The clinical prevalent Photron Fastcam MC2 camera with a frame rate of 4000 fps and a spatial resolution of 512 × 256 pixels was used to collect HSV data. The glottal area waveform (GAW), describing the increase and decrease of the area between the vocal folds during phonation, was extracted. Based on the …

Magnetic Field-Driven Convection For Directed Surface Patterning Of Colloids, Jin Gyun Lee, Vanel Porter, William A. Shelton, Bhuvnesh Bharti

Faculty Publications

Drying sessile droplets is a promising route to transform colloidal dispersions into surface coatings, which are widely used in material design and biochemical detection. However, directing the assembly of the particles within drying droplets and achieving surface patterns beyond the well-known coffee-ring formation remain a challenge. Here, we present a new principle of directing the assembly of nonmagnetic colloidal particles dispersed in a magnetic fluid and generating unusual surface patterns. We use the ability of ferrofluids to change phases with the application of magnetic fields to program the assembly of nonmagnetic microparticles present in drying sessile droplets. We show that …

Positive Association Between Dietary Inflammatory Index And The Risk Of Osteoporosis: Results From The Koges_Health Examinee (Hexa) Cohort Study, Hye Sun Kim, Cheongmin Sohn, Minji Kwon, Woori Na, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert, Mi Kyung Kim

Faculty Publications

Previous studies have found that diet’s inflammatory potential is related to various diseases. However, little is known about its relationship with osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) and osteoporosis risk in a large-scale prospective cohort study in Korea. This prospective cohort study included 159,846 participants (men 57,740; women 102,106) from South Korea with a mean follow-up of 7.9 years. The DII was calculated through a validated semi-quantitative FFQ (SQFFQ), and information on osteoporosis was self-reported by the participants. Analyses were performed by using a multivariable Cox proportional hazard model. …