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Histone H4 H75e Mutation Attenuates Global Genomic And Rad26-Independent Transcription-Coupled Nucleotide Excision Repair, Shisheng Li, Kathiresan Selvam, Sheikh Arafatur Rahman Aug 2019

Histone H4 H75e Mutation Attenuates Global Genomic And Rad26-Independent Transcription-Coupled Nucleotide Excision Repair, Shisheng Li, Kathiresan Selvam, Sheikh Arafatur Rahman

Faculty Publications

Nucleotide excision repair (NER) consists of global genomic NER (GG-NER) and transcription coupled NER (TC-NER) subpathways. In eukaryotic cells, genomic DNA is wrapped around histone octamers (an H3-H4 tetramer and two H2A-H2B dimers) to form nucleosomes, which are well known to profoundly inhibit the access of NER proteins. Through unbiased screening of histone H4 residues in the nucleosomal LRS (loss of ribosomal DNA-silencing) domain, we identified 24 mutations that enhance or decrease UV sensitivity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. The histone H4 H75E mutation, which is largely embedded in the nucleosome and interacts with histone H2B, significantly attenuates GG-NER and Rad26-independent …

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Thylakoid Localized Bestrophin-Like Proteins Are Essential For The Co2 Concentrating Mechanism Of Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Ananya Mukherjee, Chun Sing Lau, Charlotte E. Walker, Ashwani K. Rai, Camille I. Prejean, Gary Yates, Thomas Emrich-Mills, Spencer G. Lemoine, David J. Vinyard, Luke C.M. Mackinder, James V. Moroney Aug 2019

Thylakoid Localized Bestrophin-Like Proteins Are Essential For The Co2 Concentrating Mechanism Of Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii, Ananya Mukherjee, Chun Sing Lau, Charlotte E. Walker, Ashwani K. Rai, Camille I. Prejean, Gary Yates, Thomas Emrich-Mills, Spencer G. Lemoine, David J. Vinyard, Luke C.M. Mackinder, James V. Moroney

Faculty Publications

© 2019 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. The green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii possesses a CO2 concentrating mechanism (CCM) that helps in successful acclimation to low CO2 conditions. Current models of the CCM postulate that a series of ion transporters bring HCO3− from outside the cell to the thylakoid lumen, where the carbonic anhydrase 3 (CAH3) dehydrates accumulated HCO3− to CO2, raising the CO2 concentration for Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). Previously, HCO3− transporters have been identified at both the plasma membrane and the chloroplast envelope, but the transporter thought to be on the thylakoid membrane has not been identified. …

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Seasonal Variability Of Forces Controlling Sedimentation In The Sundarbans National Forest, Bangladesh, Carol A. Wilson, E. J. Bomer Aug 2019

Seasonal Variability Of Forces Controlling Sedimentation In The Sundarbans National Forest, Bangladesh, Carol A. Wilson, E. J. Bomer

Faculty Publications

Southwest Bangladesh, located on the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna delta, is experiencing the impacts of sea level rise (SLR) due to processes at both the local and global scale. In particular, regional alterations of the hydrodynamic network, due to embankment construction, have drastically altered effective SLR, placing millions of inhabitants at risk of prolonged inundation, and threatening the world's largest continuous mangrove stand, the Sundarbans National Forest (SNF). In order to effectively employ landscape recovery solutions, an understanding of local sediment transport and deposition is critical. This field-based study investigates the sediment dynamics between the mangrove platform and tidal channels of the SNF …

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Prospects For The Sustainable Management Of Public Oyster Resources, Thomas M. Soniat, Nathan A. Cooper, Eric N. Powell Aug 2019

Prospects For The Sustainable Management Of Public Oyster Resources, Thomas M. Soniat, Nathan A. Cooper, Eric N. Powell

Faculty Publications

Common-pool resources such as public oyster grounds are especially vulnerable to overexploitation and habitat loss. Like those elsewhere, oyster populations and habitat of Louisiana public grounds are in decline. To maintain reef habitat and increase oyster abundance, a sustainable harvest model is applied, which allows harvest above that required to maintain reef cultch stasis. The model is restrained to promote shell gain by limiting fishing by area, type (sack versus seed), effort, and season. Harvest quotas and cultch removal rates derived from shell-budget–based modeling are a foundation for sustainable management of public oyster resources.

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Contract Law And The Liberalism Of Fear, Nathan B. Oman Aug 2019

Contract Law And The Liberalism Of Fear, Nathan B. Oman

Faculty Publications

Liberalism’s concern with human freedom seems related to contractual freedom and thus contract law. There are, however, many strands of liberal thought and which of them best justifies contract is a difficult question. In The Choice Theory of Contracts, Hanoch Dagan and Michael Heller offer a vision of contract based on autonomy. Drawing on the work of Joseph Raz, they argue that extending autonomy should be the law’s primary concern, which requires that we extend the range of contractual choices available. While there is much to admire in their work, I argue that autonomy as conceived by Dagan and Heller …

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A Novel Eye Tracking Paradigm For Indexing Social Avoidance-Related Behavior In Fragile X Syndrome, Jessica Klusek, Carly Moser, Joseph Schmidt, Leonard Abbeduto, Jane E. Roberts Aug 2019

A Novel Eye Tracking Paradigm For Indexing Social Avoidance-Related Behavior In Fragile X Syndrome, Jessica Klusek, Carly Moser, Joseph Schmidt, Leonard Abbeduto, Jane E. Roberts

Faculty Publications

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is characterized by hallmark features of gaze avoidance, reduced social approach, and social anxiety. The development of therapeutics to manage these symptoms has been hindered, in part, by the lack of sensitive outcome measures. This study investigated the utility of a novel eye tracking paradigm for indexing social avoidance-related phenotypes. Adolescent/young adult-aged males with FXS (n=24) and typical development (n=23) participated in the study. Participants viewed faces displaying direct or averted gaze and the first fixation duration on the eyes was recorded as an index of initial stimulus registration. Fixation durations did …

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Dietary Inflammatory Index And Non-Communicable Disease Risk: A Narrative Review, Catherine M. Phillips, Ling-Wei Chen, Barbara Heude, Jonathan Y. Bernard, Nicholas C. Harvey, Liesbeth Duijts, Sara M. Mensink-Bout, Kinga Polanska, Giulia Mancano, Matthew Suderman, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert Aug 2019

Dietary Inflammatory Index And Non-Communicable Disease Risk: A Narrative Review, Catherine M. Phillips, Ling-Wei Chen, Barbara Heude, Jonathan Y. Bernard, Nicholas C. Harvey, Liesbeth Duijts, Sara M. Mensink-Bout, Kinga Polanska, Giulia Mancano, Matthew Suderman, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert

Faculty Publications

There are over 1,000,000 publications on diet and health and over 480,000 references on inflammation in the National Library of Medicine database. In addition, there have now been over 30,000 peer-reviewed articles published on the relationship between diet, inflammation, and health outcomes. Based on this voluminous literature, it is now recognized that low-grade, chronic systemic inflammation is associated with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancers, respiratory and musculoskeletal disorders, as well as impaired neurodevelopment and adverse mental health outcomes. Dietary components modulate inflammatory status. In recent years, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), a literature-derived …

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Increased Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated With Schizophrenia: Results Of A Case-Control Study From Bahrain, Haitham Jahrami, Mo'ez Al-Islam Faris, Hadeel Ali Ghazzawi, Zahra Saif, Layla Habib, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert Aug 2019

Increased Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated With Schizophrenia: Results Of A Case-Control Study From Bahrain, Haitham Jahrami, Mo'ez Al-Islam Faris, Hadeel Ali Ghazzawi, Zahra Saif, Layla Habib, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert

Faculty Publications

Background: Several studies have indicated that chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with the development of schizophrenia. Given the role of diet in modulating inflammatory markers, excessive caloric intake and increased consumption of pro-inflammatory components such as calorie-dense, nutrient-sparse foods may contribute toward increased rates of schizophrenia. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary inflammation, as measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII (R)), and schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 120 cases attending the out-patient department in the Psychiatric Hospital/Bahrain were recruited, along with 120 healthy controls matched on age and sex. The energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) was computed based …

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Increased Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated With Schizophrenia: Results Of A Case–Control Study From Bahrain, Haitham Jahrami, Moez Al-Islam Faris, Hadeel Ghazzawi, Zahra Saif, Layla Habib, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert Aug 2019

Increased Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated With Schizophrenia: Results Of A Case–Control Study From Bahrain, Haitham Jahrami, Moez Al-Islam Faris, Hadeel Ghazzawi, Zahra Saif, Layla Habib, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert

Faculty Publications

Background: Several studies have indicated that chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with the development of schizophrenia. Given the role of diet in modulating inflammatory markers, excessive caloric intake and increased consumption of pro-inflammatory components such as calorie-dense, nutrient-sparse foods may contribute toward increased rates of schizophrenia. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary inflammation, as measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII®), and schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 120 cases attending the out-patient department in the Psychiatric Hospital/Bahrain were recruited, along with 120 healthy controls matched on age and sex. The energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) was computed …

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A Comparison Of The Trojan Y Chromosome Strategy To Harvesting Models For Eradication Of Non-Native Species, Jingjing Lyu, Pamela J. Schofield, Kristen M. Reaver, Matthew Beauregard, Rana D. Parshad Aug 2019

A Comparison Of The Trojan Y Chromosome Strategy To Harvesting Models For Eradication Of Non-Native Species, Jingjing Lyu, Pamela J. Schofield, Kristen M. Reaver, Matthew Beauregard, Rana D. Parshad

Faculty Publications

The Trojan Y Chromosome Strategy (TYC) is a promising eradication method for biological control of non-native species. The strategy works by manipulating the sex ratio of a population through the introduction of supermales that guarantee male offspring. In the current manuscript, we compare the TYC method with a pure harvesting strategy. We also analyze a hybrid harvesting model that mirrors the TYC strategy. The dynamic analysis leads to results on stability of solutions and bifurcations of the model. Several conclusions about the different strategies are established via optimal control methods. In particular, the results affirm that either a pure harvesting …

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Post-Treatment Of Nanofiltration Polyamide Membrane Through Alkali-Catalyzed Hydrolysis To Treat Dyes In Model Wastewater, Byung-Moon Jun, Yeomin Yoon, Chang Min Park Aug 2019

Post-Treatment Of Nanofiltration Polyamide Membrane Through Alkali-Catalyzed Hydrolysis To Treat Dyes In Model Wastewater, Byung-Moon Jun, Yeomin Yoon, Chang Min Park

Faculty Publications

This research focused on the influence of post-treatment using alkali-catalyzed hydrolysis with a full-aromatic nanofiltration (NF) polyamide membrane and its application to the efficient removal of selected dyes. The post-treated membranes were characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, goniometry, and zeta-potential analysis to analyze the treatment-induced changes in the intrinsic properties of the membrane. Furthermore, the changes in permeability induced by the post-treatment were evaluated via the measurement of water flux, NaCl rejection, and molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) under different pH conditions and post-treatment times. Major changes induced by the post-treatment in terms of physicochemical properties were the enhancement of …

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Tumor Microbiome Diversity And Composition Influence Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes, E. Riquelme, Yu Zhang, Liangliang Zhang, M. Montiel, Michelle Zoltan, W. Dong, Pompeyo Quesada, I. Sahin, V. Chandra, Anthony San Lucas, Paul Scheet, Hanwen Xu, Samir M. Hanash, Lei Feng, Jared K. Burks, Kim Anh Do, Christine B. Peterson, Deborah Nejman, Ching Wei D. Tzeng, Michael P. Kim, Cynthia L. Sears Aug 2019

Tumor Microbiome Diversity And Composition Influence Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes, E. Riquelme, Yu Zhang, Liangliang Zhang, M. Montiel, Michelle Zoltan, W. Dong, Pompeyo Quesada, I. Sahin, V. Chandra, Anthony San Lucas, Paul Scheet, Hanwen Xu, Samir M. Hanash, Lei Feng, Jared K. Burks, Kim Anh Do, Christine B. Peterson, Deborah Nejman, Ching Wei D. Tzeng, Michael P. Kim, Cynthia L. Sears

Faculty Publications

Most patients diagnosed with resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) survive less than 5 years, but a minor subset survives longer. Here, we dissect the role of the tumor microbiota and the immune system in influencing long-term survival. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we analyzed the tumor microbiome composition in PDAC patients with short-term survival (STS) and long-term survival (LTS). We found higher alpha-diversity in the tumor microbiome of LTS patients and identified an intra-tumoral microbiome signature (Pseudoxanthomonas-Streptomyces-Saccharopolyspora-Bacillus clausii) highly predictive of long-term survivorship in both discovery and validation cohorts. Through human-into-mice fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments from STS, LTS, or control …

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Identifying Cancers For Cdk8/19 Inhibitor Therapy, Igor Roninson, Balázs Győrffy, Zachary T. Mack, Alexander A. Shtil, Michael S. Shtutman, Mengqian Chen, Eugenia Broude Aug 2019

Identifying Cancers For Cdk8/19 Inhibitor Therapy, Igor Roninson, Balázs Győrffy, Zachary T. Mack, Alexander A. Shtil, Michael S. Shtutman, Mengqian Chen, Eugenia Broude

Faculty Publications

CDK8 and CDK19 Mediator kinases are transcriptional co-regulators implicated in several types of cancer. Small-molecule CDK8/19 inhibitors have recently entered or are entering clinical trials, starting with breast cancer and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To identify other cancers where these novel drugs may provide benefit, we queried genomic and transcriptomic databases for potential impact of CDK8, CDK19, or their binding partner CCNC. sgRNA analysis of a panel of tumor cell lines showed that most tumor types represented in the panel, except for some central nervous system tumors, were not dependent on these genes. In contrast, analysis of clinical samples for …

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Tutorial: Are You My Neighbor?: Bringing Order To Neighbor Computing Problems, David Anastasiu, Huzefa Rangwala, Andrea Tagarelli Aug 2019

Tutorial: Are You My Neighbor?: Bringing Order To Neighbor Computing Problems, David Anastasiu, Huzefa Rangwala, Andrea Tagarelli

Faculty Publications

Finding nearest neighbors is an important topic that has attracted much attention over the years and has applications in many fields, such as market basket analysis, plagiarism and anomaly detection, community detection, ligand-based virtual screening, etc. As data are easier and easier to collect, finding neighbors has become a potential bottleneck in analysis pipelines. Performing pairwise comparisons given the massive datasets of today is no longer feasible. The high computational complexity of the task has led researchers to develop approximate methods, which find many but not all of the nearest neighbors. Yet, for some types of data, efficient exact solutions …

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The Effects Of Oil On Blue Crab And Periwinkle Snail Interactions: A Mesocosm Study, Elizabeth M. Robinson, Nancy N. Rabalais Aug 2019

The Effects Of Oil On Blue Crab And Periwinkle Snail Interactions: A Mesocosm Study, Elizabeth M. Robinson, Nancy N. Rabalais

Faculty Publications

We examined the sub-lethal effect of Macondo oil from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on predator-prey interactions using blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) and periwinkle snails (Littoraria irrorata). A 2 x 2 factorial mesocosm design determined the effect of oil (no oil vs. oil) and blue crabs (no blue crab predator vs. one blue crab predator) on periwinkle snail climbing and survival. Sixteen mesocosm tanks were used in the experiment, which were replicated three times. Each tank contained water, sand, and Spartina marsh stems. The sixteen tanks were divided between two, temperature-controlled chambers to separate oil treatments (no oil vs. oil). …

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Factors Influencing Blue Carbon Accumulation Across A 32‐Year Chronosequence Of Created Coastal Marshes, Katherine M. Abbott, Tracy Elsey‐Quirk, Ronald D. Delaune Aug 2019

Factors Influencing Blue Carbon Accumulation Across A 32‐Year Chronosequence Of Created Coastal Marshes, Katherine M. Abbott, Tracy Elsey‐Quirk, Ronald D. Delaune

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Spatial Variability Of Mangrove Primary Productivity In The Neotropics, Rafaela De Albuquerque Ribeiro, André Scarlate Rovai, Robert R. Twilley, Edward Castañeda-Moya Aug 2019

Spatial Variability Of Mangrove Primary Productivity In The Neotropics, Rafaela De Albuquerque Ribeiro, André Scarlate Rovai, Robert R. Twilley, Edward Castañeda-Moya

Faculty Publications

Mangroves are considered one of the most productive ecosystems in the world with significant contributions as carbon sinks in the biosphere. Yet few attempts have been made to assess global patterns in mangrove net primary productivity, except for a few assumptions relating litterfall rates to variation in latitude. We combined geophysical and climatic variables to predict mangrove litterfall rates at continental scale. On a per-area basis, carbon flux in litterfall in the neotropics is estimated at 5 MgC·ha−1·yr−1, between 20% and 50% higher than previous estimates. Annual carbon fixed in mangrove litterfall in the neotropics is …

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The Nopp140 Gene In Drosophila Melanogaster Displays Length Polymorphisms In Its Large Repetitive Second Exon, Patrick J. Dimario, Sonu Shrestha Baral Aug 2019

The Nopp140 Gene In Drosophila Melanogaster Displays Length Polymorphisms In Its Large Repetitive Second Exon, Patrick J. Dimario, Sonu Shrestha Baral

Faculty Publications

Nopp140, often called the nucleolar and Cajal body phosphoprotein (NOLC1), is an evolutionarily conserved chaperone for the transcription and processing of rRNA during ribosome subunit assembly. Metazoan Nopp140 contains an amino terminal LisH dimerization domain and a highly conserved carboxyl domain. A large central domain consists of alternating basic and acidic motifs of low sequence complexity. Orthologous versions of Nopp140 contain variable numbers of repeating basic-acidic units. While vertebrate Nopp140 genes use multiple exons to encode the central domain, the Nopp140 gene in Drosophila uses exclusively exon 2 to encode the central domain. Here, we define three overlapping repeat sequence …

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Assessing The Efficiency Of Alternative Best Management Practices To Reduce Nonpoint Source Pollution In A Rural Watershed Located In Louisiana, Usa, Bijay K. Pokhrel, Krishna P. Paudel Aug 2019

Assessing The Efficiency Of Alternative Best Management Practices To Reduce Nonpoint Source Pollution In A Rural Watershed Located In Louisiana, Usa, Bijay K. Pokhrel, Krishna P. Paudel

Faculty Publications

© 2019 by the authors. We conducted biophysical simulations using MapShed to determine the effects of adopting best management practices (BMPs) to reduce nutrients and sediment pollution in a watershed dominated by poultry production in the Saline Bayou Watershed, Louisiana, USA. The reduction of three water pollutants, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment from adopting different BMPs were assessed using a linear programming model with the cost minimization objective. We considered three weather scenarios (dry, normal, and wet) and BMP parameter efficiencies obtained from linear regression models. Optimization results showed that nutrient management and agricultural land retirement reduced most of the phosphorus …

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Synergistic Effects Of Temperature And Salinity On The Gene Expression And Physiology Of Crassostrea Virginica, H. R. Jones, K. M. Johnson, M. W. Kelly Aug 2019

Synergistic Effects Of Temperature And Salinity On The Gene Expression And Physiology Of Crassostrea Virginica, H. R. Jones, K. M. Johnson, M. W. Kelly

Faculty Publications

© 2019 The Author(s). The eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, forms reefs that provide critical services to the surrounding ecosystem. These reefs are at risk from climate change, in part because altered rainfall patterns may amplify local fluctuations in salinity, impacting oyster recruitment, survival, and growth. As in other marine organisms, warming water temperatures might interact with these changes in salinity to synergistically influence oyster physiology. In this study, we used comparative transcriptomics, measurements of physiology, and a field assessment to investigate what phenotypic changes C. virginica uses to cope with combined temperature and salinity stress in the Gulf of Mexico. …

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Light-Induced Release Of Nitric Oxide From The Nitric Oxide-Bound Cdgsh-Type [2fe–2s] Clusters In Mitochondrial Protein Miner2, Yiming Wang, Jeonghoon Lee, Huangen Ding Aug 2019

Light-Induced Release Of Nitric Oxide From The Nitric Oxide-Bound Cdgsh-Type [2fe–2s] Clusters In Mitochondrial Protein Miner2, Yiming Wang, Jeonghoon Lee, Huangen Ding

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Elsevier Inc. Human mitochondrial matrix protein Miner2 hosts two [2Fe–2S] clusters via two CDGSH (Cys-Asp-Gly-Ser-His) motifs. Unlike other iron-sulfur clusters in proteins, the reduced CDGSH-type [2Fe–2S] clusters in Miner2 are able to bind nitric oxide (NO) and form stable NO-bound [2Fe–2S] clusters without disruption of the clusters. Here we report that the NO-bound Miner2 [2Fe–2S] clusters can quickly release NO upon the visible light excitation. The UV–visible and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements show that the NO-bound Miner2 [2Fe–2S] clusters are converted to the reduced Miner2 [2Fe–2S] clusters upon the light excitation under anaerobic conditions, suggesting that NO …

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The Association Between Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors And 25-Hydroxivitamin D And Related Analytes Among Hispanic/Latino Adults: A Pilot Study, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, Reyna L. Pacheco-Dominguez, Christopher T. Sempos, Holly Kramer, Andrew N. Hoofnagle, Amber Pirzada, Richard S. Cooper, Martha L. Daviglus Aug 2019

The Association Between Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors And 25-Hydroxivitamin D And Related Analytes Among Hispanic/Latino Adults: A Pilot Study, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, Reyna L. Pacheco-Dominguez, Christopher T. Sempos, Holly Kramer, Andrew N. Hoofnagle, Amber Pirzada, Richard S. Cooper, Martha L. Daviglus

Faculty Publications

Although the association of vitamin D levels with cardiovascular risk profiles among Hispanics/Latinos has been studied, little is known about this association among Hispanics/Latinos with chronic conditions. This pilot study determined serum vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in a sample of participants from the University of Illinois at the Chicago Cohort of Patients, Family and Friends (UIC Cohort) and examined their association with traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. From July 2012 to June 2016, the UIC Cohort study enrolled and conducted clinical examinations on men and women ages 18 years and older, who had one or more diagnosed …

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A Multi-Ancestry Genome-Wide Study Incorporating Gene-Smoking Interactions Identifies Multiple New Loci For Pulse Pressure And Mean Arterial Pressure, Yun Ju Sung, Lisa De Las Fuentes, Thomas W. Winkler, Daniel I. Chasman, Amy R. Bentley, Aldi T. Kraja, Ioanna Ntalla, Helen R. Warren, Xiuqing Guo, Karen Schwander, Alisa K. Manning, Michael R. Brown, Hugues Aschard, Mary F. Feitosa, Nora Franceschini, Yingchang Lu, Ching Yu Cheng, Xueling Sim, Dina Vojinovic, Jonathan Marten, Solomon K. Musani, Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen, Melissa A. Richard, Stella Aslibekyan, Traci M. Bartz, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Changwei Li, Yongmei Liu, Tuomo Rankinen, Albert Vernon Smith, Salman M. Tajuddin, Bamidele O. Tayo, Wei Zhao Aug 2019

A Multi-Ancestry Genome-Wide Study Incorporating Gene-Smoking Interactions Identifies Multiple New Loci For Pulse Pressure And Mean Arterial Pressure, Yun Ju Sung, Lisa De Las Fuentes, Thomas W. Winkler, Daniel I. Chasman, Amy R. Bentley, Aldi T. Kraja, Ioanna Ntalla, Helen R. Warren, Xiuqing Guo, Karen Schwander, Alisa K. Manning, Michael R. Brown, Hugues Aschard, Mary F. Feitosa, Nora Franceschini, Yingchang Lu, Ching Yu Cheng, Xueling Sim, Dina Vojinovic, Jonathan Marten, Solomon K. Musani, Tuomas O. Kilpeläinen, Melissa A. Richard, Stella Aslibekyan, Traci M. Bartz, Rajkumar Dorajoo, Changwei Li, Yongmei Liu, Tuomo Rankinen, Albert Vernon Smith, Salman M. Tajuddin, Bamidele O. Tayo, Wei Zhao

Faculty Publications

Elevated blood pressure (BP), a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, is influenced by both genetic and lifestyle factors. Cigarette smoking is one such lifestyle factor. Across five ancestries, we performed a genome-wide gene-smoking interaction study of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse pressure (PP) in 129 913 individuals in stage 1 and follow-up analysis in 480 178 additional individuals in stage 2. We report here 136 loci significantly associated with MAP and/or PP. Of these, 61 were previously published through main-effect analysis of BP traits, 37 were recently reported by us for systolic BP and/or diastolic BP through …

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From Pampa To Puna: Biogeography And Diversification Of A Group Of Neotropical Obligate Grassland Birds (Anthus: Motacillidae), Paul Van Els Aug 2019

From Pampa To Puna: Biogeography And Diversification Of A Group Of Neotropical Obligate Grassland Birds (Anthus: Motacillidae), Paul Van Els

Faculty Publications

The evolution of Neotropical birds of open landscapes remains largely unstudied. We investigate the diversification and biogeography of a group of Neotropical obligate grassland birds (Anthus: Motacillidae). We use a multilocus phylogeny of 22 taxa of Anthus to test the hypothesis that these birds radiated contemporaneously with the development of grasslands in South America. We employ the R package DDD to analyze the dynamics of Anthus diversification across time in Neotropical grasslands, explicitly testing for shifts in dynamics associated with the Miocene development of grasslands, the putative Pleistocene expansion of arid lowland biomes, and Pleistocene sundering of Andean highland grasslands. …

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Dynamics Of Liposomes In The Fluid Phase, Sudipta Gupta, Judith U. De Mel, Gerald J. Schneider Aug 2019

Dynamics Of Liposomes In The Fluid Phase, Sudipta Gupta, Judith U. De Mel, Gerald J. Schneider

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd We review the currently available material on the morphology and dynamics of phospholipids assembled into liposomes. Key information obtained from neutron scattering, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and other techniques plays a crucial role in understanding the vital role of lipids in sustaining life in living organisms. We concentrate on the dynamics in the biologically important fluid phase in the time range from picoseconds to seconds, which includes a discussion of the center of mass diffusion of liposomes, membrane fluctuations; and lateral, rotational, and flip-flop motions of the lipids. We emphasize on the sensitivity of the dynamics …

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Flood Protection Ecosystem Services In The Coast Of Puerto Rico: Associations Between Extreme Weather, Flood Hazard Mitigation And Gastrointestinal Illness, R. De Jesus Crespo, J. Wu, M. Myer, S. Yee, R. Fulford Aug 2019

Flood Protection Ecosystem Services In The Coast Of Puerto Rico: Associations Between Extreme Weather, Flood Hazard Mitigation And Gastrointestinal Illness, R. De Jesus Crespo, J. Wu, M. Myer, S. Yee, R. Fulford

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Bluebills And Bayou Bivalves: Hurricane-Driven Trophic Cascades Affect Wintering Abundance Of Lesser Scaup In Louisiana, Clay M. Stroud, Claire E. Caputo, Michael A. Poirrier, Larry A. Reynolds, Kevin M. Ringelman Aug 2019

Bluebills And Bayou Bivalves: Hurricane-Driven Trophic Cascades Affect Wintering Abundance Of Lesser Scaup In Louisiana, Clay M. Stroud, Claire E. Caputo, Michael A. Poirrier, Larry A. Reynolds, Kevin M. Ringelman

Faculty Publications

The estuaries of coastal Louisiana overwinter a continentally significant proportion of Lesser Scaup (Aythya affinis; colloquially, “bluebills”), a migratory bird species of conservation concern since population declines began in the 1980s. Thirty-eight years of aerial waterfowl surveys of Lake Pontchartrain—an oligohaline estuarine lagoon in southeast Louisiana—show that scaup abundance fluctuates between 0 and 1,194,907 birds, though the mechanisms driving this variation are unknown. Previous studies have shown that scaup feed primarily on mollusks, and so changes in the benthic prey community have the potential to strongly influence scaup dynamics on the Lake. Benthic communities are in turn shaped by both …

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A Comprehensive Evaluation Of Predictive Performance Of 33 Species Distribution Models At Species And Community Levels, Anna Norberg, Nerea Abrego, F. Guillaume Blanchet, Frederick R. Adler, Barbara J. Anderson, Jani Anttila, Miguel B. Araújo, Tad Dallas, David Dunson, Jane Elith, Scott D. Foster, Richard Fox, Janet Franklin, William Godsoe, Antoine Guisan, Bob O'Hara, Nicole A. Hill, Robert D. Holt, Francis K.C. Hui, Magne Husby, John Atle Kålås, Aleksi Lehikoinen, Miska Luoto, Heidi K. Mod, Graeme Newell, Ian Renner, Tomas Roslin, Janne Soininen, Wilfried Thuiller, Jarno Vanhatalo, David Warton, Matt White, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Dominque Gravel, Otso Ovaskainen Aug 2019

A Comprehensive Evaluation Of Predictive Performance Of 33 Species Distribution Models At Species And Community Levels, Anna Norberg, Nerea Abrego, F. Guillaume Blanchet, Frederick R. Adler, Barbara J. Anderson, Jani Anttila, Miguel B. Araújo, Tad Dallas, David Dunson, Jane Elith, Scott D. Foster, Richard Fox, Janet Franklin, William Godsoe, Antoine Guisan, Bob O'Hara, Nicole A. Hill, Robert D. Holt, Francis K.C. Hui, Magne Husby, John Atle Kålås, Aleksi Lehikoinen, Miska Luoto, Heidi K. Mod, Graeme Newell, Ian Renner, Tomas Roslin, Janne Soininen, Wilfried Thuiller, Jarno Vanhatalo, David Warton, Matt White, Niklaus E. Zimmermann, Dominque Gravel, Otso Ovaskainen

Faculty Publications

A large array of species distribution model (SDM) approaches has been developed for explaining and predicting the occurrences of individual species or species assemblages. Given the wealth of existing models, it is unclear which models perform best for interpolation or extrapolation of existing data sets, particularly when one is concerned with species assemblages. We compared the predictive performance of 33 variants of 15 widely applied and recently emerged SDMs in the context of multispecies data, including both joint SDMs that model multiple species together, and stacked SDMs that model each species individually combining the predictions afterward. We offer a comprehensive …

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Deep Learning-Based Structure-Activity Relationship Modeling For Multi-Category Toxicity Classification: A Case Study Of 10k Tox21 Chemicals With High-Throughput Cell-Based Androgen Receptor Bioassay Data, Gabriel Idakwo, Sundar Thangapandian, Joseph Luttrell Iv, Zhaoxian Zhou, Chaoyang Zhang, Ping Gong Aug 2019

Deep Learning-Based Structure-Activity Relationship Modeling For Multi-Category Toxicity Classification: A Case Study Of 10k Tox21 Chemicals With High-Throughput Cell-Based Androgen Receptor Bioassay Data, Gabriel Idakwo, Sundar Thangapandian, Joseph Luttrell Iv, Zhaoxian Zhou, Chaoyang Zhang, Ping Gong

Faculty Publications

Deep learning (DL) has attracted the attention of computational toxicologists as it offers a potentially greater power for in silico predictive toxicology than existing shallow learning algorithms. However, contradicting reports have been documented. To further explore the advantages of DL over shallow learning, we conducted this case study using two cell-based androgen receptor (AR) activity datasets with 10K chemicals generated from the Tox21 program. A nested double-loop cross-validation approach was adopted along with a stratified sampling strategy for partitioning chemicals of multiple AR activity classes (i.e., agonist, antagonist, inactive, and inconclusive) at the same distribution rates amongst the training, validation …

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Amphibious Entrepreneurs And The Origins Of Invention, Kurt Sandholtz, Walter W. Powell Aug 2019

Amphibious Entrepreneurs And The Origins Of Invention, Kurt Sandholtz, Walter W. Powell

Faculty Publications

In this chapter, we examine entrepreneurs who carry ideas, technologies, values, and assumptions between previously unrelated spheres of economic or cultural activity, and in the process, change the existing order of things. We label such individuals amphibious entrepreneurs and explore their characteristics via four case studies. Their stories suggest a distinct species within the genus of entrepreneur: more pragmatic than heroic, and as likely to invent by not knowing any better as by calculative creation. We discuss their role in creating interstitial spaces, contrast them to other boundary-spanning actors, and identify directions for future research at the intersection of social …

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