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Hydroxychloroquine Prophylaxis For Covid-19, David D. Busath Oct 2020

Hydroxychloroquine Prophylaxis For Covid-19, David D. Busath

Faculty Publications

It is common in medicine that simple, inexpensive remedies are held hostage to medical prejudice, financial or political interest, and legal precedent. The purpose of this review is to take the point of view of the victims of COVID-19 and address whether scientific information, including randomized-control trials, can answer whether the hydroxychloroquine should be dispensed for those testing positive and their immediate recent contacts at the point of testing. Although the FDA in the United States is yet to be convinced, the demonstration of positive effects in clinical trials cannot be ignored and there is a large amount of information …

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The Role Of Sediment-Induced Light Attenuation On Primary Production During Hurricane Gustav (2008), Zhengchen Zang, Z. George Xue, Kehui Xu, Samuel J. Bentley, Qin Chen, Eurico J. D'Sa, Le Zhang, Yanda Ou Oct 2020

The Role Of Sediment-Induced Light Attenuation On Primary Production During Hurricane Gustav (2008), Zhengchen Zang, Z. George Xue, Kehui Xu, Samuel J. Bentley, Qin Chen, Eurico J. D'Sa, Le Zhang, Yanda Ou

Faculty Publications

We introduced a sediment-induced light attenuation algorithm into a biogeochemical model of the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system. A fully coupled ocean-atmospheric-sediment-biogeochemical simulation was carried out to assess the impact of sediment-induced light attenuation on primary production in the northern Gulf of Mexico during the passage of Hurricane Gustav in 2008. When compared with model results without sediment-induced light attenuation, our new model showed a better agreement with satellite data on both the magnitude of nearshore chlorophyll concentration and the spatial distribution of offshore bloom. When Hurricane Gustav approached, resuspended sediment shifted the inner shelf ecosystem from a nutrient-limited …

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The Role Of Sediment-Induced Light Attenuation On Primary Production During Hurricane Gustav (2008), Zhengchen Zang, Z. George Xue, Kehui Xu, Samuel J. Bentley, Qin Chen, Eurico J. D'Sa, Le Zhang, Yanda Ou Oct 2020

The Role Of Sediment-Induced Light Attenuation On Primary Production During Hurricane Gustav (2008), Zhengchen Zang, Z. George Xue, Kehui Xu, Samuel J. Bentley, Qin Chen, Eurico J. D'Sa, Le Zhang, Yanda Ou

Faculty Publications

© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. We introduced a sediment-induced light attenuation algorithm into a biogeochemical model of the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system. A fully coupled ocean-atmospheric- sediment-biogeochemical simulation was carried out to assess the impact of sediment-induced light attenuation on primary production in the northern Gulf of Mexico during the passage of Hurricane Gustav in 2008. When compared with model results without sediment-induced light attenuation, our new model showed a better agreement with satellite data on both the magnitude of nearshore chlorophyll concentration and the spatial distribution of offshore …

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Evaluation Of An Immunomodulatory Probiotic Intervention For Veterans With Co-Occurring Mild Traumatic Brain Injury And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Pilot Study, Lisa A. Brenner, Jeri E. Forster, Kelly A. Stearns-Yoder, Christopher E. Stamper, Andrew J. Hoisington, Diana P. Brostow, Merideth Mealer, Hal S. Wortzel, Teodor T. Postolache, Christopher A. Lowry Oct 2020

Evaluation Of An Immunomodulatory Probiotic Intervention For Veterans With Co-Occurring Mild Traumatic Brain Injury And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Pilot Study, Lisa A. Brenner, Jeri E. Forster, Kelly A. Stearns-Yoder, Christopher E. Stamper, Andrew J. Hoisington, Diana P. Brostow, Merideth Mealer, Hal S. Wortzel, Teodor T. Postolache, Christopher A. Lowry

Faculty Publications

Background: US military Veterans returned from Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation New Dawn (OEF/OIF/OND) with symptoms associated with mild traumatic brain injury [mTBI; i.e., persistent post-concussive (PPC) symptoms] and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Interventions aimed at addressing symptoms associated with both physical and psychological stressors (e.g., PPC and PTSD symptoms) are needed. This study was conducted to assess the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of a probiotic intervention, as well as to begin the process of evaluating potential biological outcomes.

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Life And Death In The Chicxulub Impact Crater: A Record Of The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, Vann Smith, Sophie Warny, Kliti Grice, Bettina Schaefer, Michael T. Whalen, Johan Vellekoop, Elise Chenot, Sean P.S. Gulick, Ignacio Arenillas, Jose A. Arz, Thorsten Bauersachs, Timothy Bralower, Francois Demory, Jerome Gattacceca, Heather Jones, Johanna Lofi, Christopher M. Lowery, Joanna Morgan, Noelia B. Nuñez Otaño, Jennifer M.K. O'Keefe, Katherine O'Malley, Francisco J. Rodríguez-Tovar, Lorenz Schwark Oct 2020

Life And Death In The Chicxulub Impact Crater: A Record Of The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, Vann Smith, Sophie Warny, Kliti Grice, Bettina Schaefer, Michael T. Whalen, Johan Vellekoop, Elise Chenot, Sean P.S. Gulick, Ignacio Arenillas, Jose A. Arz, Thorsten Bauersachs, Timothy Bralower, Francois Demory, Jerome Gattacceca, Heather Jones, Johanna Lofi, Christopher M. Lowery, Joanna Morgan, Noelia B. Nuñez Otaño, Jennifer M.K. O'Keefe, Katherine O'Malley, Francisco J. Rodríguez-Tovar, Lorenz Schwark

Faculty Publications

© 2020 Royal Society of Chemistry. All rights reserved. Thermal stress on the biosphere during the extreme warmth of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was most severe at low latitudes, with sea surface temperatures at some localities exceeding the 35 C at which marine organisms experience heat stress. Relatively few equivalent terrestrial sections have been identified, and the response of land plants to this extreme heat is still poorly understood. Here, we present a new record of the PETM from the peak ring of the Chicxulub impact crater that has been identified based on nannofossil biostratigraphy, an acme of the …

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Sampling Density And Date Along With Species Selection Influence Spatial Representation Of Tree-Ring Reconstructions, Justin T. Maxwell, Grant L. Harley, Trevis J. Matheus, Brandon M. Strange, Kayla Van Aken, Tsun Fung Au, Joshua C. Bregy Oct 2020

Sampling Density And Date Along With Species Selection Influence Spatial Representation Of Tree-Ring Reconstructions, Justin T. Maxwell, Grant L. Harley, Trevis J. Matheus, Brandon M. Strange, Kayla Van Aken, Tsun Fung Au, Joshua C. Bregy

Faculty Publications

© 2020 Royal Society of Chemistry. All rights reserved. Our understanding of the natural variability of hydroclimate before the instrumental period (ca. 1900 CE in the United States) is largely dependent on tree-ring-based reconstructions. Large-scale soil moisture reconstructions from a network of tree-ring chronologies have greatly improved our understanding of the spatial and temporal variability in hydroclimate conditions, particularly extremes of both drought and pluvial (wet) events. However, certain regions within these large-scale network reconstructions in the US are modeled by few tree-ring chronologies. Further, many of the chronologies currently publicly available on the International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB) were …

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Bruce Gates: A Career In Catalysis, Cawas Cooper, Kerry M. Dooley, Juan C. Fierro-Gonzalez, Javier Guzman, Rolf Jentoft, H. Henry Lamb, Isao Ogino, Ron C. Runnebaum, Ajit Sapre, Alper Uzun Oct 2020

Bruce Gates: A Career In Catalysis, Cawas Cooper, Kerry M. Dooley, Juan C. Fierro-Gonzalez, Javier Guzman, Rolf Jentoft, H. Henry Lamb, Isao Ogino, Ron C. Runnebaum, Ajit Sapre, Alper Uzun

Faculty Publications

On the occasion of his 80th birthday, we take stock of the remarkable and ongoing career of Professor Bruce C. Gates. This Account highlights his key scientific achievements in three areas of significance: supported metal clusters and atomically dispersed metal complexes, hydroprocessing reaction networks and catalysts, and strong acid catalysis. His contributions in all three areas are noteworthy and have been sustained over 50 years. The work of his group evolved from mainly catalyst synthesis and reaction studies to also incorporate sophisticated characterization techniques based on X-ray absorption spectroscopies and improved scanning transmission electron microscopic examination of catalytic surfaces. In …

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Distribution Of Aromatase In The Brain Of The African Cichlid Fish Astatotilapia Burtoni: Aromatase Expression, But Not Estrogen Receptors, Varies With Female Reproductive-State, Karen P. Maruska, Julie M. Butler, Chase Anselmo, Ganga Tandukar Oct 2020

Distribution Of Aromatase In The Brain Of The African Cichlid Fish Astatotilapia Burtoni: Aromatase Expression, But Not Estrogen Receptors, Varies With Female Reproductive-State, Karen P. Maruska, Julie M. Butler, Chase Anselmo, Ganga Tandukar

Faculty Publications

© 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Estrogen synthesis and signaling in the brains of vertebrates has pleotropic effects ranging from neurogenesis to modulation of behaviors. The majority of studies on brain-derived estrogens focus on males, but estrogenic signaling in females likely plays important roles in regulation of reproductive cycling and social behaviors. We used females of the mouth brooding African cichlid fish, Astatotilapia burtoni, to test for reproductive state-dependent changes in estrogenic signaling capacity within microdissected brain nuclei that are important for social behaviors. Expression levels of the rate-limiting enzyme aromatase, but not estrogen receptors, measured by qPCR changes across the …

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Neural Activation Patterns Associated With Maternal Mouthbrooding And Energetic State In An African Cichlid Fish, Karen P. Maruska, Julie M. Butler, Karen E. Field, Christopher Forester, Ashley Augustus Oct 2020

Neural Activation Patterns Associated With Maternal Mouthbrooding And Energetic State In An African Cichlid Fish, Karen P. Maruska, Julie M. Butler, Karen E. Field, Christopher Forester, Ashley Augustus

Faculty Publications

© 2020 IBRO Parental care is widespread in the animal kingdom, but for many species, provisioning energetic resources must be balanced with trade-offs between self-promoting and offspring-promoting behaviors. However, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying these motivational decisions. Mouthbrooding is an extreme form of parental care most common in fishes that provides an ideal opportunity to examine which brain regions are involved in parenting and energetics. The African cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni is a maternal mouthbrooder in which females hold developing young inside their mouths for 2 weeks. This brood care makes feeding impossible, so females undergo obligatory …

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Framework For A Community Health Observing System For The Gulf Of Mexico Region: Preparing For Future Disasters, Paul Sandifer, Landon Knapp, Maureen Lichtveld, Ruth Manley, David Abramson, Rex Caffey, David Cochran, Tracy Collier, Kristie Ebi, Lawrence Engel, John Farrington, Melissa Finucane, Christine Hale, David Halpern, Emily Harville, Leslie Hart, Yulin Hswen, Barbara Kirkpatrick, Bruce Mcewen, Glenn Morris, Raymond Orbach, Lawrence Palinkas, Melissa Partyka, Dwayne Porter, Aric A. Prather, Teresa Rowles, Geoffrey Scott, Teresa Seeman, Helena Solo-Gabriele, Erik Svendsen, Terry Tincher, Juli Trtanj, Ann Hayward Walker Oct 2020

Framework For A Community Health Observing System For The Gulf Of Mexico Region: Preparing For Future Disasters, Paul Sandifer, Landon Knapp, Maureen Lichtveld, Ruth Manley, David Abramson, Rex Caffey, David Cochran, Tracy Collier, Kristie Ebi, Lawrence Engel, John Farrington, Melissa Finucane, Christine Hale, David Halpern, Emily Harville, Leslie Hart, Yulin Hswen, Barbara Kirkpatrick, Bruce Mcewen, Glenn Morris, Raymond Orbach, Lawrence Palinkas, Melissa Partyka, Dwayne Porter, Aric A. Prather, Teresa Rowles, Geoffrey Scott, Teresa Seeman, Helena Solo-Gabriele, Erik Svendsen, Terry Tincher, Juli Trtanj, Ann Hayward Walker

Faculty Publications

© Copyright © 2020 Sandifer, Knapp, Lichtveld, Manley, Abramson, Caffey, Cochran, Collier, Ebi, Engel, Farrington, Finucane, Hale, Halpern, Harville, Hart, Hswen, Kirkpatrick, McEwen, Morris, Orbach, Palinkas, Partyka, Porter, Prather, Rowles, Scott, Seeman, Solo-Gabriele, Svendsen, Tincher, Trtanj, Walker, Yehuda, Yip, Yoskowitz and Singer. The Gulf of Mexico (GoM) region is prone to disasters, including recurrent oil spills, hurricanes, floods, industrial accidents, harmful algal blooms, and the current COVID-19 pandemic. The GoM and other regions of the U.S. lack sufficient baseline health information to identify, attribute, mitigate, and facilitate prevention of major health effects of disasters. Developing capacity to assess adverse human …

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Identification Of A Novel Endornavirus In Geranium Carolinianum And Occurrence Within Three Agroecosystems, Rachel Herschlag, Ryo Okada, Ricardo Iván Alcalá-Briseño, Eliezer Rodrigues De Souto, Rodrigo A. Valverde Oct 2020

Identification Of A Novel Endornavirus In Geranium Carolinianum And Occurrence Within Three Agroecosystems, Rachel Herschlag, Ryo Okada, Ricardo Iván Alcalá-Briseño, Eliezer Rodrigues De Souto, Rodrigo A. Valverde

Faculty Publications

A putative endornavirus was detected in Carolina geranium (Geranium carolinianum) in Louisiana, USA. The virus was provisionally named Geranium carolinianum endornavirus 1 (GcEV1). The viral RNA was sequenced, and it consisted of 14,625 nt containing a single ORF coding a putative polyprotein of 4815 aa with conserved domains for a helicase 1, peptidase C97, glycosyl transferase GTB-type, and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 2. The 5′end consisted of 130 nt while the 3′end consisted of 54 nt ending in nine cytosine residues. The closest relative to GcEV1 was Phaseolus vulgaris endornavirus 3. In phylogenetic analyses, GcEV1 clustered with members of the genus …

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High-Temperature Resistant Water-Soluble Polymers Derived From Exotic Amino Acids, Sumant Dwivedi, Aniruddha Nag, Shigeki Sakamoto, Yasuyoshi Funahashi, Toyohiro Harimoto, Kenji Takada, Tatsuo Kaneko Oct 2020

High-Temperature Resistant Water-Soluble Polymers Derived From Exotic Amino Acids, Sumant Dwivedi, Aniruddha Nag, Shigeki Sakamoto, Yasuyoshi Funahashi, Toyohiro Harimoto, Kenji Takada, Tatsuo Kaneko

Faculty Publications

© The Royal Society of Chemistry. High-performance water-soluble polymers have a wide range of applications from engineering materials to biomedical plastics. However, existing materials are either natural polymers that lack high thermostability or rigid synthetic polymers. Therefore, we design an amino acid-derived building block, 4,4′-diamino-α-truxillate dianion (4ATA2−), that induces water solubility in high-performance polymers. Polyimides containing 4ATA2− units are intrinsically water-soluble and are processed into films cast from an aqueous solution. The resulting polyimide films exhibit exceptional transparency and extremely high thermal stability. In addition, the films can be made insoluble in water by simple post-treatment using …

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Language Matters: Examining The Language-Related Needs And Wants Of Writers In A First-Year University Writing Course, Grant Eckstein, Dana Ferris Oct 2020

Language Matters: Examining The Language-Related Needs And Wants Of Writers In A First-Year University Writing Course, Grant Eckstein, Dana Ferris

Faculty Publications

All writing involves complex linguistic knowledge and thoughtful decision-making. But where do students acquire the linguistic tools needed to write effectively? Many students come from diverse backgrounds and may need additional support and/or instruction in language and grammar. In order to better understand this situation, we conducted a qualitative multiple-case study to examine the experiences of 12 students in a first-year university-level composition course to understand the extent of their diverse learning backgrounds and language needs and expectations. We synthesized information from surveys, interviews, and written texts into narratives about each student’s attitudes toward language and writing and also examined …

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Toxoplasma Gondii Seropositivity And Serointensity And Cognitive Function In Adults, Bruce L. Brown, Shawn D. Gale, Lance D. Erickson, Evan L. Thacker, Elizabeth L. Mitchell, Dawson W. Hedges Oct 2020

Toxoplasma Gondii Seropositivity And Serointensity And Cognitive Function In Adults, Bruce L. Brown, Shawn D. Gale, Lance D. Erickson, Evan L. Thacker, Elizabeth L. Mitchell, Dawson W. Hedges

Faculty Publications

Infecting approximately one-third of the world’s human population, Toxoplasma gondii has been associated with cognitive function. Here, we sought to further characterize the association between Toxoplasma gondii and cognitive function in a community sample of adults aged approximately 40 to70 years. Using adjusted linear regression models, we found associations of Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity with worse reasoning (b = -.192, p < .05) and matrix pattern completion (b = -.681, p < .01), of higher anti-Toxoplasma gondii p22 antibody levels with worse reasoning (b = -.078, p < .01) and slower Trails (numeric) performance (b = 5.962, p < .05), of higher anti-Toxoplasma gondii sag1 levels with worse reasoning (b = -.081, p < .05) and worse matrix pattern completion (b = -.217, p < .05), and of higher mean of the anti-Toxoplasma gondii p22 and sag1 levels with worse reasoning (b = -.112, p < .05), slower Trails (numeric) performance (b = 9.195, p < .05), and worse matrix pattern completion (b = -.245, p < .05). Neither age nor educational attainment moderated associations between the measures of Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity or serointensity. Sex, however, moderated the association between the sag1 titer and digit-symbol substitution and the association between the mean of the p22 and sag1 levels and digit-symbol substitution, and income moderated the association between Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and numeric memory and the association between the p22 level and symbol-digit substitution. Based on the available neuropsychological tasks in this study, Toxoplasma gondii seropositivity and serointensity were associated with some aspects of poorer executive function in adults.

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A Review Of Integrative Imputation For Multi-Omics Datasets, Meng Song, Jonathan Greenbaum, Joseph Luttrell, Weihua Zhou, Chong Wu, Hui Shen, Ping Gong, Chaoyang Zhang, Hong Wen Deng Oct 2020

A Review Of Integrative Imputation For Multi-Omics Datasets, Meng Song, Jonathan Greenbaum, Joseph Luttrell, Weihua Zhou, Chong Wu, Hui Shen, Ping Gong, Chaoyang Zhang, Hong Wen Deng

Faculty Publications

Multi-omics studies, which explore the interactions between multiple types of biological factors, have significant advantages over single-omics analysis for their ability to provide a more holistic view of biological processes, uncover the causal and functional mechanisms for complex diseases, and facilitate new discoveries in precision medicine. However, omics datasets often contain missing values, and in multi-omics study designs it is common for individuals to be represented for some omics layers but not all. Since most statistical analyses cannot be applied directly to the incomplete datasets, imputation is typically performed to infer the missing values. Integrative imputation techniques which make use …

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Pinning The Conformation Of A Protein (Cora) In A Solute Matrix With Selective Binding, Warin Rangubpit, Sunan Kitjaruwankul, Pornthep Sompornpisut, R. B. Pandey Oct 2020

Pinning The Conformation Of A Protein (Cora) In A Solute Matrix With Selective Binding, Warin Rangubpit, Sunan Kitjaruwankul, Pornthep Sompornpisut, R. B. Pandey

Faculty Publications

Conformation of a protein (CorA) is examined in a matrix with mobile solute constituents as a function of solute–residue interaction strength (f) by a coarse-grained model with a Monte Carlo simulation. Solute particles are found to reach their targeted residue due to their unique interactions with the residues. Degree of slowing down of the protein depends on the interaction strength f. Unlike a predictable dependence of the radius of gyration of the same protein on interaction in an effective medium, it does not show a systematic dependence on interaction due to pinning caused by the solute binding. …

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Tunable Dual Plasmon-Induced Transparency Based On A Monolayer Graphene Metamaterial And Its Terahertz Sensing Performance, Jiahao Ge, Chenglong You, He Feng, Xiaoman Li, Mei Wang, Lifeng Dong, Georgios Veronis, Maojin Yun Oct 2020

Tunable Dual Plasmon-Induced Transparency Based On A Monolayer Graphene Metamaterial And Its Terahertz Sensing Performance, Jiahao Ge, Chenglong You, He Feng, Xiaoman Li, Mei Wang, Lifeng Dong, Georgios Veronis, Maojin Yun

Faculty Publications

In this paper, tunable dual plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) is achieved by using a monolayer graphene metamaterial in the terahertz region, which consists of two graphene strips of different sizes and a graphene ring. As the dual PIT effect is induced by the destructive interference between the two quasi-dark modes and the bright mode, we propose a four-level plasmonic system based on the linearly coupled Lorentzian oscillators to explain the mechanism behind the dual PIT. It is proved that the theoretical results agree well with the simulation results. Most importantly, the sensing properties of the designed device have been investigated in …

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Reconstruction Of Piñon–Juniper Woodlands In The Sky Islands Of The Davis Mountains, Texas, Usa, Mohammad Bataineh, Brian P. Oswald, Hans M. Williams, Dan Unger, I-Kuai Hung Oct 2020

Reconstruction Of Piñon–Juniper Woodlands In The Sky Islands Of The Davis Mountains, Texas, Usa, Mohammad Bataineh, Brian P. Oswald, Hans M. Williams, Dan Unger, I-Kuai Hung

Faculty Publications

Piñon (Pinus spp. L.)–juniper (Juniperus spp. L.) woodlands’ historical stand structures were recreated to provide reference conditions and document long‐term changes in the Sky Islands of the Davis Mountains, Texas. Restoration of these isolated woodlands requires insights into the range of variability in current and historical stand structures, as well as an understanding of the spatiotemporal establishment and recruitment patterns of tree species. With drastic changes in forests and woodlands of the Southwestern United States widely reported, the main objective of this study was to reconstruct woodland tree temporal and spatial establishment patterns. A stratified random sampling approach was used …

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Electronic Self‐Reporting: Angler Attitudes And Behaviors In The Recreational Red Snapper Fishery, Stephen R. Midway, Jason Adriance, Patrick Banks, Sepp Haukebo, Rex Caffey Oct 2020

Electronic Self‐Reporting: Angler Attitudes And Behaviors In The Recreational Red Snapper Fishery, Stephen R. Midway, Jason Adriance, Patrick Banks, Sepp Haukebo, Rex Caffey

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Ideas And Perspectives: The Same Carbon Behaves Like Different Elements - An Insight Into Position-Specific Isotope Distributions, Yuyang He, Xiaobin Cao, Huiming Bao Oct 2020

Ideas And Perspectives: The Same Carbon Behaves Like Different Elements - An Insight Into Position-Specific Isotope Distributions, Yuyang He, Xiaobin Cao, Huiming Bao

Faculty Publications

It is expected that information on the source, reaction pathway, and reaction kinetics of an organic compound can be obtained from its position-specific isotope compositions or intramolecular isotope distribution (Intra-ID). To retrieve the information, we could use its predicted equilibrium Intra-ID as a reference for understanding the observed Intra-IDs. Historically, observed, apparently close-to-equilibrium carbon Intra-ID has prompted an open debate on the nature of biosystems and specifically the pervasiveness of reversible biochemical reactions. Much of the debate remains unresolved, and the discussion has not clearly distinguished between two states of equilibrium: (1) the equilibrium among the corresponding bond-breaking and bond-forming …

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The Dynamic Trophic Niche Of An Island Bird Of Prey, Ulises Balza, Nicolas A. Lois, Michael J. Polito, Klemens Puetz, Amira Saalom, Andrea Raya Rey Oct 2020

The Dynamic Trophic Niche Of An Island Bird Of Prey, Ulises Balza, Nicolas A. Lois, Michael J. Polito, Klemens Puetz, Amira Saalom, Andrea Raya Rey

Faculty Publications

Optimal foraging theory predicts an inverse relationship between the availability of preferred prey and niche width in animals. Moreover, when individuals within a population have identical prey preferences and preferred prey is scarce, a nested pattern of trophic niche is expected if opportunistic and selective individuals can be identified. Here, we examined intraspecific variation in the trophic niche of a resident population of striated caracara (Phalcoboenus australis) on Isla de los Estados (Staten Island), Argentina, using pellet and stable isotope analyses. While this raptor specializes on seabird prey, we assessed this population's potential to forage on terrestrial prey, especially invasive …

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Fish Assemblages Associated With Artificial Reefs Assessed Using Multiple Gear Types In The Northwest Gulf Of Mexico, Jeffrey D. Plumlee, Kaylan M. Dance, Michael A. Dance, Hay R. Rooker, Thomas C. Tinhan, J. Brooke Shipley, R. J. David Wells Oct 2020

Fish Assemblages Associated With Artificial Reefs Assessed Using Multiple Gear Types In The Northwest Gulf Of Mexico, Jeffrey D. Plumlee, Kaylan M. Dance, Michael A. Dance, Hay R. Rooker, Thomas C. Tinhan, J. Brooke Shipley, R. J. David Wells

Faculty Publications

Quantitative surveys of fishes associated with artificial reefs in the northwest Gulf of Mexico were conducted over a 4-yr period (2014-2017). Artificial reefs surveyed were comprised of three types: concrete structures, rig jackets, and decommissioned ships. All reefs were surveyed using vertical long line ( VLL), fish traps, and Adaptive Resolution Imaging Sonar (ARIS 1800). Mean fish abundance did not significantly differ using VLL [1.7 ind set(-1) (SD 2.2)] among the three reef types. However, relative abundance among all fishes collected was significantly highest on rig reefs using traps [6.2 ind soak(-1) (SD 3.8)], while results from sonar surveys indicated …

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Tidal And Storm Impacts On Hydrodynamics And Sediment Dynamics In An Energetic Ebb Tidal Delta, Kehui Xu, P. Ansley Wren, Yanxia Ma Oct 2020

Tidal And Storm Impacts On Hydrodynamics And Sediment Dynamics In An Energetic Ebb Tidal Delta, Kehui Xu, P. Ansley Wren, Yanxia Ma

Faculty Publications

Bottom-mounted instrumentation was deployed at two sites on a large sandy shoal of an ebb tidal delta offshore of the Port Royal Sound of South Carolina of USA to collect hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics data. One site ("borrow site") was 2 km offshore in a dredge pit for nearby beach nourishment and the other site ("reference site") was 10 km offshore. In situ time-series data were collected during two periods after the dredging: 15 March-12 June (spring) and 18 August-18 November (fall) of 2012. Data at the reference site indicated active migrating bedforms from centimeters to decimeters tall, and sediment …

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Backbone And Sidechain Resonance Assignments And Secondary Structure Of Scc4 From Chlamydia Trachomatis, Thilini O. Ukwaththage, Marco Tonelli, Megan A. Macnaughtan Oct 2020

Backbone And Sidechain Resonance Assignments And Secondary Structure Of Scc4 From Chlamydia Trachomatis, Thilini O. Ukwaththage, Marco Tonelli, Megan A. Macnaughtan

Faculty Publications

© 2020, Springer Nature B.V. Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterium that causes the most common sexually transmitted bacterial diseases in the world. With a biphasic developmental cycle, the bacteria utilize a type III secretion system (T3SS) to invade host cells as infectious elemental bodies, which then differentiate into actively dividing reticulate bodies. The regulation of the developmental cycle and the T3SS are linked by the bi-functional protein, specific Chlamydia chaperone 4 (Scc4). Scc4 is a class I T3SS chaperone forming a heterodimer with specific Chlamydia chaperone 1 (Scc1) to chaperone the essential virulence effector, Chlamydia outer membrane protein …

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Expression, Purification, And Glycosylation Of Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Repeat 27 From Mouse Notch1, Justin A. Grennell, Kendra D. Jenkins, Huimin Zhong, Amid Paudyal, Kelvin B. Luther, Robert S. Haltiwanger, Megan A. Macnaughtan Oct 2020

Expression, Purification, And Glycosylation Of Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Repeat 27 From Mouse Notch1, Justin A. Grennell, Kendra D. Jenkins, Huimin Zhong, Amid Paudyal, Kelvin B. Luther, Robert S. Haltiwanger, Megan A. Macnaughtan

Faculty Publications

© 2020 Elsevier Inc. Notch receptors have large extracellular domains containing up to 36 tandem epidermal growth factor-like (EGF) repeats, which facilitate cell signaling by binding ligands on neighboring cells. Notch receptors play major roles in a variety of developmental processes by controlling cell fate decisions. Each EGF repeat consists of about 40 amino acids with 3 conserved disulfide bonds. Many of the EGF repeats are modified by O-linked fucose glycans, and more than half have calcium-binding sites, but the sequences of the EGF repeats vary giving distinct roles to each repeat. EGF repeat 27 (EGF27) from mouse NOTCH1 is …

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The Central Role Of Taxonomy In The Study Of Neotropical Biodiversity1, Laura P. Lagomarsino, Laura A. Frost Oct 2020

The Central Role Of Taxonomy In The Study Of Neotropical Biodiversity1, Laura P. Lagomarsino, Laura A. Frost

Faculty Publications

© 2020 Missouri Botanical Garden. All rights reserved. The Neotropics are the most species-rich area of the planet. Understanding the origin and maintenance of this diversity is an important goal of ecology and evolutionary biology. Success in this endeavor relies heavily on the past work of taxonomists who have collected specimens and produced the floras and monographs that constitute the foundation for the study of plant diversity. To illustrate this, we visualize collecting efforts through time and identify the importance of past taxonomic and collection efforts in generating the bulk of specimen data that broad-scale analyses rely on today. To …

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Abundance Of The Species Clostridium Butyricum In The Gut Microbiota Contributes To Differences In Obesity Phenotype In Outbred Sprague-Dawley Cd Rats, Diana N. Obanda, Claudia Husseneder, Anne M. Raggio, Ryan Page, Brian Marx, Rhett W. Stout, Justin Guice, Diana Coulon, Michael J. Keenan Oct 2020

Abundance Of The Species Clostridium Butyricum In The Gut Microbiota Contributes To Differences In Obesity Phenotype In Outbred Sprague-Dawley Cd Rats, Diana N. Obanda, Claudia Husseneder, Anne M. Raggio, Ryan Page, Brian Marx, Rhett W. Stout, Justin Guice, Diana Coulon, Michael J. Keenan

Faculty Publications

© 2020 Elsevier Inc. Objectives: Gut microbiota profiles contribute to differences in obesity phenotype. We examined the abundance of the species Clostridium butyricum in relation to obesity phenotype. Methods: In outbred Sprague -Dawley rats we examined effects of dietary fat, resistant starch (RS), and a microbiota transplant on obesity phenotype. Using targeted qPCR, we examined the abundance of total gut bacteria and C. butyricum in relation to the propensity of obesity prone and obesity resistant rats to accumulate abdominal fat. Results: Before inclusion of dietary RS, obesity resistant (OR) rats had higher amounts of total bacteria, and C. butyricum compared …

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Abundance Of The Species Clostridium Butyricum In The Gut Microbiota Contributes To Differences In Obesity Phenotype In Outbred Sprague-Dawley Cd Rats, Diana N. Obanda, Claudia Husseneder, Anne M. Raggio, Ryan Page, Brian Marx, Rhett W. Stout, Justin Guice, Diana Coulon, Michael J. Keenan Oct 2020

Abundance Of The Species Clostridium Butyricum In The Gut Microbiota Contributes To Differences In Obesity Phenotype In Outbred Sprague-Dawley Cd Rats, Diana N. Obanda, Claudia Husseneder, Anne M. Raggio, Ryan Page, Brian Marx, Rhett W. Stout, Justin Guice, Diana Coulon, Michael J. Keenan

Faculty Publications

© 2020 Elsevier Inc. Objectives: Gut microbiota profiles contribute to differences in obesity phenotype. We examined the abundance of the species Clostridium butyricum in relation to obesity phenotype. Methods: In outbred Sprague -Dawley rats we examined effects of dietary fat, resistant starch (RS), and a microbiota transplant on obesity phenotype. Using targeted qPCR, we examined the abundance of total gut bacteria and C. butyricum in relation to the propensity of obesity prone and obesity resistant rats to accumulate abdominal fat. Results: Before inclusion of dietary RS, obesity resistant (OR) rats had higher amounts of total bacteria, and C. butyricum compared …

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The Anti-Hiv Drug Nelfinavir Mesylate (Viracept) Is A Potent Inhibitor Of Cell Fusion Caused By The Sarscov-2 Spike (S) Glycoprotein Warranting Further Evaluation As An Antiviral Against Covid-19 Infections, Farhana Musarrat, Vladimir Chouljenko, Achyut Dahal, Rafiq Nabi, Tamara Chouljenko, Seetharama D. Jois, Konstantin G. Kousoulas Oct 2020

The Anti-Hiv Drug Nelfinavir Mesylate (Viracept) Is A Potent Inhibitor Of Cell Fusion Caused By The Sarscov-2 Spike (S) Glycoprotein Warranting Further Evaluation As An Antiviral Against Covid-19 Infections, Farhana Musarrat, Vladimir Chouljenko, Achyut Dahal, Rafiq Nabi, Tamara Chouljenko, Seetharama D. Jois, Konstantin G. Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2) is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Coronaviruses enter cells via fusion of the viral envelope with the plasma membrane and/or via fusion of the viral envelope with endosomal membranes after virion endocytosis. The spike (S) glycoprotein is a major determinant of virus infectivity. Herein, we show that the transient expression of the SARS CoV-2 S glycoprotein in Vero cells caused extensive cell fusion (formation of syncytia) in comparison to limited cell fusion caused by the SARS S glycoprotein. Both S glycoproteins were detected intracellularly …

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Skeletal And Muscular Pelvic Morphology Of Hillstream Loaches (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae), Callie H. Crawford, Zachary S. Randall, Pamela B. Hart, Lawrence M. Page, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Apinun Suvarnaraksha, Brooke E. Flammang Oct 2020

Skeletal And Muscular Pelvic Morphology Of Hillstream Loaches (Cypriniformes: Balitoridae), Callie H. Crawford, Zachary S. Randall, Pamela B. Hart, Lawrence M. Page, Prosanta Chakrabarty, Apinun Suvarnaraksha, Brooke E. Flammang

Faculty Publications

© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC The rheophilic hillstream loaches (Balitoridae) of South and Southeast Asia possess a range of pelvic girdle morphologies, which may be attributed to adaptations for locomotion against rapidly flowing water. Specifically, the connectivity of the pelvic plate (basipterygium) to the vertebral column via a sacral rib, and the relative size and shape of the sacral rib, fall within a spectrum of three discrete morphotypes: long, narrow rib that meets the basipterygium; thicker, slightly curved rib meeting the basipterygium; and robust crested rib interlocking with the basipterygium. Species in this third category with more robust sacral rib …

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