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Glycine And Alanine Supplementation Of Culture Medium Enhances Development Of In Vitro Matured And Fertilized Cattle Embryos, K. Moore, K. R. Bondioli Jan 1993

Glycine And Alanine Supplementation Of Culture Medium Enhances Development Of In Vitro Matured And Fertilized Cattle Embryos, K. Moore, K. R. Bondioli

Faculty Publications

One-cell cattle embryos were prepared by in vitro oocyte maturation and fertilization (IVM/IVF) and cultured with or without oviductal cells. Embryos were evaluated after 7 days in culture to determine the percentage developing from the 1-cell stage to the morula or blastocyst stage. The combination of glycine (2 mM) and alanine (1 mM) with oviductal cells (experiment 1) improved embryo development over that in control culture (29 vs. 13%; p < 0.05). An optimum response was obtained with 10 mM glycine and 1 mM alanine in coculture (experiments 2 and 3). In experiment 4, the effects of glycine (0 or 10 mM), alanine (0 or 1 mM), and the presence or absence of oviductal cells were tested. In the absence of oviductal cells, the addition of glycine, alanine, or glycine and alanine combined improved embryonic development over that in control medium (45, 33, 42 vs. 24%, p < 0.001, p < 0.05, p < 0.001, respectively). However, the effect of the combination of glycine and alanine was not different from that of glycine alone when oviductal cells were absent (42 vs. 45%, p > 0.10). In the presence of oviductal cells, glycine or the combination of glycine and alanine improved embryonic development over that in the control medium with cells (47, 55 vs. 37%, …

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Embryo Cloning In Cattle: The Use Of In Vitro Matured Oocytes, F. Barnes, M. Endebrock, C. Looney, R. Powell, M. Westhusin, K. Bondioli Jan 1993

Embryo Cloning In Cattle: The Use Of In Vitro Matured Oocytes, F. Barnes, M. Endebrock, C. Looney, R. Powell, M. Westhusin, K. Bondioli

Faculty Publications

In vitro matured (IVM) bovine oocytes were examined to determine their potential viability in embryo cloning. Activation competence, as monitored by pronuclear formation, increased with oocyte age. Oocytes readily formed a pronucleus when challenged with an electrical pulse 30 h after the onset of maturation. Developmental competence of IVM oocytes tended to increase with oocyte age (P= 0.079). Selection of IVM oocytes on the basis of the presence of a polar body 24 h after the onset of maturation and the size of the follicle from which the oocyte was derived improved development of nuclear transfer embryos (polar body positive …

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Response Of Early Lactation Cows To Fat Supplementation In Diets With Different Nonstructural Carbohydrate Concentrations, James C. Coomer, Henry E. Amos, Cathy C. Williams, Jeffrey G. Wheeler Jan 1993

Response Of Early Lactation Cows To Fat Supplementation In Diets With Different Nonstructural Carbohydrate Concentrations, James C. Coomer, Henry E. Amos, Cathy C. Williams, Jeffrey G. Wheeler

Faculty Publications

Twenty-four high producing (36.7 kg/d, initially) Holstein cows in early lactation were used in a 63-d lactation trial to study the effects of low (28%), medium (31%). and high (37%) nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations in diets with added fat. Diets with isonitrogenous (17% CP) and fed as TMR with 41% sorghum silage. Nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations were altered by substitution of corn gluten feed and soybean hulls (50:50) for wheat and corn in the concentrate portion of the diet. Fat was added at 3% of DM in the form of yellow grease. Production of milk (38.5, 38.9, and 40.4 kg/d) and 3.5% …

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Response Of Early Lactation Cows To Fat Supplementation In Diets With Different Nonstructural Carbohydrate Concentrations, James C. Coomer, Henry E. Amos, Cathy C. Williams, Jeffrey G. Wheeler Jan 1993

Response Of Early Lactation Cows To Fat Supplementation In Diets With Different Nonstructural Carbohydrate Concentrations, James C. Coomer, Henry E. Amos, Cathy C. Williams, Jeffrey G. Wheeler

Faculty Publications

Twenty-four high producing (36.7 kg/d, initially) Holstein cows in early lactation were used in a 63-d lactation trial to study the effects of low (28%), medium (31%). and high (37%) nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations in diets with added fat. Diets with isonitrogenous (17% CP) and fed as TMR with 41% sorghum silage. Nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations were altered by substitution of corn gluten feed and soybean hulls (50:50) for wheat and corn in the concentrate portion of the diet. Fat was added at 3% of DM in the form of yellow grease. Production of milk (38.5, 38.9, and 40.4 kg/d) and 3.5% …

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Localization And Nucleotide Sequences Of Genes Mediating Site-Specific Recombination Of The Slp1 Element In Streptomyces Lividans, M. A. Brasch, G. S. Pettis, S. C. Lee, S. N. Cohen Jan 1993

Localization And Nucleotide Sequences Of Genes Mediating Site-Specific Recombination Of The Slp1 Element In Streptomyces Lividans, M. A. Brasch, G. S. Pettis, S. C. Lee, S. N. Cohen

Faculty Publications

SLP1 is a 17.2-kbp genetic element indigenous to the Streptomyces coelicolor chromosome. During conjugation, SLP1 can undergo excision and subsequent site-specific integration into the chromosomes of recipient cells. We report here the localization, nucleotide sequences, and initial characterization of the genes mediating these recombination events. A region of SLP1 adjacent to the previously identified site of integration, attP, was found to be sufficient to promote site-specific integration of an unrelated Streptomyces plasmid. Nucleotide sequence analysis of a 2.2-kb segment of this region reveals two open reading frames that are adjacent to and transcribed toward the attP site. One of these, …

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Race, Income, And Survival From Breast Cancer At Two Public Hospitals, David Ansell, Steven Whitman, Rebecca Lipton, Richard Cooper Jan 1993

Race, Income, And Survival From Breast Cancer At Two Public Hospitals, David Ansell, Steven Whitman, Rebecca Lipton, Richard Cooper

Faculty Publications

Background. Some studies have shown that adjustment for socioeconomic status reduces breast cancer survival differences between blacks and whites. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of age, race, stage, treatment, and income status on breast cancer survival among women attending public hospitals in Chicago, Illinois. Methods. Hospital Cancer Registry data on 887 black women and 265 white women with breast cancer onset between 1973–1985 were analyzed using Cox regression and Kaplan–Meier techniques. The purpose was to examine the effect of age, race, stage, treatment, and income on breast cancer survival. Results. Black women with breast cancer …

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Difficulties And Characteristics Of Students From Developing Countries In Using American Libraries, Ziming Liu Jan 1993

Difficulties And Characteristics Of Students From Developing Countries In Using American Libraries, Ziming Liu

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Relationship Between Vegetation And Soil Formation In A Rapidly Submerging Coastal Marsh, J. A. Nyman, R. D. Delaune, H. H. Roberts, W. H. Patrick Jan 1993

Relationship Between Vegetation And Soil Formation In A Rapidly Submerging Coastal Marsh, J. A. Nyman, R. D. Delaune, H. H. Roberts, W. H. Patrick

Faculty Publications

In a Terrebonne Basin (Louisiana) marsh, Cs dating indicated that vertical accretion (0.98cm yr ) was extremely rapid relative to other marshes, but insufficient to counter submergence (1.38cm yr ). Mineral and organic matter accumulation were similar to that in other marshes. This marsh is threatened by a positive feedback loop of plant flooding stress and inadequate vertical accretion. Inadequate plant growth limits vertical accretion, which further increases flooding and decreases plant production. Thus plant production partly determines the degree of submergence some coastal and estuarine marshes will tolerate. -from Authors 137 -1 -1

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Country/Region Reports -- United States Of America, Linda A. Malone Jan 1993

Country/Region Reports -- United States Of America, Linda A. Malone

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Prosecutorial Immunity: The Response To Prenatal Drug Use, Margaret P. Spencer Jan 1993

Prosecutorial Immunity: The Response To Prenatal Drug Use, Margaret P. Spencer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Discovering The Unique Synergy Potential Of Undergraduate Research And Tourism Service Needs, Deirdre Gibbons, Brian J. Hill Jan 1993

Discovering The Unique Synergy Potential Of Undergraduate Research And Tourism Service Needs, Deirdre Gibbons, Brian J. Hill

Faculty Publications

This paper explores the needs and benefits for using undergraduates as a resource at tourism University Centers. The purpose of undergraduate tourism programs varies, but programs strive to combine theory with application, and research plays a role in this process. Undergraduates stand to benefit from the managerial and decision-making skills they can learn through research. The number of university tourism research centers has increased worldwide. These centers often function on small budgets and have limited research centers, yet their services and clientele · base are increasing. This paper explores how some universities have involved undergraduates in university tourism research, focusing …

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Ten Paradoxes Of Environmental Law, Kenneth A. Manaster Jan 1993

Ten Paradoxes Of Environmental Law, Kenneth A. Manaster

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Plasma Total Glutathione In Humans And Its Association With Demographic And Health-Related Factors, Elaine W. Flagg, Ralph J. Coates, J. William Eley, Raymond S. Greenberg, Dean P. P. Jones, Elaine W. Gunter, Bethany Jackson Jan 1993

Plasma Total Glutathione In Humans And Its Association With Demographic And Health-Related Factors, Elaine W. Flagg, Ralph J. Coates, J. William Eley, Raymond S. Greenberg, Dean P. P. Jones, Elaine W. Gunter, Bethany Jackson

Faculty Publications

The tripeptide glutathione is proposed to be protective against a number of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and cancer. However, there have been few studies of plasma glutathione levels in humans and in those studies the numbers of participants have been very small. In an exploratory analysis the determinants of plasma total glutathione (GSHt) were investigated in a group of 100 volunteers aged 18–61 years in Atlanta, Georgia, USA during June and July 1989. Data on demographic and health-related factors were collected by interview and plasma GSHt was measured using a recently modified laboratory method. The mean concentration of plasma …

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Lessons From Federal Pesticide Regulation On The Paradigms And Politics Of Environmental Law Reform, Donald Thomas Hornstein Jan 1993

Lessons From Federal Pesticide Regulation On The Paradigms And Politics Of Environmental Law Reform, Donald Thomas Hornstein

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Denitrification And Oxygen Consumption In Sediments Of Two South Texas Estuaries, Won Bae Yoon, Ronald Benner Dec 1992

Denitrification And Oxygen Consumption In Sediments Of Two South Texas Estuaries, Won Bae Yoon, Ronald Benner

Faculty Publications

Spatial and temporal variations in rates of denitrification and oxygen consumption were measured in sediments of the Nueces and Guadalupe Estuaries in southern Texas, USA. Denitrification rates varied from 4.0 to 71.1 µmol N2 m-2 h-1 in the Nueces Estuary and from 4.6 to 34.7 µmol N2 m-2 h-1 in the Guadalupe Estuary. Denitrification accounted for 29 to 80% of total benthic N flux in the study areas. Oxygen consumption rates ranged from 176 to 818 µmol O2 m-2 h-1 in Nueces Estuary and from 208 to 550 µmol O2 …

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Bacterial Numbers And Activity, Microalgal Biomass And Productivity, And Meiofaunal Distribution In Sediments Naturally Contaminated With Biogenic Bromophenols, Charles C. Steward, James L. Pinckney, Yvette Piceno, Charles R. Lovell Dec 1992

Bacterial Numbers And Activity, Microalgal Biomass And Productivity, And Meiofaunal Distribution In Sediments Naturally Contaminated With Biogenic Bromophenols, Charles C. Steward, James L. Pinckney, Yvette Piceno, Charles R. Lovell

Faculty Publications

Sediment cores were collected inside and outside of a bed of a bromophenol-producing marine polychaete, Notomastus lobatus, and examined for impact of the bromophenols on sediment microflora and meiofauna around N. lobatus burrows. No significant differences were found between microbial parameters measured inside and outside of the N. lobatus bed. Integrated 6 cm cores taken adjacent to N. lobatus burrows contained 1.2 x 109 bacteria ml-1. Cell numbers were similar at control sites within the bed, but away from burrows, and not significantly different from cell numbers (1.0 X 109 cells ml-1) at a …

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Structural Evidence For Nonplanar Keto- And Planar Enol-Forms Of Oxophlorins, Mathias O. Senge, Kevin M. Smith Dec 1992

Structural Evidence For Nonplanar Keto- And Planar Enol-Forms Of Oxophlorins, Mathias O. Senge, Kevin M. Smith

Faculty Publications

The first structural investigation of a zinc(II) and a free-base oxophlorin reveals considerable conformational differences between the keto- (1) and enol-form (2) of oxophlorins.

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Conventionalism And Contractarianism, Noel B. Reynolds Nov 1992

Conventionalism And Contractarianism, Noel B. Reynolds

Faculty Publications

In this paper Noel B. Reynolds’s theory of law as convention is compared to the public choice contractarian theory of James M. Buchanan. While there are numerous similarities, major differences emerge. Only conventionalism can produce legal and political authority and norms to guide the use of that authority in maintaining the rule of law. The concept of constructive unanimity is introduced to overcome the ultimate failure of contractarianism to legitimate the authority of law.

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Dna Diversity Among Clinical Isolates Of Helicobacter Pylori Detected By Pcr-Based Rapd Fingerprinting, Natalia Akopyanz, Nickolai O. Bukanov, T. Ulf Westblom, Stephen Kresovich, Douglas E. Berg Oct 1992

Dna Diversity Among Clinical Isolates Of Helicobacter Pylori Detected By Pcr-Based Rapd Fingerprinting, Natalia Akopyanz, Nickolai O. Bukanov, T. Ulf Westblom, Stephen Kresovich, Douglas E. Berg

Faculty Publications

The RAPD (or AP-PCR) DNA fingerprinting method was used to distinguish among clinical isolates of Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium whose long term carriage is associated with gastritis, peptic ulcers and gastric carcinomas. This method uses arbitrarily chosen oligonucleotides to prime DNA sythesis from genomic sites to which they are fortuitously matched, or almost matched. Most 10-nt primers with > 60% G + C yielded strain-specific arrays of up to 15 prominent fragments, as did most longer ( > 17-nt) primers, whereas most 10-nt primers with 50% G +C did not. Each of 64 independent H.pylori isolates, 60 of which were from …

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Enhanced Bacterioplankton Production And Respiration At Intermediate Salinities In The Mississippi River Plume, Gerardo Chin-Leo, Ronald Benner Oct 1992

Enhanced Bacterioplankton Production And Respiration At Intermediate Salinities In The Mississippi River Plume, Gerardo Chin-Leo, Ronald Benner

Faculty Publications

Bacterial abundance and production (thymidine and leucine incorporation) were measured along a salinity gradient from the Mississippi River (0 %0) to the open waters of the Gulf of Mexico (36 %0) during July-August 1990 and February 1991. Bacterial production in surface waters was maximal at intermediate salinities (15 to 30 %0). Nutrient enrichment experiments suggested that bacterial growth near the outflow of the river was C limited whereas bacteria in plume waters of intermediate salinities were P and N limited. Rates of plankton community oxygen demand measured during winter were also maximal at intermediate …

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Nuclear Dna Content Variation Within The Rosaceae, E. E. Dickson, K. Arumuganathan, Stephen Kresovich, J. J. Doyle Sep 1992

Nuclear Dna Content Variation Within The Rosaceae, E. E. Dickson, K. Arumuganathan, Stephen Kresovich, J. J. Doyle

Faculty Publications

Nuclear DNA content has been estimated using flow cytometry for 17 species and eight cultivars of Malus and for 44 species of 29 other genera within the Rosaceae. Compared to other angiosperms, diploid genome sizes vary little within the family Rosaceae and within the genus Malus. C-values of genera within the subfamilies Spiraeoideae and Rosoideae are among the smallest of flowering plants thus far reported. In general, the Maloideae have the largest diploid genomes of the family, consistent with their higher chromosome numbers and presumed polyploid origin.

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Columbian Consequences, Vol 2: Archaeological And Historical Perspectives On The Spanish Borderlands East, By David Hurst Thomas, Michael C. Scardaville Feb 1992

Columbian Consequences, Vol 2: Archaeological And Historical Perspectives On The Spanish Borderlands East, By David Hurst Thomas, Michael C. Scardaville

Faculty Publications

A review of Columbian Consequences, Vol 2: Archaeological and Historical Perspectives on the Spanish Borderlands East, by David Hurst Thomas

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Economics Of Direct Seeding And Planting For Establishing Oak Stands On Old-Field Sites In The South., Steven H. Bullard, John D. Hodges, Robert L. Johnson, Thomas J. Straka Jan 1992

Economics Of Direct Seeding And Planting For Establishing Oak Stands On Old-Field Sites In The South., Steven H. Bullard, John D. Hodges, Robert L. Johnson, Thomas J. Straka

Faculty Publications

On old-field sites in the South, oak stand may be established by direct seeding of acorns, or by planting seed- lings. Planting seedlings costs approximately 21/2 times the cost of direct seeding on a per acre basis, and based on our study of overall costs and returns, we conclude that in most cases the additional costs of planting are not justified by the additional benefits. Direct seeding is therefore an eco- nomically viable alternative to planting, although success with seeding requires careful selection of species/site combinations and proper seed handling and storage

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Stable Isotope Analysis Using Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy, Todd B. Sauke, J. F. Becker, M. Loewenstein Jan 1992

Stable Isotope Analysis Using Tunable Diode Laser Spectroscopy, Todd B. Sauke, J. F. Becker, M. Loewenstein

Faculty Publications

Measurements of ratios of stable isotopes are used in such diverse fields as petroleum prospecting, medical diagnostics, and planetary exploration. The narrow emission linewidth available from tunable diode lasers permits high-resolution infrared absorption measurements of closely spaced isotopic rovibrational lines. Our dual beam spectrometer uses the sweep integration technique in a spectral region where adjacent spectral lines are of approximately equal absorbance at the expected isotopic abundances. The experimental results reported here indicate that isotopic ratios of carbon in carbon dioxide can be measured to an accuracy of better than 0.4%. This laser spectroscopic spectrometric technique offers an alternative to …

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Suspicionless Drug Testing After Skinner And Von Raab: Constitutional Adjudication In The Courts Of Appeals, Phoebe Weaver Williams Jan 1992

Suspicionless Drug Testing After Skinner And Von Raab: Constitutional Adjudication In The Courts Of Appeals, Phoebe Weaver Williams

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Temperature On Methane Consumption In A Forest Soil And In Pure Cultures Of The Methanotroph Methylomonas Rubra, G. M. King, A. P.S. Adamsen Jan 1992

Effects Of Temperature On Methane Consumption In A Forest Soil And In Pure Cultures Of The Methanotroph Methylomonas Rubra, G. M. King, A. P.S. Adamsen

Faculty Publications

Methane oxidation in soil cores from a mixed hardwood-coniferous forest varied relatively little as a function of incubation temperatures from -1 to 30°C. The increase in oxidation rate was proportional to T2.4 (in kelvins). This relationship was consistent with limitation of methane transport through a soil gas phase to a subsurface zone of consumption by diffusion. The Q10 for CO2 production, 3.4, was substantially higher than that for methane oxidation, 1.1, and indicated that the response of soil respiration to temperature was limited by enzymatic processes and not diffusion of either organic substrates or molecular oxygen. When grown under conditions …

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Viable Embryos And Normal Calves After Nuclear Transfer Into Hoechst Stained Enucleated Demi-Oocytes Of Cows, M. E. Westhusin, M. J. Levanduski, R. Scarborough, C. R. Looney, K. R. Bondioli Jan 1992

Viable Embryos And Normal Calves After Nuclear Transfer Into Hoechst Stained Enucleated Demi-Oocytes Of Cows, M. E. Westhusin, M. J. Levanduski, R. Scarborough, C. R. Looney, K. R. Bondioli

Faculty Publications

Bovine oocytes were bisected, stained with Hoechst 33342 and observed under a fluorescent microscope to identify nucleated and enucleated demi-oocytes. Other oocytes were bisected but not stained, or bisected and only half of each oocyte stained, and viewed under a fluorescent microscope. The oocytes were then used for nuclear transfer by fusing them with embryonic blastomeres from a 5-6 day bovine embryo. The fusion rate and proportion developing into compact morulae or blastocysts was compared among different types of demi-oocytes. Expt 1 examined the effect of staining and indicated no effect on either fusion rate or embryonic development whether or …

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Involvement Of Interleukin 2 Receptors In Conceptus-Derived Suppression Of T And B Cell Proliferation In Horses, T. L. Roth, K. L. White, D. L. Thompson, S. Rahmanian, D. W. Horohov Jan 1992

Involvement Of Interleukin 2 Receptors In Conceptus-Derived Suppression Of T And B Cell Proliferation In Horses, T. L. Roth, K. L. White, D. L. Thompson, S. Rahmanian, D. W. Horohov

Faculty Publications

The mechanism by which a horse conceptus-derived immunosuppressive factor (HCS) of M(r) >100 000 inhibits lymphocyte proliferation was investigated. The factor was obtained from the culture supernatants of 20-day-old horse conceptuses; activity, identified by reduced uptake of [3H]thymidine by mitogen-stimulated lymphocytes, was greatest (P0.05). Data from a fluorescence-activated cell sorter indicated that supplementation with HCS reduced the number of T cells in phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated cultures and suppressed proliferation of T and B cells in pokeweed-mitogen-stimulated cultures compared with controls. Cell proliferation was greater (P0.05) from that of control cells. The addition of stimulated equine lymphocyte supernatant to cultures supplemented with HCS …

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Government Regulation Of Religiously Based Social Services: The First Amendment Considerations, Carl H. Esbeck Jan 1992

Government Regulation Of Religiously Based Social Services: The First Amendment Considerations, Carl H. Esbeck

Faculty Publications

A daunting welter of variables confronts anyone who sets out to systematize the First Amendment's effect on the government's role in regulating social services operated by religious organizations. The task is further complicated because the regulations in question often were promulgated as a consequence of the monitoring that inevitably accompanies government spending on private-sector welfare programs. The most suitable methodology should take into account: 1) the nature of the organizations that are the object of the government's regulation or program of aid; 2) the interrelationship between government and religious organizations that results from the regulation or aid; and 3) the …

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Structure And Light-Induced Expression Of A Small Heat-Shock Protein Gene Of Pharbitis Nil, Priti Krishna, Roderick F. Felsheim, John C. Larkin, Anath Das Jan 1992

Structure And Light-Induced Expression Of A Small Heat-Shock Protein Gene Of Pharbitis Nil, Priti Krishna, Roderick F. Felsheim, John C. Larkin, Anath Das

Faculty Publications

To isolate genes that are regulated by a photoperiod that promotes flowering in Pharbitis nil, a cDNA library representing mRNA of induced cotyledons was screened by differential hybridization. The DNA sequence of one cDNA clone isolated by this approach, clone 12L, showed homology to plant small heat-shock protein (hsp) genes. P. nil genomic clones hybridizing to clone 12L were isolated, and the DNA sequences of two P. nil small hsp (shsp) genes, shsp-1 and shsp-2, were determined. The derived amino acid sequences of shsp-1 and shsp-2 showed maximum homology to the 17.9-kD soybean hsp, a member of the class II …

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