Digital Commons Network^™

Responses Of Methanotrophic Activity In Soils And Cultures To Water Stress, S. Schnell, G. M. King

Faculty Publications

Diffusive gas transport at high water contents and physiological water stress at low water contents limited atmospheric methane consumption rates during experimental manipulations of soil water content and water potential. Maximum rates of atmospheric methane consumption occurred at a soil water content of 25% (grams per gram [dry weight]) and a water potential of about - 0.2 MPa. In contrast, uptake rates were highest at a water content of 38% and a water potential of -0.03 MPa when methane was initially present at 200 ppm. Uptake rates of atmospheric and elevated methane decreased when water potentials were reduced by adding …

Regulation Of Methane Oxidation In A Freshwater Wetland By Water Table Changes And Anoxia, Peter Roslev, Gary M. King

Faculty Publications

The effects of water table fluctuations and anoxia on methane emission and methane oxidation were studied in a freshwater marsh. Seasonal aerobic methane oxidation rates varied between 15% and 76% of the potential diffusive methane flux (diffusive flux in the absence of aerobic oxidation). On an annual basis, approximately 43% of the methane diffusing into the oxic zone was oxidized before reaching the atmosphere. The highest methane oxidation was observed when the water table was below the peat surface. This was confirmed in laboratory experiments where short-term decreases in water table levels increased methane oxidation but also net methane emission. …

Characterization Of The Denaturation And Renaturation Of Human Plasma Vitronectin Ii. Investigation Into The Mechanism Of Formation Of Multimers, Ping Zhuang, Huo Li, Jason G. Williams, Nancy V. Wagner, Dietmar Seiffert, Cynthia B. Peterson

Faculty Publications

Unfolding and refolding of plasma vitronectin appear irreversible under near physiological conditions, with rearrangements of disulfides and self-association to a multimeric form observed as prominent structural alterations which accompany denaturation. A mechanism for the folding reactions of vitronectin has been proposed (Zhuang, P., Blackburn, M. NPeterson, C. B. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 14323-14332) in which vitronectin acquires a partially folded intermediate structure which is highly prone to oligomerize into a multimeric form. Strongly oxidizing conditions adopted for refolding from urea were effective at preventing disulfide rearrangement which disrupts distal disulfides near the C terminus of the protein. Prohibiting disulfide …

Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna Markers In Sweetpotato Infected With Fusarium Lateritium, Frank A. Buffone, Don R. La Bonte, Christopher A. Clark

Faculty Publications

DNA isolated from Fusarium lateritium Nees: Fr.-infected 'Jewel' sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] plants was compared to F. lateritium-free 'Jewel' plants for differences in random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker products. Differences in RAPD marker products were detected. Amplified DNA isolations from F. lateritium-infected 'Jewel' plants generated additional, unique DNA fragments not found in amplified DNA isolations of F. lateritium-free 'Jewel' plants. These unique amplified DNA fragments were consistent with those obtained from amplified DNA isolations of the F. lateritium isolate, 91-27-2, used for inoculation. We found that F. lateritium DNA successfully competes with sweetpotato DNA in the polymerase chain …

Some Effects Of 30 Years Of Weir-Management On Coastal Marsh Aquatic Vegetation And Implications To Waterfowl Management, John A. Nyman, Robert H. Chabreck

Faculty Publications

Aquatic vegetation was compared between weir-managed and unmanaged brackish marsh ponds at Marsh Island, Louisiana, parts of which have been weir-managed since 1958. Coverage by aquatic vegetation was greater in weir-managed ponds than in unmanaged ponds, but weir-management affected individual species differently. Eleocharis parvula was more common in unmanaged ponds than in managed ponds during the early 1960s but has not occurred in any ponds sampled since then. Ceratophyllum demersum and the dominant plants Myriophyllum spicatum and Ruppia maritima were more common in weir-managed ponds than in unmanaged ponds, although the magnitude of the difference varied greatly among sample dates. …

Fermented Cowpea Flour: Production And Characterization Of Selected Physico-Chemical Properties, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Larry R. Beuchat, Kay H. Mcwatters, R. Dixon Phillips

Faculty Publications

A simplified solid-substrate fermentation and milling process for preparing flour from nondecorticated cowpeas (cv. White Acre) was developed. Yield of fermented flours compared to starting substrate was about 73%. Total solids loss (ca. 21-23%) was due to soaking (6%), boiling (11%), fermentation (2-4%) and grinding (2%). Moisture loss during drying was approximately 5%. The pH of fermented flours ranged from 6.4 to 6.9. Fermented flours had less packed density but greater unpacked density than the control flour. About 41-44% of flour particles passed through a 0.297-mm sieve; 65-72% of these particles were in the exclusion range of 0.037-0.074 mm. An …

A Biologic Argument For Gay Essentialism-Determinism: Implications For Equal Protection And Substantive Due Process, E. Gary Spitko

Faculty Publications

Classifications, like race, that historically have been used to saddle certain people with disabilities on the basis of a characteristic that otherwise would be irrelevant to an individual's ability to contribute to society are inherently suspect as more likely to have been the product of irrational prejudice and, thus, are deserving of heightened equal protection scrutiny. Thus, in adjudicating whether a sexual orientation classification is deserving of heightened equal protection scrutiny, a court should ask only whether gay people have suffered a history of discrimination and whether their sexual orientation says anything about their ability to contribute to society.

The …

Test Wars: Mandatory Hiv Testing, Women, And Their Children, Michelle Oberman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Minor Rights And Wrongs, Michelle Oberman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Mothers Who Kill: Coming To Terms With Modern American Infanticide, Michelle Oberman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Improving Access To Food In Low-Income Communities: An Investigation Of Three Bay Area Neighborhoods, Edward Steinman, Kenneth Hecht

Faculty Publications

This report seeks to describe and analyze that dysfunction as it manifests itself in three low-income neighborhoods in San Francisco and Oakland. It does not examine the causes nor scope of poverty in those communities nor does it intend to estimate or describe the prevalence of hunger. These measures are amply documented in a 1995 report on hunger and the problem of food "insecurity" commissioned by the California Senate Office of Research and, in 1993 and 1994, reports on hunger from the Alameda County Community Food Bank and San Francisco Food Bank, respectively. Rather, this report treats poverty, hunger and …

Oxygen And Ph Regulation Of Protein Synthesis In Mitochondria From Artemia Franciscana Embryos, Kurt E. Kwast, Steven C. Hand

Faculty Publications

To identify factors responsible for the down-regulation of mitochondrial biosynthetic processes during anoxia in encysted Artemia franciscana embryos, the effects of oxygen limitation and pH on protein synthesis were investigated in isolated mitochondria. At the optimal pH of 7.5, exposure of mitochondria to anoxia decreases the protein synthesis rate by 79%. Rates were suppressed by a further 10% at pH 6.8, the intracellular pH (pH,) measured under anoxia in vivo. Matrix pH, measured under identical conditions, was 8.43 ± 0.01 at an extramitochondrial pH of 7.9 (mean ± S.E.M. n = 3), 8.05 ± 0.01 at pH 7.5, and 7.10 …

Carbohydrate Mobilization During Germination Of Post-Diapausing Gemmules Of The Freshwater Sponge Eunapius Fragilis, Stephen H. Loomis, Louis F. Ungemach, Bruce R. Branchini, Steven C. Hand, Paul E. Fell

Faculty Publications

Post-diapausing gemmules of the freshwater sponge Eunapius fragilis were found to contain sorbitol and glycogen as their primary carbohydrates. The sorbitol probably acts to increase the tolerance of the gemmules to freezing and desiccation. During germination, average sorbitol levels-measured as micromoles of sorbitol per gram of fresh weight of gemmule tissue (μmol/gfw)-declined from a control value of 36 μmol/gfw to about 4 μmol/gfw. Concomitantly, average glycogen levels increased from a control value of 29 μmol/gfw to a steady-state level of 62 μmol/gfw. It is probable that glycogen is being synthesized at the expense of sorbitol. The breakdown of sorbitol was …

Climate Forcing And Thermal Feedback Of Residual Lake-Ice Covers In The High Arctic, Peter T. Doran, Christopher P. Mckay, W. Peter Adams, Michael C. English, Robert A. Wharton, Michael A. Meyer

Faculty Publications

A discontinuous ice coverage and lake temperature record of 36-yr duration has been compiled for Colour Lake (79°25'N, 90°45'W) on Axel Heiberg Island, Northwest Territories. About once every 6 yr, the ice cover remains through the entire summer, creating a residual ice cover the following winter. Residual ice covers are more frequent in the last 10 yr (1986-1995) than in the 20 yr from 1959 to 1978, indicating a reduction in climate factors controlling ice decay. These factors are identified as the number of thawing degree-days, suggesting a tendency toward cooler summers over the last decade. We report year-round meteorology …

Leaf Gas Exchange And Growth Of Flood-Tolerant And Flood-Sensitive Tree Species Under Low Soil Redox Conditions, S. R. Pezeshki, J. H. Pardue, R. D. Delaune

Faculty Publications

Seedlings of Taxodium distichum L., Quercus lyrata Walt. and Q. falcata var. pagodaefolia Ell. were grown for 22 days in a rhizotron system providing two soil redox potential regimes, +170 mV (low Eh) and +560 mV (high Eh). Leaf chlorophyll concentration and gas exchange, root alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity, root and leaf ethylene production, and growth and biomass partitioning were measured. In response to the low Eh soil treatment, stomatal conductance was reduced in Q. falcata and Q. lyrata but not in T. distichum, whereas net photosynthesis was reduced significantly in all species; however, net photosynthesis in T. distichum began …

Automatic Correlation And Calibration Of Noisy Sensor Readings Using Elite Genetic Algorithms, R. R. Brooks, S. S. Iyengar, J. Chen

Faculty Publications

This paper explores an image processing application of optimization techniques which entails interpreting noisy sensor data. The application is a generalization of image correlation; we attempt to find the optimal gruence which matches two overlapping gray scale images corrupted with noise. Both tabu search and genetic algorithms are used to find the parameters which match the two images. A genetic algorithm approach using an elitist reproduction scheme is found to provide significantly superior results.

Psychology And Counseling Library Research Guide, Margaret Sylvia

Faculty Publications

This document is a guide for library research in psychology or counseling. The first section discusses how to do research in the library, including choosing a topic, beginning with books, updating the information with journals, checking out books, interlibrary loan, visiting other libraries, and writing the paper. The second section provides sources of general information on psychology. The third section provides an annotated bibliography of additional research resources. The fourth section contains guide to the writing of psychology research papers and the fifth section contains miscellaneous resources such as those on professional training and careers, statistics, dictionaries, and biographical resources.

The Business Necessity Defense In Disparate Impact Discrimination Cases, Susan Grover

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Arabidopsis Homeotic Genes Apetala3 And Pistillata Are Sufficient To Provide The B Class Organ Identity Function, Beth A. Krizek, Elliot M. Meyerowitz

Faculty Publications

The class B organ identity genes, APETALA3 and PISTILLATA, are required to specify petal and stamen identity in the Arabidopsis flower. We show here that the activities of these two genes are sufficient to specify petals and stamens in flowers, in combination with the class A and C genes, respectively. Flowers of plants constitutively expressing both PISTILLATA and APETALA3 under the control of the 35S promoter from cauliflower mosaic virus consist of two outer whorls of petals and inner whorls of stamens. These plants also exhibit vegetative phenotypes that are not present in either of the singly (APETALA3 …

Rosalyn Sussman Yalow (1921-) Endocrinologist, Medical Physicist, Margaret Sylvia

Faculty Publications

A biography of Rosalyn Yalow, Nobel Prize winner in Physiology/Medicine for the development of radioimmunoassay of peptides hormones. She was the second woman to win a Nobel Prize in Medicine and first American woman to do so.

Rosalind Elsie Franklin (1920-1958) Biologist, Margaret Sylvia

Faculty Publications

A biography of the biologist Rosalind Elsie Franklin whose work on x-ray crystallography contributed to Watson and Crick's elucidation of the structure of DNA.

The Future Of Feminist Legal Theory, Patricia A. Cain

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

God Bless The Child: Poor Children, Parens Patriae, And A State Obligation To Provide Assistance, Kay P. Kindred

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Green Helmets: A Conceptual Framework For Security Council Authority In Environmental Emergencies, Linda A. Malone

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Country/Region Reports -- United States Of America, Linda A. Malone

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Intraspecific Life History Variation In Sceloporus Undulatus: A Factor Analysis, Geoffrey R. Smith, John W. Rowe, R. E. Ballinger

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Psychological Status Of Phonological Analyses, David Eddington

Faculty Publications

This paper casts doubt on the psychological relevance of many phonological analyses. There are four reasons for this: 1) theoretical adequacy does not necessarily imply psychological significance; 2) most approaches are nonempirical in that they are not subject to potential spatiotemporal falsification; 3) phonological analyses are established with little or no recourse to the speakers of the language via experimental psychology; 4) the limited base of evidence which most analyses are founded on is further cause for skepticism.

A Quasi-One-Dimensional Theory For Anisotropic Propagation Of Excitation In Cardiac Muscle, Jiashin Wu, Edward A. Johnson, J. Mailen Kootsey

Faculty Publications

It has been shown that propagation of excitation in cardiac muscle is anisotropic. Compared to propagation at right angles to the long axes of the fibers, propagation along the long axis is faster, the extracellular action potential (AP) is larger in amplitude, and the intracellular AP has a lower maximum rate of depolarization, a larger time constant of the foot, and a lower peak amplitude. These observations are contrary to the predictions of classical one-dimensional (1-D) cable theory and, thus far, no satisfactory theory for them has been reported. As an alternative description of propagation in cardiac muscle, this study …

Putrescine: A Marker Of Stress In Red Spruce Trees, Rakesh Minocha, Walter C. Shortle, Gregory B. Lawrence, Mark B. David, Subhash C. Minocha

Faculty Publications

Aluminum (Al) has been suggested to be an important stress factor in forest decline due to its mobilization in soil following atmospheric deposition of acidic pollutants. A major goal of our research is to develop physiological and biochemical markers of stress in trees using cell cultures and whole plants. Needles of red spruce (Picea rubens) collected from several sites in the northeastern United States and red spruce cells grown in suspension cultures were examined for polyamine and inorganic-ion content. The cells in culture were exposed to various concentrations of Al for different lengths of time. Exposure to Al increased putrescine …

Kinetic Analysis Of The Fate Of Nitric Oxide Synthesized By Macrophages In Vitro, Randy S. Lewis, Snait Tamir, Steven R. Tannenbaum, William M. Deen

Faculty Publications

To investigate the fate of nitric oxide (NO) synthesized by activated macrophages, the concentrations of NO and its principal reaction products, nitrite (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-), were measured as a function of time in suspension cultures of RAW264.7 macrophages attached to microcarrier beads. Synthesis of NO became evident 2-5 h after stimulation of the cells, and steady concentrations of NO were achieved after about 9 h. The appearance of NO in the extracellular fluid coincided with the appearance of NO2- and NO3-, which were formed thereafter at approximately equal and constant rates. Using a kinetic model based on rate constants …