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Race, Religion, And Cultural Identity: Reconciling The Jurisprudence Of Race And Religion, Tseming Yang Jan 1997

Race, Religion, And Cultural Identity: Reconciling The Jurisprudence Of Race And Religion, Tseming Yang

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Genetics, Iq, Determinism, And Torts: The Example Of Discovery In Lead Exposure Litigation, Jennifer Wriggins Jan 1997

Genetics, Iq, Determinism, And Torts: The Example Of Discovery In Lead Exposure Litigation, Jennifer Wriggins

Faculty Publications

This article discusses a disturbing development in tort litigation in which defendants use deterministic, genetics-based ideas about individuals and their families to undercut and deflect attention from personal injury claims. Lead exposure litigation involving cognitive injuries claimed on behalf of children who have ingested lead paint is the context of this development. The most extreme manifestation to date has been the efforts in several states to compel relatives of lead-exposed children (usually mothers) to have IQ and psychological testing, even though they are not parties to the litigation. Rule 35 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and its state …

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The Effect Of Ultrasonic Frequency Upon Enhanced Killing Ofp. Aeruginosa Biofilms, Zhen Qian, Richard D. Sagers, William G. Pitt Jan 1997

The Effect Of Ultrasonic Frequency Upon Enhanced Killing Ofp. Aeruginosa Biofilms, Zhen Qian, Richard D. Sagers, William G. Pitt

Faculty Publications

It is widely recognized that the bacteria sequestered in a biofilm on a medical implant are much more resistant to antibiotics than their planktonic counterparts. Recent studies have shown that application of antibiotic along with low power ultrasound significantly increases the killing of planktonic bacteria by the antibiotic. Herein is reported a similar application of antibiotic and ultrasound to sessile bacteria in biofilms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on a polyethylene substrate. Biofilm viability was measured after exposure to 12 μg/ml gentamicin sulfate and 10 mW/cm2 ultrasound at frequencies of 70 kHz, 500 kHz, 2.25 MHz, and 10 MHz. The results …

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Private Commissions, Assisted Reproduction, And Lawyering, Larry I. Palmer Jan 1997

Private Commissions, Assisted Reproduction, And Lawyering, Larry I. Palmer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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On Difference And Equality, Cynthia V. Ward Jan 1997

On Difference And Equality, Cynthia V. Ward

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Country/Region Reports -- United States Of America, Linda A. Malone Jan 1997

Country/Region Reports -- United States Of America, Linda A. Malone

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Setting Standards For Parenting - By What Right?, James G. Dwyer Jan 1997

Setting Standards For Parenting - By What Right?, James G. Dwyer

Faculty Publications

Mental health professionals, like other professionals involved in family
matters, feel constrained when advocating for the interests of children by the belief
that parents are entitled to custody and control of their children's lives, regardless of
what others may think of their parenting behavior, absent severe harm to the children.
This belief is morally untenable, and the legal doctrine of parental rights that is its
concrete embodiment is inconsistent with other well-established legal principles and
should be abandoned. Children alone should have legal rights in connection with their
upbringing, and those rights should include an entitlement to much higher standards …

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The Cosmetic/Drug Dilemma: Fda Regulation Of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids, Laura A. Heymann Jan 1997

The Cosmetic/Drug Dilemma: Fda Regulation Of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids, Laura A. Heymann

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Observations On The Body Temperatures And Natural History Of Same Mexican Reptiles, J. A. Lemos-Espinal, Geoffrey R. Smith, R. E. Ballinger Jan 1997

Observations On The Body Temperatures And Natural History Of Same Mexican Reptiles, J. A. Lemos-Espinal, Geoffrey R. Smith, R. E. Ballinger

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Effects Of Aeration On Amphibian Larval Growth: An Experiment With Bullfrog Tadpoles, Geoffrey R. Smith Jan 1997

The Effects Of Aeration On Amphibian Larval Growth: An Experiment With Bullfrog Tadpoles, Geoffrey R. Smith

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Redox State Of The [2fe-2s] Clusters In Soxr Protein Regulates Its Activity As A Transcription Factor, Huangen Ding, Elena Hidalgo, Bruce Demple Dec 1996

The Redox State Of The [2fe-2s] Clusters In Soxr Protein Regulates Its Activity As A Transcription Factor, Huangen Ding, Elena Hidalgo, Bruce Demple

Faculty Publications

SoxR protein is a redox-responsive transcription factor that governs a regulon of oxidative stress and antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli. Purified SoxR contains oxidized [2Fe-2S] clusters and stimulates in vitro transcription of its target gene soxS up to 100-fold. SoxR transcriptional activity, but not DNA binding, is completely dependent on the [2Fe-2S] clusters; apo-SoxR prepared in vitro binds the soxS promoter with unchanged affinity but does not have transcription activity. Thus, modulation of the SoxR [2Fe-2S] clusters was proposed to control the protein's function in transcription. Here, we provide evidence that SoxR with reduced [2Fe-2S] clusters is inactive. Redox …

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The Japanese Civil Service And Economic Development: Catalysts Of Change Eds. Hyung-Ki Kim, Michio Muramatsu, And T. J. Pempel, Robert C. Angel Dec 1996

The Japanese Civil Service And Economic Development: Catalysts Of Change Eds. Hyung-Ki Kim, Michio Muramatsu, And T. J. Pempel, Robert C. Angel

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Inhomogeneity In Gelation And Nonuniversality Of Sol-To-Gel Transitions Studied By A Computer Simulation Model, Yi-Min Liu, R.B. Pandey Dec 1996

Inhomogeneity In Gelation And Nonuniversality Of Sol-To-Gel Transitions Studied By A Computer Simulation Model, Yi-Min Liu, R.B. Pandey

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Acylation Of Glucosaminyl Phosphatidylinositol Revisited. Palmitoyl-Coa Dependent Palmitoylation Of The Inositol Residue Of A Synthetic Dioctanoyl Glucosaminyl Phosphatidylinositol By Hamster Membranes Permits Efficient Mannosylation Of The Glucosamine Residue, William T. Doerrler, Jianhua Ye, J. R. Falck, Mark A. Lehrman Nov 1996

Acylation Of Glucosaminyl Phosphatidylinositol Revisited. Palmitoyl-Coa Dependent Palmitoylation Of The Inositol Residue Of A Synthetic Dioctanoyl Glucosaminyl Phosphatidylinositol By Hamster Membranes Permits Efficient Mannosylation Of The Glucosamine Residue, William T. Doerrler, Jianhua Ye, J. R. Falck, Mark A. Lehrman

Faculty Publications

Two critical steps in the assembly of yeast and mammalian glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor precursors are palmitoylation of the inositol residue and mannosylation of the glucosamine residue of the glucosaminyl phosphatidylinositol (GlcNα-PI) intermediate. Palmitoylation has been reported to be acyl-CoA dependent in yeast membranes (Costello, L. C., and Orlean, P. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 8599-8603) but strictly acyl- CoA independent in rodent membranes (Stevens, V. L., and Zhang, H. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 31397-31403), and thus poorly conserved. In addition, it was suggested that acylation must precede mannosylation in both yeast (Costello, L. C., and Orlean, P. (1992) J. …

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Nonequilibrium Critical Dynamics Of A Three Species Monomer-Monomer Model, Kevin E. Bassler, Dana A. Browne Nov 1996

Nonequilibrium Critical Dynamics Of A Three Species Monomer-Monomer Model, Kevin E. Bassler, Dana A. Browne

Faculty Publications

We study a three species monomer-monomer catalytic surface reaction model with a reactive steady state bordered by three equivalent unreactive phases where the surface is saturated with one species. The transition from the reactive to a saturated phase shows directed percolation critical behavior. Each pair of these reactive-saturated phase boundaries joins at a bicritical point where the universal behavior is in the even branching annihilating random walk class. We find the crossover exponent from bicritical to critical behavior and a new exponent associated with the bicritical interface dynamics. © 1996 The American Physical Society.

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Modeling Interactions Of Browsing Predation, Infaunal Activity And Recruitment In Marine Soft-Sediment Habitats, Sara M. Lindsay, David S. Wethey, Sarah A. Woodin Oct 1996

Modeling Interactions Of Browsing Predation, Infaunal Activity And Recruitment In Marine Soft-Sediment Habitats, Sara M. Lindsay, David S. Wethey, Sarah A. Woodin

Faculty Publications

In marine soft-sediment habitats, the sediment surface is altered by activities of sediment dwellers (infauna). Such biogenic disturbance can influence recruitment success if settling larvae and juveniles avoid disturbed sites or if juveniles die as a result of disturbance after settling. Because infauna commonly lose exposed body parts to browsing predators and disturb less sediment as a result, we developed a simulation model to examine the interactions between browsing predation, infaunal adult activity, and recruitment. Sediment disturbance in the model was based on data for the polychaete Abarenicola pacifica. We simulated the activity of two general types of predators: prey …

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Procedurally Rational Decision-Making And Control, Richard L. Frost, Michael A. Goodrich, Wynn C. Stirling Oct 1996

Procedurally Rational Decision-Making And Control, Richard L. Frost, Michael A. Goodrich, Wynn C. Stirling

Faculty Publications

Substantive rationality requires a decision-maker to be a utility maximizer; under this paradigm, the decision is paramount, and not dependent on the computational process used to obtain it. Procedural rationality is dependent on the method used to make the decision; reasonableness of the procedure is paramount. Well-formed problems are amenable to substantive rationality; ill-formed problems are not, but are amenable to procedural rationality. To qualify as being procedurally rational, a methodology must possess a sound epistemological basis, it must be amenable to a formal design synthesis procedure, and it must be consistent with substantive rationality. Epistemic utility theory forms the …

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Theory And Operation Of Continuous Flow Systems For The Study Of Benthic-Pelagic Coupling, Tina Miller-Way, Robert R. Twilley Sep 1996

Theory And Operation Of Continuous Flow Systems For The Study Of Benthic-Pelagic Coupling, Tina Miller-Way, Robert R. Twilley

Faculty Publications

Continuous flow systems have not been widely used in the study of benthic-pelagic coupling in marine systems. This paper discusses the theoretical and practical use of continuous flow sysrems for the study of benthic exchange processes and presents the results of experiments which compared continuous flow (open) and closed (batch) systems and investigated the sensitivity of exchange rates to residence times in a continuous flow system. Continuous flow systems minimize the problem of environmental dependency of benthic-pelagic exchange rates by maintaining initial experimental conditions throughout an incubation. However, the selection of a supply rate (i.e. residence time) is critical in …

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Glutathione-Mediated Destabilization In Vitro Of [2fe-2s] Centers In The Soxr Regulatory Protein, Huangen Ding, Bruce Demple Sep 1996

Glutathione-Mediated Destabilization In Vitro Of [2fe-2s] Centers In The Soxr Regulatory Protein, Huangen Ding, Bruce Demple

Faculty Publications

SoxR is a transcription factor that governs a global defense against the oxidative stress caused by nitric oxide or excess superoxide in Escherichia coli. SoxR is a homodimer containing a pair of [2Fe-2S] clusters essential for its transcriptional activity, and changes in the stability of these metal centers could contribute to the activation or inactivation of SoxR in vivo. Herein we show that reduced glutathione (GSH) in aerobic solution disrupts the SoxR [2Fe-2S] clusters, releasing Fe from the protein and eliminating SoxR transcriptional activity. This disassembly process evidently involves oxygen-derived free radicals. The loss of [2Fe-2S] clusters does not occur …

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Kinetics And Jamming Coverage In A Random Sequential Adsorption Of Polymer Chains, Jian-Sheng Wang, Ras B. Pandey Aug 1996

Kinetics And Jamming Coverage In A Random Sequential Adsorption Of Polymer Chains, Jian-Sheng Wang, Ras B. Pandey

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Pelage Coloration In Oldfield Mice (Peromyscus Polionotus): Antipredator Adaptation?, Mark C. Belk, Michael H. Smith Aug 1996

Pelage Coloration In Oldfield Mice (Peromyscus Polionotus): Antipredator Adaptation?, Mark C. Belk, Michael H. Smith

Faculty Publications

Reflectance spectra (in full light and moonlight) of dorsal pelage of 469 adult oldfield mice (Peromyscus polionotus) comprising nine regional samples were compared to reflectance spectra of corresponding surface and subsurface soil samples to test for a selective effect of predation on color of pelage. Mice were slightly more reddish in hue, generally had more chroma, and were less reflective than soil at all locations. Color of pelage within locations was not significantly correlated with color of soil. Among all locations, brightness of pelage and soil were significantly positively correlated. Among mainland locations, there was a significant positive …

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Sol-Gel Phase Transitions In Thermoreversible Gels: Onset Of Gelation And Melting, Y. Liu, R.B. Pandey Jul 1996

Sol-Gel Phase Transitions In Thermoreversible Gels: Onset Of Gelation And Melting, Y. Liu, R.B. Pandey

Faculty Publications

A Monte Carlo simulation model is propsed to study the phase transition and the structural evolution of thermoreversible gels with the coexistence of phase separation and gelation processes. Our model includes the mobility of all the species and the reversibilty of bonds of the clusters formed due to cross-linking reactions. These features provide a more realistic depiction of a polymer-solvent system. We attempt to elucidate the effects of interactions, solvents, polymer fraction, etc. on the phase behaviors of the thermoreversible gel. Sol-to-gel transition is studied in detail as a function of temperature, and the related critical exponents are evaluated. Two …

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Effects Of Climate Change On Hypoxia In Coastal Waters: A Doubled Co2 Scenario For The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Dubravko Justic, Nancy N. Rabalais, R. Eugene Turner Jul 1996

Effects Of Climate Change On Hypoxia In Coastal Waters: A Doubled Co2 Scenario For The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Dubravko Justic, Nancy N. Rabalais, R. Eugene Turner

Faculty Publications

Projections of general circulation models suggest that freshwater discharge from the Mississippi River to the coastal ocean will increase 20% if atmospheric CO2 concentration doubles. This result is likely to affect water column stability, surface productivity, and global oxygen cycling in the northern Gulf of Mexico, which is the site of the largest (up to 16,500 km2) and most severe hypoxic zone (liter‒1) in the western Atlantic Ocean. We use a coupled physical-biological two-box model to investigate potential effects of climate change on seasonal oxygen cycling and hypoxia in river-dominated coastal waters. The model was developed and calibrated using comprehensive …

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Privatizing Public Lands, B. Gardner Delworth Jul 1996

Privatizing Public Lands, B. Gardner Delworth

Faculty Publications

The federal government owns and controls more than 4 7 percent of the land in the Western United States'. The Interior department has jurisdiction over approximately 450 million acres, most of it used primarily for livestock grazing and is managed by the Bureau of Land Management. The federal forests, managed by the Forest Service in the Department of Agriculture, contain about 325 million acres and include some of the prime timbergrowing lands in the world. Vast acreage's are also found in the national parks and Indian reservations. Most of federal land is used by recreationists of many types and is …

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Morphometry Of Juvenile And Subadult Loligo Pealei And L. Plei From The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Guillermo Sánchez, Harriet M. Perry, Christine B. Trigg, Michael Vecchione, Clyde Roper, Patricia M. Biesot Jul 1996

Morphometry Of Juvenile And Subadult Loligo Pealei And L. Plei From The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Guillermo Sánchez, Harriet M. Perry, Christine B. Trigg, Michael Vecchione, Clyde Roper, Patricia M. Biesot

Faculty Publications

Two species of Loligo are abundant in northern Gulf waters: the long-finned squid, Loligo pealei. and the arrow squid, Loligo plei. Variability within species and similarities between the species often hamper accurate identification. The two species more closely resemble each other in areas of sympatry. and there is overlap in almost all of the diagnostic characters. Small specimens of Loligo are not easily identified. and there are few studies detailing their morphometry. Because of the taxonomic uncertainties associated with the identification of juveniles and subadults of L. pealei and L. plei, the species were differentiated by isoelectric …

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Response Of Sedimentary Bacteria In A Louisiana Salt Marsh To Contamination By Diesel Fuel, Kevin R. Carman, Jay C. Means, Steven C. Pomarico Jun 1996

Response Of Sedimentary Bacteria In A Louisiana Salt Marsh To Contamination By Diesel Fuel, Kevin R. Carman, Jay C. Means, Steven C. Pomarico

Faculty Publications

In a 28 d microcosm study, we examined the effects of diesel-contaminated sediment on the sedimentary bacterial community of a Louisiana (USA) salt marsh that has been chronically exposed to petroleum hydrocarbons for decades. Diesel contaminants in microcosms as determined from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) concentration ranged from 0.55 to 55 ppm (dry weight). Bacterial metabolism (incorporation of 14C-acetate and 3H-leucine) and bacterial abundance were not affected by diesel-contaminated sediment at any concentration. Bacterial degradation of 14C-phenanthrene, however, increased in direct proportion to the amount of diesel- contaminated sediment added. Ambient sediment also exhibited significant capacity to degrade PAH. The …

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Settlement And Early Post-Settlement Survival Of Sessile Marine Invertebrates On Topographically Complex Surfaces: The Importance Of Refuge Dimensions And Adult Morphology, Linda J. Walters, David S. Wethey Jun 1996

Settlement And Early Post-Settlement Survival Of Sessile Marine Invertebrates On Topographically Complex Surfaces: The Importance Of Refuge Dimensions And Adult Morphology, Linda J. Walters, David S. Wethey

Faculty Publications

We predicted that both refuge dimension and growth form would influence settlement and short-term post-settlement success (≤7 d) of sessile marine invertebrates that live attached to hard substrata in low energy environments. Individuals with unlimited attachment to the substrata should rapidly be protected by their growth form, thus decreasing their need to settle in refuges and limiting the length of time any locations on heterogeneous substrata act as refuges. Alternatively, organisms with limited attachment to the substrata should remain susceptible to the causes of mortality for a longer time, and as a result should settle in high quality refuges (sites …

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Abundant Protein-Containing Particles In The Sea, Richard A. Long, Farooq Azam Jun 1996

Abundant Protein-Containing Particles In The Sea, Richard A. Long, Farooq Azam

Faculty Publications

The interaction of bacteria with particulate organic matter has implications for organic matter cycling and bacterial ecology in the ocean. Until recently, the focus has been on 'classical' particles visible by unaided eye (marine snow) or light microscopy. Recent discoveries of several new types of abundant particles, from sub-micrometer to sub-marine snow, are changing our ideas of the physical and chemical nature of the particle field with which pelagic bacteria interact. Previous workers have discovered polysaccharide-containing (Alcian Blue stainable) transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) ranging from 3 to 100s of micrometers. Looking for additional components of the sub-marine snow particle field, …

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Nutrient Changes In The Mississippi River And System Responses On The Adjacent Continental Shelf, Nancy N. Rabalais, R. Eugene Turner, Dubravko Justic, Quay Dortch, William J. Wiseman, Barun Sen Gupta Jun 1996

Nutrient Changes In The Mississippi River And System Responses On The Adjacent Continental Shelf, Nancy N. Rabalais, R. Eugene Turner, Dubravko Justic, Quay Dortch, William J. Wiseman, Barun Sen Gupta

Faculty Publications

The Mississippi River system ranks among the world's top 10 rivers in freshwater and sediment inputs to the coastal ocean. The river contributes 90% of the freshwater loading to the Gulf of Mexico, and terminates amidst one of the United States' most productive fisheries regions and the location of the largest zone of hypoxia, in the western Atlantic Ocean. Significant increases in riverine nutrient concentrations and loadings of nitrate and phosphorus and decreases in silicate have occurred this century, and have accelerated since 1950. Consequently, major alterations have occurred in the probable nutrient limitation and overall stoichiometric nutrient balance in …

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The Expression And Regulation Of Stats During 3t3-L1 Adipocyte Differentiation, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Ron F. Morrison, Paul F. Pilch May 1996

The Expression And Regulation Of Stats During 3t3-L1 Adipocyte Differentiation, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Ron F. Morrison, Paul F. Pilch

Faculty Publications

STATs (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) comprise a family of transcription factors that reside in the cytoplasm of resting cells. In response to a variety of stimuli, STATs become tyrosine- phosphorylated and translocate to the nucleus where they mediate transcriptional regulation. We have used the 3T3-L1 murine cell line to examine the expression of STAT proteins as a function of their differentiation into adipocytes. The expression of STATs 1, 3, and 5, but not of STAT 6, is markedly elevated in adipocytes as compared with their fibroblast precursors. Exposure of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) blocks …

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