Digital Commons Network^™

Estuarine Oiling Increases A Long-Term Decline In Mussel Growth*, R. Eugene Turner, Jennifer S. Spicer

Faculty Publications

The ribbed mussel, Geukensia granosissima, cycles nutrients, contributes to soil stability, and can be a major component of predator-prey communities in salt marshes. Mussels were exposed to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, and salt marshes remain contaminated eight years later. We hypothesized that the oiled mussels had reduced annual growth, altered population size frequency, and perhaps changed valve morphometrics. We sampled 10 marshes near Port Sulphur, LA, to measure the morphometrics of 133 mussels and their age-specific growth rate, and also the marsh oil content and percent vegetative cover. The relationships between valve weight, …

Climate Change Implications For Tidal Marshes And Food Web Linkages To Estuarine And Coastal Nekton, D D. Colombano, S. Y. Litvin, S. L. Ziegler, S. B. Alford, D. D. Colombano, M. A. Barbeau, J. Cebrian, R. M. Connolly, C. A. Currin, L. A. Deegan, J. S. Lesser, C. W. Martin, A. E. Mcdonald, C. Mcluckie, B. H. Morrison, J. W. Pahl, L. W. Risse, J. A. Smith, L. W. Staver, R. Eugene Turner, N. J. Waltham

Faculty Publications

Climate change is altering naturally fluctuating environmental conditions in coastal and estuarine ecosystems across the globe. Departures from long-term averages and ranges of environmental variables are increasingly being observed as directional changes [e.g., rising sea levels, sea surface temperatures (SST)] and less predictable periodic cycles (e.g., Atlantic or Pacific decadal oscillations) and extremes (e.g., coastal flooding, marine heatwaves). Quantifying the short- and long-term impacts of climate change on tidal marsh seascape structure and function for nekton is a critical step toward fisheries conservation and management. The multiple stressor framework provides a promising approach for advancing integrative, cross-disciplinary research on tidal …

Black Urban Ecologies And Structural Extermination, Etienne C. Toussaint

Faculty Publications

Residents of low-income, metropolitan communities across the United States frequently live in “food apartheid” neighborhoods—areas with limited access to nutrient-rich and fresh food. Local government law scholars, poverty law scholars, and political theorists have long argued that structural racism embedded in America’s political economy influences the uneven development of such Black urban ecologies. Accordingly, food justice scholars have called for local governments to develop urban agricultural markets that combat racism in global corporatized food systems by localizing food development. These demands have only amplified during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has ravaged Black communities where residents suffer from preexisting health conditions …

Examination Of Athlete Triad Symptoms Among Endurance-Trained Male Athletes: A Field Study, Erin M. Moore, Clemens Drenowatz, David F. Stodden, Kelly Pritchett, Thaddus C. Brodrick, Brittany T. Williams, Justin M. Goins, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee

Faculty Publications

Studies examining the physiological consequences associated with deficits in energy availability (EA) for male athletes are sparse. To examine male athlete triad components; low energy availability (LEA) with or without an eating disorder risk (ED), reproductive hormone [testosterone (T)], and bone mineral density (BMD) in endurance-trained male athletes during different training periods. A cross-sectional design with 14 participants (age: 26.4 ± 4.2 years; weight: 70.6 ± 6.4 kg; height: 179.5 ± 4.3 cm; BMI: 21.9 ± 1.8 kg/m2) were recruited from the local community. Two separate training weeks [low (LV) and high (HV) training volumes] were used to collect the …

Wage Enslavement: How The Tax System Holds Back Historically Disadvantaged Groups Of Americans, David Gamage, Goldburn P. Maynard Jr.

Faculty Publications

Despite the importance placed on equality of opportunity within United States political culture, the existing tax system inhibits historically disadvantaged groups from building wealth or catching up with historically more privileged groups. This effectively then traps many members of historically disadvantaged groups into a continued cycle of dependence on tax-disfavored wage and salary income, a phenomenon that we metaphorically label as “wage enslavement.” This Article explains this phenomenon and then calls for reform.

The Interplay Between Environmental Exposures And Covid-19 Risks In The Health Of Children, P D. Sly, B A. Trottier, C M. Bulka, S A. Cormier, P D. Sly, R C. Fry, K W. Kim, S Kleeberger, P Kumar, P J. Landrigan, K L. Carlsen, A Pascale, F Polack, M Ruchirawat, H J. Zar, W A. Suk

Faculty Publications

Background: An unusual feature of SARS-Cov-2 infection and the COVID-19 pandemic is that children are less severely affected than adults. This is especially paradoxical given the epidemiological links between poor air quality and increased COVID-19 severity in adults and that children are generally more vulnerable than adults to the adverse consequences of air pollution. Objectives: To identify gaps in knowledge about the factors that protect children from severe SARS-Cov-2 infection even in the face of air pollution, and to develop a transdisciplinary research strategy to address these gaps. Methods: An international group of researchers interested in children's environmental health was …

The Impact Of Covid-19 On Consumer Food Wastejel Codes, B E. Roe, K Bender, D Y. Qi

Faculty Publications

Perhaps no phenomenon has so quickly and radically altered household production parameters and daily food patterns as the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. We contemplate the immediate and longer-term implications of this public health crisis on the amount of food wasted by consumers. We conclude that the pandemic and its aftermath may improve household skills and management practices in a manner that reduces day-to-day household food waste. However, pandemic-driven disruptions may induce larger intermittent purges of food due to changes in work patterns and food service and food retailing availability. We recommend several steps to reduce waste as the pandemic …

Online-Delivered Group And Personal Exercise Programs To Support Low Active Older Adults' Mental Health During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Randomized Controlled Trial, M R. Beauchamp, R M. Hulteen, G R. Ruissen, Y Liu, M R. Beauchamp, C M. Wierts, K J. Waldhauser, S H. Harden, E Puterman

Faculty Publications

Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, experts in mental health science emphasized the importance of developing and evaluating approaches to support and maintain the mental health of older adults. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess whether a group-based exercise program relative to a personal exercise program (both delivered online) and waitlist control (WLC) can improve the psychological health of previously low active older adults during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The Seniors COVID-19 Pandemic and Exercise (SCOPE) trial was a 3-arm, parallel randomized controlled trial conducted between May and September 2020 in which …

'Vermillion' Sweetpotato, Don R. La Bonte, Christopher A. Clark, Tara P. Smith, Arthur Q. Villordon, C. Scott Stoddard

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of The Small Changes, Healthy Habits Pilot Program: Its Influence On Healthy Eating And Physical Activity Behaviors Of Adults In Louisiana, Praja Adhikari, Elizabeth Gollub

Faculty Publications

The community-based Small Changes, Healthy Habits (SCHH) program was developed to teach skills and techniques to help adults in Louisiana make and maintain small behavioral changes in their food selection, preparation, and consumption, and in physical activity routines. The content of this four-week program included habit formation and goal setting techniques; physical activity guidance; strategies for a healthier home food environment; a grocery store tour focused on label reading for healthier food selections; basic knife and cooking skills. The program was piloted at ten sites throughout the state. A survey with 14 core items was applied before and after the …

Host Genotype And Tissue Type Determine Dwv Infection Intensity, Hannah J. Penn, Michael Simone-Finstrom, Sarah Lang, Judy Chen, Kristen Healy

Faculty Publications

Varroa mite-vectored viruses such as Deformed wing virus (DWV) are of great concern for honey bee health as they can cause disease in individuals and increase colony mortality. Two genotypes of DWV (A and B) are prevalent in the United States and may have differential virulence and pathogenicity. Honey bee genetic stocks bred to resist Varroa mites also exhibit differential infection responses to the Varroa mite-vectored viruses. The goal of this project was to determine if interactions between host genotype could influence the overall infection levels and dissemination of DWV within honey bees. To do this, we injected DWV isolated …

A Multivariate Multiple Third-Variable Effect Analysis With An Application To Explore Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Obesity, Qingzhao Yu, Bin Li

Faculty Publications

Third-Variable effect refers to the intervening effect from a third variable (called mediators or confounders) to the observed relationship between an exposure and an outcome. The general multiple third-variable effect analysis method (TVEA) allows consideration of multiple mediators/confounders (MC) simultaneously and the use of linear and nonlinear predictive models for estimating MC effects. Previous studies have found that compared with non-Hispanic White population, Blacks and Hispanic Whites suffered disproportionally more with obesity and related chronic diseases. In this paper, we extend the general TVEA to deal with multivariate/multi-categorical predictors and multivariate response variables. We designed algorithms and an R package …

Caregiver Treatment Consumption In An Experimental Treatment Marketplace, Delaney J. Darragh

Faculty Publications

Behavioral economics is an approach to understanding consumer behavior by integrating behavioral science with economic principles. Behavioral economics incorporates traditional economic principles with operant learning approaches. There is limited research examining how individuals consume psychological and behavioral treatments. This is especially the case for treatments designed for children. The current study used data from a previously collected sample to explore gender differences in an experimental treatment marketplace (ETM). Experimental treatment marketplaces are generally used to evaluate choices between goods and services (e.g., types of behavior interventions). An ETM was developed to evaluate treatment consumption when levels of evidence differed between …

A Recipe For Success: Celebrating Faculty And Increasing Institutional Repository Participation, Josh Cromwell

Faculty Publications

When it comes to adding faculty publications to an institutional repository, time is of the essence. Many publishers allow authors to upload postprints to their institutional repositories; however, faculty do not tend to maintain their postprints for a long period after publication. How can librarians encourage faculty to report new publications in a timely manner? This recipe calls for hosting a reception honoring faculty with new publications, which combines a celebration of faculty achievement with outreach to increase IR uploads.

High-Performance Biocomposite Polyvinyl Alcohol (Pva) Films Modified With Cellulose Nanocrystals (Cncs), Tannic Acid (Ta), And Chitosan (Cs) For Food Packaging, Ruowen Tan, Feng Li, You Zhang, Zihui Yuan, Xuefei Feng, Wansong Zhang, Ting Liang, Jiwen Cao, Cornelis F. De Hoop, Xiaopeng Peng, Xingyan Huang

Faculty Publications

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been widely applied in industries for its low cost, nontoxicity, biodegradability, and renewable advantages. However, its unstable structure may not meet some strong physical and mechanical needs. In order to enhance the performances of the PVA film, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), tannic acid (TA), and chitosan (CS), working as a reinforcer, a crosslinker, and an antimicrobial agent, respectively, were introduced into the PVA matrix. The results indicated that CNCs, TA, and CS were evenly distributed and cohesively incorporated within the PVA matrix, which contributed to the good mechanical properties and thermal stabilities of biocomposite PVA films. Besides, …

Agronomic And Environmental Performance Of Biochar Amendment In Alluvial Soils Under Subtropical Sugarcane Production, Negar Tafti, Jim Wang, Lewis Gaston, Jong Hwan Park, Meng Wang, Scott Pensky

Faculty Publications

This study investigated the amendment of sugarcane bagasse biochar (SCBB) on soil fertility, crop yield, and nutrient loss in two different-textured soils under sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production. Eleven megagrams per hectare of freshly incorporated biochar increased yield of plant cane by 22% in light-texture soil (LS) and 12% in heavy-textured soil (HS). Although the overall yield of the ratoon crop was lower, the biochar treatment produced 20 and 14% higher yields than the control at the LS and HS sites, respectively. Biochar increased soil carbon (Csoil) across LS and HS sites by 15% and decreased the soil C/N ratio by …

Eat Clean And Safe Food: A Food-Based Dietary Guideline For The Elderly In South Africa, Makenzie Miller, Wilna Oldewage-Theron, Carin Napier

Faculty Publications

As the population of elderly individuals in South Africa (SA) grows, there is a need to promote the continued health of these persons as they progress through the life cycle. Food Based Dietary Guidelines (FBDGs) for the SA elderly were developed to address this need. These thirteen guidelines for the elderly collectively offer a basis of health practices that the elderly can follow to ensure that they are taking the right steps toward maintaining their health. While the guideline ‘Eat clean and safe food’ is not included in the current SA FBDGs, this recommendation is of particular importance to the …

Food And Beverages Promoting Elderly Health: Six Food-Based Dietary Guidelines To Plan Good Mixed Meals For Elderly South Africans, Sanjoy Saha, Upasana Mukherjee, Makenzie Miller, Li Ling Peng, Carin Napier, Heleen Grobbelaar, Wilna Oldewage-Theron

Faculty Publications

Studies have shown that the elderly are at a higher risk of developing malnutrition due to physiological and pathological changes. Several studies have confirmed that older South Africans have insufficient dietary diversity, resulting in nutritional deficiencies. Furthermore, poor and uninformed dietary choices are associated with the development of several diseases and increased mortality. Following the Elderly Food Based Dietary Guidelines (EFBDGs) related to promoting elderly health could ensure that the elderly have an adequate intake of nutritious foods. This paper provides an overview of six FBDGs relating to promoting health and is based on the South African Food Based Dietary …

Effects Of Immersion In Fermented Tea Liquid And Steam Treatments On Physicochemical Properties And Ginsenoside Profiles Of Korean Ginseng, Peerarat Doungtip, Kyung Tack Kim, Hee Do Hong, Shin Eun Ju, Jae Woong Choi, Thanyaporn Siriwoharn, Witoon Prinyawiwatkul, Sujinda Sriwattana

Faculty Publications

The study was performed to investigate some changes in physicochemical characteristics and ginsenoside profiles of Korean ginseng after being subjected to immersion in fermented tea liquid (FTL) [at a ratio of ginseng powder: FTL; 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8, w/w] and steam treatments (with and/or without steam). The ratio at 1:4 w/w showed the highest yield of bioactive components and was, therefore, selected to evaluate the effects of steam conditions [temperatures (60, 80, and 100°C) and times (1, 2, and 3 hr)]. The sample treated with FTL, regardless of the steam treatment, had darker color and higher antioxidant activity (IC50 for …

Effect Of Hydrological Fluctuation On Nutrient Stoichiometry And Trade-Offs Of Carex Schmidtii, Dongjie Zhang, Qing Qi, Shouzheng Tong, Jim Wang, Mingye Zhang, Guanglei Zhu, Xianguo Lu

Faculty Publications

Nutrient stoichiometry and trade-offs focusing on the mass balance of multiple nutrient elements play important roles in the response mechanism of plants to environmental stresses in wetlands. Nonetheless, little is known about the response dynamics and trade-offs of nutrient elements of wetland plants, especially potassium (K), under hydrological fluctuation conditions. Greenhouse experiments have been undertaken to assess the effects of initial water level (DW), water-level amplitude (AW), lasted time and their interactions on the response processes of nutrient stoichiometry of Carex schmidtii. Plant nutrient trade-offs and limitation were investigated under multiple hydrological fluctuation conditions. Results showed that plant nitrogen (N), …

Deep Brain Stimulation For Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Real World Experience Post-Fda-Humanitarian Use Device Approval, Lora Kahn, Brianne Sutton, Helena R. Winston, Aviva Abosch, John A. Thompson, Rachel E. Davis

Faculty Publications

While case series have established the efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), it has been our experience that few OCD patients present without comorbidities that affect outcomes associated with DBS treatment. Here we present our experience with DBS therapy for OCD in patients who all have comorbid disease, together with the results of our programming strategies. For this case series, we assessed five patients who underwent ventral capsule/ventral striatum (VC/VS) DBS for OCD between 2015 and 2019 at the University of Colorado Hospital. Every patient in this cohort exhibited comorbidities, including substance use disorders, eating …

Validity Of A Four-Item Household Water Insecurity Experiences Scale For Assessing Water Issues Related To Health And Well-Being, Sera L. Young, Joshua D. Miller, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Godfred O. Boateng, Zeina Jamaluddine, Torsten B. Neilands

Faculty Publications

We sought to determine whether a shortened version of the 12-item Household Water Insecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale, which measures water insecurity equivalently in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), is valid for broad use. Using data from 9,261 households in 25 LMICs, subsets of candidate items were evaluated on their predictive accuracy, criterion validity, and sensitivity-specificity. A subset with items assessing "worry," "changing plans," "limited drinking water," and "inability to wash hands" because of problems with water (range: 0-12) were highly correlated with full HWISE Scale scores (correlation coefficient: 0.949-0.980) and introduced minimal additional error (root mean square error: 2.13-2.68). Criterion …

Moving Beyond Giving Free Food: Specific Targeting And Tailoring In Response To Child Food Insecurity, Maryah Stella Fram, Edward A. Frongillo Jr.

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Examining Eating Attitudes And Behaviors In Collegiate Athletes, The Association Between Orthorexia Nervosa And Eating Disorders, Nancy A. Uriegas, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Kelly Pritchett, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee

Faculty Publications

Orthorexia nervosa (Orthorexia) is an eating attitude and behavior associated with a fixation on healthy eating, while eating disorders (EDs) are clinically diagnosed psychiatric disorders associated with marked disturbances in eating that may cause impairment to psychosocial and physical health. The purpose of this study was to examine risk for Orthorexia and EDs in student-athletes across sex and sport type and determine the association between the two. Student-athletes ( = 1,090; age: 19.6 ± 1.4 years; females = 756; males = 334) completed a survey including demographics, the ORTO-15 test (values), the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26; >20 score), and additional …

Red Beans And Rice Or Gumbo: Identity, The South, And Entry-Level English Classes, Jennifer Brannock

Faculty Publications

This recipe illustrates how active-learning techniques can be applied to first-year English composition classes. Exploring the theme of identity, materials are selected to engage students and encourage discussion. Using speed dating as the method of interaction, students dissect each item, focusing on the physical nature of the resource as well as the content. By emphasizing active-learning applications and employing them in the classes, the sessions require students to interact with the materials instead of merely viewing the resources as “objects.” The librarian’s role is to emphasize exploration and discovery, which allows students to become more comfortable with primary sources and …

The Effects Of Metacognitive Listening Strategy Instruction On Esl Learners’ Listening Motivation, Grant Eckstein, Corbin Kalanikiakahi Rivera, Benjamin L. Mcmurry, David Eddington

Faculty Publications

Prior studies examining the effects of listening strategy instruction on motivation have shown a positive correlation between the two. However, the participants of these studies all shared a first language (L1) and were not enrolled in an intensive English program (IEP). This study aims to investigate the correlation between listening strategy instruction and listening motivation in an IEP classroom for students from different L1s. Listening motivation was recorded utilizing the English Listening Comprehension Motivation Scale (ELCMS), and strategy use was tracked with the Metacognitive Awareness Listening Questionnaire (MALQ). Pre- and post-test scores of 56 participants (control group, n=30; experiment group, …

Nutritional Approach For Increasing Public Health During Pandemic Of Covid-19: A Comprehensive Review Of Antiviral Nutrients And Nutraceuticals, Vahideh Ebrahimzadeh-Attari, Ghodratollah Panahi, James R. Hébert Scd, Alireza Ostadrahimi, Maryam Saghafi-Asl, Neda Lotfi-Yaghin, Behzad Baradaran

Faculty Publications

Background: The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is considered as the most life-threatening pandemic disease during the last decade. The individual nutritional status, though usually ignored in the management of COVID-19, plays a critical role in the immune function and pathogenesis of infection. Accordingly, the present review article aimed to report the effects of nutrients and nutraceuticals on respiratory viral infections including COVID-19, with a focus on their mechanisms of action.

Methods: Studies were identified via systematic searches of the databases including PubMed/ MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar from 2000 until April 2020, using keywords. All relevant clinical and experimental studies …

Work–Leisure Blending: An Integrative Conceptual Review And Framework To Guide Future Research, Troy A. Smith, Marcus M. Butts, Stephen H. Courtright, Mat D. Duerden, Mark A. Widmer

Faculty Publications

Since the industrial revolution, work and leisure have largely been considered opposing domains. A growing number of organizations, however, enable and/or promote blending leisure activities into the workplace. Similarly, several conceptualizations across different disciplines examine how work and leisure can coexist. These different conceptualizations have yielded a rich but fragmented theoretical account of work–leisure blending. To address this problem, we provide a comprehensive theoretical integration of multiple literature streams where research has explored work–leisure blending. Further, we develop a tripartite dimensional framework designed to elucidate the central dimensions of work–leisure blending (i.e., segmentation– integration, unstructured–structured, and independent–interactive) undergirding this phenomenon. …

For The Children? A Mixed Methods Analysis Of World Bank Structural Adjustment Loans, Health Projects, And Infant Mortality In Latin America, Shiri Noy

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Social Media Discussions On (#)Diet By Blue, Red, And Swing States In The U.S, Amir Karami, A. A. Dahl, J. G. Shaw, S. P. Valappil, G. Turner-Mcgrievy, H. Kharrazi, P. Bozorgi

Faculty Publications

The relationship between political affiliations and diet-related discussions on social media has not been studied on a population level. This study used a cost- and -time effective framework to leverage, aggregate, and analyze data from social media. This paper enhances our understanding of diet-related discussions with respect to political orientations in U.S. states. This mixed methods study used computational methods to collect tweets containing “diet” or “#diet” shared in a year, identified tweets posted by U.S. Twitter users, disclosed topics of tweets, and compared democratic, republican, and swing states based on the weight of topics. A qualitative method was employed …