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Analysis Of Maize (Zea Mays Subsp. Mays) Pollen: Normalizing The Effects Of Microscope?Slide Mounting Media On Diameter Determinations, Andrew Sluyter Jan 1997

Analysis Of Maize (Zea Mays Subsp. Mays) Pollen: Normalizing The Effects Of Microscope?Slide Mounting Media On Diameter Determinations, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

Maize (Zea mays subsp. mays) dominates the record of prehistoric agriculture in the Neotropics. Nonetheless, many significant questions of Zea systematics and evolution persist. Palynology provides a record central to addressing those questions, but determining pollen grain diameter remains a significant method- ological issue: diameter is a key characteristic in identification, and diameter seems to be space-time dependent - the latter phenomenon but little understood. One issue in analyzing diam- eter is the confounding effect of microscope-slide mounting media. This study provides correction factors to normalize diam- eter among silicon oil, glycerine jelly, and acrylic resin (du Pont Elvacite), the …

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Landscape Change And Livestock In Sixteenth-Century New Spain: The Archival Data Base, Andrew Sluyter Jan 1997

Landscape Change And Livestock In Sixteenth-Century New Spain: The Archival Data Base, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

Despite the wealth of Mexican archival data pertinent to understanding the ecological interaction between livestock and landscape during the sixteenth century in New Spain, some fundamental methodological issues persist in the use of the mercedes, or land grants. The degree of completeness of the extant mercedes record and the de facto areal extents of the cattle and sheep estancias both remain uncertain. A cartographic method applied to mercedes for the central Veracruz lowlands addresses those issues and suggests a general method for rigorous analysis of the data base. That method demonstrates that the extant mercedes provide a nearly complete record …

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Development Of A Protein-Free Chemically Defined Culture Medium For The Propagation Of The Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus Marinus, J. F. La Peyre, M. Faisal Jan 1997

Development Of A Protein-Free Chemically Defined Culture Medium For The Propagation Of The Oyster Pathogen Perkinsus Marinus, J. F. La Peyre, M. Faisal

Faculty Publications

In the present study we describe a protein-free, chemically defined culture medium, designated JL-ODRP-3, which supports the propagation of Perkinsus marinus, a parasite of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. P. marinus adapted rapidly to the defined medium and the growth rate of the protozoan increased significantly following a few subcultures. Two isolates of P. marinus, one from the Chesapeake Bay (Virginia) and the other from the Gulf of Mexico (Texas) were cultured for at least ten passes. The doubling times for the isolates from Virginia and Texas, in log phase, were 18 ± 1.2 and 28.6 ± 3.2 hours respectively, …

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Attenuation, Persistence, And Vaccine Potential Of An Edwardsiella Ictaluri Pura Mutant, Mark L. Lawrence, Richard K. Cooper, Ronald L. Thune Jan 1997

Attenuation, Persistence, And Vaccine Potential Of An Edwardsiella Ictaluri Pura Mutant, Mark L. Lawrence, Richard K. Cooper, Ronald L. Thune

Faculty Publications

In this study, an adenine-auxotrophic strain of Edwardsiella ictaluri was constructed and its virulence, tissue persistence, and vaccine efficacy were evaluated. A clone containing the purA gene was isolated from an E. ictaluri genomic library, sequenced, and shown to have an overall sequence identity of 79.3% at the nucleotide level and 85.7% at the amino acid level with the Escherichia coli purA gene. The cloned E. ictaluri purA gene was mutated by deleting a 598-bp segment of the gene and inserting the kanamycin resistance gene from TraP03 into the gap. The ApurA::Km(r) gene was subcloned into the suicide plasmid pGP704, …

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Child Care Policy And The Welfare Reform Act, Peter R. Pitegoff Jan 1997

Child Care Policy And The Welfare Reform Act, Peter R. Pitegoff

Faculty Publications

This article sketches the 1996 Welfare Reform Act's major changes with particular attention to federally subsidized child care for low-income families.

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Public Justice: Toward A State Action Theory Of Alterative Dispute Resolution, Richard C. Reuben Jan 1997

Public Justice: Toward A State Action Theory Of Alterative Dispute Resolution, Richard C. Reuben

Faculty Publications

Various forms of alternative dispute resolution (ADR) are increasingly taking the place of litigation to resolve disagreements among parties. ADR is frequently imposed by court rule or legislative command for certain types of cases, or compelled by courts when private parties contract to use ADR. To date, ADR doctrine has focused on the structural issues attendant to bringing these processes into the mainstream of American dispute resolution. This Article contends that courts must now address the question of whether ADR-both court-related and contractual-can constitute state action, and therefore be subject to constitutional restraints. The author surveys the history and modern …

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Justice Scalia As A Modern Lord Devlin: Animus And Civil Burdens In Romer V. Evans, S. I. Strong Jan 1997

Justice Scalia As A Modern Lord Devlin: Animus And Civil Burdens In Romer V. Evans, S. I. Strong

Faculty Publications

In the late 1950s and early 1960s, the legal world was captivated by an ongoing debate between two of England's most respected jurists regarding whether and to what extent morality should be reflected in the law. The debate was instigated by the publication of the Wolfenden Report, a study presented to Parliament as it considered whether to repeal certain antisodomy laws in Great Britain. Lord Patrick Devlin, then a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary and later elevated to the House of Lords, Britain's highest court, opposed the conclusions contained in the Wolfenden Report and supported the continuation of the antisodomy …

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Generation Of Attosecond Pulses In Macroscopic Media, Philippe Antoine, Dejan B. Milošević, Anne L’Huillier, Mette B. Gaarde, Pascal Salières, Maciej Lewenstein Jan 1997

Generation Of Attosecond Pulses In Macroscopic Media, Philippe Antoine, Dejan B. Milošević, Anne L’Huillier, Mette B. Gaarde, Pascal Salières, Maciej Lewenstein

Faculty Publications

We describe theoretically the generation of ultrashort (subfemtosecond) pulses using high-order harmonics of a laser pulse with a time-dependent degree of ellipticity. The single-atom response is calculated by using a low-frequency strong-field approximation. Propagation effects are taken into account using a method going beyond the slowly varying envelope approximation. Propagation modifies significantly the results obtained in the single-atom response and, in certain conditions, makes the generation of one attosecond pulse possible. We discuss prospects for the observation of these ultrashort pulses. © 1997 The American Physical Society.

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Regulation Of Root-Associated Methanotrophy By Oxygen Availability In The Rhizosphere Of Two Aquatic Macrophytes, Aram Calhoun, Gary M. King Jan 1997

Regulation Of Root-Associated Methanotrophy By Oxygen Availability In The Rhizosphere Of Two Aquatic Macrophytes, Aram Calhoun, Gary M. King

Faculty Publications

The relative importance of oxygen for root-associated methanotrophy was examined by using sediment-free, intact freshwater marsh plants (Pontederia cordata and Sparganium eurycarpum) incubated in split chambers. The root medium contained approximately 100 μM methane. Methane oxidation was calculated from the difference between methane loss from chambers in the presence and absence of 1 mM 1-allyl-2-thiourea, a methanotrophic inhibitor. When the root medium was oxic, methane oxidation accounted for 88 and 63% of the total methane depletion for S. eurycarpum and P. cordata, respectively; the remainder represented diffusional loss to the atmosphere via roots, stems, and leaves. Under suboxic conditions, methane …

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Variational Methods, Bounds, And Size Effects For Composites With Highly Conducting Interface, Robert Lipton Jan 1997

Variational Methods, Bounds, And Size Effects For Composites With Highly Conducting Interface, Robert Lipton

Faculty Publications

New variational principles are developed for the effective conductivity tensor for anisotropic two-phase electric conductors. Here the interface between phases is assumed to be highly conducting. Extra geometric information is encoded into the principles through the solution operators of simpler transport problems. These operators can be expressed as gradients of simple layer potentials with densities supported on phase interfaces or in terms of simple Dirichlet problems inside each phase region. New upper bounds on the effective conductivity are found that depend upon component volume fractions, a surface energy tensor and a scale-free matrix of parameters. This matrix corresponds to the …

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Reciprocal Relations, Bounds, And Size Effects For Composites With Highly Conducting Interface, Robert Lipton Jan 1997

Reciprocal Relations, Bounds, And Size Effects For Composites With Highly Conducting Interface, Robert Lipton

Faculty Publications

We provide a reciprocal relation linking the effective conductivity of a composite with highly conducting phase interfaces to that of a composite with the same phase geometry but with an electrical contact resistance at phase interfaces. A field relationship linking the electric field inside a composite with highly conducting phase interfaces to the current in a composite with contact resistance between phases is found. New size effects exhibited by isotropic particulate suspensions with highly conducting interface are obtained. The effective properties of periodic composites are shown to be monotonically increasing as the size of the period cell tends to zero. …

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Effects Of Environmental Sodium Chloride On Percent Hatch, Yolk Utilization, And Survival Of Channel Catfish Fry, C. R. Weirich, T. R. Tiersch Jan 1997

Effects Of Environmental Sodium Chloride On Percent Hatch, Yolk Utilization, And Survival Of Channel Catfish Fry, C. R. Weirich, T. R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

Only limited research has addressed the effect of salinity on hatching of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus eggs, and no studies have evaluated the effect of salinity on fry development and survival. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of environmental sodium chloride (0, 1, 2, and 4 g/L NaCl) on percent hatch, yolk utilization, and survival of channel catfish fry. Experiments were conducted in recirculating systems using seven egg masses (1-2 d old). Each egg mass was divided into smaller portions which remained undissociated or were dissociated with sodium sulfite (NaSO3). Eggs were incubated until hatching. Wet and dry …

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International Human Rights Protection Against Psychiatric Political Abuses, George J. Alexander Jan 1997

International Human Rights Protection Against Psychiatric Political Abuses, George J. Alexander

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Telecommunications Act Of 1996: Codifying The Digital Divide, Allen S. Hammond Iv Jan 1997

The Telecommunications Act Of 1996: Codifying The Digital Divide, Allen S. Hammond Iv

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Context Of Employment Discrimination In Japan, Allen Madison Jan 1997

The Context Of Employment Discrimination In Japan, Allen Madison

Faculty Publications

This article compares employment practices and laws regarding discrimination in Japan to those in the United States. Then it compares the cultural contexts in which discrimination and related regulation exist in each country. The article concludes that the Japanese laws are effective in the context of Japanese culture and that they are more likely to change Japanese attitudes about age, race, and gender in making hiring and promotion decisions than laws in the United States.

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Empire Forgotten: The United States's Colonization Of Puerto Rico, Ediberto Román Jan 1997

Empire Forgotten: The United States's Colonization Of Puerto Rico, Ediberto Román

Faculty Publications

This Article tells a story of two countries: the first, a world power through its noble proclamations concerning human rights, led the charge for the recognition of a people's right to choose their political and socio-economic future; the second, because of its domination by the first, has been unable to have its people choose their political and socio-economic future. 10 In analyzing this relationship, this Article demonstrates how the United States, by denouncing imperialism while at the same time quietly enjoying its benefits, resembles the "colonizer who refuses."

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The Case For A Permanent International Truth Commission, Michael P. Scharf Jan 1997

The Case For A Permanent International Truth Commission, Michael P. Scharf

Faculty Publications

This Article presents the case for the establishment of a permanent international truth commission as an adjunct to a permanent international criminal court or domestic prosecutions. Such a commission would be available to countries in the aftermath of situations involving grave humanitarian or human rights crimes. From the experience of the several international and national truth commissions established to date, this Article seeks to distill a framework for a pro- posed permanent international truth commission which would avoid the major problems that afflicted its predecessors. A draft statute for a permanent international truth commission is appended at the end of …

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Nine Guidelines And A Reflection On Internet Copyright Practice, Howard C. Anawalt Jan 1997

Nine Guidelines And A Reflection On Internet Copyright Practice, Howard C. Anawalt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Intellectual Property Renaissance In Cyberspace: Why Copyright Law Could Be Unimportant On The Internet, Eric Goldman Jan 1997

The Intellectual Property Renaissance In Cyberspace: Why Copyright Law Could Be Unimportant On The Internet, Eric Goldman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Stories From The Gender Garden: Transsexuals And Anti-Discrimination Law, Patricia A. Cain Jan 1997

Stories From The Gender Garden: Transsexuals And Anti-Discrimination Law, Patricia A. Cain

Faculty Publications

Federal antidiscrimination law (Title VII) and most state antidiscrimination laws do not apply to discrimination against transsexual persons. The standard legal analysis is that such discrimination is not discrimination on the basis of "sex." This article employs a narrative method in order to raise the reader's consciousness about the lives of transsexual and transgendered persons. Specifically, the article focuses on the stories of female-to-male transsexuals (FTMs) and other females who have embraced male attributes (e.g., butch lesbians). The very existence of many FTMs who are part-male and part-female challenges the bipolar nature of our current sex jurisprudence which assumes that …

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How To Encourage Global Electronic Commerce: The Case For Private Currencies On The Internet, Kerry L. Macintosh Jan 1997

How To Encourage Global Electronic Commerce: The Case For Private Currencies On The Internet, Kerry L. Macintosh

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Trials Of Two Centuries: Lizzie Borden Meets O.J. Simpson, Gerald F. Uelmen Jan 1997

The Trials Of Two Centuries: Lizzie Borden Meets O.J. Simpson, Gerald F. Uelmen

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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How Their Audiences Knew Them: Forgotten Media And The Circulation Of Poetry By Women, Paula R. Feldman Jan 1997

How Their Audiences Knew Them: Forgotten Media And The Circulation Of Poetry By Women, Paula R. Feldman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Ellipsometric And Raman Spectroscopic Study Of Thermally Formed Films On Titanium, E. Hristova, Lj. Arsov, Branko N. Popov, Ralph E. White Jan 1997

Ellipsometric And Raman Spectroscopic Study Of Thermally Formed Films On Titanium, E. Hristova, Lj. Arsov, Branko N. Popov, Ralph E. White

Faculty Publications

Thermal films on titanium surfaces were formed by heating titanium samples in air at atmospheric pressure. The optical constants, thickness, and structure of the formed films at various temperatures and times of heating were investigated by ellipsometry and Raman spectroscopy. The complex index of refraction and the thickness of generated films were determined by comparing the experimental loci and obtained by ellipsometric measurements with theoretical computed vs. curves. It was found that the thickness in homogeneity and porosity of formed films increase with increasing temperature and the duration of the thermal treatment. Beyond a certain critical temperature, the appearance of …

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The Effects Of Organic Compounds On Inhibition Of Hydrogen Permeation Through A Mild Steel Membrane, H. A. Duarte, D. M. See, Branko N. Popov, Ralph E. White Jan 1997

The Effects Of Organic Compounds On Inhibition Of Hydrogen Permeation Through A Mild Steel Membrane, H. A. Duarte, D. M. See, Branko N. Popov, Ralph E. White

Faculty Publications

The effectiveness of 5-(4-pyridyl)-2,7-nonadiene, and 1 phenyl-2-propyn-ol (PP) on inhibition of the hydrogen evolution reaction on a 1010 steel membrane and on the degree of hydrogen ingress into the membrane was determined. Hydrogen evolution rates and permeation currents were monitored as a function of time at different applied potentials. In the presence of 0.5 g/liter PP in the electrolyte, the hydrogen discharge and permeation current density were inhibited by 98 and95%, respectively.

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Mobile Agents, Michael N. Huhns, Munindar P. Singh Jan 1997

Mobile Agents, Michael N. Huhns, Munindar P. Singh

Faculty Publications

A lot of agents are executing on the Web, and some of them are starting to move around. While most agents are static (existing as a single process or thread on one host), others can pick up and move their code and data to a new host where they resume executing.

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Goethe's Die Leiden Des Jungen Werthers: An Epistolary Novel, Or A Stage Drama In Disguise?, Ilona Klein Jan 1997

Goethe's Die Leiden Des Jungen Werthers: An Epistolary Novel, Or A Stage Drama In Disguise?, Ilona Klein

Faculty Publications

Photography of the late 1920s generated repercussions in other fields of the arts. It sparked an interdisciplinary interest in critics who balked at viewing the frozen images as merely one moment's reality, and who wanted, instead, to recompose and integrate underlying cultural, literary, or political discourse within the photographic frame. This fertile interdisciplinary backing guaranteed an in-depth interpretative dissection of artistic expression which had not been previously possible. The small photograph, a still visual image, became connected to the larger visual images of stage sets-these, a series of visual, immobile backgrounds which framed the caracters acting within.

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A Post-Conference Reflection On Separate Ethical Aspirations For Adr's Not-So-Separate Practitioners, John Q. Barrett Jan 1997

A Post-Conference Reflection On Separate Ethical Aspirations For Adr's Not-So-Separate Practitioners, John Q. Barrett

Faculty Publications

At "The Lawyer's Duties and Responsibilities in Dispute Resolution" Symposium at South Texas College of Law, Oct. 25, 1996, a central topic of discussion was ADR's ethical separateness. There was a shared sense that ADR providers and practitioners confront a range of ethical issues that differ from those that confront non-ADR lawyers. On this view, because rules of professional responsibility are geared toward more adversarial forms of legal practice, they at best provide no answers and may provide wrong answers to ethical questions that arise in ADR. One solution would be to create new, separate, "role-specific" ethics rules for ADR …

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Whoever Fights Monsters Should See To It That In The Process He Does Not Become A Monster: Hunting The Sexual Predator With Silver Bullets -- Federal Rules Of Evidence 413-415 -- And A Stake Through The Heart -- Kansas V. Hendricks, Joelle A. Moreno Jan 1997

Whoever Fights Monsters Should See To It That In The Process He Does Not Become A Monster: Hunting The Sexual Predator With Silver Bullets -- Federal Rules Of Evidence 413-415 -- And A Stake Through The Heart -- Kansas V. Hendricks, Joelle A. Moreno

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Second-Best Solution: The First Amendment, Broadcast Indecency, And The V-Chip [Comments], Howard M. Wasserman Jan 1997

Second-Best Solution: The First Amendment, Broadcast Indecency, And The V-Chip [Comments], Howard M. Wasserman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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