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Constituting Safety In Hunter’S Education: An Analysis Of Safety Messages In Texas Hunter’S Training Discourse, R. Tyler Spradley Jan 2020

Constituting Safety In Hunter’S Education: An Analysis Of Safety Messages In Texas Hunter’S Training Discourse, R. Tyler Spradley

Faculty Publications

Risk communication includes safety messages to reduce the likelihood of hazard and increase the likelihood of reliability. Hunter’s education in the state of Texas uses safety messages to reduce fatal or injurious incidents and to promote a positive image of hunting as a safe, leisure sport. Analysis of Texas’ hunters education training materials and messages related to safety reveals that safety messages construct an image of hunters as practicing safety first, conservationists, ethical, law abiding, and other-oriented. Given Texas safety record, much is to be learned about safety messaging that adopts a positive or ideal image that the trainee identifies.

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Of American Fragility: Public Rituals, Human Rights, And The End Of Invisible Man, Etienne C. Toussaint Jan 2020

Of American Fragility: Public Rituals, Human Rights, And The End Of Invisible Man, Etienne C. Toussaint

Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed the fragility of American democracy in at least two important ways. First, the coronavirus has ravaged Black communities across the United States, unmasking decades of inequitable laws and public policies that have rendered Black lives socially and economically isolated from adequate health care services, educational resources, housing stability, environmental security, stable and living wage jobs, generational wealth, and other institutional structures necessary for resilience. Second, government-mandated social distancing in response to the coronavirus has failed to dampen America’s racially biased, violent, and supervisory policing culture, reigniting demands from the Movement for Black Lives for police …

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Taxonomic Resolution Affects Host-Parasite Association Model Performance, Tad A. Dallas, Daniel J. Becker Jan 2020

Taxonomic Resolution Affects Host-Parasite Association Model Performance, Tad A. Dallas, Daniel J. Becker

Faculty Publications

© 2020 Georg Thieme Verlag. All rights reserved. Identifying the factors that structure host-parasite interactions is fundamental to understand the drivers of species distributions and to predict novel cross-species transmission events. More phylogenetically related host species tend to have more similar parasite associations, but parasite specificity may vary as a function of transmission mode, parasite taxonomy, or life history. Accordingly, analyses that attempt to infer host-parasite associations using combined data on different parasite groups may perform quite differently relative to analyses on each parasite subset. In essence, are more data always better when predicting host-parasite associations, or does parasite taxonomic …

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The Nagoya Protocol And The Legal Structure Of Global Biogenomic Research, Sam F. Halabi, Michelle Rourke, Gian Luca Burci, Rebecca Katz Jan 2020

The Nagoya Protocol And The Legal Structure Of Global Biogenomic Research, Sam F. Halabi, Michelle Rourke, Gian Luca Burci, Rebecca Katz

Faculty Publications

As life sciences technologies have advanced, so too has the potential for these international collaborations to lead to breakthrough medicines, enhance food security, and protect ecological systems. The linchpin of this progress is the development of high throughput genetic sequencing technologies. Researchers are now able to generate and compare large stretches of DNA - 1 million bases or more - from different sources quickly and inexpensively. Such comparisons can yield massive amounts of information about the role of inheritance in susceptibility to infection and illness as well as responses to environmental influences. In addition, the ability to sequence genomes more …

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Early Access To Unapproved Medicines In The United States And France, Erika Lietzan Jan 2020

Early Access To Unapproved Medicines In The United States And France, Erika Lietzan

Faculty Publications

In 2018, President Trump signed a federal "right to try" law, claiming that it would give desperately ill patients earlier access to unapproved medicines, by allowing the patient, doctor, and drug company to arrange for access without federal oversight. Critics of the law argued that it would not meaningfully increase access to experimental medicines, because federal oversight was not the obstacle in the first place. And they were correct. U.S. law already permitted companies to provide terminally ill patients with early access to unapproved medicines. The problem was instead that companies did not take advantage of this option. This Article …

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Evaluating Appropriateness And Diagnostic Stewardship Opportunities Of Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Gastrointestinal Testing Within A Hospital System, Melissa O'Neal, Hanna Murray, Sangita Dash, Majdi N. Al-Hasan, Julie Ann Justo, P Brandon Bookstaver Jan 2020

Evaluating Appropriateness And Diagnostic Stewardship Opportunities Of Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Gastrointestinal Testing Within A Hospital System, Melissa O'Neal, Hanna Murray, Sangita Dash, Majdi N. Al-Hasan, Julie Ann Justo, P Brandon Bookstaver

Faculty Publications

Objective: This single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study evaluates the appropriateness of the BioFire® FilmArray® Gastrointestinal (GI) multiplex PCR panel testing at a community-teaching hospital. Methods: All adult, hospitalized patients at Prisma Health Richland Hospital with a documented GI multiplex PCR panel from 1 April 2015 through 28 February 2018 were included in the analysis. Inappropriate use of the GI panel was defined as a test obtained without documented diarrhea, greater than 2 days of hospitalization, redundant use with other diagnostic tests (e.g. PCR), or laxative use in the preceding 48 h. Antibiotic use and host variables were compared between groups …

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Online Availability Of Fish Antibiotics And Documented Intent For Self-Medication, Weiwei Zhang, Austin Williams, Nicole Griffith, Jessica Gaskins, P Brandon Bookstaver Jan 2020

Online Availability Of Fish Antibiotics And Documented Intent For Self-Medication, Weiwei Zhang, Austin Williams, Nicole Griffith, Jessica Gaskins, P Brandon Bookstaver

Faculty Publications

Self-medication and antibiotic utilization without healthcare oversight may lead to delayed appropriate treatment, transmission of communicable infections, untoward adverse events, and contribute to antimicrobial resistance. Previous data suggest people obtain over-the-counter (OTC) animal antibiotics for their personal use. This study examined the availability of OTC fish antibiotics online and the documented intent for self-medication. The authors conducted a web-based cross-sectional study using Google search engine to identify vendor websites selling fish antibiotics in the United States. Vendor websites were included if product information, consumer reviews, and comments were publicly available. Nine fish antibiotics were chosen due to their possibility of …

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Susceptibility Of Swine Cells And Domestic Pigs To Sars-Cov-2, David A. Meekins, Igor Morozov, Jessie D. Trujillo, Natasha N. Gaudreault, Dashzeveg Bold, Mariano Carossino, Bianca L. Artiaga, Sabarish V. Indran, Taeyong Kwon, Velmurugan Balaraman, Daniel W. Madden, Heinz Feldmann, Jamie Henningson, Wenjun Ma, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya, Juergen A. Richt Jan 2020

Susceptibility Of Swine Cells And Domestic Pigs To Sars-Cov-2, David A. Meekins, Igor Morozov, Jessie D. Trujillo, Natasha N. Gaudreault, Dashzeveg Bold, Mariano Carossino, Bianca L. Artiaga, Sabarish V. Indran, Taeyong Kwon, Velmurugan Balaraman, Daniel W. Madden, Heinz Feldmann, Jamie Henningson, Wenjun Ma, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya, Juergen A. Richt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Framework For A Community Health Observing System For The Gulf Of Mexico Region: Preparing For Future Disasters, P Sandifer, L Knapp, M Lichtveld, R Manley, P Sandifer, R Caffey, D Cochran, T Collier, K Ebi, L Engel, J Farrington, M Finucane, C Hale, D Halpern, E Harville, L Hart, Y Hswen, B Kirkpatrick, B Mcewen, G Morris, R Orbach, L Palinkas, M Partyka, D Porter, G Prather, T Rowles, G Scott, T Seeman, H Solo-Gabriele, E Svendsen, T Tincher, J Trtanj, A H. Walker, R Yehuda Jan 2020

Framework For A Community Health Observing System For The Gulf Of Mexico Region: Preparing For Future Disasters, P Sandifer, L Knapp, M Lichtveld, R Manley, P Sandifer, R Caffey, D Cochran, T Collier, K Ebi, L Engel, J Farrington, M Finucane, C Hale, D Halpern, E Harville, L Hart, Y Hswen, B Kirkpatrick, B Mcewen, G Morris, R Orbach, L Palinkas, M Partyka, D Porter, G Prather, T Rowles, G Scott, T Seeman, H Solo-Gabriele, E Svendsen, T Tincher, J Trtanj, A H. Walker, R Yehuda

Faculty Publications

The Gulf of Mexico (GoM) region is prone to disasters, including recurrent oil spills, hurricanes, floods, industrial accidents, harmful algal blooms, and the current COVID-19 pandemic. The GoM and other regions of the U.S. lack sufficient baseline health information to identify, attribute, mitigate, and facilitate prevention of major health effects of disasters. Developing capacity to assess adverse human health consequences of future disasters requires establishment of a comprehensive, sustained community health observing system, similar to the extensive and well-established environmental observing systems. We propose a system that combines six levels of health data domains, beginning with three existing, national surveys …

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Effect Of Mitigation Measures On The Spreading Of Covid-19 In Hard-Hit States In The Us, K M. Tam, N Walker, J Moreno Jan 2020

Effect Of Mitigation Measures On The Spreading Of Covid-19 In Hard-Hit States In The Us, K M. Tam, N Walker, J Moreno

Faculty Publications

State government-mandated social distancing measures have helped to slow the growth of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Many of the current predictive models of the development of COVID-19, especially after mitigation efforts, partially rely on extrapolations from data collected in other countries. Since most states enacted stay-at-home orders towards the end of March, the resulting effects of social distancing should be reflected in the death and infection counts by the end of April. Using the data available through April 25(th), we investigate the change in the infection rate due to the mitigation efforts and project death and infection …

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Who’S Afraid Of Ebola? Epidemic Fires And Locative Fears In The Information Age, W. Shrum, J. Aggrey, A. Campos, J. Pamplona Da Costa, J. Joseph, P. Kreimer, R. Kroeger, L. Medina, P. Miller, A. Palackal, A. Pandal De La Peza, A. Traore Jan 2020

Who’S Afraid Of Ebola? Epidemic Fires And Locative Fears In The Information Age, W. Shrum, J. Aggrey, A. Campos, J. Pamplona Da Costa, J. Joseph, P. Kreimer, R. Kroeger, L. Medina, P. Miller, A. Palackal, A. Pandal De La Peza, A. Traore

Faculty Publications

Epidemics have traditionally been viewed as the widespread occurrence of infectious disease within a community, or a sudden increase above what is typical. But modern epidemics are both more and less than the diffusion of viral entities. We argue that epidemics are 'fire objects', using a term coined by Law and Singleton: They generate locative fears through encounters that focus attention on entities that are unknown or imprecisely known, transforming spaces and humans into indeterminate dangers, alternating appearance and absence. The Ebola epidemic of 2014 had more complex impacts than the number of infections would suggest. We employ multi-sited qualitative …

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Artificial Intelligence And Covid-19: Deep Learning Approaches For Diagnosis And Treatment, M. B. Jamshidi, A. Lalbakhsh, J. Talla, Z. Peroutka, F. Hadjilooei, P Lalbakhsh, M. Jamshidi, L. La Spada, M. Mirmozafari, M. Dehghani, A. Sabet, Sa. Roshani, So. Roshani, N. Bayat-Makou, B. Mohamadzade, Z. Malek, A. Jamshidi, S. Kiani, H. Hashemi-Dezaki, W. Mohyuddin Jan 2020

Artificial Intelligence And Covid-19: Deep Learning Approaches For Diagnosis And Treatment, M. B. Jamshidi, A. Lalbakhsh, J. Talla, Z. Peroutka, F. Hadjilooei, P Lalbakhsh, M. Jamshidi, L. La Spada, M. Mirmozafari, M. Dehghani, A. Sabet, Sa. Roshani, So. Roshani, N. Bayat-Makou, B. Mohamadzade, Z. Malek, A. Jamshidi, S. Kiani, H. Hashemi-Dezaki, W. Mohyuddin

Faculty Publications

COVID-19 outbreak has put the whole world in an unprecedented difficult situation bringing life around the world to a frightening halt and claiming thousands of lives. Due to COVID-19 & x2019;s spread in 212 countries and territories and increasing numbers of infected cases and death tolls mounting to 5,212,172 and 334,915 (as of May 22 2020), it remains a real threat to the public health system. This paper renders a response to combat the virus through Artificial Intelligence (AI). Some Deep Learning (DL) methods have been illustrated to reach this goal, including Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), …

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Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Disease And Transmission In Domestic Cats, N N. Gaudreault, J D. Trujillo, M Carossino, D A. Meekins, N N. Gaudreault, D W. Madden, S V. Indran, D Bold, V Balaraman, T Kwon, B L. Artiaga, K Cool, A Garcia-Sastre, W J. Ma, W C. Wilson, J Henningson, U Balasuriya, J A. Richt Jan 2020

Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Disease And Transmission In Domestic Cats, N N. Gaudreault, J D. Trujillo, M Carossino, D A. Meekins, N N. Gaudreault, D W. Madden, S V. Indran, D Bold, V Balaraman, T Kwon, B L. Artiaga, K Cool, A Garcia-Sastre, W J. Ma, W C. Wilson, J Henningson, U Balasuriya, J A. Richt

Faculty Publications

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and responsible for the current pandemic. Recent SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility studies in cats show that the virus can replicate in these companion animals and transmit to other cats. Here, we present an in-depth study of SARS-CoV-2 infection, disease and transmission in domestic cats. Cats were challenged with SARS-CoV-2 via intranasal and oral routes. One day post challenge (DPC), two sentinel cats were introduced. Animals were monitored for clinical signs, clinicopathological abnormalities and viral shedding. Postmortem examinations were performed at 4, 7 and 21 DPC. Viral RNA …

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Emerging Infectious Disease, The Household Built Environment Characteristics, And Urban Planning: Evidence On Avian Influenza In Vietnam, James H. Spencer, Melissa L. Finucane, Jefferson M. Fox, Sumeet Saksena, Nargis Sultana Jan 2020

Emerging Infectious Disease, The Household Built Environment Characteristics, And Urban Planning: Evidence On Avian Influenza In Vietnam, James H. Spencer, Melissa L. Finucane, Jefferson M. Fox, Sumeet Saksena, Nargis Sultana

Faculty Publications

Recent concerns with pandemic outbreaks of human disease and their origins in animal populations have ignited concerns regarding connections between Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) and development. As disasters, health, and infectious disease become part of planning concern (Matthew & McDonald, 2007), greater focus on household infrastructure and EID disease outbreaks among poultry is warranted. Following Spencer (2013), this study examines the relationship between the mix of household-scale water supplies, sanitation systems, and construction materials, and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) among poultry in a developing country: Vietnam. Findings of our multivariate logistic regressions suggest that a non-linear, Kuznets-shaped urban transition …

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Estimating The Need For Additional Bankruptcy Judges In Light Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Benjamin Iverson, Jared A. Ellias, Mark Roe Jan 2020

Estimating The Need For Additional Bankruptcy Judges In Light Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Benjamin Iverson, Jared A. Ellias, Mark Roe

Faculty Publications

In this Article, we present the first effort to use an empirical approach to bolster the capacity of the bankruptcy system during a national crisis—here, the COVID-19 crisis. We provide two analyses, one using data from May 2020, very early on in the crisis, and another using data from September 2020, closer to the publication of this Article. Our analysis is based on an empirical observation: Historically, an increase in the unemployment rate has been a leading indicator of a rise in bankruptcy filings. If this historical trend continues to hold, the May 2020 unemployment rate of 13.3% would have …

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Lessons From Disaster: Assessing The Covid19 Response In Youth Jails & Prisons, Madalyn K. Wasilczuk Jan 2020

Lessons From Disaster: Assessing The Covid19 Response In Youth Jails & Prisons, Madalyn K. Wasilczuk

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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A Multi-Stage Machine Learning Approach To Predict Dengue Incidence: A Case Study In Mexico, Annalisa Appice, Yulia R. Gel, Iliyan Iliev, Vyacheslav Lyubchich, Donato Malerba Jan 2020

A Multi-Stage Machine Learning Approach To Predict Dengue Incidence: A Case Study In Mexico, Annalisa Appice, Yulia R. Gel, Iliyan Iliev, Vyacheslav Lyubchich, Donato Malerba

Faculty Publications

© 2013 IEEE. The mosquito-borne dengue fever is a major public health problem in tropical countries, where it is strongly conditioned by climate factors such as temperature. In this paper, we formulate a holistic machine learning strategy to analyze the temporal dynamics of temperature and dengue data and use this knowledge to produce accurate predictions of dengue, based on temperature on an annual scale. The temporal dynamics are extracted from historical data by utilizing a novel multi-stage combination of auto-encoding, window-based data representation and trend-based temporal clustering. The prediction is performed with a trend association-based nearest neighbour predictor. The effectiveness …

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Severe Air Pollution Events Not Avoided By Reduced Anthropogenic Activities During Covid-19 Outbreak, P F. Wang, K Y. Chen, S Q. Zhu, P Wang, P F. Wang Jan 2020

Severe Air Pollution Events Not Avoided By Reduced Anthropogenic Activities During Covid-19 Outbreak, P F. Wang, K Y. Chen, S Q. Zhu, P Wang, P F. Wang

Faculty Publications

Due to the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 in China, almost all avoidable activities in China are prohibited since Wuhan announced lockdown on January 23, 2020. With reduced activities, severe air pollution events still occurred in the North China Plain, causing discussions regarding why severe air pollution was not avoided. The Community Multi-scale Air Quality model was applied during January 01 to February 12, 2020 to study PM2.5 changes under emission reduction scenarios. The estimated emission reduction case (Case 3) better reproduced PM2.5. Compared with the case without emission change (Case 1), Case 3 predicted that PM2.5 concentrations decreased by …

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Internet Of Things For Sustainable Human Health, Abdul Salam Jan 2020

Internet Of Things For Sustainable Human Health, Abdul Salam

Faculty Publications

The sustainable health IoT has the strong potential to bring tremendous improvements in human health and well-being through sensing, and monitoring of health impacts across the whole spectrum of climate change. The sustainable health IoT enables development of a systems approach in the area of human health and ecosystem. It allows integration of broader health sub-areas in a bigger archetype for improving sustainability in health in the realm of social, economic, and environmental sectors. This integration provides a powerful health IoT framework for sustainable health and community goals in the wake of changing climate. In this chapter, a detailed description …

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Internet Of Things In Water Management And Treatment, Abdul Salam Jan 2020

Internet Of Things In Water Management And Treatment, Abdul Salam

Faculty Publications

The goal of the water security IoT chapter is to present a comprehensive and integrated IoT based approach to environmental quality and monitoring by generating new knowledge and innovative approaches that focus on sustainable resource management. Mainly, this chapter focuses on IoT applications in wastewater and stormwater, and the human and environmental consequences of water contaminants and their treatment. The IoT applications using sensors for sewer and stormwater monitoring across networked landscapes, water quality assessment, treatment, and sustainable management are introduced. The studies of rate limitations in biophysical and geochemical processes that support the ecosystem services related to water quality …

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Teaching Global Health In The Time Of Covid-19: Key Concepts For Social Studies Classrooms, Mark Helmsing, Shiri Noy Jan 2020

Teaching Global Health In The Time Of Covid-19: Key Concepts For Social Studies Classrooms, Mark Helmsing, Shiri Noy

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Mers-Cov Infection In South Korea And Strategies For Possible Future Outbreak: Narrative Review, Chulwoo Park Dec 2019

Mers-Cov Infection In South Korea And Strategies For Possible Future Outbreak: Narrative Review, Chulwoo Park

Faculty Publications

Although there were some positive viewpoints from international press and academia that the Republic of Korea (hereafter South Korea) successfully controlled the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in 2015, the domestic point of view towards the MERS response in South Korea was critical. As people in the world’s 11th largest economy, South Koreans criticized the failure of hospitals’ initial response to the MERS index case and the lack of a proper control strategy for secondary and tertiary cases. To contain the MERS outbreak, South Korea implemented mainly three MERS control and intervention strategies: quarantine and isolation system, temporary closure …

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Development And Evaluation Of A One-Step Multiplex Real-Time Taqman® Rt-Qpcr Assay For The Detection And Genotyping Of Equine G3 And G14 Rotaviruses In Fecal Samples, Mariano Carossino, Maria E. Barrandeguy, Erdal Erol, Yanqiu Li, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya Dec 2019

Development And Evaluation Of A One-Step Multiplex Real-Time Taqman® Rt-Qpcr Assay For The Detection And Genotyping Of Equine G3 And G14 Rotaviruses In Fecal Samples, Mariano Carossino, Maria E. Barrandeguy, Erdal Erol, Yanqiu Li, Udeni B. R. Balasuriya

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Anti-Viral Immunity In The Tumor Microenvironment: Implications For The Rational Design Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Oncolytic Virotherapy, Paul J.F. Rider, Ifeanyi K. Uche, Larissa Sweeny, Konstantin G. Kousoulas Dec 2019

Anti-Viral Immunity In The Tumor Microenvironment: Implications For The Rational Design Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Oncolytic Virotherapy, Paul J.F. Rider, Ifeanyi K. Uche, Larissa Sweeny, Konstantin G. Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

© 2019, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Purpose of Review: The design of novel herpes simplex type I (HSV-1)–derived oncolytic virotherapies is a balancing act between safety, immunogenicity, and replicative potential. We have undertaken this review to better understand how these considerations can be incorporated into rational approaches to the design of novel herpesvirus oncolytic virotherapies. Recent Findings: Several recent papers have demonstrated that enhancing the potential of HSV-1 oncolytic viruses to combat anti-viral mechanisms present in the tumor microenvironment leads to greater efficacy than their parental viruses. Summary: It is not entirely clear how the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment affects oncolytic …

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Elevated Levels Of Type 2 Respiratory Innate Lymphoid Cells In Human Infants With Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis, Luan D. Vu, David Siefker, Tamekia L. Jones, Dahui You, Ryleigh Taylor, John Devincenzo, Stephania A. Cormier Dec 2019

Elevated Levels Of Type 2 Respiratory Innate Lymphoid Cells In Human Infants With Severe Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis, Luan D. Vu, David Siefker, Tamekia L. Jones, Dahui You, Ryleigh Taylor, John Devincenzo, Stephania A. Cormier

Faculty Publications

© 2019 by the American Thoracic Society. Rationale: Studies of the immune responses at the site of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection are sparse despite nearly five decades of research into understanding RSV disease. Objectives: To investigate the role of mucosal innate immune responses to RSV and respiratory viral load in infants hospitalized with the natural disease. Methods: Cytokines, viral load, and type 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) levels in nasal aspirates, collected within 24 hours of enrollment, from infants hospitalized with RSV infection were quantified. Measurements and Main Results: RSV severity in infants was categorized based on admission to …

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Survival And Inactivation Of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium On Food Contact Surfaces During Log, Stationary And Long-Term Stationary Phases, Dorra Djebbi-Simmons, Wenqing Xu, Marlene Janes, Joan King Dec 2019

Survival And Inactivation Of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium On Food Contact Surfaces During Log, Stationary And Long-Term Stationary Phases, Dorra Djebbi-Simmons, Wenqing Xu, Marlene Janes, Joan King

Faculty Publications

One of the most important transmission routes of foodborne pathogens is through contaminated food contact surfaces. In this study, we investigated the survival and inactivation of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium on frequently used food contact surfaces in household settings, including plastic cutting board (CB), formica laminate (LA), and stainless steel (SS) surfaces. S. Typhimurium at log (6 h), stationary (24 h), or long-term stationary (LTS) (14 days) phases were evaluated. Results showed that, at medium and high microbial loads, LTS phase cells had significantly higher survivor population compared to log and stationary phase cells at 24 h after inoculation (p < 0.05). Disinfection study showed that LTS phase cells were very resilient to sodium hypochlorite when the initial microbial load was high with disinfection efficacy ranging from 26 to 35%. Scanning electron microscopy of these surfaces at 24 h after inoculation with a high microbial load revealed an early biofilm structure.

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The Impact Of Msaabcr On Sara-Associated Phenotypes Is Different In Divergent Clinical Isolates Of Staphylococcus Aureus, Joseph S. Rom, Aura M. Ramirez, Karen E. Beenken, Gyan S. Sahukhal, Mohamed O. Elasri, Mark S. Smeltzer Nov 2019

The Impact Of Msaabcr On Sara-Associated Phenotypes Is Different In Divergent Clinical Isolates Of Staphylococcus Aureus, Joseph S. Rom, Aura M. Ramirez, Karen E. Beenken, Gyan S. Sahukhal, Mohamed O. Elasri, Mark S. Smeltzer

Faculty Publications

The staphylococcal accessory regulator (sarA) plays an important role in Staphylococcus aureus infections including osteomyelitis, and the msaABCR operon has been implicated as an important factor in modulating expression of sarA. Thus, we investigated the contribution of msaABCR to sarA-associated phenotypes in the S. aureus clinical isolates LAC and UAMS-1. Mutation of msaABCR resulted in reduced production of SarA and a reduced capacity to form a biofilm in both strains. Biofilm formation was enhanced in a LAC msa mutant by restoring the production of SarA, but this was not true in a UAMS-1 msa mutant. Similarly, …

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Testing Predictability Of Disease Outbreaks With A Simple Model Of Pathogen Biogeography, Tad Dallas, Colin J. Carlson, Timothée Poisot Nov 2019

Testing Predictability Of Disease Outbreaks With A Simple Model Of Pathogen Biogeography, Tad Dallas, Colin J. Carlson, Timothée Poisot

Faculty Publications

Predicting disease emergence and outbreak events is a critical task for public health professionals and epidemiologists. Advances in global disease surveillance are increasingly generating datasets that are worth more than their component parts for prediction-oriented work. Here, we use a trait-free approach which leverages information on the global community of human infectious diseases to predict the biogeography of pathogens through time. Our approach takes pairwise dissimilarities between countries’ pathogen communities and pathogens’ geographical distributions and uses these to predict country–pathogen associations. We compare the success rates of our model for predicting pathogen outbreak, emergence and re-emergence potential as a function …

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A Deda Family Membrane Protein Is Required For Burkholderia Thailandensis Colistin Resistance, Pradip R. Panta, Sujeet Kumar, Caroline F. Stafford, Caitlin E. Billiot, Martin V. Douglass, Carmen M. Herrera, M. Stephen Trent, William T. Doerrler Nov 2019

A Deda Family Membrane Protein Is Required For Burkholderia Thailandensis Colistin Resistance, Pradip R. Panta, Sujeet Kumar, Caroline F. Stafford, Caitlin E. Billiot, Martin V. Douglass, Carmen M. Herrera, M. Stephen Trent, William T. Doerrler

Faculty Publications

© Copyright © 2019 Panta, Kumar, Stafford, Billiot, Douglass, Herrera, Trent and Doerrler. Colistin is a “last resort” antibiotic for treatment of infections caused by some multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Resistance to colistin varies between bacterial species. Some Gram-negative bacteria such as Burkholderia spp. are intrinsically resistant to very high levels of colistin with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) often above 0.5 mg/ml. We have previously shown DedA family proteins YqjA and YghB are conserved membrane transporters required for alkaline tolerance and resistance to several classes of dyes and antibiotics in Escherichia coli. Here, we show that a DedA family …

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A Baker's Dozen Of Top Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention Publications In 2018, Elias B. Chahine, Spencer H. Durham, Krutika N. Mediwala, Daniel B. Chastain, Timothy P. Gauthier, Brandon K. Hill, Bruce M. Jones, Jamie J. Kisgen, Ashley H. Marx, Kayla R. Stover, Marylee V. Worley, Christopher M. Bland, P Brandon Bookstaver Nov 2019

A Baker's Dozen Of Top Antimicrobial Stewardship Intervention Publications In 2018, Elias B. Chahine, Spencer H. Durham, Krutika N. Mediwala, Daniel B. Chastain, Timothy P. Gauthier, Brandon K. Hill, Bruce M. Jones, Jamie J. Kisgen, Ashley H. Marx, Kayla R. Stover, Marylee V. Worley, Christopher M. Bland, P Brandon Bookstaver

Faculty Publications

With an increasing number of antimicrobial stewardship-related articles published each year, attempting to stay current is challenging. The Southeastern Research Group Endeavor (SERGE-45) identified antimicrobial stewardship-related peer-reviewed literature that detailed an actionable intervention for 2018. The top 13 publications were selected using a modified Delphi technique. These manuscripts were reviewed to highlight the actionable intervention used by antimicrobial stewardship programs to provide key stewardship literature for teaching and training as well as to identify potential intervention opportunities within one's institution.

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