Digital Commons Network^™

Addressing The Surgical Deficit: A Global Imperative For Plastic And Reconstructive Surgeons, Rachel W. Davis, Walter D. Johnson, Larry H. Hollier

Faculty Publications

Despite poor access to quality surgical and anesthesia care for the majority of the world's people, with greatest impact on low- and middle-income countries, surgery has only recently begun to gain acceptance as a necessary component of global health. As a leader in global surgical funding, the field of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery is uniquely positioned to influence change in global policy and financial support. For improvements in surgical access and outcomes worldwide, investment in surgical systems, commitment to national surgery, obstetric, and anesthesia planning, and continued evaluation and improvement of care delivery should be pursued.

Allele-Specific Enhancer Interaction At The Peg3 Imprinted Domain, Joomyeong Kim, Wesley D. Frey, Kaustubh Sharma, Subash Ghimire, Ryoichi Teruyama, Lisa Stubbs

Faculty Publications

Copyright: © 2019 Kim et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The parental allele specificity of mammalian imprinted genes has been evolutionarily well conserved, although its functional constraints and associated mechanisms are not fully understood. In the current study, we generated a mouse mutant with switched active alleles driving the switch from paternal-to-maternal expression for Peg3 and the maternal-to-paternal expression for Zim1. The expression levels of Peg3 and Zim1, but not …

Efficiency Of Insect-Proof Net Tunnels In Reducing Virus-Related Seed Degeneration In Sweet Potato, K. O. Ogero, J. F. Kreuze, M. A. Mcewan, N. D. Luambano, H. Bachwenkizi, K. A. Garrett, K. F. Andersen, S. Thomas-Sharma, R. A.A. Van Der Vlugt

Faculty Publications

Virus-related degeneration constrains production of quality sweet potato seed, especially under open field conditions. Once in the open, virus-indexed seed is prone to virus infection leading to decline in performance. Insect-proof net tunnels have been proven to reduce virus infection under researcher management. However, their effectiveness under farmer-multiplier management is not known. This study investigated the ability of net tunnels to reduce degeneration in sweet potato under farmer-multiplier management. Infection and degeneration were assessed for two cultivars, Kabode and Polista, grown in net tunnels and open fields at two sites with varying virus pressures. There was zero virus incidence at …

Hinge Region In Dna Packaging Terminase Pul15 Of Herpes Simplex Virus: A Potential Allosteric Target For Antiviral Drugs, Lana F. Thaljeh, J. Ainsley Rothschild, Misagh Naderi, Lyndon M. Coghill

Faculty Publications

Approximately 80% of adults are infected with a member of the herpesviridae family. Herpesviruses establish life-long latent infections within neurons, which may reactivate into lytic infections due to stress or immune suppression. There are nine human herpesviruses (HHV) posing health concerns from benign conditions to life threatening encephalitis, including cancers associated with viral infections. The current treatment options for most HHV conditions mainly include several nucleoside and nucleotide analogs targeting viral DNA polymerase. Although these drugs help manage infections, their common mechanism of action may lead to the development of drug resistance, which is particularly devastating in immunocompromised patients. Therefore, …

Intensive Livestock Production Causing Antibiotic Pollution In The Yinma River Of Northeast China, Hanyu Ju, Sijia Li, Y. Jun Xu, Guangxin Zhang, Jiquan Zhang

Faculty Publications

Antibiotics are increasingly used in livestock production in rural China, raising concerns over pollution and health risk in countryside waterways. The Yinma River Basin in China's far northeast is an agriculture-dominated area mixed with a densely populated province capitol city, providing a suitable area for investigating the influence of a typical land use mix in Northeast China on riverine antibiotic levels and transport. In this study, we sampled water along the Yinma River from upstream to downstream in a wet and a dry season and analyzed the samples for two popularly used antibiotics, ciprofloxacin (CIP) and norfloxacin (NOR). The goal …

Quantifying Soil Health In A Topographically Diverse Warm-Season Perennial Pasture Over-Seeded With A Mix Of Cool-Season Annuals, Kathleen M. Bridges, Lisa M. Fultz, Montgomery W. Alison, Kun Jun Han, Bisoondat Macoon, William D. Pitman

Faculty Publications

Over-seeding cool-season annual forages in pastures in the southeastern US provides increased grazing opportunities for livestock and reduces the amount of hay needed during winter. The constant presence of vegetation can benefit soil health, the biological aspect of which has only received cursory investigation to date. Since 2009, a commercial cattle grazing operation located in south Mississippi has been over-seeding a diverse mixture of oats (Avena sativa L.), triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack), annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), turnips (Brassica rapa L. subsp. rapa), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), ball clover (Trifolium …

Relative Resistance To Breaking Of Pinus Taeda And Pinus Palustris, Cory Garms, Thomas J. Dean

Faculty Publications

Patterns from hurricane damage indicate that longleaf pine is more windfirm than loblolly pine. Tree windfirmess has been attributed to many factors including species and material properties like wood strength and stiffness. Because longleaf pine wood is stronger and stiffer than loblolly pine wood, this study used static winching methodology to see if these properties account for differences in wind firmness by measuring bending force required to break stems (MMAX). Stress-strain diagrams were constructed for pulled trees to explore how they behave under increasing loads. Based on these diagrams, living trees appear to act as linear elastic materials as they …

On-Site Capabilities Of A Mobile Laboratory For Aquatic Germplasm Cryopreservation, William M. Childress, Brian Bosworth, Edward Chesney, Ronald B. Walter, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

The cryopreservation of genetic material can be an important tool for researchers and others involved with imperiled fishes, wild fisheries, aquaculture, and biomedical research. The standardization and reliable collection of diverse, high-quality samples are persistent challenges to the successful cryopreservation of aquatic species. The overall goal of this study was to work with different user groups, cryopreserving sperm on-site at their facilities to evaluate the uses and challenges of a mobile laboratory with high-throughput and quality control capabilities comparable to those of a specialized central facility. The objectives were to demonstrate the collection and cryopreservation of sperm from (1) large-bodied …

Associations Among Neighborhood Socioeconomic Deprivation, Physical Activity Facilities, And Physical Activity In Youth During The Transition From Childhood To Adolescence, Morgan N. Clennin, Min Lian, Natalie Colabianchi, Andrew Kaczynski, Marsha Dowda, Russell R. Pate

Faculty Publications

Background: This study aims to examine the longitudinal association of neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation (SED) with physical activity in youth during the transition from elementary to middle school, and to determine if access to physical activity facilities moderates this relationship. Methods: Data were obtained from the Transitions and Activity Changes in Kids (TRACK) study, which was a multilevel, longitudinal study designed to identify the factors that influence changes in physical activity as youth transition from elementary to middle school. The analytic sample for the current study included 660 youth with complete data in grades 5 (baseline) and 7 (follow-up). A repeated …

Wetland Biomass And Productivity In Coastal Louisiana: Base Line Data (1976-2015) And Knowledge Gaps For The Development Of Spatially Explicit Models For Ecosystem Restoration And Rehabilitation Initiatives, Victor H. Rivera-Monroy, Courtney Elliton, Siddhartha Narra, Ehab Meselhe, Xiaochen Zhao, Eric White, Charles E. Sasser, Jenneke M. Visser, Xuelian Meng, Hongqing Wang, Zuo Xue, Fernando Jaramillo

Faculty Publications

Coastal Louisiana hosts 37% of the coastal wetland area in the conterminous US, including one of the deltaic coastal regions more susceptible to the synergy of human and natural impacts causing wetland loss. As a result of the construction of flood protection infrastructure, dredging of channels across wetlands for oil/gas exploration and maritime transport activities, coastal Louisiana has lost approximately 4900 km2 of wetland area since the early 1930s. Despite the economic relevance of both wetland biomass and net primary productivity (NPP) as ecosystem services, there is a lack of vegetation simulation models to forecast the trends of those functional …

The Role Of Culture And Folk Art In School Library Programming, Lucy Santos Green, Melissa Johnston

Faculty Publications

Exploring the practices of teacher librarians in other countries fosters new knowledge, contributing to global communities of practice. The need to equip today’s youth with complex 21st century skills has served as a catalyst for change in the traditional practices of school librarians all over the world. It is this necessary change that led to questions regarding school library practices at an international level and to the need to explore school librarianship on a global level. This research study explores ways program design grounded in cultural understanding, experiences, and ways of knowing the world, are applied by practicing school librarians …

An Integrated Approach For Constraining Depositional Zones In A Tide-Influenced River: Insights From The Gorai River, Southwest Bangladesh, Edwin J. Bomer, Carol A. Wilson, Dilip K. Datta

Faculty Publications

The tidal to fluvial transition (TFT) of estuaries and coastal rivers is one of the most complex environments on Earth with respect to the transportation and deposition of sediment, owing in large part to competing fluvial and marine processes. While there have been recent advances in the stratigraphic understanding of the TFT, it is still unclear whether these findings are site-specific or representative of mixed tidal-fluvial systems worldwide. Yet, research from this depositional domain holds profound societal and economic importance. For instance, understanding the underlying stratigraphic architecture of channel margins is critical for assessing geomorphic change for fluvio-deltaic settings, which …

Detecting Dna Methylation Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy, Syed Mohammad Abid Hasan, Yuyang He, Te Wei Chang, Jianwei Wang, Manas Ranjan Gartia

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2018 American Chemical Society. Among all of the epigenetic events that are responsible for various diseases such as cancer, lupus, and several birth defects, DNA methylation is one of the crucial ones. It occurs because of the alkylation of various bases. These modifications of genes carried through altered creations of proteins ultimately lead to various diseases. For example, a vital cause behind canine lymphoma is found to be DNA methylation in the guanine base. In this work, we analyzed the methylated and nonmethylated guanine structure with the assistance of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT). Because …

The Effect Of Group Polarization On Opposition To Donald Trump, Marija A. Bekafigo, Elena V. Stepanova, Brian A. Eiler, Kenji Noguchi, Kathleen L. Ramsey

Faculty Publications

Using focus groups, we examined support and opposition for Donald Trump prior to the 2016 presidential election. When ingroup members participate in discussion, this conversation alone typically strengthens and intensifies members’ initial attitudes. We used a pre‐ to post‐focus‐group questionnaire to assess attitudes toward Trump, his campaign, and policies. We argue that group polarization influenced people’s opinions about Trump such that attitudes became more extreme after discussion with like‐minded individuals. We report changes for Trump nonsupporters for which group polarization occurred on attitudes toward illegal immigration, political correctness, the military, women, and veterans after the group discussion. For each, level …

The Use Of Entropy In Modeling The Mechanical Degradation Of Grease, Alan Gurt, Michael Khonsari

Faculty Publications

Recent theoretical developments linking degradation to the thermodynamic concept of entropy have allowed a new approach to modeling all types of degradation. The theory has been successfully applied to wear, fatigue, and numerous other forms of degradation and experimentation has confirmed its applicability to modeling the mechanical degradation of lubricating grease. This paper overviews the mechanical degradation of grease, discusses past and present modeling techniques, shows how new techniques can be used to predict grease life, and provides suggestions for future research.

Does Family Communication Matter? Exploring Knowledge Of Breast Cancer Genetics In Cancer Families, Deborah O. Himes Phd, Aprn-Bc, Sarah H. Davis, Jane H. Lassetter, Neil E. Peterson, Margaret F. Clayton, Wendy Birmingham Phd, Anita Y. Kinney

Faculty Publications

Knowledge of breast cancer genetics is critical for those at increased hereditary risk who must make decisions about breast cancer screening options. This descriptive study explored theory-based relationships among cognitive and emotional variables related to knowledge of breast cancer genetics in cancer families. Participants included first-degree relatives of women with breast cancer who had received genetic counseling and testing. Study participants themselves did not have breast cancer and had not received genetic counseling or testing. Data were collected by telephone interviews and surveys. Variables analyzed included numeracy, health literacy, cancer-related distress, age, education, and the reported amount of information shared …

Murr V. Wisconsin And The Inherent Limits Of Regulatory Takings, Lynda L. Butler

Faculty Publications

This article examines the confusion surrounding constitutional protection of property under the substantive due process and takings clauses, using Murr as a springboard for reconsidering the substantive due process/takings distinction and asking whether the regulatory takings doctrine should remain a viable constitutional concept despite its muddled principles. While powerful reasons support treating as compensable economic regulations that are functionally equivalent to physical takings, important differences between physical and regulatory takings need to be recognized as limits to the degree of equivalence possible and therefore to the regulatory takings doctrine. A look back at the evolutionary paths of substantive due process, …

Responsible Devolution Of Affordable Housing, Andrea Boyack

Faculty Publications

The federal government has been heavily involved in promoting housing affordability since the 1930s and continues to have a critical role to play. Over the past several decades, the federal government has financed affordability by promoting development and income subsidies, but specific allocation decisions have devolved. Housing inequities can best be addressed locally, but only if localities are held to high standards of fairness and regional coordination is facilitated. Successful and sustainable local solutions to housing affordability will also require a substantial financial investment, one that the federal government can and should reliably and adequately provide. Each year, Congress permits …

Reviving The Intracorporate Communications No-Publication Rule: A Strategy To Encourage Effective Investigation Of Internal Misconduct, Doris Deltosto Brogan

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Complexity Dilemma In Policy Market Design, Todd S. Aagaard, Andrew N. Kleit

Faculty Publications

Regulators are increasingly pursuing their policy objectives by creating markets. To create a policy market, regulators require firms to procure a product that is socially useful but that confers little direct private benefit to the acquiring party. Examples of policy markets include pollutant emissions trading programs, renewable energy credit markets, and electricity capacity markets. Existing scholarship has tended to analyze policy markets simply as market-based regulation. Although not inaccurate, such inquiries are necessarily incomplete because they do not focus on the distinctive traits of policy markets. Policy markets are neither typical regulations nor typical markets. Concentrating on policy markets as …

Mother-To-Mother: Evaluation Of The Sustainability Of A Peer Model To Communicate Nutrition Messages In Mozambique, Disa Lubker Cornish, Halkeno Tura, Susan Roberts-Dobie

Faculty Publications

Background: Over the past twenty-five years, Africa had experienced the smallest relative decrease of child undernutrition in any world region. Many aid organizations were redirecting efforts and resources to supporting community - based initiatives such as Community Health Work (CHW). Aim / Objectives: While peer models showed short term hope, there was limited long-term evidence. The study expounded upon an evaluation on a health promotion program using the Care Group Model. The objective of this research was to examine the sustainability of health gains associated with the use of CHWs via a Care Group Model as a health promotion strategy …

If We Don’T Look, We Won’T See: Measuring Language Development To Inform Literacy Instruction, Suzanne M. Adlof, Tiffany P. Hogan

Faculty Publications

Oral language abilities enable children to learn to read, and they predict future academic achievement and life outcomes. However, children with language impairment frequently go unidentified because schools do not systematically measure oral language development. Given that identification paves the way for treatment, schools should increase attention to oral language development, particularly within response to intervention (RTI) frameworks, which aim to prevent learning disabilities by identifying and intervening at early stages. Formal schooling should address language comprehension (in addition to word reading) to ensure an adequate foundation for future reading comprehension. In support, we overview the developmental relations between oral …

(Under)Enforcement Of Poor Tenants' Rights, Kathryn A. Sabbeth

Faculty Publications

Millions of tenants in the United States reside in substandard housing conditions ranging from toxic mold to the absence of heat, running water, or electricity. These conditions constitute blatant violations of law. The failure to maintain housing in habitable condition can violate the warranty of habitability, common law torts, and, in some cases, consumer protection and antidiscrimination statutes. Well-settled doctrine allows for tenants’ private rights of action and government enforcement. Yet the laws remain underenforced.

This Article demonstrates that the reason for the underenforcement is that the tenants are poor. While the right to safe housing extends to all tenants, …

"Surviving Through Together": Hunger, Poverty And Persistence In High Point, North Carolina, Heather Hunt, Gene R. Nichol

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Household Water Insecurity Experiences (Hwise) Scale: Development And Validation Of A Household Water Insecurity Measure For Low-Income And Middle-Income Countries, Sera L. Young, Godfred O. Boateng, Zeina Jamaluddine, Joshua D. Miller, Edward A. Frongillo, Torsten B. Neilands, Shaleans M. Collins, Amber Wutich, Wendy E. Jepson, Justin Stoler

Faculty Publications

Objective Progress towards equitable and sufficient water has primarily been measured by population-level data on water availability. However, higher-resolution measures of water accessibility, adequacy, reliability and safety (ie, water insecurity) are needed to understand how problems with water impact health and well-being. Therefore, we developed the Household Water InSecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale to measure household water insecurity in an equivalent way across disparate cultural and ecological settings.

Methods Cross-sectional surveys were implemented in 8127 households across 28 sites in 23 low-income and middle-income countries. Data collected included 34 items on water insecurity in the prior month; socio-demographics; water acquisition, use …

The Household Water Insecurity Experiences (Hwise) Scale: Development And Validation Of A Household Water Insecurity Measure For Low-Income And Middle-Income Countries, Sera L. Young, Godfred O. Boateng, Zeina Jamaluddine, Joshua D. Miller, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Torsten B. Neilands, Shelean M. Collins, Amber Wutich, Wendy E. Jepson, Justin Stoler, On Behalf Of The Hwise Research Coordination Network

Faculty Publications

Objective

Progress towards equitable and sufficient water has primarily been measured by population-level data on water availability. However, higher-resolution measures of water accessibility, adequacy, reliability and safety (ie, water insecurity) are needed to understand how problems with water impact health and well-being. Therefore, we developed the Household Water InSecurity Experiences (HWISE) Scale to measure household water insecurity in an equivalent way across disparate cultural and ecological settings.

Methods

Cross-sectional surveys were implemented in 8127 households across 28 sites in 23 low-income and middle-income countries. Data collected included 34 items on water insecurity in the prior month; sociodemographics; water acquisition, use …

Interrogating How Information (Re)Produces Systemic Barriers Within Lgbtq+ Communities To Inform Global Lis Education, Vanessa Kitzie, Travis L. Wagner, Nick Vera, Valerie Lookingbill

Faculty Publications

This preliminary research examines the health information practices of South Carolina LGBTQ+ communities. Findings have the following implications for LIS education at a global level: building cultural competency regarding the role of information in marginalizing certain populations, and training students to engage in user outreach and advocacy. These implications address a global need for LIS education to encompass social responsibility and inclusion into program curricula.

Effect Of Bark Application With Beauveria Bassiana And Permethrin Insecticide On The Walnut Twig Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) In Black Walnut Bolts, Albert E. Mayfield, Jennifer Juzwik, Jamison Scholer, John D. Vandenberg, Adam Taylor, Timothy Schowalter

Faculty Publications

Formulations of entomopathogenic (insect-killing) fungi represent alternatives to synthetic insecticides in the management of forest and shade tree insects. We evaluated bark spray applications of the entomopathogen Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) strain GHA (BotaniGardES), permethrin insecticide (Astro), and water (control) on colonization of black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) (Fagales: Juglandaceae) bolts by the walnut twig beetle (Pityophthorus juglandis Blackman) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), vector of the fungus that causes thousand cankers disease. Treated bolts were baited with a P. juglandis aggregation pheromone lure and deployed in infested walnut trees. Bark application of permethrin prevented P. juglandis colonization of the phloem. …

Modeling Agrilus Planipennis F. (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) Spread In New Jersey, Erik Lyttek, Pankaj Lal, Garrett Nieddu, Eric Forgoston, Taylor Wieczerak, Timothy Schowalter

Faculty Publications

Pests and disease have become an increasingly common issue as globalized trade brings non-native species into unfamiliar systems. Emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis), is an Asiatic species of boring beetle currently devastating the native population of ash (Fraxinus) trees in the northern forests of the United States, with 85 million trees having already succumbed across much of the Midwest. We have developed a reaction-diffusion partial differential equation model to predict the spread of emerald ash borer over a heterogeneous 2-D landscape, with the initial ash tree distribution given by data from the Forest Inventory and Analysis. As expected, the model …

Constraints And Negotiations To Student Recreational Sport Center Usage, Samantha L. Powers, Nate E. Trauntvein, Robert J. Barcelona, Cindy L. Hartman

Faculty Publications

Studies have shown that student recreational sports centers offer a variety of benefits to emerging adult students. Previous research has identified the presence of constraints to physical activity and student recreational sports center (SRSC) usage (Flood & Parker, 2014; Stankowski, Trauntvein, & Hall, 2017; Young, Ross, & Barcelona, 2003). However, little research has examined the negotiation strategies which students use to increase their physical activity levels through use of the SRSC. This study focused on the constraints and negotiation strategies which affected both users and infrequent users of the SRSC at a mid-size, public university in the northeastern United States. …