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The Countermajoritarian Paradox, Neal Devins Jan 1995

The Countermajoritarian Paradox, Neal Devins

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Through The Looking Glass: Can Title Vii Help Women And Minorities To Shatter The Glass Ceiling, Rafael Gely, Ramona L. Paetzold Jan 1995

Through The Looking Glass: Can Title Vii Help Women And Minorities To Shatter The Glass Ceiling, Rafael Gely, Ramona L. Paetzold

Faculty Publications

The employment patterns of “nontraditional” workers in the United States show two conflicting characteristics. On the one hand, researchers have observed a continuing increase in the rate of participation of nontraditional workers at multiple levels in the work force. For example, the proportion of women white collar workers increased from twenty-two percent in the late 1960s to forty-six percent in 1992. Similarly, the average job tenure for nontraditional workers has also increased. For example, although males in the thirty-five to forty-four year old age group have experienced a small decline in job tenure, women in the same group have seen …

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Student Evaluations Of Teaching Effectiveness: The Interpretation Of Observational Data And The Principle Of Faute De Mieux, B. Burt Gerstman Jan 1995

Student Evaluations Of Teaching Effectiveness: The Interpretation Of Observational Data And The Principle Of Faute De Mieux, B. Burt Gerstman

Faculty Publications

Student opinion surveys are important but widely misunderstood tools for evaluating teaching effectiveness. In this brief review, an analogy is drawn between the use and interpretation of observational data for public health and biomedical research and the use of student opinion data in evaluating teach ing effectiveness. Sources of systematic error in the form of selection bias, information bias, and confounding are defined and illustrated. Original data concerning intermittent "quid pro quo" confounding (i.e., the effect of expected grades on student evaluations of teaching) are presented. Finally, the principle of faute de mieux ("lack of anything better") and the interpretation …

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Health Insurance Availability And The Retirement Decision, Jonathan Gruber, Brigitte C. Madrian Jan 1995

Health Insurance Availability And The Retirement Decision, Jonathan Gruber, Brigitte C. Madrian

Faculty Publications

Because individuals aged 55-64 face large and uncertain medical expenditures without the guarantee of public insurance coverage provided by Medicare, the availability of post-retirement health insurance could be an important detenninant in the retirement decisions of this group. We investigate the effect of health insurance on retirement by focusing on state and federal "continuation of coverage" mandates which grant the retiree the right to continue purchasing health insurance through a previous employer for a specified number of months after leaving the firm. We exploit variation in the timing and generosity of these laws to identify the effect of the availability …

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The Non-Impact Of The United States Supreme Court Regulatory Takings Cases On The State Courts: Does The Supreme Court Really Matter?, Ronald H. Rosenberg Jan 1995

The Non-Impact Of The United States Supreme Court Regulatory Takings Cases On The State Courts: Does The Supreme Court Really Matter?, Ronald H. Rosenberg

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Life, Death And Public Policy, Larry I. Palmer Jan 1995

Life, Death And Public Policy, Larry I. Palmer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Evolution Of American Probate Courts And Emerging Standards To Guide Their Progress, Thomas L. Hafemeister, Paula Hannaford-Agor Jan 1995

The Evolution Of American Probate Courts And Emerging Standards To Guide Their Progress, Thomas L. Hafemeister, Paula Hannaford-Agor

Faculty Publications

Courts with probate jurisdiction are an excellent example of the evolu­tion of American courts. Despite the fact that they are direct descendants of the English judicial system, the structure, jurisdiction, and procedures of the probate courts assumed a uniquely American flavor soon after their initial establishment in the colonies. From the beginning, American probate courts have shown considerable diversity from state to state. State courts exercising probate jurisdiction have continued to evolve over time in response to the various demands placed upon them. This article describes the historical evolution of American courts exer­cising jurisdiction over probate matters, with specific attention …

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Phonatory And Articulatory Changes Associated With Increased Vocal Intensity In Parkinson Disease: A Case Study, Christopher Dromey, Lorraine Olson Ramig, Antonia B. Johnson Jan 1995

Phonatory And Articulatory Changes Associated With Increased Vocal Intensity In Parkinson Disease: A Case Study, Christopher Dromey, Lorraine Olson Ramig, Antonia B. Johnson

Faculty Publications

This study examined changes in voice and speech production in a patient with Parkinson disease as he increased vocal intensity following 1 month of intensive voice treatment. Phonatory function and articulatory acoustic measures were made before and after treatment as well as 6 and 12 months later. Pre- to post-treatment increases were documented in sound pressure level in sustained phonation, syllable repetition, reading, and monologue. Consistent with mechanisms of intensity change reported in normal speakers, corresponding improvements were measured in estimated subglottal pressure, maximum flow declination rate, laryngeal airway resistance, open quotient, EGGW-25, harmonic-spectral slope, and maximum vowel duration. Measures …

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Using Spiritual Interventions In Psychotherapy: Practices, Successes, Failures, And Ethical Concerns Of Mormon Psychotherapists, P. Scott Richards, Richard W. Potts Jan 1995

Using Spiritual Interventions In Psychotherapy: Practices, Successes, Failures, And Ethical Concerns Of Mormon Psychotherapists, P. Scott Richards, Richard W. Potts

Faculty Publications

Two hundred and fifteen (out of 300) randomly selected Mormon psychotherapists were surveyed and asked to indicate how frequently they use various spiritual interventions in psychotherapy and to describe successful and unsuccessful spiritual intervention case examples. The therapists indi- cated that they use a wide variety of spiritual interventions, including praying silently for clients, teaching spiritual concepts, encouraging forgiveness, and using the religious community as a sup- port. Many spiritual interventions were perceived by the therapists as potentially therapeutic. Pro- cess guidelines for using spiritual interventions were offered by the therapists, and ethical concerns (e.g., dual relationships, imposing values) were …

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African Origin Of Human-Specific Polymorphic Alu Insertions, Mark A. Batzer, Mark Stoneking, Michelle Alegria-Hartman, Hernan Bazan, David H. Kass, Tamim H. Shaikh, Gabriel E. Novick, Panayiotis A. Ioannou, W. Douglas Scheer, Rene J. Herrera, Prescott L. Deininger Dec 1994

African Origin Of Human-Specific Polymorphic Alu Insertions, Mark A. Batzer, Mark Stoneking, Michelle Alegria-Hartman, Hernan Bazan, David H. Kass, Tamim H. Shaikh, Gabriel E. Novick, Panayiotis A. Ioannou, W. Douglas Scheer, Rene J. Herrera, Prescott L. Deininger

Faculty Publications

Alu elements are a family of interspersed repeats that have mobilized throughout primate genomes by retroposition from a few 'master' genes. Among the 500,000 Alu elements in the human genome are members of the human- specific subfamily that are not fixed in the human species; that is, not all chromosomes carry an Alu element at a particular locus. Four such polymorphic human-specific Alu insertions were analyzed by a rapid, PCR-based assay that uses primers that flank the insertion point to determine genotypes based on the presence or absence of the Alu element. These four polymorphic Alu insertions were shown to …

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Axial Coordination Phenomena In Highly Substituted Porphyrins. Crystal Structure Of The Polymeric (2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-Octaethyl-5,10,15,20- Tetranitroporphyrinato)Zinc(Ii), [{Zn(Oetnp)}N], Mathias O. Senge, Kevin M. Smith Dec 1994

Axial Coordination Phenomena In Highly Substituted Porphyrins. Crystal Structure Of The Polymeric (2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-Octaethyl-5,10,15,20- Tetranitroporphyrinato)Zinc(Ii), [{Zn(Oetnp)}N], Mathias O. Senge, Kevin M. Smith

Faculty Publications

The polymeric structure of the sterically strained and non-planar porphyrin [{ZnIIoetnp}n] is determined by X-ray crystallography; polymerization is achieved by utilization of the nitro-groups for axial ligation to the zinc(II) centre.

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Masters And Lords: Mid-Nineteenth Century U.S. Planters And Prussian Junkers, By Shearer Davis Bowman, Lacy K. Ford, Jr. Dec 1994

Masters And Lords: Mid-Nineteenth Century U.S. Planters And Prussian Junkers, By Shearer Davis Bowman, Lacy K. Ford, Jr.

Faculty Publications

A review of Masters and Lords: Mid-Nineteenth Century U.S. Planters and Prussian Junkers, by Shearer Davis Bowman

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The Confirmation Mystery, Michael J. Gerhardt Dec 1994

The Confirmation Mystery, Michael J. Gerhardt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Denitrification, Nutrient Regeneration And Carbon Mineralization In Sediments Of Galveston Bay, Texas, Usa, Andrew R. Zimmerman, Ronald Benner Nov 1994

Denitrification, Nutrient Regeneration And Carbon Mineralization In Sediments Of Galveston Bay, Texas, Usa, Andrew R. Zimmerman, Ronald Benner

Faculty Publications

Rates of benthic denitrification, oxygen consumption and nutrient regeneration were measured during winter, spring and summer in Galveston Bay (Texas, USA) sediments. Denitrification ranged from 0 to 47 µmol N2 m-2 h-1 with maximal rates generally occurring in the summer and the upper estuary. Oxygen consumption rates ranged from 38 µmol O2 m-2 h-1 in the winter to 353 µmol O2 m-2 h-1 in the summer and were correlated with denitrification rates. Variations in bay water temperature accounted for 52 % of the variability associated with denitrification rates whereas only 28% …

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Fibrinolytic Responses To Moderate Intensity Exercise: Comparison Of Physically Active And Inactive Men, Linda M. Szymanski, Russell R. Pate Nov 1994

Fibrinolytic Responses To Moderate Intensity Exercise: Comparison Of Physically Active And Inactive Men, Linda M. Szymanski, Russell R. Pate

Faculty Publications

The purposes of this study were to compare fibrinolytic responses to moderate intensity exercise in physically active and inactive men and during morning and evening exercise. Fourteen physically inactive men (mean age, 34.7 ± 4.0 years) and 12 regularly active men (34.8 ± 4.0 years) performed two exercise sessions, morning and evening, at 50% of maximal oxygen consumption. Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) andplasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity were measured before and after exercise. Data were analyzed using a three-way ANOVA with repeated measures. TPA actively increased with exercise in both groups, although the active group demonstrated greater increases than the …

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Descriptive Epidemiology Of Physical Activity In Adolescents, Russell R. Pate, Barbara J. Long, Gregory W. Heath Nov 1994

Descriptive Epidemiology Of Physical Activity In Adolescents, Russell R. Pate, Barbara J. Long, Gregory W. Heath

Faculty Publications

This paper reviews the descriptive epidemiology of physical activity in adolescents. Large population-based studies were reviewed, along with smaller studies using objective monitoring of physical activity. Estimates showed that adolescents engage in physical activity of any intensity for a mean of one hour per day. Approximately two thirds of males and one quarter of females participate in moderate to vigorous activity for 20 min 3 or more days per week. Activity levels decline with increasing age across adolescence, and this decrease is more marked in females than in males. Comparison of these data to physical activity guidelines for adolescents suggests …

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Dynamic Economic Analyses Of Selected Provisions Of Corporate Law: The Absolute Delegation Rule, Disclosure Of Intermediate Estimates And Ipo Pricing, Royce De R. Barondes Oct 1994

Dynamic Economic Analyses Of Selected Provisions Of Corporate Law: The Absolute Delegation Rule, Disclosure Of Intermediate Estimates And Ipo Pricing, Royce De R. Barondes

Faculty Publications

This Article examines three separate aspects of the relationships between corporations and their securityholders from a dynamic economic perspective: (i) the feasibility of permitting shareholders to participate in the management of their corporations through the exercise of voting rights, (ii) Rule 3b-6, the safe harbor for projections (the Safe Harbor)8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the 1934 Act),9 and (iii) the extraordinary returns available from investing in initial public offerings (IPO's). Three particular dynamic aspects are implicated in these situations.

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Antitrust And First Amendment Implications Of Professional Real Estate Investors, Gary Myers Oct 1994

Antitrust And First Amendment Implications Of Professional Real Estate Investors, Gary Myers

Faculty Publications

This article begins with a discussion of the development of Noerr-Pennington immunity as it applies to litigation behavior. Parts III and IV describe the litigation in Professional Real Estate Investors and then analyze the effect of this new decision on predatory litigation law. Part V discusses possible ramifications of the case for other areas of federal and state law in which subjective intent is the sole keystone for the imposition of liability on petitioning activity. Because Professional Real Estate Investors interprets the First Amendment to preclude antitrust liability in these cases, other laws that deter bad faith litigation may no …

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Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege, Ellen Kreitzberg Oct 1994

Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege, Ellen Kreitzberg

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Who Are The Parents Biotechnological Children?, Larry I. Palmer Oct 1994

Who Are The Parents Biotechnological Children?, Larry I. Palmer

Faculty Publications

We do not underestimate the difficulties of legislating on this subject. In addition to the inevitable confrontation with the ethical and moral issues involved, there is the question of the wisdom and effectiveness of regulating a matter so private, yet of such public interest. Legislative consideration of surrogacy may also provide the opportunity to begin to focus on the overall implications of the new reproductive biotechnology- in vitro fertilization, preservation of sperms and eggs, embryo implantation and the like. The problem is how to enjoy the benefits of the technology-especially for infertile couples-while minimizing the risk of abuse. The problem …

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A Rejoinder, Larry I. Palmer Oct 1994

A Rejoinder, Larry I. Palmer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Comparison Of The S Genes And The Biological Properties Of Respiratory And Enteropathogenic Bovine Coronaviruses, X. Zhang, W. Herbst, K. G. Kousoulas, J. Storz Sep 1994

Comparison Of The S Genes And The Biological Properties Of Respiratory And Enteropathogenic Bovine Coronaviruses, X. Zhang, W. Herbst, K. G. Kousoulas, J. Storz

Faculty Publications

The nucleotide sequence of the S gene of the bovine respiratory coronavirus (BRCV) strain G95, which was isolated from nasal swabs of a calf suffering from respiratory disorders, was determined and compared with the S gene of the enteropathogenic bovine coronavirus (BECV) strain LY138. Sequence analysis revealed 98.7% nucleotide and 98.3% deduced amino acid identities between the S genes of BRCV-G95 and BECV-LY138 without any deletions or insertions. Nucleotide substitutions were distributed randomly throughout the gene. Five monoclonal antibodies specific for the S protein distinguished BRCV-G95 from BECV-L9, but failed to differentiate it from BECV-LY138 in Western blots under denatured …

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Stature Change In Prehistoric Maya Of The Southern Lowlands, Marie E. Danforth Sep 1994

Stature Change In Prehistoric Maya Of The Southern Lowlands, Marie E. Danforth

Faculty Publications

Since the 1950s, a decline in stature has been offered as evidence of increasing nutritional stress in prehistoric Maya populations, particularly during the Late Classic collapse. A review of the extant skeletal data, however, reveals very inconsistent support for such a decline. The primary explanation for the variation may reside in the small number of skeletal series that have representatives of more than one time period. Other possible explanations include methodological problems associated with stature reconstruction, reliability in sex determination, and variation in health response according to site size and location.

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Providing An Escape For Inner-City Children: Creating A Federal Remedy For Educational Ills Of Poor Urban Schools, Amy J. Schmitz Jul 1994

Providing An Escape For Inner-City Children: Creating A Federal Remedy For Educational Ills Of Poor Urban Schools, Amy J. Schmitz

Faculty Publications

Children in impoverished, urban areas attend dangerous and decrepit schools, where they receive low quality education which fails to prepare them for meaningful participation in the community. Many states, however, provide no legislative or judicial remedy for these children, who desperately need vocational and educational skills to enable them to escape from the deprivation of their urban landscape. Meanwhile, federal officials speak

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Justice Defined - It Takes More Than A Single Opinion To Understand How Legal Reasoning And Personal Experience Shape A 24-Year Career, Richard C. Reuben Jul 1994

Justice Defined - It Takes More Than A Single Opinion To Understand How Legal Reasoning And Personal Experience Shape A 24-Year Career, Richard C. Reuben

Faculty Publications

With his retirement in June after participating in more than 800 cases - including his career-identifying 7-2 opinion in Roe v. Wade legalizing abortion - the definition of Harry Blackmun's tenure lies in the seeming contradiction of commitment and flexibility. Along with a steadfast defense of the right to abortion in Roe, 410 U.S. 113 (1973), and successive cases, Blackmun's significance was in the power of his vote. Often overlooked in the public's emphasis on Roe is an appreciation of Blackmun's reflective, methodical, if not occasionally pointed, jurisprudence.

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The Graying Of Products Liability Law: Paths Taken And Untaken In The New Restatement, David G. Owen Jul 1994

The Graying Of Products Liability Law: Paths Taken And Untaken In The New Restatement, David G. Owen

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Administrative Presiding Officials Today, Charles H. Koch Jr. Jul 1994

Administrative Presiding Officials Today, Charles H. Koch Jr.

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Aging And Exercise: A Health Perspective, Joanna L. Bokovoy, Steven N. Blair Jul 1994

Aging And Exercise: A Health Perspective, Joanna L. Bokovoy, Steven N. Blair

Faculty Publications

Habitual exercise provides protection against fatal coronary heart disease, extends longevity, and enhances quality of life. National surveys show less physical activity in older men and women compared with middle-aged and younger persons; older women are particularly sedentary. Although there are still few longitudinal studies on exercise and physical activity in older individuals, the data support a positive relationship between physical activity and health function in older individuals. The data further show that with regular physical activity, health and fitness are maintained or even increased over time in older individuals. Studies on physical activity requirements for beneficial health effects in …

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A Kinder, Gentler Liberalism? Visions Of Empathy In Feminist And Communitarian Literature, Cynthia V. Ward Jul 1994

A Kinder, Gentler Liberalism? Visions Of Empathy In Feminist And Communitarian Literature, Cynthia V. Ward

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Cloning And Functional Characterization Of Lcr-F1: A Bzip Transcription Factor That Activates Erythroid-Specific, Human Globin Gene Expression, John J. Caterina, David Donze, Chiao Wang Sun, Dominic J. Ciavatta, Tim M. Townes Jun 1994

Cloning And Functional Characterization Of Lcr-F1: A Bzip Transcription Factor That Activates Erythroid-Specific, Human Globin Gene Expression, John J. Caterina, David Donze, Chiao Wang Sun, Dominic J. Ciavatta, Tim M. Townes

Faculty Publications

DNase I hypersensitive site 2 (HS 2) of the human β-globin Locus Control Region (LCR) directs high level expression of the β-globin gene located 50 kilobases downstream. Experiments in cultured cells and in transgenic mice demonstrate that duplicated AP1-like sites in HS 2 are required for this powerful enhancer activity. A cDNA clone encoding a basic, leucine-zipper protein that binds to these sites was isolated and designated Locus Control Region-Factor 1 (LCR-F1). This protein is a member of a new family of regulatory factors that contain a 63 amino acid 'CNC domain' overlapping the basic region. This domain is approximately …

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