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Dietary Assimilation Of Cadmium Associated With Bacterial Exopolymer Sediment Coatings By The Estuarine Amphipod Leptocheirus Plumulosus: Effects Of Cd Concentration And Salinity, Christian E. Schlekat, Alan W. Decho, G. Thomas Chandler Jul 1999

Dietary Assimilation Of Cadmium Associated With Bacterial Exopolymer Sediment Coatings By The Estuarine Amphipod Leptocheirus Plumulosus: Effects Of Cd Concentration And Salinity, Christian E. Schlekat, Alan W. Decho, G. Thomas Chandler

Faculty Publications

Bacterial extracellular substances (also known as exopolysaccharides, or EPS) may serve as vectors for trophic transfer of metals in benthic systems because these ubiquitous sediment coatings can sorb high concentrations of toxic metals, and because many benthic invertebrates assimilate EPS sediment coatings upon ingestion. We conducted 3 sets of experiments to determine the assimilative bioavailability of EPS-associated Cd to the benthic amphipod Leptocheirus plumulosus as a function of Cd concentration and salinity. Bioavailability was measured as L. plumulosus Cd assimilation efficiency (AE) from EPS-coated silica (EPS●Si) and from uncoated silica (NC●Si) using modified pulse-chase methods with the gamma-emitting radioisotope 109 …

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Black-White Differences In Disability And Morbidity In The Last Years Of Life, Youlian Liao, Daniel L. Mcgee, Guichan Cao, Richard S. Cooper Jun 1999

Black-White Differences In Disability And Morbidity In The Last Years Of Life, Youlian Liao, Daniel L. Mcgee, Guichan Cao, Richard S. Cooper

Faculty Publications

To assess black-white differences in disability and morbidity in the last years of life, the authors analyzed data from the National Health Interview Survey from 1986 to 1994, with mortality follow-up through December 1995. A baseline household interview was conducted for 10,187 decedents aged 50 years and over within 2 years before death. Data collected included long- term limitation of activity, number of chronic conditions, number of bed days, doctor visits, and days of short hospital stay during the year preceding the interview. For both blacks and whites, educational attainment was inversely associated with disability/morbidity indices. Black decedents had greater …

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Creatine Supplementation Differentially Affects Maximal Isometric Strength And Time To Fatigue In Large And Small Muscle Groups, William J. Vincent, Steven F. Loy, Richard L. Urbanski, Ben B. Yaspelkis Jun 1999

Creatine Supplementation Differentially Affects Maximal Isometric Strength And Time To Fatigue In Large And Small Muscle Groups, William J. Vincent, Steven F. Loy, Richard L. Urbanski, Ben B. Yaspelkis

Faculty Publications

Ten physically active, untrained, college-aged males (26.4 ± 5.8 years old) received creatine (CR. 5 g creatine monohydrate + 3 g dextrose) and placebo (PLA, 7 g dextrose) supplementation four times per day for 5 days in a doubleblind, randomized, balanced, crossover design. Performance was assessed during maximal and three repeated submaximal bouts of isometric knee extension and handgrip exercise. CR supplementation significantly increased (p < .05) maximal isometric strength during knee extension but not during handgrip exercise. CR supplementation increased time to fatigue during each of the three bouts of submaximal knee extension and handgrip exercise when compared to the PLA trials. These findings suggest that CR supplementation can increase maximal strength and time to fatigue during isometric exercise. However, the improvements in maximal isometric strength following CR supplementation appear to be restricted to movements performed with a large muscle mass.

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The Winogradsky Column & Biofilms: Models For Teaching Nutrient Cycling & Succession In An Ecosystem, Delia Castro Anderson, Rosalina V. Hairston Jun 1999

The Winogradsky Column & Biofilms: Models For Teaching Nutrient Cycling & Succession In An Ecosystem, Delia Castro Anderson, Rosalina V. Hairston

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Can Shame, Guilt, Or Stigma Be Taught? Why Credit-Focused Debtor Education May Not Work, A. Mechele Dickerson Jun 1999

Can Shame, Guilt, Or Stigma Be Taught? Why Credit-Focused Debtor Education May Not Work, A. Mechele Dickerson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Changing Tradition Of Constitutional Review Of Sign And Billboard Regulation, Ronald H. Rosenberg Jun 1999

The Changing Tradition Of Constitutional Review Of Sign And Billboard Regulation, Ronald H. Rosenberg

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Co-Infection With Opportunistic Pathogens Promotes Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection In Macrophages, Sharon M. Wahl, Teresa Greenwell-Wild, Gang Peng, Hollie Hale-Donze, Jan M. Orenstein May 1999

Co-Infection With Opportunistic Pathogens Promotes Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection In Macrophages, Sharon M. Wahl, Teresa Greenwell-Wild, Gang Peng, Hollie Hale-Donze, Jan M. Orenstein

Faculty Publications

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is dependent on susceptible host cells that express both CD4 and chemokine co-receptors. The co-receptor CCR5 is associated with primary infection by macrophage-tropic virus isolates, whereas CXCR4 is commonly associated with T cell- and dual- tropic viruses. Once infected, lymphocytes and macrophages may replicate HIV- 1 or harbor latent virus, depending on environmental factors and cellular activation. Immune activation is often associated with viremia, which is consistent with enhanced infection and viral replication in activated cells harboring virus. In this regard, opportunistic infections activate the immune system with the detrimental sequelae of enhanced …

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Ultrasonic Enhancement Of Antibiotic Action On Escherichia Coli Biofilms: An In Vivo Model, Andrea M. Rediske, Beverly L. Roeder, Maren K. Brown, Jared L. Nelson, Rachel L. Robison, David O. Draper, G. Bruce Schaalje, Richard A. Robison, William G. Pitt May 1999

Ultrasonic Enhancement Of Antibiotic Action On Escherichia Coli Biofilms: An In Vivo Model, Andrea M. Rediske, Beverly L. Roeder, Maren K. Brown, Jared L. Nelson, Rachel L. Robison, David O. Draper, G. Bruce Schaalje, Richard A. Robison, William G. Pitt

Faculty Publications

Biofilm infections are a common complication of prosthetic devices in humans. Previous in vitro research has determined that low-frequency ultrasound combined with aminoglycoside antibiotics is an effective method of killing biofilms. We report the development of an in vivo model to determine if ultrasound enhances antibiotic action. Two 24-h-old Escherichia coli (ATCC 10798) biofilms grown on polyethylene disks were implanted subcutaneously on the backs of New Zealand White female rabbits, one on each side of the spine. Low-frequency (28.48-kHz) and low-power-density (100- and 300-mW/cm2) continuous ultrasound treatment was applied for 24 h with and without systemic administration of gentamicin. The …

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Heresy Or Hopeful Sign?, Jerry Moon Apr 1999

Heresy Or Hopeful Sign?, Jerry Moon

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Harming Future Persons: Obligations To The Children Of Reproductive Technology, Philip G. Peters Jr. Apr 1999

Harming Future Persons: Obligations To The Children Of Reproductive Technology, Philip G. Peters Jr.

Faculty Publications

Two paradigms dominate contemporary ethical and legal debate about the risks posed to children who owe their lives to reproductive technology. One asks whether the children have lives so tragic that life itself is harmful. The other approach asks whether children so conceived are likely to enjoy a minimally decent existence. Although the two approaches have quite different analytic foundations, they share one crucial trait. Each concludes that children who owe their lives to reproductive technology are harmed only when that technology causes genuinely catastrophic injuries.Because these conventional paradigms define harmful conduct exclusively by reference to the magnitude of the …

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Panel Remarks Civil Rights Division Association Symposium: The Civil Rights Division At Forty, Michael A. Middleton Apr 1999

Panel Remarks Civil Rights Division Association Symposium: The Civil Rights Division At Forty, Michael A. Middleton

Faculty Publications

Welcome to all of you to the second of our Symposia. This is the fortieth year of the Civil Rights Division. Our focus this morning will be the Division's past and where it should be going in the future.

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Andrews University’S First Lady, Beverly Matiko Apr 1999

Andrews University’S First Lady, Beverly Matiko

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Institutional Analysis Of Municipal Liability Under Section 1983, Michael J. Gerhardt Apr 1999

Institutional Analysis Of Municipal Liability Under Section 1983, Michael J. Gerhardt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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From Jeans To Genes: The Evolving Nature Of Property Of The Estate, A. Mechele Dickerson Apr 1999

From Jeans To Genes: The Evolving Nature Of Property Of The Estate, A. Mechele Dickerson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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A Comparison Of The Use Of Tympanic, Axillary, And Rectal Thermometers In Infants, Russell Wilshaw, Renea L. Beckstrand, Dawn Waid, Bruce Schaallje Apr 1999

A Comparison Of The Use Of Tympanic, Axillary, And Rectal Thermometers In Infants, Russell Wilshaw, Renea L. Beckstrand, Dawn Waid, Bruce Schaallje

Faculty Publications

This study examined the relationship between three instruments used in measuring tympanic, axillary, and rectal temperatures in infants less than 1 year of age. Temperatures were measured by Oto-temp Pedi Q tympanic thermometers, Becton Dickinson axillary thermometer, and rectal thermometers. A convience sample of 5 infants less than 90 day and 54 greater than 90 days with fever, as well as 34 infants less than 90 days and 27 infants greater than 90 days without fever were studied. Correlations of infants less than 90 days and greater 90 days of age, as well as differences between infant temperature with and …

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The Boundaries Of The Silenced Hmr Domain In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, David Donze, Christopher R. Adams, Jasper Rine, Rohinton T. Kamakaka Mar 1999

The Boundaries Of The Silenced Hmr Domain In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, David Donze, Christopher R. Adams, Jasper Rine, Rohinton T. Kamakaka

Faculty Publications

The chromosomes of eukaryotes are organized into structurally and functionally discrete domains that provide a mechanism to compact the DNA as well as delineate independent units of gene activity. It is believed that insulator/boundary elements separate these domains. Here we report the identification and characterization of boundary elements that flank the transcriptionally repressed HMR locus in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Deletion of these boundary elements led to the spread of silenced chromatin, whereas the ectopic insertion of these elements between a silencer and a promoter blocked the repressive effects of the silencer on that promoter at HMR and at telomeres. …

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Are There Ways To Enhance China's Food Security?, B. Gardner Delworth, Yahui Zhao Feb 1999

Are There Ways To Enhance China's Food Security?, B. Gardner Delworth, Yahui Zhao

Faculty Publications

Chinese officials and newspapers express considerable concern about the country's capacity to feed its huge and still growing population. The rhetoric will be familiar to people in Western countries as a blend of "agrarian fundamentalism" and "Malthusianism." But beyond the official rhetoric, we will argue that reforms in land ownership and irrigation water pricing and management could have highly salutary impacts on agricultural output that could alleviate food shortages far into the future.

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Top Management International Orientation And Small Business Exporting Performance: The Moderating Roles Of Export Market & Industry Factors, Franz T. Lohrke, Geralyn Mcclure Franklin, Vinay Kothari Jan 1999

Top Management International Orientation And Small Business Exporting Performance: The Moderating Roles Of Export Market & Industry Factors, Franz T. Lohrke, Geralyn Mcclure Franklin, Vinay Kothari

Faculty Publications

This study examined the relationship between top management team international orientation and small business export performance. Results generally supported the hypotheses that market and industry factors moderate this relationship. Employing a sample of U.S. small business exporters, the study found that top management team international orientation had a greater positive relationship with export performance for firms exporting to countries culturally different and geographically distant from their home country than those exporting to countries culturally similar and geographically proximate to their home countries. In addition, international orientation had a greater positive relationship with export performance for firms competing in multidomestic industries …

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What Addiction Professionals Need To Know About Welfare Reform And Child Welfare, B Grossman, Laurie A. Drabble Jan 1999

What Addiction Professionals Need To Know About Welfare Reform And Child Welfare, B Grossman, Laurie A. Drabble

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Reversal Of Sodium Arsenite Inhibition Of Rat Liver Microsomal Ca2+ Pumping Atpase By Vitamin C, Odutayo O. Odunuge, Gbolahan W. Okunade, Olufunso O. Olorunsogo Jan 1999

Reversal Of Sodium Arsenite Inhibition Of Rat Liver Microsomal Ca2+ Pumping Atpase By Vitamin C, Odutayo O. Odunuge, Gbolahan W. Okunade, Olufunso O. Olorunsogo

Faculty Publications

Sodium arsenite (NaAsO2), at 10% of its median lethal dose, was administered to rats with and without vitamin C pretreatment. Liver microsomal fraction was isolated and the activity of Ca2+-ATPase was assayed. Sodium arsenite was found to inhibit the activity of the liver microsomal Ca2+-ATPase to 50% to that of control rats. The specific activity of the enzyme in rats administered sodium arsenite with vitamin C pretreatment was not significantly different from that of control rats.

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The Demise Of Hypothetical Jurisdiction In The Federal Courts, Scott C. Idleman Jan 1999

The Demise Of Hypothetical Jurisdiction In The Federal Courts, Scott C. Idleman

Faculty Publications

This article examines the causes, nature, and potential demise of a federal judicial practice known as hypothetical jurisdiction, whereby a court renders a binding judgment in a case without first verifying that it has the power to do so. By the mid-1990s, every federal court of appeals had adopted the practice, despite the fact that it violated fundamental tenets of judicial power and, in some cases, the Constitution itself. In 1998, the Supreme Court attempted to repudiate this practice, but the scope of the repudiation was not clearly delineated and the Court left unresolved a number of questions and left …

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Spoiling A Good Walk: Does The Ada Change The Rules Of Sport?, Paul M. Anderson Jan 1999

Spoiling A Good Walk: Does The Ada Change The Rules Of Sport?, Paul M. Anderson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Can An Employee Who Applies For Social Security Disability Benefits Be A “Qualified Individual With A Disability” Under The Ada?, Jay E. Grenig Jan 1999

Can An Employee Who Applies For Social Security Disability Benefits Be A “Qualified Individual With A Disability” Under The Ada?, Jay E. Grenig

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Planning For A Disabled Child, Judith G. Mcmullen Jan 1999

Planning For A Disabled Child, Judith G. Mcmullen

Faculty Publications

Estate planning must be handled with care to ensure that the disabled child is adequately provided with financial resources and personal assistance throughout his or her life span. This article examines many means for doing so without jeopardizing the child's chances for receiving government assistance.

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Financial Abuses Of Elderly Clients, Alison Barnes Jan 1999

Financial Abuses Of Elderly Clients, Alison Barnes

Faculty Publications

This article identifies what is meant by financial abuse of the elderly, discusses who are the abusers and victims, and illustrates how to identify instances of financial abuse. The author then discusses the possible responses to identified financial abuse, including responses by attorneys, state agencies, and federally mandated programs and acts. She concludes that where an older person is dependent for care on a family member, financial abuse may be best controlled through oversight of the interaction between the caregiver and care receiver, as well as modification of financial arrangements to limit the exposure of the care receiver's assets.

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Ethics Consult: Building Relationships That Work, Michael K. Mcchrystal Jan 1999

Ethics Consult: Building Relationships That Work, Michael K. Mcchrystal

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Myths, Miscues, And Misconceptions: No-Aid Separationism And The Establishment Clause, Carl H. Esbeck Jan 1999

Myths, Miscues, And Misconceptions: No-Aid Separationism And The Establishment Clause, Carl H. Esbeck

Faculty Publications

In neutrality theory the recipients of vouchers, grants, and purchase-of-service contracts are eligible to participate as providers in government social service programs without regard to their religious character. Indeed, religious beliefs and practices are prohibited bases for screening out those who want to be welfare program providers. Notable examples of congressional social service legislation conforming to the rule of religious neutrality are the ‘charitable choice‘ feature imbedded in the Welfare Reform Act of 1996 and the Community Services Block Grant Act of 1998, as well as the provision allowing issuance of child care vouchers to indigent parents in the Child …

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South Carolina Practice Materials: A Selective, Annotated Bibliography, Duncan E. Alford Jan 1999

South Carolina Practice Materials: A Selective, Annotated Bibliography, Duncan E. Alford

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Applying The Ada To Mitigating Measures Cases: A Choice Of Statutory Evils, Lisa A. Eichhorn Jan 1999

Applying The Ada To Mitigating Measures Cases: A Choice Of Statutory Evils, Lisa A. Eichhorn

Faculty Publications

This Article critiques the idea that the ADA should exclude from its coverage people who use mitigating measures, such as medications and medical devices, to alleviate the effects of their mental and physical impairments. After describing the statute as an expansive but flawed tool for combating disability-based discrimination, the Article analyzes a 1999 trilogy of Supreme Court cases holding that in determining whether a person has a disability for purposes of ADA coverage, courts should take account of the ameliorative effects of so-called mitigating measures on the person’s impairments. Through this holding, the Court inappropriately constricted the scope of the …

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Major Litigation Activities Regarding Major Life Activities: The Failure Of The Disability Definition In The Americans With Disabilities Act Of 1990, Lisa A. Eichhorn Jan 1999

Major Litigation Activities Regarding Major Life Activities: The Failure Of The Disability Definition In The Americans With Disabilities Act Of 1990, Lisa A. Eichhorn

Faculty Publications

The passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act ("ADA") in 1990 has been praised as the major accomplishment of the disability rights movement. This statute, however, is not without its flaws. Perhaps the most problematic one is the way in which “disability” is defined. Lisa Eichhorn argues that the definition undercuts the effectiveness of the ADA. She begins with a historical look at society’s concepts of disability and discusses how these concepts were incorporated into the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 and the ADA. She then examines cases that have been dismissed because plaintiffs cannot prove disabled status, which illustrate the …

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