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Comparative Phylogeography Of Codistributed Species Of Chilean Liolaemus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) From The Central-Southern Andean Range, Byron J. Adams, Pedro F. Victoriano, Juan Carlos Ortiz, Edgar Benavides, Jack W. Sites

Faculty Publications

In this study, we used a recently developed supertrees method to test for shared phylogeographical signal in partially overlapping geographical ranges of lizards of the genus Liolaemus from the Andean Range in south-central Chile. We reconstruct mtDNA gene trees for three partially codistributed species (Liolaemus tenuis, L. lemniscatus and L. pictus), and our sampling effort is sufficient to allow statistical tests of shared signal between the combinations L. tenuis-L. pictus, and L. tenuis-L. lemniscatus. For both combinations, standardized maximum agreement subtrees scores showed statistically significant signal for shared pattern in regions of overlap, as evaluated by randomization tests (P < 0.001 and < 0.05, respectively). The matrix representation with parsimony tree obtained from the combination of the three different gene trees revealed concordant phylogeographical associations of all species, and was consistent with the geographical association of intraspecific haploclades with three Chilean bioclimatic zones. A multidimensional scaling analysis of several climate variables showed highly significant differences among these zones, which further suggests that they may have contributed to similar patterns of intraspecific divergence across all three species. In the mesomorphic zone in Central Chile, the species L. tenuis and L. lemniscatus may have codiverged in response to shared orogenic vicariant events, which likely predominated over climatic events associated with cycles of glacial advance and retreat. In the hygromorphic zone in southern Chile, however, glacial cycles likely predominated in structuring the phylogeographical histories of L. tenuis and L. pictus, although important ecological differences between these two caution against broad generalizations at this point.

Reply To Comment By K. Gajewski On "Abrupt Environmental Change In Canada's Northernmost Lake", Dermot Antoniades, Catherine Crawley, Marianne S.V. Douglas, Reinhard Pienitz, Dale Andersen, Peter T. Doran, Ian Hawes, Wayne Pollard, Warwick F. Vincent

Faculty Publications

We welcome the opportunity to respond to Gajewski's [2008] comments on our study [Antoniades et al., 2007, hereinafter referred to as A07]. We demonstrate here that his assertions are not supported by the evidence and that the conclusions in A07 are based on a sound interpretation of the data. Copyright 2008 by the American Geophysical Union.

Sub-Mesoscale Ocean Vortex Trains In The Luzon Strait, Quanan Zheng, Hui Lin, Junmin Meng, Xiaomin Hu, Y. Tony Song, Yuanzhi Zhang, Chunyan Li

Faculty Publications

This study uses the Argos satellite-tracked surface drifter trajectory data and ENVISAT (European satellite) ASAR (advanced synthetic aperture radar) images to illustrate the ocean vortex trains (OVT) in the Luzon Strait. Two cases that occurred in the northwest of Babuyan Island are observed. The first train of three cyclonic vortices showed up on drifter trajectories from 20° to 20.5°N and from 120° to 121°E, and the second, consisting of five pairs of cyclonic-anticyclonic vortices, occurred on the upstream side of the first one from 19.5° to 20.0°N and from 121.0° to 122.0°E and showed up on the ASAR images acquired …

Hothouse Flowers: The Vices And Virtues Of Climate Federalism, Jonathan H. Adler

Faculty Publications

Although economic theory would predict that states would lag behind federal efforts to control environmentally harmful emissions, there has been far more action on climate change in state capitols than in Washington, D.C. Without federal action, states have stepped in to fill the policy void on climate change. State-level action on climate change is unlikely, in itself, to have much impact on atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases or projected rates of future warming. Nonetheless, the level of state activity is significant.

The aggressiveness of state climate policy initiatives, and potential conflict between federal and state regulatory measures, provides an opportunity …

Origin Of The Eastern Brownsnake, Pseudonaja Textilis (Duméril, Bibron And Duméril) (Serpentes: Elapidae: Hydrophiinae) In New Guinea: Evidence Of Multiple Dispersals From Australia, And Comments On The Status Of Pseudonaja Textilis Pughi Hoser 2003, David J. Williams, Mark O'Shea, Roland L. Daguerre, Catharine E. Pook, Wolfgang Wüster, Christopher J. Hayden, John D. Mcvay, Owen Paiva, Teatu Lohi Matainaho, Kenneth D. Winkel, Christopher C. Austin

Faculty Publications

Pseudonaja textilis is a widespread and common snake in eastern parts of Australia, but its distribution in New Guinea is poorly understood, and the origin of the New Guinea populations and its timing have been the subject of much speculation. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences from three New Guinea populations of P. textilis indicates that New Guinea was colonised from two independent eastern and western migration routes most likely in the Pleistocene. One dispersal event from northern Queensland led to the populations in eastern New Guinea (Milne Bay, Oro and Central Provinces, Papua New Guinea), whereas another, from Arnhem …

Oligocene Deep Water Export From The North Atlantic And The Development Of The Antarctic Circumpolar Current Examined With Neodymium Isotopes, Howie Scher, Ellen E. Martin

Faculty Publications

Neodymium (Nd) isotopes were measured on 181 samples of fossil fish teeth recovered from Oligocene toMiocene sections at Ocean Drilling Program Site 1090 (3700 m water depth) on Agulhas Ridge in the Atlanticsector of the Southern Ocean. A long-term decreasing trend toward less radiogenic Nd isotope compositionsdominates the record. This trend is interrupted by shifts toward more radiogenic compositions near the early/lateOligocene boundary and the Oligocene/Miocene boundary. Overall, eNd values at Agulhas Ridge are moreradiogenic than at other Atlantic locations, and are similar to those at Indian Ocean locations. The pattern ofvariability is remarkably similar to Nd isotope results from …

Attitude And Divergence In Business Students: An Examination Of Personality Differences In, Todd A. Brown

Faculty Publications

Many studies have reported that economics and business students have been more apt to act in self-interested ways when compared to their counterparts in other academic fields. It is our contention that past studies have not shed light on the underlying psychological differences which might be leading to this difference in behavior. We put forth evidence that certain business majors are correlated with a marked increase in levels of narcissism and decreased levels of empathy, as measured by psychological personality tests.

Watershed Forest Management Information System (Wfmis), Yanli Zhang, P. K. Barten

Faculty Publications

Maintenance of a sustainable clean water supply is critical for our future. However, watershed degradation is a common phenomenon around the world that leads to poor water quality. In order to protect water resources, the Watershed Forest Management Information System (WFMIS), was developed as an extension of ArcGIS® and is described in this paper. There are three submodels to address nonpoint source pollution mitigation, road system management, and silvicultural operations, respectively. The Watershed Management Priority Indices (WMPI) is a zoning approach to prioritize critical areas for conservation and restoration management. It meets the critical need to spatially differentiate land cover …

A More True ‘Domestic And Foreign Missionary Society’: Toward A Missional Polity For The Episcopal Church., Dwight J. Zscheile

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Reasonable Efforts? Implementation Of The Reunification Exception Provisions Of Asfa, J D. Berrick, C Young, Amy C. D’Andrade, L Frame

Faculty Publications

The Adoption and Safe Families Act (ASFA) of 1997 includes provisions to deny reunification services under specified conditions and gives states latitude to develop any number of additional “aggravated circumstances” in which parents need not be offered services. California legislators have developed a relatively large number of conditions enabling agencies to bypass reunification services. Based upon a case record review involving 1,055 parents, this study attempts to identify the proportion of parents eligible for a reunification bypass, the proportion recommended to the courts, and the proportion of parents who were denied reunification services, and examines the characteristics of parents associated …

Book Review. Weavings Of War, Jo Farb Hernandez

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Writing, Cognition, And The Nature Of The Judicial Function, Chad M. Oldfather

Faculty Publications

Prior commentators, including many judges, have observed that writing provides an important discipline on the judicial decisionmaking process. Those commentators have uniformly assumed that the effect will always be positive - that is, that a decision rendered pursuant to a process that includes a written justification will always be better (however better is to be measured) than a decision unaccompanied by writing. According to this view, we should always, all things being equal, prefer a decision accompanied by an opinion to one without. All things are not equal, of course, and there are many situations in which the costs of …

Turning Stones Of Hope Into Boulders Of Resistance: The First And Last Task Of Social Justice Curriculum, Scholarship, And Practice, Derek W. Black

Faculty Publications

The most important and intangible aspect of teaching and practicing social justice law is retaining the hope that our efforts can translate into progressive results. At times, professors’ approaches to the subject of social justice tend toward pessimism that can have unintended negative effects on students. Thus, this Article calls on social justice professors to explicitly teach hope and, moreover, to produce practical scholarship on pressing legal issues that will help students keep hope once they leave school. This Article begins by exploring the theme of hope in John O. Calmore’s scholarship and how it interrelates with his project of …

Law School Attire: A Call For A Uniform Uniform Code, Erik M. Jensen

Faculty Publications

Law professors dress scruffily, and we need to do something about that.

Hothouse Flowers: The Vices And Virtues Of Climate Federalism, Jonathan H. Adler

Faculty Publications

Federal law preempts state regulation of motor vehicle emissions. California alone is allowed to seek a waiver of such preemption, and unsuccessfully sought such a waiver for the state's regulations limiting greenhouse gas emissions from motor vehicles. The debate and pending litigation over California's effort to obtain a waiver of preemption has focused attention on the state role in climate change policy. This paper explores the role of state governments in developing climate change policy, with a particular focus on how federalism principles and practice should inform judgments about the division of authority between the state and federal governments. As …

The Colour Of Time: Head Pots And Temporal Convergences, Charles R. Cobb, Eric Drake

Faculty Publications

Colour symbolism permeated the world of indigenous North America. This symbolism was often tied to the cosmos where the earth was viewed as a quadrilateral disk and each of the four cardinal directions was linked with a colour array such as red, white, black, and blue. We suggest that the recurring use of certain colours and colour contrasts comprised a suite of long-term historical practices that were essential for reproducing certain views about the world and about being in the world. Further, the rendering of colour had a plasticity that allowed it to enter a discourse about daily life that …

(Post-) K New Orleans And The Hispanic Atlantic: Geographic Method And Meaning, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

An explicitly methodological case study conducted for a multidisciplinary symposium on the Atlantic relationships of pre- and (post-)Katrina Louisiana illustrates some methods that geographers might usefully contribute to an emergent Atlantic Studies. Three general types of method apply to a substantive question related to the hurricane that struck on the morning of 29 August 2005: Is (post-)Katrina New Orleans emerging as a Hispanic place in contrast to its predominant pre-Katrina associations with the Black and French Atlantics? One type of method involves spatial analysis of data, whether social survey data such as census enumerations, environmental data such as flood depth …

“The Mormon Education Of A Gentile Justice: George Sutherland And Brigham Young Academy”, Edward L. Carter, James C. Phillips

Faculty Publications

Even within the eclectic group of men and women who have sat on the U.S. Supreme Court, Associate Justice George Sutherland (1922-38) was truly one of a kind: The only Justice ever to come from the state of Utah, he grew up as a non-Mormon in a cloistered 19th century Mormon society—and yet he rose to become one of the community’s most popular and even beloved political figures. As a lawyer, Sutherland defended Mormon men charged with “unlawful cohabitation” for polygamous lifestyles—and yet as a U.S. Senator he championed women’s rights, including suffrage. As one of the so-called “Four Horsemen …

Morphological, Physiological, And Anatomical Characteristics Associated With Heat Preconditioning And Heat Tolerance In Salvia Splendens, Seenivasan Natarajan, Jeff S. Kuehny

Faculty Publications

Many bedding plant cultivars struggle to survive in high temperatures during production. The objective of this research was to study how heat stress and preconditioning affects growth, physiology, and anatomy of the annual bedding plant Salvia splendens Ker Gawl. Heat preconditioning increased the quality and survival capacity of nonheat-tolerant 'Sizzler Red'. Heat-tolerant traits of 'Vista Red' were enhanced with preconditioning. The higher tolerance levels with and without heat preconditioning for 'Vista Red' suggested that cultivars with thicker, broader leaves, and higher stomatal frequency had higher light interception, gas exchange, transpirational cooling, and CO2 fixation. These plants attained a more rapid …

Immersive Learning Environments In Parallel Universes: Learning Through Second Life, Ken Haycock, Jeremy Kemp

Faculty Publications

Opportunities for more creative and innovative environments for learners continue to develop through distance education. Especially at the post-secondary level, these immersive environments can involve high-end video game technologies to create multi-user virtual worlds that can both replicate and far extend physical classrooms. At San Jose State University's School of Library and Information Science, courses offered in and through Second Life develop both competence and comfort in working with library users. Several useful lessons have also been learned.

Evaluation Of The New Jersey Digital Highway, Judy Jeng

Faculty Publications

The aim of this research is to study the usefulness of the New Jersey Digital Highway (NJDH, www.njdigitalhigh way.org) and its portal structure. The NJDH intends to provide an immersive and user-centered portal for New Jersey history and culture. The research recruited 145 participants and used a Web-based questionnaire that contained three sections: for everyone, for educators, and for curators. The feedback on the usefulness of the NJDH was positive and the portal structure was favorable. The research uncovered several reasons why some collections did not want to or could not participate. The findings also suggested priorities for further development. …

Ashes To Ashes: Comparative Law Regarding Survivors’ Disputes Concerning Cremation And Cremated Remains, Eloisa Rodriguez-Dod

Faculty Publications

One should plan for unassuming post-mortem issues, as most state laws do not provide a complete framework when there is no testamentary instruction by the deceased. Judicial determination is often needed, however reported opinions are scarce. Final disposition issues also arise in foreign law. Spain has no civil code regarding disposition of a deceased but delegates its funerary laws to local governments and autonomous communities, while the French have established an order of priority for funerary decisions and provide for a judicial determination and stay of the funerary process in case of dispute.

The author gives a brief history of …

Science And Constitutional Fact Finding In Equal Protection Analysis, Angelo N. Ancheta

Faculty Publications

This Article examines theories of fact finding and rules of evidence, as well as critiques of scientific citations in equal protection litigation, drawing on opinions starting with Brown v. Board of Education and its well-known citation of psychological and sociological studies documenting the harms of segregation-what the Brown Court labeled "modem authority." Second, this Article examines a range of equal protection cases and discusses how constitutional frameworks have shaped both core constitutional values and the gathering of relevant constitutional facts. Third, this Article examines in more detail the Parents Involved cases, as well as the underlying science and the citation …

Undercover Power: Examining The Role Of The Executive Branch In Determining The Meaning And Scope Of School Integration Jurisprudence, Lia Epperson

Faculty Publications

This paper focuses on the interaction of the federal judicial and executive branches of government in one key area of civil rights, determining the scope and direction of school integration. Specifically, this paper examines the extremely powerful role of the United States Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights ("OCR") in shaping the application of the Supreme Court's decisions with respect to racial inclusion in public education in the wake of two watershed rulings, Brown v. Board of Education  and Grutter v. Bollinger. In addition, this paper discusses the possible consequences of executive and judicial interplay in the aftermath of …

Significance Of Altitude And Posting Density On Lidar-Derived Elevation Accuracy On Hazardous Waste Sites, María J. García-Quijano, John R. Jensen, Michael E. Hodgson, Brian C. Hadley, John B. Gladden, Lewis A. Lapine

Faculty Publications

This research evaluated the vertical accuracy of two lidar-derived elevation datasets acquired from two different altitudes over a clay-capped hazardous waste site located on the Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina, using the same Optech ALTM 2050 lidar sensor and Cessna 337 platform. Both missions provided adequate elevation estimates (low-altitude RMSEz ≈ 6 cm; high-altitude RMSEz ≈ 14 cm.) A quantitative comparison was performed to determine how decreasing platform altitude and increasing lidar posting density affected the vertical elevation accuracy. Higher posting densities did not significantly improve the vertical accuracy of lidar-derived elevation data. Conversely, acquiring the lidar-derived elevation data …

Evaluating Forest Harvesting To Reduce Its Hydrologic Impact With A Spatial Decision Support System, Yanli Zhang, P. K. Barten, Ramanathan Sugumaran

Faculty Publications

Timber harvesting changes the condition of forest ecosystems, which are a major influence on the characteristics of headwater streams. Such characteristics include the quantity and timing of base flow and storm flow, concentrations of sediment and dissolved nutrients, water temperature, and the stability of the stream channels. This paper explores previous studies dealing with the relationship between timber harvesting and its hydrologic effects, especially long term water yield increase. The watershed disturbance threshold theory is raised and investigated in detail. The development and evaluation of a spatial decision support system, the Harvest Schedule Review System (HSRS), is then described. The …

Primer For U.S. Lawyers On European Union Government And Law, Charles H. Koch Jr.

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Mission Of God's People In The Old Testament, Jiri Moskala

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Exploring The Factors That Shaped The Early Adventist Mission To Jamaica, Trevor O'Reggio

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Law Of Termination: Doing More With Less, Jeffrey M. Hirsch

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.