Digital Commons Network^™

Manly Love And Its Discontents: Melville, Whitman, And The Dream Of American Brotherhood, David Greven

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Musical Ear: Oral Tradition In The Usa, Chris Goertzen

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

History Of Nutrient Inputs To The Northeastern United States, 1930–2000, Rebecca L. Hale, Joseph H. Hoover, Wilfred M. Wollheim, Charles J. Vorosmarty

Faculty Publications

Humans have dramatically altered nutrient cycles at local to global scales. We examined changes in anthropogenic nutrient inputs to the northeastern United States (NE) from 1930 to 2000. We created a comprehensive time series of anthropogenic N and P inputs to 437 counties in the NE at 5 year intervals. Inputs included atmospheric N deposition, biological N2 fixation, fertilizer, detergent P, livestock feed, and human food. Exports included exports of feed and food and volatilization of ammonia. N inputs to the NE increased throughout the study period, primarily due to increases in atmospheric deposition and fertilizer. P inputs increased until …

Pre-Miocene Birth Of The Yangtze River, Hongbo Zheng, Peter D. Clift, Ping Wang, Ryuji Tada, Juntao Jia, Mengying He, Fred Jourdan

Faculty Publications

The development of fluvial systems in East Asia is closely linked to the evolving topography following India-Eurasia collision. Despite this, the age of the Yangtze River system has been strongly debated, with estimates ranging from 40 to 45 Ma, to a more recent initiation around 2 Ma. Here, we present 40Ar/39Ar ages frombasalts interbedded with fluvial sediments from the lower reaches of the Yangtze together with detrital zircon U-Pb ages from sand grains within these sediments. We show that a river containing sediments indistinguishable from the modern river was established before ~23 Ma. We argue that the connection through the …

Habitat And Host Indicate Lineage Identity In Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides S.L. From Wild And Agricultural Landscapes In North America, Vinson P. Doyle, Peter V. Oudemans, Stephen A. Rehner, Amy Litt

Faculty Publications

Understanding the factors that drive the evolution of pathogenic fungi is central to revealing the mechanisms of virulence and host preference, as well as developing effective disease control measures. Prerequisite to these pursuits is the accurate delimitation of species boundaries. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides s.l. is a species complex of plant pathogens and endophytic fungi for which reliable species recognition has only recently become possible through a multi-locus phylogenetic approach. By adopting an intensive regional sampling strategy encompassing multiple hosts within and beyond agricultural zones associated with cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton), we have integrated North America strains of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides s.l. from …

Measure For Measure And The Discourse Of Husbandry, Benjamin Bertram Phd

Faculty Publications

The article explores early modern husbandry, which are more focused on encouraging its readers to lead pious, productive and economical lives. In "Measure for Measure," by William Shakespeare, the play centers on the rise of state husbandry as it focused on the parallels between Duke Vincentio and James I and views of sex and marriage. According to the author, there are two competing views of sex in the work including Lucio's pleasurable economy that resists the order of state husbandry.

Socio-Ecology Of The Marsh Rice Rat (Oryzomys Palustris) And The Spatio-Temporal Distribution Of Bayou Virus In Coastal Texas, Tyla S. Holsomback, Christopher J. Van Nice, Rachel N. Clark, Alisa A. Abuzeineh, Jorge Salazar-Bravo

Faculty Publications

Along the southeastern coast of the United States of America (USA), the marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) is the primary host for the hantavirus genotype Bayou. According to the socio-ecological model for a territorial, polygamous species, females should be distributed across space and time by habitat resources and predation risks, whereas males should space themselves according to the degree of female aggregation and reproductive synchrony. To investigate how females affect the male-male transmission paradigm of Bayou virus, rodents were captured, marked, released, and re-captured in two macrohabitat types across a 30-month period. Microhabitat cover variables were quantified around …

Design, Development, And In-Flight Testing Of A Pointer/Tracker For In-Flight Experiments To Measure Aero-Optical Effects Over A Scaled Turret, Matthew J. Krizo, Salvatore J. Cusumano, Steven T. Fiorino, Ryan Heap, Victor Velten, Joshua Brown, Richard J. Bartell

Faculty Publications

We address the design, development, and testing of a pointer/tracker as a probe beam for the purpose of making high-speed, aero-optical measurements of the flow over a scaled beam director turret. The tracker uses retro-reflection of the probe beam off of a Reflexite annulus surrounding the turret. The constraints of the design required a near-total-commercial off the shelf system that could be quickly installed and removed in a rented aircraft. Baseline measurements of environmental vibrations are used to predict pointing performance; mitigation of line-of-sight jitter on the probe beam is achieved through passive isolation and the design of relay optics. …

Rampant Polyphyly Indicates Cryptic Diversity In A Clade Of Neotropical Flycatchers (Aves: Tyrannidae), Frank E. Rheindt, Andrés M. Cuervo, Robb T. Brumfield

Faculty Publications

Polyphyletic arrangements in DNA phylogenies are often indicators of cryptic species diversity masked by erroneous taxonomic treatments that are frequently based on morphological data. Although mitochondrial (mt)DNA polyphyly is detected relatively rarely in phylogenetic studies, it has recently been found in a variety of tyrant-flycatcher (Tyrannidae) groups. In the present study, we provide a DNA phylogeny for a mitochondrial and a nuclear locus with a complete species sampling in Zimmerius flycatchers, showing that the genus is characterized by multiple mtDNA polyphyly. Based on phylogenetic and life-history information, we suggest the elevation of a number of taxa to species status, leading …

The Urban Health Transition Hypothesis: Empirical Evidence Of An Avian Influenza Kuznets Curve In Vietnam?, James Herbert Spencer

Faculty Publications

The literature on development has focused on the concept of transition in understanding the emergent challenges facing poor but rapidly developing countries. Scholars have focused extensively on the health and urban transitions associated with this change and, in particular, its use for understanding emerging infectious diseases. However, few have developed explicit empirical measures to quantify the extent to which a transitions focus is useful for theory, policy, and practice. Using open source data on avian influenza in 2004 and 2005 and the Vietnam Census of Population and Housing, this paper introduces the Kuznets curve as a tool for empirically estimating …

Book Review Of A Cultural History Of Cuba During The Us Occupation, 1898-1902 By Marial Utset (U Of North Carolina Press) 'Almanacs, Street Names, And Symbolic Gestures: Producing The Cuban Nation In Daily Life', Shannon Rose Riley

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Long Prereproductive Selection And Divergence By Depth In A Caribbean Candelabrum Coral, Carlos Prada, Michael E. Hellberg

Faculty Publications

Long-lived corals, the foundation of modern reefs, often follow ecological gradients, so that populations or sister species segregate by habitat. Adaptive divergence maintains sympatric congeners after secondary contact or may even generate species by natural selection in the face of gene flow. Such ecological divergence, initially between alternative phenotypes within populations, may be aided by immigrant inviability, especially when a long period separates larval dispersal and the onset of reproduction, during which selection can sort lineages to match different habitats. Here, we evaluate the strength of one ecological factor (depth) to isolate populations by comparing the genes and morphologies of …

Examining The Validity Of Using A Gaussian Schell-Model Source To Model The Scattering Of A Fully Coherent Gaussian Beam From A Rough Impedance Surface, Santasri Basu, Milo W. Hyde Iv, Salvatore J. Cusumano, Michael A. Marciniak, Steven T. Fiorino

Faculty Publications

Military applications that use adaptive optics (AO) often require a point source beacon at the target to measure and correct for wavefront aberrations introduced by atmospheric turbulence. However, turbulence prevents the formation of such a point beacon. The extended beacons that are created instead have finite spatial extents and exhibit varying degrees of spatial coherence. Modeling these extended beacons using a Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) form for the autocorrelation function would be a convenient approach due to the analytical tractability of Gaussian functions. We examine the validity of using such a model by evaluating the field scattered from a rough impedance …

Economic Performance Of U.S. Multinational Agribusinesses: Foreign Direct Investment And Firm Strategy, Pablo A. Garcia-Fuentes, Gustavo F.C. Ferreira, P. Lynn Kennedy

Faculty Publications

This study borrows the theoretical framework developed by Lee and Habte-Giorgis (2004) to empirically assess the sequential relationships between firm strategic factors, foreign direct investment (FDI) activity, and financial performance for a sample of U.S.-based multinational agribusinesses. After using hierarchical regressions and path analysis, this study finds a positive direct effect of FDI on performance, a complementary effect between FDI and firm strategic factors (positive and significant interaction terms) on performance, and a positive effect of FDI on performance given a threshold for firm size. Specifically, it provides insights about the direct effect of FDI on performance, as well as …

Does The Us Patent System Need A Patent Small Claims Proceeding?, Colleen Chien, Michael J. Guo

Faculty Publications

Patent litigation is expensive. The primary motivation for the creation of a patent small claims proceeding is to make enforcement more affordable. However, in the twenty or so years since the American Intellectual Property Law Association (AIPLA) first endorsed the idea of a small claims patent court through Resolution 401‐4, the patent litigation landscape has drastically changed. Although patent litigation costs are still high, the equities have shifted. The marketplace for patents has developed, providing more options than previously existed to monetize and assert patents. However, the cost of patent defense has not gone down, and small companies cannot afford …

Mapping Long-Term Spatial Trends Of The Taimyr Wild Reindeer Population, Andrey N. Petrov, Anna V. Pestereva, Leonid A. Kolpashchikov, Vladimir V. Mikhailov

Faculty Publications

This report presents preliminary results of mapping and analyzing wild reindeer spatial dynamics in Taimyr, Russia. We collected, spatially referenced, and systematized comprehensive aerial and land survey information spanning from 1969 to 2003, which is the most complete long-term data available about a wild reindeer herd in Eurasia. The report introduces some of the mapping products and presents a summary of our observations on spatiotemporal changes in reindeer distribution and migration. Using these data and new digital products in the GIS (Geographic Information Systems) environment, we were able to observe the long-term shift of the Taimyr Reindeer Herd's summer, winter, …

A Phylogeny Of Birds Based On Over 1,500 Loci Collected By Target Enrichment And High-Throughput Sequencing, John E. Mccormack, Michael G. Harvey, Brant C. Faircloth, Nicholas G. Crawford, Travis C. Glenn, Robb T. Brumfield

Faculty Publications

Evolutionary relationships among birds in Neoaves, the clade comprising the vast majority of avian diversity, have vexed systematists due to the ancient, rapid radiation of numerous lineages. We applied a new phylogenomic approach to resolve relationships in Neoaves using target enrichment (sequence capture) and high-throughput sequencing of ultraconserved elements (UCEs) in avian genomes. We collected sequence data from UCE loci for 32 members of Neoaves and one outgroup (chicken) and analyzed data sets that differed in their amount of missing data. An alignment of 1,541 loci that allowed missing data was 87% complete and resulted in a highly resolved phylogeny …

Pan-Arctic Distributions Of Continental Runoff In The Arctic Ocean, Cédric G. Fichot, Karl Kaiser, Stanford B. Hooker, Rainer M.W. Amon, Marcel Babin, Simon Bélanger, Sally A. Walker, Ronald Benner

Faculty Publications

Continental runoff is a major source of freshwater, nutrients and terrigenous material to the Arctic Ocean. As such, it influences water column stratification, light attenuation, surface heating, gas exchange, biological productivity and carbon sequestration. Increasing river discharge and thawing permafrost suggest that the impacts of continental runoff on these processes are changing. Here, a new optical proxy was developed and implemented with remote sensing to determine the first pan-Arctic distribution of terrigenous dissolved organic matter (tDOM) and continental runoff in the surface Arctic Ocean. Retrospective analyses revealed connections between the routing of North American runoff and the recent freshening of …

Recasting The Agency Of Unaccompanied Youth, Lauren Heidbrink

Faculty Publications

This is Chapter 6 of Emerging Perspectives on Children in Migratory Circumstances: Selected Proceedings of the Working Group on Childhood and Migration June 2008 Conference, published by Drexel University Department of Culture & Communication. Click for full-text.

Excerpt from the book abstract:

Most of the pieces provide in depth points of view from child migrant perspectives—data that is often difficult to obtain and portray sensitively. Child-centered data is exceptionally valuable in helping us to grasp the micro-forces by which childhood is changing through migration and how children experience or activate agency under trying conditions...Lauren Heidbrink [discusses] Spanish speakers in …

Delineation And Classification Of Karst Depressions Using Lidar: Fort Hood Military Installation, Texas, Melinda G. Shaw-Faulkner, Kevin W. Stafford, Aaron W. Bryant

Faculty Publications

The Fort Hood Military Installation is a karst landscape characterized by Cretaceous-age limestone plateaus and canyons in Bell and Coryell Counties, Texas. The area is located in the Lampasas Cut Plain region of the Edwards Plateau and is stratigraphically defined by exposures of the Fredericksburg Group. Spatial interpolation of 105 km2 of the Fort Hood Military Installation provided depression data that were delineated and classified using geoanalytical methods. Most of the karst features within the study area are predominantly surficial expressions of collapse features, creating windows into karst conduits with surficial exposures of epikarst spatially limited.

The increasing capabilities of …

Evaluating Tree Height Using Pictometry® Hyperspatial Imagery, Daniel Unger, David Kulhavy, Matthew A. Wade

Faculty Publications

This study evaluated the use of Pictometry® hyperspatial 4-inch (10.2 centimeters) multispectral imagery to estimate height of baldcypress trees on the campus of Stephen F. Austin State University (SFASU), Nacogdoches, Texas. Actual tree heights of 60 baldcypress trees measured with a telescopic height pole were compared to Pictometry® estimated tree height. Linear correlation coefficients (r) and coefficient of determinations (R2) between actual tree height and Pictometry® estimated tree height for all 60 tress, and the shortest 30 and tallest 30 trees, were calculated. A paired t-test (alpha = 0.05) was calculated for all 60 tress, and the shortest 30 and …

Attitudes Of Students And Practitioners Regarding Ethical Acceptability Of Accounting Transactions, Mary Fischer, Treba Marsh, George L. Hunt

Faculty Publications

This study reports the findings of a study assessing the acceptability differences in decisions made by Certified Public Accounting practitioners (CPA) and students studying to become CPAs. The study responds to researchers’ call for additional research on topics related to accounting decision ethics. Modified managerial and accounting recognition scenarios were used to collect the acceptability of ethical judgments. The analysis employs factor analysis to affirm whether the scenarios are mana­gerial or accounting recognition decisions. The analyses further divides the managerial decisions into either revenue or expense related. The accounting recognition decisions are further divided into those involving an accounting manipulation …

Chinese Overseas M&A: Overcoming Cultural And Organizational Divides, Francesca Spigarelli, Attilio Mucelli, Ilan Alon

Faculty Publications

This article contributes to the existing knowledge on the difficulties and critical aspects of the post-acquisition phase of an emerging market multinational. To establish the context, a literature review on multinational companies from emerging countries, and specifically on the internationalization initiatives of Chinese companies, is provided, along with a framework to analyze cultural and management-related differences related to mergers and acquisitions (M&As). This review and framework is followed by a case study of a Chinese motorbike M&A in Italy. The case illustrates how Chinese companies use Italy to access Western markets (and strategic logistical services), as well as a wide …

Self-Reflection As Scholarly Praxis: Researcher Identity In Disability Studies--Guest Editors' Introduction, Joan Ostrove, Jennifer Rinaldi

Faculty Publications

The guest editors of this special issue on researcher identity offer reflections and an overview of the issue.

(Dis)Owning Religious Speech, B. Jessie Hill

Faculty Publications

To claims of a right to equal citizenship, one of the primary responses has long been to assert the right of private property. It is therefore troubling that, in two recent cases involving public displays of religious symbolism, the Supreme Court embraced property law and rhetoric when faced with the claims of minority religious speakers for inclusion and equality.

The first, Pleasant Grove City v. Summum, is a free speech case in which the defendant evaded a finding that it was discriminating against the plaintiff’s religious speech by claiming a government speech defense. In the process, it claimed as its …

British And African Literature In Transnational Context, Diana Adesola Mafe

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Targeting The ‘Invisible’: Improving Entrepreneurship Opportunities For Informal Sector Women, Tonia Warnecke

Faculty Publications

In the wake of global economic downturn, policymakers in many developing countries are turning their gaze upon two things: private sector-led strategies for economic growth and women’s potential to contribute to this growth. As a consequence, female entrepreneurship has been an area of particular interest to policymakers, businesses, and non-governmental organizations, and many female-targeted policies and programs have been implemented, ranging from microfinance and subsidized loans to training and incubator programs. However, the focus on entrepreneurship as a development strategy conceptualizes entrepreneurship in a particular way—as opportunity entrepreneurship. Opportunity entrepreneurs can identify available opportunities and exploit them; they are often …

City Magazines And Social Media: Moving Beyond The Monthly, Susan Currie Sivek

Faculty Publications

City magazines have long been established in many American locales, but digital media of all types are now offering opportunities and challenges to this genre of magazine. Digital media have also complicated the rapidly changing ecosystems of local information in which urban citizens reside. The resources and popularity of newspapers and broadcast news have shifted, and other forms of print, digital, and mobile media are assuming important roles in informing the public. With all these factors at work, this may be a pivotal moment for city magazines as they explore innovative technology, creative business strategies, and the new possibilities for …

Virtual Collaboration In The Online Educational Setting: A Concept Analysis, Henny Breen

Faculty Publications

This study was designed to explore the concept of virtual collaboration within the context of an online learning environment in an academic setting. Rodgers’ method of evolutionary concept analysis was used to provide a contextual view of the concept to identify attributes, antecedents, and consequences of virtual collaboration. Commonly used terms to describe virtual collaboration are collaborative and cooperative learning, group work, group interaction, group learning and teamwork. A constructivist pedagogy, group-based process with a shared purpose, support and web-based technology are required for virtual collaboration to take place. Consequences of virtual collaboration are higher order thinking and learning to …

Land Into Trust: An Inquiry Into Law, Policy, And History, Frank Pommersheim

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.