Digital Commons Network^™

Social Determinants Of Health And Depression Among African American Adults: A Scoping Review Of Current Research, Brooks Yelton, Daniela B. Friedman, Samuel Noblet, Matthew C. Lohman, Mark M. Macauda, Mayank Sakhuja, Katherine H. Leith

Faculty Publications

Depression in the United States (US) is increasing across all races and ethnicities and is attributed to multiple social determinants of health (SDOH). For members of historically marginalized races and ethnicities, depression is often underreported and undertreated, and can present as more severe. Limited research explores multiple SDOH and depression among African American adults in the US. Guided by Healthy People (HP) 2030, and using cross-disciplinary mental health terminology, we conducted a comprehensive search to capture studies specific to African American adults in the US published after 2016. We applied known scoping review methodology and followed Preferred Reporting Items for …

Reply To Comment: Controls On Turnover Of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter-Testing The Null Hypothesis Of Purely Concentration-Driven Uptake, Yuan Shen, Ronald Benner

Faculty Publications

Our recent bioassay experiments indicate that molecular properties are a primary control on the microbial utilization of dissolved organic matter in the ocean. This finding is questioned by Lennartz and Dittmar who modeled our experiments and concluded that our observations could be largely explained by concentration-driven uptake independent from molecular properties. We suggest the authors' models are deficient for establishing the relative roles of molecular properties and concentration-driven uptake. Our conclusion is consistent with earlier and recent experimental results and biogeochemical observations, supporting a unified theory with molecular properties as a more prominent control than concentration-driven uptake on marine organic …

An Artificial Intelligence Approach To Fatigue Crack Length Estimation From Acoustic Emission Waves In Thin Metallic Plates, Joseph Chandler Garrett, Hanfei Mei, Victor Giurgiutiu

Faculty Publications

The acoustic emission (AE) technique has become a well-established method of monitoring structural health over recent years. The sensing and analysis of elastic AE waves, which have involved piezoelectric wafer active sensors (PWAS) and time domain and frequency domain analysis, has proven to be effective in yielding fatigue crack-related information. However, not much research has been performed regarding (i) the correlation between the fatigue crack length and AE signal signatures and (ii) artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies to automate the AE waveform analysis. In this paper, this crack length correlation is investigated along with the development of a novel AE signal …

Transcriptional Coactivators: Driving Force Of Plant Immunity, Muhammad Saad Shoaib Khan, Faisal Islam, Huan Chen, Ming Chang, Daowen Wang, Fengquan Liu, Zhengqing Fu, Jian Chen

Faculty Publications

Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant defense signal that mediates local and systemic immune responses against pathogen invasion. However, the underlying mechanism of SA-mediated defense is very complex due to the involvement of various positive and negative regulators to fine-tune its signaling in diverse pathosystems. Upon pathogen infections, elevated level of SA promotes massive transcriptional reprogramming in which Non-expresser of PR genes 1 (NPR1) acts as a central hub and transcriptional coactivator in defense responses. Recent findings show that Enhanced Disease Susceptibility 1 (EDS1) also functions as a transcriptional coactivator and stimulates the expression of PR1 in the presence of …

Examination Of The Prevalence Of Female Athlete Triad Components Among Competitive Cheerleaders, Allison B. Smith, Jennifer L. Gay, Shawn M. Arent Phd, Cscs*D, Fissn, Facsm, Fnak, Mark A. Sarzynski Ph.D., Faha, Facsm, Dawn M. Emerson, Toni Torres-Mcgehee Phd, Lat, Atc

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine individual and combined Female Athlete Triad components within collegiate cheerleaders, an at-risk group. Cheerleaders ( = 19; age: 20.3 ± 1.2 years) completed anthropometric measurements, health history questionnaires, resting metabolic rate, the eating disorder inventory-3 and symptom checklist, blood sample, and DXA scan. Participants completed dietary and exercise logs for 7 days and used heart rate monitors to track daily and exercise energy expenditure. Proportions were calculated for low energy availability (LEA) risk, disordered eating risk, and pathogenic behaviors. Chi-square analysis was used to determine the difference between cheerleaders who experience low …

“Immigration Enforcement Is A Daily Part Of Our Students’ Lives”: School Social Workers’ Perceptions Of Racialized Nested Contexts Of Reception For Immigrant Students, Sophia Rodriguez, Benjamin Roth Ph.D., Msw, Leticia Villarreal Sosa

Faculty Publications

This qualitative analysis examines school social workers’ equity work for immigrant students, including their perceptions of immigration enforcement and school climates that support or hinder immigrant student experiences. We conceptually expand understandings of nested contexts of reception and racialized organizations across macro, meso, micro levels, and how they affect immigrant students’ educational experiences, mobility, and belonging. Utilizing open-ended responses from a unique national survey data set, we examine school social workers’ perceptions of the macro, meso, micro racialized contexts that immigrant students encounter, how school social worker perceptions reflect racial attitudes as part of the racialized organization of schools in …

Search For Single Top-Quark Production Via Flavour-Changing Neutral Currents At 8 Tev With The Atlas Detector (Vol 76, 55, 2016), G. Aad, B. Abbott, J. Abdallah, O. Abdinov, R. Aben, M. Abolins, O.S. Abouzeid, H. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, R. Abreu, Y. Abulaiti, B.S. Acharya, L. Adamczyk, D.L. Adams, J. Adelman, S. Adomeit, T. Adye, A. A. Affolder, T. Agatonovic-Jovin, J. Agricola, Milind Purohit

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Reassessing The Role Of Anthropogenic Climate Change In The Extinction Of Silphium, Paul Pollaro, Paul Robertson

Faculty Publications

The famed ancient herb, known to the Romans as silphium (Greeksilphion), is widely regarded as the first recorded instance of human-induced species extinction. Modern scholars have largely credited direct exploitation (e.g., over-harvesting; over-grazing) as the primary cause of silphium's extinction, due to an overwhelming demand for the plant in ancient times. Recent research has revealed strict cold-stratification requirements for the germination of silphium's closest living relatives, revealing the likelihood that silphium shared these same germination requirements. Documented environmental changes in ancient Cyrenaica (e.g., widespread deforestation; cropland expansion) likely resulted in accelerated rates of desertification throughout the region as well as …

The Effectiveness Of Two Implementation Strategies For Improving Teachers’ Delivery Of An Evidenced-Based Hiv Prevention Program, Bo Wang, Lynette Deveaux, Lesley Cottrell, Xiaoming Li, Richard Adderley, Barbara Dorsett, Regina Firpo-Triplett, Veronica Koci, Sharon Marshall, Nikkiah Forbes, Bonita Stanton

Faculty Publications

Background Efective implementation strategies are needed to enhance the success of evidence-based prevention programs. The current study evaluates the efects of two implementation strategies on teachers’ implementation of an evidenced-based HIV intervention.

Methods Using our 7-item pre-implementation school screening tool, we identifed teachers who were at-risk for not implementing the Focus on Youth HIV-risk reduction intervention curriculum which targets grade six through grade 8 students. After completing a two-day curriculum workshop, 81 low- and moderate-performing teachers were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions and were asked to teach the two-month intervention curriculum. This optimization trial examines the impact …

Surface Acoustic Wave (Saw) Sensors: Physics, Materials, And Applications, Debdyuti Mandal, Sourav Banerjee

Faculty Publications

Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are the guided waves that propagate along the top surface of a material with wave vectors orthogonal to the normal direction to the surface. Based on these waves, SAW sensors are conceptualized by employing piezoelectric crystals where the guided elastodynamic waves are generated through an electromechanical coupling. Electromechanical coupling in both active and passive modes is achieved by integrating interdigitated electrode transducers (IDT) with the piezoelectric crystals. Innovative meta-designs of the periodic IDTs define the functionality and application of SAW sensors. This review article presents the physics of guided surface acoustic waves and the piezoelectric materials …

The Mediating Effect Of Depression On The Relation Between Interpersonal Needs And Suicidal Ideation Among Chinese Transgender Women, Ruijie Chang, Chengbo Zeng, Shan Qiao Ph.D., Huwen Wang, Chen Xu, Xiaoyue Yu, Tiecheng Ma, Ying Wang, Xiaoming Li Ph.D., Yong Cai

Faculty Publications

Background: Transgender women are at high risk of depression and suicidal ideation. The interpersonal theory of suicide proposes that suicidal ideation could be a consequence of high interpersonal needs (thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness). The current study tests this theory and investigates whether depression could mediate the relationship between interpersonal needs and suicidal ideation among transgender women in Shenyang, China.

Methods: A total of 198 transgender women were recruited by snowball sampling. A cross-sectional study was conducted through a structured questionnaire. Suicidal ideation, depression, and interpersonal needs were assessed. Path analysis was used to carry out the research goals and …

The Times, They Are A-Changin’: Tracking Shifts In Mental Health Signals From Early Phase To Later Phase Of The Covid-19 Pandemic In Australia, Siqin Wang, Xiao Huang, Tao Hu, Mengxi Zhang, Zhenlong Li, Huan Ning, Jonathan Corcoran, Asaduzzaman Khan, Yan Liu, Jiajia Zhang Ph.D., Xiaoming Li Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Introduction Widespread problems of psychological distress have been observed in many countries following the outbreak of COVID-19, including Australia. What is lacking from current scholarship is a national-scale assessment that tracks the shifts in mental health during the pandemic timeline and across geographic contexts.

Methods Drawing on 244 406 geotagged tweets in Australia from 1 January 2020 to 31 May 2021, we employed machine learning and spatial mapping techniques to classify, measure and map changes in the Australian public’s mental health signals, and track their change across the different phases of the pandemic in eight Australian capital cities.

Results Australians’ …

Effect Of Defects Part I: Degradation Of Constitutive Coefficients As An Input To The Composite Failure Model With Microvoids And Porosity, Vahid Tavaf, Sourav Banerjee

Faculty Publications

It is always challenging to provide appropriate material properties for a composite progressive failure model. The nonstandard percentage reduction method that is commonly used to degrade the material constants with micro-scale defects generates tremendous uncertainty in failure prediction. The constitutive matrix is composed of multiple material constants. It is not necessary that all constants degrade either equally or linearly due to a certain state of material defects. With this very concern in mind, this article presents a guideline for using a quantified perturbation for each coefficient appropriately. It also presents distribution of effective material properties (EMPs) in unidirectional composite materials …

Reply To Komatsu Et Al.: From Local Social Mindfulness To Global Sustainability Efforts?, Niels J. Van Doesum, Ryan O. Murphy, Marcello Gallucci, Efrat Aharonov-Majar, Ursula Athenstaedt, Wing Tung Au, Liying Bai, Robert Böhm, Inna Bovina, Nancy R. Buchan, Xiao-Ping Chen, Kitty B. Dumont, Jan B. Engelmann, Kimmo Eriksson, Hyun Euh, Susann Fiedler, Justin Friesen, Simon Gächter, Camilo Garcia, Roberto González, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Gibbs–Duhem Relation For Phase-Field Models Of Polymeric Mixtures, Rami Alhasan, Douglas R. Tree

Faculty Publications

Phase-field models are relatively inexpensive field-based models capable of capturing the nonequilibrium multiphase behavior of polymers and other soft materials. With their rise in popularity over the past several years, questions have arisen concerning the thermodynamic consistency of some model formulations. In doing so, researchers have employed several different forms of the Gibbs–Duhem equation─a classical thermodynamic relationship used to assess consistency─leading to questions about the correct form of this expression for inhomogeneous mixtures. In this paper, we derive a generalized Gibbs–Duhem relation that is valid for phase-field models. The key to the derivation is the recognition that the functional derivatives …

Scanner: A Web Platform For Annotation, Visualization And Sharing Of Single Cell Rna-Seq Data, Guoshuai Cai, Xuanxuan Yu, Choonhan Youn, Jun Zhou, Feifei Xiao

Faculty Publications

In recent years, efficient scRNA-seq methods have been developed, enabling the transcriptome profiling of single cells massively in parallel. Meanwhile, its high dimensionality and complexity bring challenges to the data analysis and require extensive collaborations between biologists and bioinformaticians and/or biostatisticians. The communication between these two units demands a platform for easy data sharing and exploration. Here we developed Single-Cell Transcriptomics Annotated Viewer (SCANNER), as a public web resource for the scientific community, for sharing and analyzing scRNA-seq data in a collaborative manner. It is easy-to-use without requiring special software or extensive coding skills. Moreover, it equipped a real-time database …

Unmanned Aerial Remote Sensing Of Coastal Vegetation: A Review, Grayson R. Morgan, Michael E. Hodgson, Cuizhen Wang, Steven R. Schill

Faculty Publications

Coastal wetlands contribute greatly to our coasts economically and ecologically. The utility of coastal wetland vegetation, along with the multitude of dynamic forces they encounter, suggests the need of regular monitoring for sustainable management. While traditional in situ survey methods and remote sensing from space and manned platforms have provided means to monitor and study the coastal zone thus far, the recent developments of small unmanned aerial systems (sUAS) fill a small void between traditional in situ survey methods and the high spatial resolution of manned aircraft imagery. As an on-demand personal remote sensing device, an sUAS can be deployed …

Family History Of Fxtas Is Associated With Age-Related Cognitive-Linguistic Decline Among Mothers With The Fmr1 Premutation, Jessica Klusek, Amanda Fairchild, Carly Moser, Marsha R. Mailick, Angela John Thurman, Leonard Abbeduto

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Women who carry a premutation allele of the FMR1 gene are at increased vulnerability to an array of age-related symptoms and disorders, including age-related decline in select cognitive skills. However, the risk factors for age-related decline are poorly understood, including the potential role of family history and genetic factors. In other forms of pathological aging, early decline in syntactic complexity is observed and predicts the later onset of neurodegenerative disease. To shed light on the earliest signs of degeneration, the present study characterized longitudinal changes in the syntactic complexity of women with the FMR1 premutation across midlife, and associations …

Self-Relabeling For Noise-Tolerant Retina Vessel Segmentation Through Label Reliability Estimation, Jiacheng Li, Ruirui Li, Ruize Han, Song Wang

Faculty Publications

Background Retinal vessel segmentation benefits significantly from deep learning. Its performance relies on sufficient training images with accurate ground-truth segmentation, which are usually manually annotated in the form of binary pixel-wise label maps. Manually annotated ground-truth label maps, more or less, contain errors for part of the pixels. Due to the thin structure of retina vessels, such errors are more frequent and serious in manual annotations, which negatively affect deep learning performance.

Methods In this paper, we develop a new method to automatically and iteratively identify and correct such noisy segmentation labels in the process of network training. We consider …

Improved Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly Of The Glanville Fritillary Butterfly (Melitaea Cinxia) Integrating Pacific Biosciences Long Reads And A High-Density Linkage Map, Olli-Pekka Smolander, Daniel Blande, Virpi Ahola, Pasi Rastas, Jaakko Tanskanen, Juhana Kammonen, Vicencio Oostra, Lorenzo Pellegrini, Suvi Ikonen, Tad Dallas, Michelle F. Dileo, Anne Duplouy, Iihan Cem Duru, Pauliina Halimaa, Aapo Kahilainen, Suyog S. Kuwar, Sirpa O. Kärenlampi, Elvira Lafuente, Shiqi Luo, Jenny Makkonen, Abhilash Nair, Narua De La Paz Celorio-Mancera, Ville Pennanen, Annukka Ruokolainen, Tarja Sundell, Arja I. Tervahauta, Victoria Twort, Erik Van Bergen, Janina Österman-Udd, Lars Paulin, Mikko J. Frilander, Petri Auvinen, Marjo Saastamoinen

Faculty Publications

Background

The Glanville fritillary (Melitaea cinxia) butterfly is a model system for metapopulation dynamics research in fragmented landscapes. Here, we provide a chromosome-level assembly of the butterfly's genome produced from Pacific Biosciences sequencing of a pool of males, combined with a linkage map from population crosses.

Results

The final assembly size of 484 Mb is an increase of 94 Mb on the previously published genome. Estimation of the completeness of the genome with BUSCO indicates that the genome contains 92–94% of the BUSCO genes in complete and single copies. We predicted 14,810 genes using the MAKER pipeline and …

Current Methods And Future Directions In Avian Diet Analysis, Brandon D. Hoenig, Allison M. Snider, Anna M. Forsman, Keith A. Hobson, Steven C. Latta, Eliot T. Miller, Michael J. Polito, Luke L. Powell, Samantha L. Rogers, Thomas W. Sherry, David P.L. Toews, Andreanna J. Welch, Sabrina S. Taylor, Brady A. Porter

Faculty Publications

Identifying the composition of avian diets is a critical step in characterizing the roles of birds within ecosystems. However, because birds are a diverse taxonomic group with equally diverse dietary habits, gaining an accurate and thorough understanding of avian diet can be difficult. In addition to overcoming the inherent difficulties of studying birds, the field is advancing rapidly, and researchers are challenged with a myriad of methods to study avian diet, a task that has only become more difficult with the introduction of laboratory techniques to dietary studies. Because methodology drives inference, it is important that researchers are aware of …

Search For Darkonium In E+ E− Collisions, J. P. Lees, V. Poireau, V. Tisserand, E. Grauges, A. Palano, G. Eigen, D. N. Brown, Yu. G. Kolomensky, M. Fritsch, H. Koch, T. Schroeder, R. Cheaib, C. Hearty, T. S. Mattison, J. A. Mckenna, R. Y. So, V. E. Blinov, A. R. Buzykaev, Milind Purohit, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

Collider searches for dark sectors, new particles interacting only feebly with ordinary matter, have largely focused on identifying signatures of new mediators, leaving much of dark sector structures unexplored. In particular, the existence of dark matter bound states (darkonia) remains to be investigated. This possibility could arise in a simple model in which a dark photon (A') is light enough to generate an attractive force between dark fermions. We report herein a search for a JPC ¼ 1−− darkonium state, the ϒ_D, produced in the reaction e⁺e⁻ → γϒ_D, ϒ_D → A …

Instructional Design Framework For Construction Materials Training, Hazem Jadallah, Carol J. Friedland, Isabelina Nahmens, Charles Pecquet, Charles Berryman, Yimin Zhu

Faculty Publications

The construction industry is suffering, in part, from a lack of training programs offered to the construction workforce. Unfortunately, most construction training and education research focuses on university student education. Integrating education science theory into construction workforce training has the potential to improve industry training but there is a dearth of studies that present details of this integration process. To address this gap, a training framework was developed to educate material stakeholders on material properties, selection, and installation. This framework is based on andragogical and Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles. An assessment method evaluates training agendas to improve upon …

Disruptions Of The Human Connectome Associated With Hemispatial Neglect, Sadhvi Saxena, Zafer Keser, Chris Rorden, Leonardo Bonilha, Julius Fridriksson Ph.D., Alexandra Walker, Argye Elizabeth Hillis

Faculty Publications

Background and Objectives

Hemispatial neglect is a heterogeneous and complex disorder that can be classified by frame of reference for “left” vs “right,” including viewer-centered neglect (VCN, affecting the contralesional side of the view), stimulus-centered neglect (SCN, affecting the contralesional side of the stimulus, irrespective of its location with respect to the viewer), or both. We investigated the effect of acute stroke lesions on the connectivity of neural networks that underlie VCN or SCN.

Methods

A total of 174 patients within 48 hours of acute right hemispheric infarct underwent a detailed hemispatial neglect assessment that included oral reading, scene copy, …

Measurements Of The Electron-Helicity Asymmetry In The Quasi-Elastic A ((E) Over Right Arrow, E' O) Process, T. Kolar, S. J. Paul, P. Achenbach, H. Arenhoevel, A. Ashkenazi, J. Beričič, R. Böhm, D. Bosnar, T. Brecelj, E. Cline, E. O. Cohen, M. O. Distler, A. Esser, I. Friščić, R. Gilman, C. Giusti, M. Heilig, M. Hoek, D, Izraeli, Steffen Strauch, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

We present measurements of the electron helicity asymmetry in quasi-elastic proton knockout from ²H and ¹²C nuclei by polarized electrons. This asymmetry depends on the fifth structure function, is antisymmetric with respect to the scattering plane, and vanishes in the absence of final-state interactions, and thus it provides a sensitive tool for their study. Our kinematics cover the full range in off-coplanarity angle θ_pq, with a polar angle θ_pq coverage up to about 8^◦. The missing energy resolution enabled us to determine the asymmetries for knock-out resulting in different states of the residual …

Refugees From War: Interviews With Elsa And Max Siegmund, Richard Hacken, Marianne Siegmund

Faculty Publications

In 1987, Marianne Siegmund interviewed her parents (Elsa and Max Siegmund) about their lives, which included her own life experiences as well. The family members are of Transylvanian Saxon origins, coming from a minority German-speaking group that has lived in Transylvania (within Hungary and Romania) since the early Middle Ages. This family saga extends in time from World War One through the 1950s and beyond. (The interviews do not necessarily follow chronologically, however.) The family history begins in Székelyudvarhely, a town in Transylvania that has been divided and redivided between Hungary and Romania a number of times. Because of both …

The Isocaloric Substitution Of Plant-Based And Animal-Based Protein In Relation To Aging-Related Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review, Jiali Zheng, Tianren Zhu, Guanghuan Yang, Longgang Zhao, Fangyu Li, Yong-Moon Park, Fred K. Tabung, Susan E. Steck Phd, Mph, Rd, Xiaoguang Li, Hui Wang

Faculty Publications

Plant-based and animal-based protein intake have differential effects on various aging-related health outcomes, but less is known about the health effect of isocaloric substitution of plant-based and animal-based protein. This systematic review summarized current evidence of the isocaloric substitutional effect of plant-based and animal-based protein on aging-related health outcomes. PubMed and Embase databases were searched for epidemiologic observational studies published in English up to 15 March 2021. Studies that included adults ≥18 years old; use of a nutritional substitution model to define isocaloric substitution of plant protein and animal protein; health outcomes covering mortality, aging-related diseases or indices; and reported …

Future Orientation Among Children Affected By Parental Hiv In China: An Exploratory Analysis Of Complex Interactions, Heather L. Mcdaniel, Sayward E. Harrison, Amanda J. Fairchild, Xiaoming Li Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

We utilized an exploratory analytic approach to examine predictors of children's future beliefs, an internal asset associated with resilience among children affected by HIV, with emphasis on complex interactions among multisystem factors. Children (N = 1221) affected by parental HIV in China reported on psychosocial functioning, as well as internal, familial, and community resilience assets. Exploratory data analysis was conducted using a binary segmentation program. Six binary splits on predictors accounted for 22.78% of the variance in future expectation, suggesting interactions between children's perceived control of their future, loneliness, caregiver trust, and social support. Four binary splits accounted for …

Ethnic Differences In Lbms Structure, Lisa M. Johnson

Faculty Publications

This poster reports on structural correlations between low back vowel merger/position and front lax vowel lowering/retraction (Low-Back-Merger Shift or LBMS). Based on analyses of word list recordings from two groups of Utah teens (Pacific Islanders and Euro Americans), I argue that the position of BOT affects the front vowels in the two ethnic groups differently: while the F1 of EA front vowels is inversely correlated with BOT F1, PI front vowels appear to be more sensitive to BOT F2. These results highlight the structural complexity of LBMS and the importance of recruiting ethnically diverse groups of participants for such studies.

Estimation Of The Global Prevalence Of Dementia In 2019 And Forecasted Prevalence In 2050: An Analysis For The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2019, Emma Nichols, Jaimie D. Steinmetz, Stein Emil Vollset, Kai Fukutaki, Julian Chalek, Ismaeel Yunusa Ph. D., Et Al.

Faculty Publications

Background

Methods