Digital Commons Network^™

Direct Material Property Determination: One-Dimensional Formulation Utilising Full-Field Deformation Measurements, Sreehair Rajan-Kattil, Michael A. Sutton, Subramani Sockalingam, Frank Thomas, Tusit Weerasooriya, Stephen Alexander

Faculty Publications

A direct approach is described to determine the elastic modulus distribution in a nominally heterogeneous material subject to tensile/compression loading and primarily experiencing deformations in the axial direction. The formulation is developed for uniaxial applications using basic theoretical constructs, resulting in a computational framework that has a matrix form [A] {E} = {R}, where the [A] matrix components are known functions of measured axial strains and axial positions, {R} components are known functions of axial body forces, applied loads and reactions and {E} components are the unknown elastic moduli at discrete locations along the length of the specimen. For a …

The Exercise Metabolome: Acute Aerobic And Anaerobic Signatures, Joseph K. Pellegrino, Tracy G. Anthony, Peter Gillies, Shawn M. Arent

Faculty Publications

Background

Exercise modality differentially alters body composition and physical performance. Metabolic changes underlying these outcomes can be tracked through assessment of circulating metabolites. Here, global responses to an acute bout of aerobic or anaerobic exercise were compared in the serum of male and female subjects using a discovery-based metabolomics platform.

Methods

On separate days, 40 healthy, active participants completed 45 min of aerobic cycling or resistance exercise, and blood samples were collected at rest, immediately after (T1) and 1 hour post-exercise (T2) to examine the serum metabolomic landscape.

Results

The two exercise metabolomes appeared more similar than different in this …

Hospital Value-Based Payment Programs And Disparity In The United States: A Review Of Current Evidence And Future Perspectives, Hyunmin Kim, Asos Mahmood, Noah E. Hammarlund, Cyril F. Chang

Faculty Publications

Beginning in the early 2010s, an array of Value-Based Purchasing (VBP) programs has been developed in the United States (U.S.) to contain costs and improve health care quality. Despite documented successes in these efforts in some instances, there have been growing concerns about the programs' unintended consequences for health care disparities due to their built-in biases against health care organizations that serve a disproportionate share of disadvantaged patient populations. We explore the effects of three Medicare hospital VBP programs on health and health care disparities in the U.S. by reviewing their designs, implementation history, and evidence on health care disparities. …

Latest Results From The Cuore Experiment, I. Nutini, D. Q. Adams, C. Alduino, K. Alfonso, F. T. Avignone Iii, O. Azzolini, G. Bari, F. Bellini, M. Beretta, M. Biassoni, A. Branca, C. Brofferio, C. Bucci, J. Camilleri, A. Caminata, L. Canonica, X. G. Cao, S. Capelli, L. Cappelli, L. Cardani, Carl Rosenfeld Jr., Carl Rosenfeld, Et. Al.

Faculty Publications

The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE) is the frst cryogenic experiment searching for 0vββ decay that has been able to reach the onetonne mass scale. The detector, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso (LNGS) in Italy, consists of an array of 988 TeO₂ crystals arranged in a compact cylindrical structure of 19 towers. CUORE began its frst physics data run in 2017 at a base temperature of about 10 mK and in April 2021 released its 3rd result of the search for 0vββ, corresponding to a tonne-year of TeO₂ exposure. This is the …

Advising The Victim Of Domestic Violence, Kristen Clarke Kellems, Kristen Kellems

Faculty Publications

This presentation provides Utah attorneys and advocates with a practical framework for advising people experiencing domestic violence. It explains how criminal, protective-order, divorce, custody, housing, financial, juvenile, and immigration matters may overlap, often leaving clients overwhelmed and uncertain about what each court can accomplish. The presenters emphasize client autonomy, safe communication, realistic expectations, and coordination with victim advocates and community resources. Through case hypotheticals, the presentation examines civil and criminal protective orders, restraining orders, court safety planning, custody and parent-time concerns, documentation, communication between parents, social media, supervised visitation, and the risk that litigation may become another means of control. …

The Risk And Clinical Implications Of Antibiotic-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: A Review Of The Clinical Data For Agents With Signals From The Food And Drug Administration’S Adverse Event Reporting System (Faers) Database, Kalin M. Clifford, Ashley R. Selby, Kelly R. Reveles, Chengwen Teng, Ronald G. Hall Ii, Jamie Mccarrell, Carlos A. Alvarez

Faculty Publications

Antibiotic-associated acute kidney injury (AA-AKI) is quite common, especially among hospitalized patients; however, little is known about risk factors or mechanisms of why AA-AKI occurs. In this review, the authors have reviewed all available literature prior to 1 June 2022, with a large number of AKI reports. Information regarding risk factors of AA-AKI, mechanisms behind AA-AKI, and treatment/management principles to decrease AA-AKI risk were collected and reviewed. Patients treated in the inpatient setting are at increased risk of AA-AKI due to common risk factors: hypovolemia, concomitant use of other nephrotoxic medications, and exacerbation of comorbid conditions. Clinicians should attempt to …

Assessing Performance Of The Healthcare Access And Quality Index, Overall And By Select Age Groups, For 204 Countries And Territories, 1990–2019: A Systematic Analysis From The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2019, Annie Haakenstad, Jamal Akeem Yearwood, Nancy Fullman, Corinne Bintz, Kelly Bienhoff, Ismaeel Yunusa Ph. D., Et Al.

Faculty Publications

Background Health-care needs change throughout the life course. It is thus crucial to assess whether health systems provide access to quality health care for all ages. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019), we measured the Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index overall and for select age groups in 204 locations from 1990 to 2019.

Methods We distinguished the overall HAQ Index (ages 0–74 years) from scores for select age groups: the young (ages 0–14 years), working (ages 15–64 years), and post-working (ages 65–74 years) groups. For GBD 2019, HAQ Index construction …

Ribosomal Rack1 Regulates The Dendritic Arborization By Repressing Fmrp Activity, Nicla Romano, Bruna Di Giacomo, Veronica Nobile, Antonella Borreca, Daniela Willems, Francesca Tilesi, Elisabetta Catalani, Manasi Agrawal, Kristy Welshhans, Sara Ricciardi, Davide Cervia, Marcello Ceci

Faculty Publications

FMRP is an RNA-binding protein that represses the translation of specific mRNAs. In neurons, its depletion determines the exaggerated translation of mRNAs leading to dendritic and axonal aberrant development, two peculiar features of Fragile X syndrome patients. However, how FMRP binds to translational machinery to regulate the translation of its mRNA targets is not yet fully understood. Here, we show that FMRP localizes on translational machinery by interacting with the ribosomal binding protein, Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1 (RACK1). The binding of FMRP to RACK1 removes the translational repressive activity of FMRP and promotes the translation of PSD-95 mRNA, …

Response Of Soil Bacterial Diversity, Predicted Functions And Co-Occurrence Patterns To Nanoceria And Ionic Cerium Exposure, Jie Zhang, Hui Sheng, Yan-Meng Shang, Jamie Lead, Zhang-Zhen Guo, Jian-Ping Hong

Faculty Publications

Release of nanoceria (nCeO₂) into the environment has caused much concern about its potential toxicity, which still remains poorly understood for soil microorganisms. In this study, nanoceria and cerium (III) nitrate at different doses (10, 100 and 500 mg/kg) were applied to bok choy (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis), grown in potting soil, to investigate the responses of soil bacterial communities to nanoceria (NC) and ionic cerium (IC) applications. The results showed that bacterial richness was slightly increased in all cerium treatments relative to the negative control without cerium amendment (CK), but a significant increase was only found in …

Utilization Of 18s Ribosomal Rna Lamp For Detecting Plasmodium Falciparum In Microscopy And Rapid Diagnostic Test Negative Patients, Enoch Aninagyei, Adjoa Agyemang Boakye, Clement Okraku Tettey, Kofi Adjei Nitri, Samuel Ohene Ofori, Comfort Dede Tetteh, Thelma Teley Alphour, Tanko Rufai

Faculty Publications

In this study, Plasmodium falciparum was detected in patients that were declared negative for malaria microscopy and rapid diagnostic test kit (mRDT), using Plasmodium 18s rRNA loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique. The main aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of LAMP assay for detecting pre-clinical malaria, when microscopy and mRDT were less sensitive. DNA was obtained from 100 μL of whole blood using the boil and spin method. Subsequently, the Plasmodium 18s rRNA LAMP assay was performed to amplify the specific Plasmodium 18s rRNA gene. Microscopy and mRDT negative samples [697/2223 (31.2%)] were used for this study. …

Moral Values, Social Ideologies, And Threat-Based Cognition: Implications For Intergroup Relations., Brandon D. Stewart Phd, David S. M. Morris

Faculty Publications

Moral foundations theory (MFT) has provided an account of the moral values that underscore different cultural and political ideologies, and these moral values of harm, fairness, loyalty, authority, and purity can help to explain differences in political and cultural ideologies; however, the extent to which moral foundations relate to strong social ideologies, intergroup processes and threat perceptions is still underdeveloped. To explore this relationship, we conducted two studies. In Study 1 (N = 157), we considered how the moral foundations predicted strong social ideologies such as authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO) as well as attitudes toward immigrants. …

Broadening Participation In Tos Through Honors Nominations And Awards, Frank Muller-Karger, Eeshan Bhatt, Erin L. Meyer-Gutbrod

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Reliability Study Of A New Electromechanical Device Designed To Measure The Relative Dorsal Mobility Of The First Ray Of The Foot, Philippe Passeraub

Faculty Publications

Introduction: A new electromechanical instrument has been developed to measure relative dorsal mobility of the first ray in an objective and reliable way by simulating ground reaction forces during gait. This device equally applies a standardized, electronically controlled, and precise force under the first metatarsal head M1 as well as under the heads of the lesser metatarsals M2 to M5. The relative dorsal mobility between these two bearings is then measured. The purpose of this study is to assess the intra- and inter-examiners reliabilities of the measurements obtained with this device. Methods: The protocol included two examiners and 36 feet …

Profiling Of Shelter Campers, Their Attitudes, And Perceptions Towards Environmental Impacts Of Campsite Use And Management: Evidence From National Parks Of Sri Lanka, Priyan Perera, Shashini Tara Mallikage, David Newsome, Richard Vlosky

Faculty Publications

There is a dearth of research describing the campsite user segment and in assessing camp-site users’ perceptions of the bio-physical impacts of campsite use in Sri Lanka. Using a structured questionnaire, we evaluated campsite user characteristics, visitor motivations, behaviors, and how visitor experience is affected by visible biophysical impacts at campsites. Based on underlying visitor motivations derived through a Factor Analysis and Cluster Analysis, we identified three distinct segments of campsite users: Eco-tourists, Prestige seekers, and Adventure seekers. Results indicate that the overall cleanliness of the campsite is an important attribute that affects the visitor experience. The Ecotourist segment reported …

Accounting For R&D: Evidence And Implications*, Thomas G. Canace, Scott Jackson

Faculty Publications

Accounting rules require that certain R&D expenditures be capitalized, but academic research often states that all R&D expenditures must be immediately expensed. An accurate understanding of actual R&D accounting practices is critical because that understanding influences research questions and design choices. To examine the competing R&D accounting perspectives, we survey 184 experienced financial officers. Our survey reveals that R&D capitalization is common and extensive in practice. Over 90% of respondents indicate that their firm capitalizes at least some R&D expenditures, and our evidence shows that about 22% of annual R&D expenditures are capitalized. When facing an earnings shortfall, respondents indicate …

Instrumental Music Education In Rural North Carolina: A Descriptive Study, Melody Causby, Catheryn Shaw Foster

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to investigate secondary instrumental music education in rural North Carolina. This descriptive study investigated the experiences, attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions that rural instrumental music educators (n = 55) held about their schools, students, and communities. Furthermore, the researchers examined how participants defined success for their programs, what challenges and rewards they experienced in their positions, and what skills they considered most important for themselves as teachers.

Results indicate that although rural music educators find the musical aspects of their positions rewarding, they believe that their nonmusical skills related to teaching, such as developing …

Transitions Between Tobacco Products: Correlates Of Changes In Cigarette Smoking And E-Cigarette Use Among Exclusive Adult Smokers And Dual Users In Mexico, Katia Gallegos-Carrillo, Inti Barrientos-Gutiérrez, Edna Arillo-Santillán, Rosibel Rodríguez-Bolaños, Lizeth Cruz-Jiménez, Desirée Vidaña-Pérez, Yoo Jin Cho, Jim F. Thrasher Ph.D., Ma, Ms

Faculty Publications

This study examined transitions in tobacco products use among Mexican smokers and dual users. Data were analyzed from exclusive smokers (n = 2,946) and dual users (n = 1,643) recruited from an online consumer research panel and surveyed every-four months from November 2018 to April 2021. For exclusive smokers, estimated transitions were (time “t + 1” four months after prior survey): a) remain as exclusive smokers; b) dual use; c) exclusive e-cigarette use or quit both products. Among dual users, transitions analyzed were: a) remain as dual user; b) exclusive smoker; c) exclusive e-cigarette user or quit both products. Multinomial …

“Nothing To Do But Be Borne And Steered”: Unpacking Feminist Scripts In Elana Arnold’S Damsel, Jenna Spiering, Nicole Ann Amato

Faculty Publications

Feminism in novels marketed for young adults often reflects the values of a popular feminism that relies on individual and personal means of empowerment, rather than critiquing or seeking to dismantle systems of domination. In this paper, we illumminate frameworks and methods for engaging students in careful readings and evaluations of texts marketed as feminist, through an analysis of Elana Arnold’s feminist fairy tale, Damsel (2018). Drawing on theoretical frameworks of popular feminism, feral feminism, and theories of becoming, the authors use Critical Content Anlaysis to explore several tenets in contemporary feminist thought in order to analyze Arnold’s text and …

Self-Sensing Smart Products In Smart Manufacturing Systems, Juergen Lenz, Eric Macdonald, Ramy Harik, Thorsten Wuest

Faculty Publications

We are surrounded by a growing number of products with embedded intelligence relying on sensors and internet access. These smart products, that already transform our lives, are also physical entities that need to be manufactured. Manufacturing today similarly relies on data and data-driven insights to improve quality, efficiency, and safety on the shopfloor. This paper discusses the vision to utilize the ability of smart products to sense and communicate already during their own manufacturing to enrich the smart manufacturing system’s data for better insights development and optimization. We furthermore, discuss the barriers and opportunities embedded in such a paradigm shift.

Uav Rapidly-Deployable Stage Sensor With Electro-Permanent Magnet Docking Mechanism For Flood Monitoring In Undersampled Watersheds, Corinne A, Smith, Joud Satme, Jacob Martin, Austin Downey, Nikolaos Vitzilaios, Jasim Imran

Faculty Publications

The availability of historical flood data is vital in recognizing weather-related trends and outlining necessary precautions for at-risk communities. Flood frequency, magnitude, endurance, and volume are traditionally recorded using established streamgages; however, the material and installation costs allow only a few streamgages in a region, which yield a narrow data selection. In particular, stage, the vertical water height in a water body, is an important parameter in determining flood trends. This work investigates a low-cost, compact, rapidly-deployable alternative to traditional stage sensors that will allow for denser sampling within a watershed and a more detailed record of flood events. The …

Screening And Assessment Of Cancer-Related Fatigue: An Executive Summary And Road Map For Clinical Implementation, Joy C. Cohn, Shana Harrington Pt, Ph.D., Jeannette Q. Lee, Daniel Malone, Mary Insana Fisher

Faculty Publications

Background:

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) prevalence is reported as high as 90%. Cancer-related fatigue is multidimensional and associated with lower health-related quality of life. Effective screening and assessment are dependent upon use of valid, reliable, and clinically feasible measures. This Executive Summary of the Screening and Assessment of Cancer-related Fatigue Clinical Practice Guideline provides recommendations for best measures to screen and assess for CRF based on the quality and level of evidence, psychometric strength of the tools, and clinical utility.

Methods:

After a systematic review of the literature, studies evaluating CRF measurement tools were assessed for quality; data extraction included psychometrics …

God's Blazing Grace, Jiří Moskala

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Approaches To Faith Integration: A Case Study Of Andrews University Employees, Duane Covrig, Glynis M. Bradfield, Steven Injety, Duduetsang Kakhu

Faculty Publications

For centuries, Christians have cultivated faith in themselves and others by engaging in prayer, evangelism, discipleship, and education, with Christian tertiary institutions playing a vital role in this nurturing of faith. However, previous studies have shown that Christian educators have also been complicit in depleting faith in others. This erosion of faith has been well documented in American "Christian" universities like Harvard, Yale, and Princeton, primarily due to modernity and secularization. For faith to thrive, it has to be backed with intention, and this is especially of paramount importance in American higher education today. As the oldest Seventh-day Adventist University, …

Same Purpose, New Approach: A Case Study Of The North Dakota Bismarck Mission Using Social Media During Covid-19, Scott L. Howell

Faculty Publications

This is the story of how one mission in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Church) adapted its approach, but not its purpose, to invite all to come unto Jesus Christ during the first 16 months of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 2020 to July 2021). The North Dakota Bismarck Mission (NDBM hereafter) covers all or parts of the states of North and South Dakota, Minnesota, Montana, and Nebraska, and, like the other 404 missions¹ throughout the world, traditional approaches to missionary work were significantly disrupted by the effects of COVID-19. No longer were missionaries able to find and …

Reliable Mode Tracking For Gradient-Based Optimization With Dynamic Stability Constraints, Taylor Mcdonnell, Andrew Ning

Faculty Publications

In order to construct mode-specific flutter constraints for use in gradient-based multidisciplinary design optimization frameworks, mode tracking must be used to associate the current iteration's modes with the modes corresponding to each constraint function. Existing mode tracking methods, however, do not provide a method by which to ensure the accuracy of mode associations, making them unsuitable for use in situations where obtaining correct mode associations is critical. To remedy this issue, a new mode tracking method is presented which incorporates backtracking logic in order to maintain an arbitrarily high degree of confidence in mode correlations during gradient-based optimization and/or during …

Finding Truth In A Post-Truth World, Kenley Hall

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Hd-Tdcs Of Primary And Higher-Order Motor Cortex Affects Action Word Processing, Karim Johari, Nicholas Riccardi, Svetlana Malyutina, Mirage Modi, Rutvik H. Desai

Faculty Publications

The contribution of action-perception systems of the brain to lexical semantics remains controversial. Here, we used high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) in healthy adults to examine the role of primary (left hand motor area; HMA) and higher-order (left anterior inferior parietal lobe; aIPL) action areas in action-related word processing (action verbs and manipulable nouns) compared to non-action-related control words (non-action verbs and non-manipulable nouns). We investigated stimulation-related effects at three levels of semantic processing: subliminal, implicit, and explicit. Broadly, we found that stimulation of HMA and aIPL resulted in relative facilitation of action-related language processing compared to non-action. HMA …

Fund Behavioral Science Like The Frameworks We Endorse: The Case For Increased Funding Of Preliminary Studies By The National Institutes Of Health, Michael Beets, Christopher Pfledderer, Lauren Von Klinggraeff, Sarah Burkart, Bridget Armstrong

Faculty Publications

Innovative, groundbreaking science relies upon preliminary studies (aka pilot, feasibility, proof-of-concept). In the behavioral sciences, almost every large-scale intervention is supported by a series of one or more rigorously conducted preliminary studies. The importance of preliminary studies was established by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 2014/2015 in two translational science frameworks (NIH Stage and ORBIT models). These frameworks outline the essential role preliminary studies play in developing the next generation of evidence-based behavioral prevention and treatment interventions. Data produced from preliminary studies are essential to secure funding from the NIH’s most widely used grant mechanism for large-scale clinical …

Impact Of Zirconia Slurry In Steel Powder On Melt Pool Characteristics In Laser Powder Bed Fusion, Taylor Davis, Tracy W. Nelson, Nathan B. Crane

Faculty Publications

Purpose – dding dopants to a powder bed could be a cost-effective method for spatially varying the material properties in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) or for evaluating new materials and processing relationships. However, these additions may impact the selection of processing parameters. Furthermore, these impacts may be different when depositing nanoparticles into the powder bed than when the same composition is incorporated into the powder particles as by ball milling of powders or mixing similarly sized powders. This study aims to measure the changes in the single bead characteristics with laser power, laser scan speed, laser spot size and …

Contestation And Participation: Concepts, Measurement, And Inference, Vanessa Alexandra Boese, Matthew Wilson Phd

Faculty Publications

Contestation and participation are commonly viewed as two main constituent dimensions of electoral democracy. How exactly have these two dimensions been conceptualized and measured in the literature? Are they empirically observable and do they matter for democratic development and stability? This article answers the first of these questions and considers their implications for the second by reviewing the literature on these two dimensions. We discuss three issues that affect conclusions about dimensions of democracy and their relevance for understanding democratic development: First, conceptual ambiguities—substantive overlap between the two concepts—obscure the meanings of each of the two dimensions. Such ambiguities led …