Digital Commons Network^™

Differentiating Hurricane Deposits In Coastal Sedimentary Records: Two Storms, One Layer, But Different Processes, Marianne E. Dietz, Kam-Biu Liu, Thomas A. Bianchette, Denson Smith

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Anticipating And Adapting To The Future Impacts Of Climate Change On The Health, Security And Welfare Of Low Elevation Coastal Zone (Lecz) Communities In Southeastern Usa, Thomas Allen, Joshua Behr, Anamaria Bukvic, Ryan S.D. Calder, Kiki Caruson, Charles Connor, Christopher D’Elia, David Dismukes, Robin Ersing

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Crisis, Rupture And Structural Change: Re-Imagining Global Learning And Engagement While Staying In Place During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Shruti Rana, Hamid Ekbia

Faculty Publications

The COVID-19 pandemic led to unprecedented closures of national borders and the withdrawal of much of the social and cultural activities of society into the walls of the home. For us, educators focused on global engagement and analyzing international law and society, the abrupt retreat into the shelter of domestic walls disrupted the very subjects we were studying-inside and outside the classroom. In the pandemic 's first wave, most study abroad and international experiential programs were cancelled indefinitely, and the programs that continued had to operate in an environment of social distancing and uncertainty. We were forced to scramble to …

Declaring, Exploring, Instructing, And (Wait For It) Joking: Tonal Variation In Majority Opinions, Lisa A. Eichhorn

Faculty Publications

British literary critic I.A. Richards once defined “tone” as a literary speaker’s attitude toward his or her listener. Borrowing that definition, this article posits that the genre of the majority judicial opinion leaves more room for tonal variation than many scholars have previously theorized. The article first elaborates on the concept of “tone,” distinguishing it from “voice” and “style.” It then reviews the existing scholarship on tone in legal writing and describes the specific dynamics of tone in majority opinions. At that point, the article closely analyzes tonal variation in two 2020 Supreme Court opinions: the majority opinion in Chiafalo …

Shifting Satellite Control Paradigms: Operational Cybersecurity In The Age Of Megaconstellations, Carl A. Poole, Robert A. Bettinger, Mark Reith

Faculty Publications

The introduction of automated satellite control systems into a space-mission environment historically dominated by human-in-the-loop operations will require a more focused understanding of cybersecurity measures to ensure space system safety and security. On the ground-segment side of satellite control, the debut of privately owned communication antennas for rent and a move to cloud-based operations or mission centers will bring new requirements for cyber protection for both Department of Defense and commercial satellite operations alike. It is no longer a matter of whether automation will be introduced to satellite operations, but how quickly satellite operators can adapt to the onset of …

Marginal Benefits Of The Core Securities Laws, Kevin S. Haeberle

Faculty Publications

To every thing there is a season. In the area of securities regulation in the United States, it is the season for expansion. This article shows why such expansion should not involve use of the core issuer disclosure, fraud, and insider trading laws to reduce information asymmetry in the stock market in the name of investor protection. I argue that any expansion of these laws focused on this secondary market should therefore be justified by distinct concerns (namely, efficiency ones). Moreover, any push to better serve and protect investors should be focused on other areas of securities law (such as …

Stability Analysis Using Generalized Sup-Delay Inequalities, Frederic Mazenc, Michael Malisoff, Miroslav Krstic

Faculty Publications

We provide a new generalization of a recent trajectory-based approach for proving global asymptotic stability properties, using new sup-delay inequalities. Our generalization eliminates the usual contractivity requirement from previous sup-delay inequality approaches. We show how the requirements of our generalization hold under less restrictive Halanay's conditions than those that were previously reported. While the usual Halanay's inequality requires the decay rate to exceed the gain, our less restrictive conditions allow the gain to exceed the decay rate. We apply our work to systems with switching delays and to a continuous-discrete system.

The Inverse Problem For A Spectral Asymmetry Function Of The Schrödinger Operator On A Finite Interval, B. Malcolm Brown, Karl Michael Schmidt, Stephen P. Shipman, Ian Wood

Faculty Publications

For the Schrödinger equation (Formula presented.) on a finite x-interval, there is defined an “asymmetry function” (Formula presented.), which is entire of order 1/2 and type 1 in λ. Our main result identifies the classes of square-integrable potentials (Formula presented.) that possess a common asymmetry function (Formula presented.). For any given (Formula presented.), there is one potential for each Dirichlet spectral sequence.

Atlas Of Receptor Genes Expressed By The Bovine Morula And Corresponding Ligand-Related Genes Expressed By Uterine Endometrium, Lei Sang, Yao Xiao, Zongliang Jiang, Niamh Forde, Xiuchun Cindy Tian, Patrick Lonergan, Peter J. Hansen

Faculty Publications

Regulation of the mammalian embryo involves cell-signaling molecules produced by the maternal oviduct and endometrium. Here, datasets on the transcriptome of the gestational Days 5 and 6 bovine morula and Day 5 maternal endometrium were examined to identify receptor genes expressed by the morula and expression of the corresponding ligand-related genes in the endometrium. A total of 175 receptor genes were identified in the morula, including 48 encoding for growth factors or WNT signaling molecules, 25 for cytokines and chemokines, 35 involved in juxtacrine and matricellular signaling and 25 encoding for receptors for small molecules. Some of the highly-expressed pairs …

We Have To Tell Them What?: The New Corporate Transparency Act And Forming Business Entities In Massachusetts, James J. Wheaton, Gustavo De La Cruz Reynozo

Faculty Publications

The details and requirements of business entity formation have traditionally been the sole province of state law. Most states, like Massachusetts, maintain corporate annual report filing requirements that involve the public disclosure of corporate officers and directors, and some impose similar requirements for LLCs or other business entities. Those requirements focus on active managers of the entities, not information about the beneficial ownership of entities formed under their laws. However, the recently enacted federal Corporate Transparency Act (CTA) will fundamentally change entity disclosure.

By January 1, 2022, the Treasury Department will be promulgating regulations that will require every state filing …

Sperm Repository For A Breeding Program Of The Eastern Oyster Crassostrea Virginica: Sample Collection, Processing, Cryopreservation, And Data Management Plan, Huiping Yang, Yuanzi Huo, Jayme C. Yee, Scott Rikard, William C. Walton, Eric A. Saillant

Faculty Publications

The Eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica (Family Ostreidae) is one of the most important fishery and aquaculture species in the U.S. and is a keystone species for coastal reefs. A breeding program was initiated in 2019 to support the fast-growing aquaculture industry culturing this species in the Gulf of Mexico. Oysters from 17 wild populations in embayment along the U.S. Gulf of Mexico coast from southwest Florida to the Matagorda Bay, Texas were used as broodstock for the program to maximize genetic diversity in the base population. A sperm repository of the broodstock was established to support the breeding project. The …

Consensus Revisited: Quantifying Scientific Agreement On Climate Change And Climate Expertise Among Earth Scientists 10 Years Later, Krista F. Myers, Peter T. Doran, John Cook, John E. Kotcher, Teresa A. Myers

Faculty Publications

The scientific consensus on human-caused global warming has been a topic of intense interest in recent decades. This is in part due to the important role of public perception of expert consensus, which has downstream impacts on public opinion and support for mitigation policies. Numerous studies, using diverse methodologies and measures of climate expertise, have quantified the scientific consensus, finding between 90% and 100% agreement on human-caused global warming with multiple studies converging on 97% agreement. This study revisits the consensus among geoscientists ten years after an initial survey of experts, while exploring different ways to define expertise and the …

Robotic Communications For 5g And Beyond: Challenges And Research Opportunities, Yuanwei Liu, Xiao Liu, Xinyu Gao, Xidong Mu, Xiangwei Zhou, Octavia A. Dobre, H. Vincent Poor

Faculty Publications

The ongoing surge in applications of robotics brings both opportunities and challenges for the fifth-generation (5G) and beyond (B5G) of communication networks. This article focuses on 5G/B5G-enabled terrestrial robotic communications with an emphasis on distinct characteristics of such communications. First, signal and spatial modeling for robotic communications are presented. To elaborate further, both the benefits and challenges derived from robots' mobility are discussed. As a further advance, a novel simultaneous localization and radio mapping (SLARM) framework is proposed for integrating localization and communications into robotic networks. Furthermore, dynamic trajectory design and resource allocation for both indoor and outdoor robots are …

Survivability Analysis In The Shadow Of Apollo: Part I - Cislunar Debris Propagation And Spacecraft Vulnerability, Nathan R. Boone, Robert A. Bettinger

Faculty Publications

Although the reality of routine travel and sustained operations and habitation in space likely remains several decades away, the building blocks of space exploration and space system development necessary to realize this reality are currently being laid by peer, near-peer, and emerging space-faring nations. Traditionally, global space operations were notionally limited to near-Earth space, with mission altitudes extending to geosynchronous or even highly elliptical orbits. During the 2010s, however, space operations began moving beyond this paradigm to encompass cislunar space with reinvigorated U.S. initiatives to return to the Moon via the Artemis program, planned commercial space projects, and an accelerated …

Teaching With Quantitative Data In The Social Sciences At The University Of New Hampshire: An Ithaka S+R Local Report, Patricia Condon, Eleta Exline, Louise Buckley

Faculty Publications

This exploratory study investigated the teaching practices of social science instructors at the University of New Hampshire who engage with undergraduate students using quantitative data in the classroom. The participants interviewed teach both general and discipline-specific data concepts as academic, work, and life skills. Primary challenges discussed by the participants that students face in engaging with these topics are understanding math and statistical concepts, learning new software and computing skills, limited prior exposure to data, and lack of retention of content from earlier courses. Participants addressed challenges in several ways in order to lower barriers to learning, including finding, vetting, …

Preaching Social Justice, Hyveth Williams

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Pre-Licensure Nursing Students' Experiences Of Psychological Safety: A Qualitative Descriptive Study, Bret Lyman, Camille R. Mendon

Faculty Publications

Background: Organizational learning is essential for consistently providing safe, efficient, high-quality patient care. Psychological safety is foundational for organizational learning. For pre-licensure nursing students psychological safety is crucial for both their learning and patient safety. Understanding pre-licensure nursing students' experiences of psychological safety can guide efforts to cultivate clinical environments conducive to learning and excellent patient care.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to gain insight into pre-licensure nursing students' first-hand experiences with psychological safety in clinical settings.

Design: A qualitative, descriptive design was used for this study.

Settings: Participants were recruited from 12 different nursing programs across eight …

Fe-Catalyzed Sulfide Oxidation In Hydrothermal Plumes Is A Source Of Reactive Oxygen Species To The Ocean, Timothy J. Shaw, George W. Luther Iii, Richard Rosas, Véronique E. Oldham, Nicole R. Coffey, John L. Ferry, Dewamunnage M. C. Dias, Mustafa Yücel, Aubin Thibault De Chanvalon

Faculty Publications

Historically, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the ocean has been attributed to photochemical and biochemical reactions. However, hydrothermal vents emit globally significant inventories of reduced Fe and S species that should react rapidly with oxygen in bottom water and serve as a heretofore unmeasured source of ROS. Here, we show that the Fe-catalyzed oxidation of reduced sulfur species in hydrothermal vent plumes in the deep oceans supported the abiotic formation of ROS at concentrations 20 to 100 times higher than the average for photoproduced ROS in surface waters. ROS (measured as hydrogen peroxide) were determined in hydrothermal …

Recoverability For Optimized Quantum F-Divergences, Li Gao, Mark M. Wilde

Faculty Publications

The optimized quantum f -divergences form a family of distinguishability measures that includes the quantum relative entropy and the sandwiched R'enyi relative quasi-entropy as special cases. In this paper, we establish physically meaningful refinements of the data-processing inequality for the optimized f -divergence. In particular, the refinements state that the absolute difference between the optimized f -divergence and its channel-processed version is an upper bound on howwell one can recover a quantum state acted upon by a quantum channel, whenever the recovery channel is taken to be a rotated Petz recovery channel.Not only do these results lead to physically meaningful …

Emr: A New Metric To Assess The Resilience Of Directional Mmwave Channels To Blockages, Faith Erden, Ozgur Ozdemir, Ismail Guvenc, David W. Matolak

Faculty Publications

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems require narrow beams to compensate for high path loss and to increase the communication range. If an obstacle blocks the dominant communication direction, alternative paths (directions) should be quickly identified to maintain reliable connectivity. In this paper, we introduce a new metric to quantify the Effective Multipath Richness (EMR) of a directional communication channel in the angular domain. In particular, the proposed metric takes into account the strength and spatial diversity of the resolved Multipath Components (MPCs), while also considering the beamwidth of the communication link and the blockage characteristics. The metric is defined as a …

Diversity In Innovation Best Practices Guide, Laura Norris, Mary Fuller, Joy Peacock, Sydney Yazzolino

Faculty Publications

In 2020, the USPTO collaborated with the HTLI to propose a study designed to increase diversity in the patenting process, specifically targeted to in-house legal / IP department and their practices. The goal of the study was simple - harvesting the collective knowledge of nationwide IP professionals and producing an “insanely practical” guide to expand inventorship to a more diverse inventor population. By “diverse” we mean underrepresented or historically marginalized groups in the United States patent system. The term "diversity" can be interpreted differently in different countries. The HTLI research team collected this extensive list of over 90 best practice …

Concussion History And Heart Rate Variability During Bouts Of Acute Stress, Adam Harrison, Abbi Lane-Cordova, Michael F. La Fountaine, Robert Davis Moore Ms, Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Context

After a sport-related concussion, many athletes experience persisting neurophysiological alterations. These alterations may be absent at rest but emerge during moments of physiological stress. Unnoticed and untreated neurophysiological dysfunction may negatively affect long-term neurologic health in adolescent athletes, as they are at a critical point in development. Objective

To assess cardio-autonomic functioning in athletes with and those without a history of concussion by quantifying measures of heart rate variability (HRV) during times of physical and mental exertion. Design

Case-control study. Setting

Research laboratory. Patients or Other Participants

Thirty-four male Hockey Quebec Midget-AAA hockey players were separated into those with …

Advancing Use Of Nutrition Knowledge To Improve Practice By Policy And Program Communities In India During A Political Transition, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Jessica L. Escobar-Alegria

Faculty Publications

Models are needed for how to advance use of knowledge by programs and policy officials to make evidence-based decisions about nutrition. How to advance use of nutrition knowledge in India from 2011 to 2015 during a political transition was investigated through studying a knowledge initiative led by the International Food Policy Research Institute. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 37 diverse participants, and 1091 news articles, 318 Twitter and 175 Facebook posts, 12 YouTube events, 65 knowledge products, and 130 engaging events were assessed. Open-axial coding, content and themes analysis, triangulation, and process tracing were used. The knowledge initiative analyzed the …

Increasing The Spatial And Temporal Impact Of Ecological Research: A Roadmap For Integrating A Novel Terrestrial Process Into An Earth System Model, Emily Kyker-Snowman, Danica L. Lombardozzi, Gordon B. Bonan, Susan J. Cheng, Jeffrey S. Dukes, Serita D. Frey, Elin M. Jacobs, Risa Mcnellis, Joshua M. Rady, Nicholas G. Smith, R. Quinn Thomas, William R. Wieder, A. Stuart Grandy

Faculty Publications

Terrestrial ecosystems regulate Earth's climate through water, energy, and biogeochemical transformations. Despite a key role in regulating the Earth system, terrestrial ecology has historically been underrepresented in the Earth system models (ESMs) that are used to understand and project global environmental change. Ecology and Earth system modeling must be integrated for scientists to fully comprehend the role of ecological systems in driving and responding to global change. Ecological insights can improve ESM realism and reduce process uncertainty, while ESMs offer ecologists an opportunity to broadly test ecological theory and increase the impact of their work by scaling concepts through time …

The Future Of Zoonotic Risk Prediction, Colin J. Carlson, Maxwell J. Farrell, Zoe Grange, Barbara A. Han, Nardus Mollentze, Alexandra L. Phelan, Angela L. Rasmussen, Gregory F. Albery, Bernard Bett, David M. Brett-Major, Lily E. Cohen, Tad Dallas, Evan A. Eskew, Anna C. Fagre, Kristian M. Forbes, Rory Gibb, Sam Halabi, Charlotte C. Hammer, Rebecca Katz, Jason Kindrachuk, Renata L. Muylaert, Felicia B. Nutter, Joseph Ogola, Kevin J. Olival, Michelle Rourke, Sadie J. Ryan, Noam Ross, Stephanie N. Seifert, Tarja Sironen, Claire J. Standley, Kishana Taylor, Marietjie Venter, Paul W. Webala

Faculty Publications

In the light of the urgency raised by the COVID-19 pandemic, global investment in wildlife virology is likely to increase, and new surveillance programmes will identify hundreds of novel viruses that might someday pose a threat to humans. To support the extensive task of laboratory characterization, scientists may increasingly rely on data-driven rubrics or machine learning models that learn from known zoonoses to identify which animal pathogens could someday pose a threat to global health. We synthesize the findings of an interdisciplinary workshop on zoonotic risk technologies to answer the following questions. What are the prerequisites, in terms of open …

Moving Forward?, Andrea Luxton

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Drone-Based Vibration Monitoring And Assessment Of Structures, Sabrina Carroll, Joud Satme, Shadhan Alkharusi, Nikolaos Vitzilaios, Austin Downey, Dimitris Rizos

Faculty Publications

This paper presents a novel method of procuring and processing data for the assessment of civil structures via vibration monitoring. This includes the development of a custom sensor package designed to minimize the size/weight while being fully self-sufficient (i.e., not relying on external power). The developed package is delivered to the structure utilizing a customized Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS), otherwise known as a drone. The sensor package features an electropermanent magnet for securing it to the civil structure while a second magnet is used to secure the package to the drone during flight. The novel B-Spline Impulse Response Function (BIRF) …

Modeling Of Mos2 Tunnel Field Effect Transistor In Verilog-A For Vlsi Circuit Design, Md Azmot Ullah Khan, Naheem Olakunle Adesina, Jian Xu

Faculty Publications

This paper presents the design of an inverter, half adder, and ring oscillator using compact models of MoS2 channel-based tunnel field effect transistor (TFET). The TFET models (both nand p-type) are written in high-level hardware language Verilog-Analog (Verilog-A) following the analytical model of [1] and the output characteristics of the components are simulated in Cadence/Spectre software. The performance of the designed inverter (a basic building block of VLSI circuit) is analyzed by extracting its different parameters, such as transfer characteristics, power dissipation and consumption, delay, power delay product. The simulated outputs (sum carry) obtained from the half adder circuit exactly …

Automated Drone Detection Using Yolov4, Subroto Singha, Burchan Aydin

Faculty Publications

Drones are increasing in popularity and are reaching the public faster than ever before. Consequently, the chances of a drone being misused are multiplying. Automated drone detection is necessary to prevent unauthorized and unwanted drone interventions. In this research, we designed an automated drone detection system using YOLOv4. The model was trained using drone and bird datasets. We then evaluated the trained YOLOv4 model on the testing dataset, using mean average precision (mAP), frames per second (FPS), precision, recall, and F1-score as evaluation parameters. We next collected our own two types of drone videos, performed drone detections, and calculated the …

Functions Of Social Networks In Maternal Food Choice For Children In Mexico, Ligia I. Reyes, Edward A. Frongillo, Spencer Moore, Christine E. Blake, Wendy Gonzalez, Anabelle Bonvecchio

Faculty Publications

Food choice for children has important implications in establishing early-life dietary habits and preferences. Food choice for children has been studied as parent–child dyad dynamics, but little is known about the extended system of relationships in maternal food choice for children. The objective of this study was to understand the functions of mothers' social networks in the food choices that mothers make for their children ages 1 to 5 years old in rural Mexico. In-depth interviews were conducted with 46 participants in three rural communities. The interviews inquired about participants' child-feeding practices, personal and local beliefs about child feeding and …