Digital Commons Network^™

Linkage And Association Analysis Of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (Ace)-Gene Polymorphisms With Ace Concentration And Blood Pressure, Xiaofeng Zhu, Nourdine Bouzekri, Lorraine Southam, Richard S. Cooper, Adebowale Adeyemo, Colin A. Mckenzie, Amy Luke, Guangjie Chen, Robert C. Elston, Ryk Ward

Faculty Publications

Considerable effort has been expended to determine whether the gene for angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) confers susceptibility to cardiovascular disease. In this study, we genotyped 13 polymorphisms in the ACE gene in 1,343 Nigerians from 332 families. To localize the genetic effect, we first performed linkage and association analysis of all the markers with ACE concentration. In multipoint variance-component analysis, this region was strongly linked to ACE concentration (maximum LOD score 7.5). Likewise, most of the polymorphisms in the ACE gene were significantly associated with ACE (P < .0013). The two most highly associated polymorphisms, ACE4 and ACE8, accounted for 6% and 19% of the variance in ACE, respectively. A two-locus additive model with an additive x additive interaction of these polymorphisms explained most of the ACE variation associated with this region. We next analyzed the relationship between these two polymorphisms (ACE4 and ACE8) and blood pressure (BP). Although no evidence of linkage was detected, significant association was found for both systolic and diastolic BP when a two-locus additive model developed for ACE concentration was used. Further analyses demonstrated that an epistasis model provided the best fit to the BP variation. In conclusion, we found that the two polymorphisms explaining the greatest variation in ACE concentration are significantly associated with BP, through interaction, in this African population sample. Our study also demonstrates that greater statistical power can be anticipated with association analysis versus linkage, when markers in strong linkage disequilibrium with a trait locus have been identified. Furthermore, alllelic interaction may play an important role in the dissection of complex traits such as BP.

A Two-Level Implementation For Lushootseed Morphology, Deryle W. Lonsdale

Faculty Publications

This paper describes the implementatio of a computer system that processes Lushootseed word forms. Built on the two-level model and leveraging finite-state technology, the system is able both to parse surface forms to arives at the underlying morphemic decomposition, and to generate surface forms given such a representation. Components of the system are discussed including the lexicon architecture, rule formulation and specification, ans the word-structurer grammar. Issues relevant to processing Lushootseed are discussed including reduplication, allomorphic variation, inflectional and derivational affixation, and morphophonemic alternations.

Nature Writing, American Literature, And The Idea Of Community: A Conversation With Barry Lopez, David Thomas Sumner

Faculty Publications

This interview with Barry Lopez is part of a series of conversations with contemporary western writers about the ethical and cultural implications of nature writing.

The Dillow’S Ridge Site And The Production Of Mill Creek Chert Tools, Brian M. Butler, Charles R. Cobb

Faculty Publications

The Dillow's Ridge site (11 U635) is a small Mississippian village situated on an unplowed hilltop near the largest known Mill Creek chert quarry in Union County, Illinois. The site was both a permanent residential settlement and a major workshop where Mill Creek chert tools were produced for nonlocal use. Radiocarbon dates document the occupation from the late 1200s A.D. to A.D. 1450 or 1500. The production debris and rejects indicate that the major “export" products were hoes and Ramey knives. Although the quantity of lithic debris on the site is very impressive, estimates of annual production of large biface …

Reading Between The Lines: Human Genomic Variation Induced By Line-1 Retrotransposition, Fang Miin Sheen, Stephen T. Sherry, Gregory M. Risch, Myles Robichaux, Ivane Nasidze, Mark Stoneking, Mark A. Batzer, Gary D. Swergold

Faculty Publications

The insertion of mobile elements into the genome represents a new class of genetic markers for the study of human evolution. Long interspersed elements (LINEs) have amplified to a copy number of about 100,000 over the last 100 million years of mammalian evolution and comprise ~15% of the human genome. The majority of LINE-1 (L1) elements within the human genome are 5' truncated copies of a few active L1 elements that are capable of retrotransposition. Some of the young L1 elements have inserted into the human genome so recently that populations are polymorphic for the presence of an L1 element …

Preservation And Interpretive Plan For The Dill Tract Civil War Earthworks On James Island, South Carolina, Steven D. Smith

Faculty Publications

Beginning in the late fall of 1862 the Confederate Army defending Charleston began work on a line of earthworks and batteries across James Island, South Carolina, from Secessionville to the Stono River. The lines were called the "New Lines" to distinguish them from other lines built in 1861. Today, approximately 3,000 feet of these lines still exist in very good condition on a 17.3 acre tract of land that represent a portion of the Dill Tract. The tract and earthworks (archaeological site 38CH 195) are part of a noncontiguous district listed on the National Register of Historic Places and are …

Ritual And The Rhetoric Of Repetition In Angela's Ashes, Beverly Matiko

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Annotated Bibliography Of Research In The Teaching Of English, Deborah Brown, Wayne Martino, Gert Rijlaarsdam, Anne D'Antonio Stinson, Melissa E. Whiting

Faculty Publications

Twice a year, in the May ann November issues, RTE publishes a selected bibliography of recent research in the teaching of English. Most of the studies appeared during the six-mouth period preceding the complication of the bibliography (July through December; 1999, for the present bibliography), but some studies that appeared earlier are occasionally included. The listing is selective; we make no attempt to include all research and research-related articles that appeared in the period under review. Comments on the bibliography and suggestions about items for inclusion may be directed to the bibliography editors We encourage you to send your suggestions …

Settlement Patterns And The Origins Of African Jamaican Society: Seville Plantation, St. Ann's Bay, Jamaica, Douglas V. Armstrong, Kenneth G. Kelly

Faculty Publications

Archaeological and historical research at Seville Plantation, Jamaica, are used to explain changes in settlement patterns within the estate's African Jamaican community between 1670 and the late nineteenth century. Sugar plantations, such as Seville, are marked by well-defined spatial order based upon economic and power relations that was imposed upon enslaved communities by planters and managers. Archaeological evidence is used to explore how enslaved Africans modified this imposed order and redefined boundaries in ways that correspond with the development of a distinct African Jamaican society. The rigidly defined linear housing arrangements initially established by the planter, and their relations to …

The Father's Witness: Patriarchal Images Of Boys, David Lee Miller

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Young Adults, Rituals, And Library Space, Anthony Bernier

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Distribution Of Human Genetic Diversity: A Comparison Of Mitochondrial, Autosomal, And Y-Chromosome Data, Lynn B. Jorde, W. S. Watkins, M. J. Bamshad, M. E. Dixon, C. E. Ricker, M. T. Seielstad, M. A. Batzer

Faculty Publications

We report a comparison of worldwide genetic variation among 255 individuals by using autosomal, mitochondrial, and Y-chromosome polymorphisms. Variation is assessed by use of 30 autosomal restriction-site polymorphisms (RSPs), 60 autosomal short-tandem-repeat polymorphisms (STRPs), 13 Alu-insertion polymorphisms and one LINE-1 element, 611 bp of mitochondrial control-region sequence, and 10 Y-chromosome polymorphisms. Analysis of these data reveals substantial congruity among this diverse array of genetic systems. With the exception of the autosomal RSPs, in which an ascertainment bias exists, all systems show greater gene diversity in Africans than in either Europeans or Asians. Africans also have the largest total number of …

Comparability Of Resting Energy Expenditure In Nigerians And U.S. Blacks, Amy Luke, Charles N. Rotimi, Adebowale A. Adeyemo, Ramon A. Durazo-Arvizu, T. Elaine Prewitt, Lisa Moragne-Kayser, Regina Marders, Richard S. Cooper

Faculty Publications

Objective: To determine the influence of environmental factors on resting energy expenditure (REE) and its relationship to adiposity in two populations of West African origin, Nigerians and U.S. blacks. Research Methods and Procedures: REE and body composition were measured in a cross-sectional sample of 89 Nigerian adults (39 women and 50 men), and 181 U.S. black adults (117 women and 65 men). Both groups represent randomly selected population samples. REE was measured by indirect calorimetry after an overnight fast in both sites using the same instrument. Body composition was estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in 72 Nigerians and 156 …

"A Man In A Painted Garment:" The Social Functions Of Jesting In Elizabethan Rhetoric And Courtesy Manuals, Christopher Holcomb

Faculty Publications

Many Elizabethan rhetoric and courtesy manuals offer jesting as a powerful rhetorical strategy for managing specific situations. Although highly pragmatic, the manuals' treatments of the subject imply a sociology of humor that classifies jests according to the broader social functions they serve: jests which preserve existing social relations and jests which disrupt, or even challenge, them. What eludes this classificatory scheme, however, are the properties of jesting itself. Jesting is always a flirtation with disorder and often serves conservative and disruptive functions simultaneously. If this is so, then the manuals' discussions of jesting replay (and magnify) ambiguities and anxieties characteristic …

Zooarchaeology, Susan L. Scott

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Fronting And Palatalization In Two Dialects Of Shoshoni, Dirk Elzinga

Faculty Publications

In Western Shoshoni, a Uto- Aztecan language spoken in northern Nevada, coronal obstruents are found in distributional patterns which depend on the presence or absence of a preceding front vowel ([i] or [e]). In the pattern I refer to as FRONTING, alveolar stops alternate with dental stops - dental stops occur following front vowels (la), while alveolar stops occur elsewhere (lb); this pattern is common to all dialects:

A Biblical Theology Of The Flood, Richard M. Davidson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Daily Life In The Shadow Of Empire: A Food Systems Approach To The Archaeology Of The Ottoman Period, Oystein S. Labianca

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Primer For The First-Time Law Dean Candidate, Robert H. Jerry Ii

Faculty Publications

This article identifies fourteen principles of which the first-time dean candidate should be mindful. The prescriptions are aspirational in nature, and the article suggests the reader engage in some introspection about which of the fourteen items are most applicable on a personal level.

Desire, Violence, And The Passion In Fragment Vii Of "The Canterbury Tales": A Girardian Reading, Curtis Gruenler

Faculty Publications

Part of a special issue on René Girard. The tales of fragment 7 of Chaucer's Canterbury Tales collectively address the problem of human violence and the potential of literature to perpetuate or remedy this problem. The narrative that links the two middles tales of fragment 7 provides a critique of violence that goes beyond mere opposition to war. In this narrative, Chaucer alludes to Christ's crucifixion and death in order to speak as a witness to suffering. In the first three tales of fragment 7—The Shipman's Tale, The Prioress's Tale, and Sir Thopas,—Chaucer depicts the tendencies to mythologize violence in …

Playing With Time - Art And Peformance In Mali, Stephen Wooten

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

La France Et L'Égypte De 1882 À 1914: Intérêts Économiques Et Implications Politiques, By Samir Saul, Michael S. Smith

Faculty Publications

A review of La France et l'Égypte de 1882 à 1914: Intérêts économiques et implications politiques, by Samir Saul

“Indians,” “Braves,” And “Redskins”: A Performative Struggle For Control Of An Image, Jackson B. Miller

Faculty Publications

Native American groups across the country have been protesting the use of their symbols and heritage in sports arenas for over a decade. Yet, particularly in the realm of professional sports, these protests have not generated significant changes in attitudes and practices. This critical essay examines several Native American protest events to reveal the factors contributing to the failure of the reform movement and to suggest some strategies for rhetorically reformulating the campaign.

A Good Home For A Poor Man: Fort Polk And Vernon Parish, 1800-1940, Steven D. Smith

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Louisiana Native Guards: The Black Military Experience During The Civil War, By James G. Hollandsworth, Jr., Steven D. Smith

Faculty Publications

This contains a review of the title book, The Louisiana Native Guards: The Black Military Experience During the Civil War, by James G. Hollandsworth, Jr., as well as a review of an additional book:

Thank God My Regiment an African One: The Civil War Diary of Colonel Nathan W. Daniels, edited by C.P. Weaver

Sequential Loss Of Two Neighboring Exons Of The Tropoelastin Gene During Primate Evolution, Zoltán Szabó, Simona A. Levi-Minzi, Angela M. Christiano, Carole Struminger, Mark Stoneking, Mark A. Batzer, Charles D. Boyd

Faculty Publications

Previous evidence has demonstrated the absence of exons 34 and 35 within the 3′ end of the human tropoelastin (ELN) gene. These exons encode conserved polypeptide domains within tropoelastin and are found in the ELN gene in vertebrate species ranging from chickens to rats to cows. We have analyzed the ELN gene in a variety of primate species to determine whether the absence of exons 34 and 35 in humans either is due to allelic variation within the human population or is a general characteristic of the Primates order. An analysis of the 3′ end of the ELN gene in …

Maximum-Likelihood Generalized Heritability Estimate For Blood Pressure In Nigerian Families, Charles N. Rotimi, Richard S. Cooper, Guichan Cao, Olufemi Ogunbiyi, Modupe Ladipo, Eme Owoaje, Ryk Ward

Faculty Publications

Elevated blood pressure (BP) is more common in relatives of hypertensives than in relatives of normotensives, indicating familial resemblance of the BP phenotypes. Most published studies have been conducted in westernized societies. To assess the ability to generalize these estimates, we examined familial patterns of BP in a population-based sample of 510 nuclear families, including 1552 individuals (320 fathers, 370 mothers, 475 sons, and 387 daughters) from Ibadan, Nigeria. The prevalence of obesity in this community is low (body mass index: fathers 21.6; mothers, 23.6; sons, 19.2; and daughters=21.0 kg/m2). The BP phenotype used in all analyses was created from …

Policy And Science: A Review Essay Of Wilson’S Consilience: The Unity Of Knowledge, Thomas E. Geu

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Colder Than Hell: A Marine Rifle Company At Chosin Reservoir, By Joseph R. Owen, Steven D. Smith

Faculty Publications

A review of Colder Than Hell: A Marine Rifle Company at Chosin Reservoir, by Joseph R. Owen.

Making The "White Man's Country" White: Race, Slavery, And State-Building In The Jacksonian South, Lacy K. Ford, Jr.

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.