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Fate And Transport Of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (Pfas) At Aqueous Film Forming Foam (Afff) Discharge Sites: A Review, Jeffery T. Mcgarr, Eric G. Mbonimpa, Drew C. Mcavoy, Mohamad R. Soltanian May 2023

Fate And Transport Of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (Pfas) At Aqueous Film Forming Foam (Afff) Discharge Sites: A Review, Jeffery T. Mcgarr, Eric G. Mbonimpa, Drew C. Mcavoy, Mohamad R. Soltanian

Faculty Publications

Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) are an environmentally persistent group of chemicals that can pose an imminent threat to human health through groundwater and surface water contamination. In this review, we evaluate the subsurface behavior of a variety of PFAS chemicals with a focus on aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) discharge sites. AFFF is the primary PFAS contamination risk at sites such as airports and military bases due to use as a fire extinguisher. Understanding the fate and transport of PFAS in the subsurface environment is a multifaceted issue. This review focuses on the role of adsorbent, adsorbate, and …

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A Deeper Understanding Of Noise Effects On Cetaceans, Jason N. Bruck May 2023

A Deeper Understanding Of Noise Effects On Cetaceans, Jason N. Bruck

Faculty Publications

Recent research with cetaceans under human care is illuminating just how dolphins are affected by human-made noise both in terms of their ability to cooperate as well as their ability to habituate to such noise. This research is providing granular detail to regulators assessing the problems associated with anthropogenic effects and is highlighting a role for behavior/cognition research in conservation.

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Bovine Blastocyst-Like Structures Derived From Stem Cell Cultures, Carlos A. Pinzón-Arteaga, Yinjuan Wang, Yulei Wei, Ana E. Ribeiro Orsi, Leijie Li, Giovanna Scatolin, Lizhong Liu, Masahiro Sakurai, Jianfeng Ye, Hao Ming, Leqian Yu, Bo Li, Zongliang Jiang, Jun Wu May 2023

Bovine Blastocyst-Like Structures Derived From Stem Cell Cultures, Carlos A. Pinzón-Arteaga, Yinjuan Wang, Yulei Wei, Ana E. Ribeiro Orsi, Leijie Li, Giovanna Scatolin, Lizhong Liu, Masahiro Sakurai, Jianfeng Ye, Hao Ming, Leqian Yu, Bo Li, Zongliang Jiang, Jun Wu

Faculty Publications

Understanding the mechanisms of blastocyst formation and implantation is critical for improving farm animal reproduction but is hampered by a limited supply of embryos. Here, we developed an efficient method to generate bovine blastocyst-like structures (termed blastoids) via assembling bovine trophoblast stem cells and expanded potential stem cells. Bovine blastoids resemble blastocysts in morphology, cell composition, single-cell transcriptomes, in vitro growth, and the ability to elicit maternal recognition of pregnancy following transfer to recipient cows. Bovine blastoids represent an accessible in vitro model for studying embryogenesis and improving reproductive efficiency in livestock species.

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Why Understanding Food Choice Is Crucial To Transform Food Systems For Human And Planetary Health, Krystal K. Rampalli, Christine E. Blake Ph.D., Rd, Edward A. Frongillo Ph.D., Joseph Montoya May 2023

Why Understanding Food Choice Is Crucial To Transform Food Systems For Human And Planetary Health, Krystal K. Rampalli, Christine E. Blake Ph.D., Rd, Edward A. Frongillo Ph.D., Joseph Montoya

Faculty Publications

What, how and why people eat has long been understood to be important for human health, but until recently, has not been recognised as an essential facet of climate change and its effects on planetary health. The global climate change and diet-related health crises occurring are connected to food systems, food environments and consumer food choices. Calls to transform food systems for human and planetary health highlight the importance of understanding individual food choice. Understanding what, how and why people eat the way they do is crucial to successful food systems transformations that achieve both human and planetary health goals. …

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Mathematics Library News, Aaron Lercher May 2023

Mathematics Library News, Aaron Lercher

Faculty Publications

Mathematics Library News is an LSU Libraries newsletter for members of the Mathematics and Experimental Statistics Departments, published roughly once each semester.

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Niche Specialization And Community Niche Space Increase With Species Richness In Filter-Feeder Assemblages, Irene Sánchez González, Garrett W. Hopper, Jamie R. Bucholz, Megan E. Kubala, Jeffrey D. Lozier, Carla L. Atkinson May 2023

Niche Specialization And Community Niche Space Increase With Species Richness In Filter-Feeder Assemblages, Irene Sánchez González, Garrett W. Hopper, Jamie R. Bucholz, Megan E. Kubala, Jeffrey D. Lozier, Carla L. Atkinson

Faculty Publications

Ecological theory posits that higher species richness should be associated with greater exploitation of resources and niche packing resulting from either increasing species niche overlap or specialization of species' niches. Research evaluating niche theory in animals tends to focus on organisms among functional feeding guilds, while resource partitioning might be more critical within functional groups. Freshwater mussels (Family: Unionidae) are a diverse and imperiled group of animals that are ideal models to test niche occupancy due to their functional similarity as filter-feeders and their occurrence in spatially and temporally stable multispecies aggregations. We evaluated the relationship between species richness and …

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Handling And Restraint Induce A Significant Increase In Plasma Corticosterone In Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots (Amazona Ventralis), Shelby N. Parks, Thomas N. Tully, Aspen L. Settle, Christine R. Lattin May 2023

Handling And Restraint Induce A Significant Increase In Plasma Corticosterone In Hispaniolan Amazon Parrots (Amazona Ventralis), Shelby N. Parks, Thomas N. Tully, Aspen L. Settle, Christine R. Lattin

Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: To measure baseline plasma corticosterone levels in Hispaniolan Amazon parrots (Amazona ventralis) and assess the effects of handling and restraint on corticosterone levels over 1 hour, reflective of what parrots might experience during veterinary care. ANIMALS: 10 male and 12 female Hispaniolan Amazon parrots. PROCEDURES: Each parrot was removed from its cage and wrapped in a towel for restraint similar to that performed in a clinical setting. An initial baseline blood sample was collected in < 3 minutes upon entrance into the parrot room, after which blood samples were taken every 15 minutes for 1 hour (a total of 5 blood samples). An enzyme-linked immunoassay was validated for Hispaniolan Amazon parrots and used to determine concentrations of plasma corticosterone. RESULTS: On average, parrots showed a significant increase in corticosterone between baseline samples and all subsequent postrestraint time points (average baseline corticosterone ± SD: 0.51 ± 0.65 ng/mL). Females, on average, displayed significantly higher corticosterone levels than males after 30, 45, and 60 minutes of restraint (P = .016, P = .0099, and P = .015, respectively). Birds with feather-destructive behavior did not have significantly higher corticosterone levels than birds without the condition (P = .38). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Understanding the physiological stress response in companion psittacine birds during routine handling will allow clinicians to better evaluate how this may affect the patient's condition and diagnostic test results. Assessing how corticosterone correlates to behavioral conditions such as feather-destructive behavior will provide clinicians with the potential to develop treatment options.

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‘Flla09015-U1’: A Broadly Adapted Dual-Purpose Oat Cultivar For Southern Usa, Md Ali Babar, Stephen A. Harrison, Ann Blount, Ronald D. Barnett, Jerry Johnson, Mohamed Mergoum, Daniel J. Mailhot, J. Paul Murphy, Richard E. Mason, Amir Ibrahim, Russell Sutton, Bryan Simoneaux, Richard Boyles, Brad Stancil, David Marshall, Myron Fountain, Kathy Esvelt Klos, Naeem Khan, Marcelo Wallau, Henry G. Jordan May 2023

‘Flla09015-U1’: A Broadly Adapted Dual-Purpose Oat Cultivar For Southern Usa, Md Ali Babar, Stephen A. Harrison, Ann Blount, Ronald D. Barnett, Jerry Johnson, Mohamed Mergoum, Daniel J. Mailhot, J. Paul Murphy, Richard E. Mason, Amir Ibrahim, Russell Sutton, Bryan Simoneaux, Richard Boyles, Brad Stancil, David Marshall, Myron Fountain, Kathy Esvelt Klos, Naeem Khan, Marcelo Wallau, Henry G. Jordan

Faculty Publications

‘FLLA09015-U1’ (Reg. no. CV-387, PI 699117) is a new facultative oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar that was co-developed by the University of Florida and Louisiana State University Agricultural Center and was released in 2019. This line was derived from a single cross of FL0210-J1/MN06203. FLLA09015-U1 has considerable potential for grain and forage yield and for conservation tillage purposes in the southern United States. Exclusive marketing rights for FLLA09015-U1 has been granted to JoMar Seeds and is currently commercialized under the name of Juggernaut. FLLA09015-U1 was developed using selected bulk breeding method and was selected as an F5:6 head row. The …

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‘Flla11019-8’: A New Dual-Purpose Facultative Oat Cultivar For Grain And Forage Production In The Southern United States, Md Ali Babar, Stephen A. Harrison, Ann Blount, Ronald D. Barnett, Jerry Johnson, Mohamed Mergoum, Daniel J. Mailhot, J. Paul Murphy, Richard E. Mason, Amir Ibrahim, Russell Sutton, Bryan Simoneaux, Richard Boyles, Brad Stancil, David Marshall, Myron Fountain, Kathy Esvelt Klos, Naeem Khan, Marcelo Wallau, Henry G. Jordan, Xuefeng Ma, Juan Arbelaez May 2023

‘Flla11019-8’: A New Dual-Purpose Facultative Oat Cultivar For Grain And Forage Production In The Southern United States, Md Ali Babar, Stephen A. Harrison, Ann Blount, Ronald D. Barnett, Jerry Johnson, Mohamed Mergoum, Daniel J. Mailhot, J. Paul Murphy, Richard E. Mason, Amir Ibrahim, Russell Sutton, Bryan Simoneaux, Richard Boyles, Brad Stancil, David Marshall, Myron Fountain, Kathy Esvelt Klos, Naeem Khan, Marcelo Wallau, Henry G. Jordan, Xuefeng Ma, Juan Arbelaez

Faculty Publications

‘FLLA11019-8’ (Reg. no. CV-386, PI 700040) is new facultative oat (Avena sativa L.) cultivar for the southern United States for forage, grain, cover, and wildlife food crop uses. It was co-developed by the University of Florida and Louisiana State University Agricultural Center and was released in 2020 under the SunGrains, a cooperative small grain breeding program among seven Southern Universities. This line was derived from a single cross between two advanced breeding lines, FL0564-Ab13 and LA06071SBSB-S1. Exclusive marketing rights were granted to Ragan & Massey, Inc., and the line is currently commercializing under the names of RAM Forage Oats and …

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Gifts And Commodities: A Dialectical Thought Experiment For Sublation, Ruirui Zhang, Joseph D’Andrea, Chunmin Lang May 2023

Gifts And Commodities: A Dialectical Thought Experiment For Sublation, Ruirui Zhang, Joseph D’Andrea, Chunmin Lang

Faculty Publications

The core motivation for this study is the realization that the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) encounter temporary obstacles, conflicts, or inconsistencies that impede progress and generalization. According to the authors, sustainable development across social, environmental, and economic dimensions is unlikely to occur without redefining the meaning and recalibrating the metrics used to measure commodities. These meanings and metrics must align with values such as general reciprocity, morality, and the common good, going beyond mere calculations of means and ends and personal preferences. The research has three primary objectives: first, to compare and reassess the meanings and responsibilities assigned to “items” …

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The Racialized Violence Of Police Canine Force, Madalyn K. Wasilczuk May 2023

The Racialized Violence Of Police Canine Force, Madalyn K. Wasilczuk

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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La Acequia De La Cuchilla: The Ditch That Runs Uphill, José A. Rivera Ph.D, Thomas F. Glick Ph.D May 2023

La Acequia De La Cuchilla: The Ditch That Runs Uphill, José A. Rivera Ph.D, Thomas F. Glick Ph.D

Faculty Publications

The Río Hondo Valley in Taos County of New Mexico is known for its picturesque setting and the stunning valley floor stretching from Valdez on the eastern edge downstream to Arroyo Hondo just before the Río Grande gorge on its western boundary. Above the valley is a plain known as Des Montes. Each of these communities was settled in the nineteenth century coincident with the building of acequias to sustain village agriculture, the only economy of the time. One of the irrigation systems, La Acequia de la Cuchilla, often is said to be “the ditch that runs uphill.” From …

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Environment Knowledge-Driven Generic Models To Detect Coughs From Audio Recordings, Sudip Vhaduri, Sayanton V. Dibbo, Yugyeong Kim Apr 2023

Environment Knowledge-Driven Generic Models To Detect Coughs From Audio Recordings, Sudip Vhaduri, Sayanton V. Dibbo, Yugyeong Kim

Faculty Publications

Goal: Millions of people are dying due to res- piratory diseases, such as COVID-19 and asthma, which are often characterized by some common symptoms, including coughing. Therefore, objective reporting of cough symp- toms utilizing environment-adaptive machine-learning models with microphone sensing can directly contribute to respiratory disease diagnosis and patient care. Methods: In this work, we present three generic modeling approaches – unguided, semi-guided, and guided approaches consid- ering three potential scenarios, i.e., when a user has no prior knowledge, some knowledge, and detailed knowledge about the environments, respectively. Results: From detailed analysis with three datasets, we find that guided models …

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Injectable Antioxidant And Oxygen-Releasing Lignin Composites To Promote Wound Healing, Swathi Balaji, Walker D. Short, Benjamin W. Padon, Jorge A. Belgodere, Sarah E. Jimenez, Naresh T. Deoli, Anna C. Guidry, Justin C. Green, Tanuj J. Prajapati, Fayiz Farouk, Aditya Kaul, Dongwan Son, Olivia S. Jung, Carlos E. Astete, Myungwoong Kim, Jangwook P. Jung Apr 2023

Injectable Antioxidant And Oxygen-Releasing Lignin Composites To Promote Wound Healing, Swathi Balaji, Walker D. Short, Benjamin W. Padon, Jorge A. Belgodere, Sarah E. Jimenez, Naresh T. Deoli, Anna C. Guidry, Justin C. Green, Tanuj J. Prajapati, Fayiz Farouk, Aditya Kaul, Dongwan Son, Olivia S. Jung, Carlos E. Astete, Myungwoong Kim, Jangwook P. Jung

Faculty Publications

The application of engineered biomaterials for wound healing has been pursued since the beginning of tissue engineering. Here, we attempt to apply functionalized lignin to confer antioxidation to the extracellular microenvironments of wounds and to deliver oxygen from the dissociation of calcium peroxide for enhanced vascularization and healing responses without eliciting inflammatory responses. Elemental analysis showed 17 times higher quantity of calcium in the oxygen-releasing nanoparticles. Lignin composites including the oxygen-generating nanoparticles released around 700 ppm oxygen per day at least for 7 days. By modulating the concentration of the methacrylated gelatin, we were able to maintain the injectability of …

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Development, Survival, And Fecundity Of Helicoverpa Zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) On Five Weedy Host Plants Common Across The Mid-South Usa, James P. Glover, Maribel Portilla, Gadi V.P. Reddy Apr 2023

Development, Survival, And Fecundity Of Helicoverpa Zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) On Five Weedy Host Plants Common Across The Mid-South Usa, James P. Glover, Maribel Portilla, Gadi V.P. Reddy

Faculty Publications

Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a highly mobile and polyphagous pest known to feed on over 300 cultivated and wild host plant species. Larvae cause significant economic damage to several commercial row crops over multiple generations each growing season. The objective of this study was to compare biological fitness of H. zea on 5 weedy host plants commonly found across the mid-south US. Crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), kudzu (Pueraria montana [Lour.] Merr. (all Fabaceae), and honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica Thunb.; Caprifoliaceae) were evaluated as primary food sources for H. …

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Optimization Of Host Cell-Compatible, Antimicrobial Peptides Effective Against Biofilms And Clinical Isolates Of Drug-Resistant Bacteria, Jenisha Ghimire, Robert J. Hart, Anabel Soldano, Charles H. Chen, Shantanu Guha, Joseph P. Hoffmann, Kalen M. Hall, Leisheng Sun, Benjamin J. Nelson, Timothy K. Lu, Jay K. Kolls, Mario Rivera, Lisa A. Morici, William C. Wimley Apr 2023

Optimization Of Host Cell-Compatible, Antimicrobial Peptides Effective Against Biofilms And Clinical Isolates Of Drug-Resistant Bacteria, Jenisha Ghimire, Robert J. Hart, Anabel Soldano, Charles H. Chen, Shantanu Guha, Joseph P. Hoffmann, Kalen M. Hall, Leisheng Sun, Benjamin J. Nelson, Timothy K. Lu, Jay K. Kolls, Mario Rivera, Lisa A. Morici, William C. Wimley

Faculty Publications

Here, we describe the continued synthetic molecular evolution of a lineage of host-compatible antimicrobial peptides (AMP) intended for the treatment of wounds infected with drug-resistant, biofilm-forming bacteria. The peptides tested are variants of an evolved AMP called d-amino acid CONsensus with Glycine Absent (d-CONGA), which has excellent antimicrobial activities in vitro and in vivo. In this newest generation of rational d-CONGA variants, we tested multiple sequence-structure-function hypotheses that had not been tested in previous generations. Many of the peptide variants have lower antibacterial activity against Gram-positive or Gram-negative pathogens, especially variants that have altered hydrophobicity, secondary structure potential, or spatial …

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A Predator-Prey Biological Model With Combined Birth Rates, Self-Limitation And Competition Terms, Joon Hyuk Kang, Lucinda Ford Apr 2023

A Predator-Prey Biological Model With Combined Birth Rates, Self-Limitation And Competition Terms, Joon Hyuk Kang, Lucinda Ford

Faculty Publications

The purpose of this paper is to give sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of positive solutions to a rather general type of elliptic system of the Dirichlet problem on a bounded domain Ω in Rn. Also considered are the effects of perturbations on the coexistence state and uniqueness. The techniques used in this paper are super-sub solutions method, eigenvalues of operators, maximum principles, spectrum estimates, inverse function theory, and general elliptic theory. The arguments also rely on some detailed properties for the solution of logistic equations. These results yield an algebraically computable criterion for the positive …

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Does Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy Violate Laws Against Human Cloning?, Kerry L. Macintosh Apr 2023

Does Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy Violate Laws Against Human Cloning?, Kerry L. Macintosh

Faculty Publications

All human beings have mitochondria within their cells that produce energy.1 Most of us inherit healthy mitochondria through the eggs of our mothers,2 but some of us are not so lucky. Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can cause these tiny organelles to function improperly and disrupt tissues that require a lot of energy, like the brain, kidney, liver, heart, muscle, and central nervous system.3 For example, a specific mtDNA mutation induces Leigh syndrome, a condition in which seizures and respiratory failure lead to decline in mental and motor skills, disabil- ity, and death.4 Mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) offers a solution …

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A Quieter Ocean: Experimentally Derived Differences In Attentive Responses Of Tursiops Truncatus To Anthropogenic Noise Playbacks Before And During The Covid-19-Related Anthropause, Paige E. Stevens, Veda Allen, Jason N. Bruck Apr 2023

A Quieter Ocean: Experimentally Derived Differences In Attentive Responses Of Tursiops Truncatus To Anthropogenic Noise Playbacks Before And During The Covid-19-Related Anthropause, Paige E. Stevens, Veda Allen, Jason N. Bruck

Faculty Publications

The effects of anthropogenic noise continue to threaten marine fauna, yet the impacts of human-produced sound on the broad aspects of cognition in marine mammals remain relatively understudied. The shutdown of non-essential activities due to the COVID-19-related anthropause created an opportunity to determine if reducing levels of oceanic anthropogenic noise on cetaceans affected processes of sensitization and habituation for common human-made sounds in an experimental setting. Dolphins at Dolphin Quest Bermuda were presented with three noises related to human activities (cruise ship, personal watercraft, and Navy low-frequency active sonar) both in 2018 and again during the anthropause in 2021 via …

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The Polypharmacological Effects Of Cannabidiol, Jorge Castillo-Arellano, Ana Canseco-Alba, Stephen J. Cutler Ph.D., Francisco León Ph.D. Apr 2023

The Polypharmacological Effects Of Cannabidiol, Jorge Castillo-Arellano, Ana Canseco-Alba, Stephen J. Cutler Ph.D., Francisco León Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a major phytocannabinoid present in Cannabis sativa (Linneo, 1753). This naturally occurring secondary metabolite does not induce intoxication or exhibit the characteristic profile of drugs of abuse from cannabis like Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (∆9-THC) does. In contrast to ∆9-THC, our knowledge of the neuro-molecular mechanisms of CBD is limited, and its pharmacology, which appears to be complex, has not yet been fully elucidated. The study of the pharmacological effects of CBD has grown exponentially in recent years, making it necessary to generate frequently updated reports on this important metabolite. In this article, a …

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Trauma-Informed Academic Partnership, Ingrid Weiss Slikkers Apr 2023

Trauma-Informed Academic Partnership, Ingrid Weiss Slikkers

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Seeing Through Sonar: Detecting The Amazonian Manatee, Daniel Gonzalez-Socoloske, Isabella Koh Apr 2023

Seeing Through Sonar: Detecting The Amazonian Manatee, Daniel Gonzalez-Socoloske, Isabella Koh

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Achieving The Achievable: Realistic Labor Law Reform, Rafael Gely Apr 2023

Achieving The Achievable: Realistic Labor Law Reform, Rafael Gely

Faculty Publications

A common reprise among labor activists and scholars has been that for the fortunes of labor to change, the law must change. Prompted perhaps by a seeming surge in labor movement activity over the past few years, including headline-grabbing strikes and recent union victories at several U.S. Starbucks locations, various labor law activists and scholars have called to seize the moment and proposed the enactment of comprehensive labor law reform. We argue in this Article that broad-scale labor law reform is unlikely to be enacted by the current U.S. Congress or even have all its provisions pass muster when potentially …

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Snacking Consumption Among Adults In The United States: A Scoping Review, Jean Pierre Enriquez, Elizabeth Gollub Apr 2023

Snacking Consumption Among Adults In The United States: A Scoping Review, Jean Pierre Enriquez, Elizabeth Gollub

Faculty Publications

Snacks are a staple of the American diet, contributing to approximately 20% of energy intake. Most U.S. adults consume one to three snacks/day, yet few reviews have focused on snacking among this population. This scoping review was conducted to characterize snacks and snacking occasions among U.S. adults to further inform healthy eating practices. The protocol was prepared following the PRISMA-Extension for Scoping Reviews. Three web databases were used to identify articles using snacking or eating occasions as primary or secondary outcomes among U.S. adults. A search strategy was developed using subject headings, truncation, and phrase searching in the title and …

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Melatonin Treatment Of Strawberry Fruit During Storage Extends Its Post-Harvest Quality And Reduces Infection Caused By Botrytis Cinerea, Surassawadee Promyou, Yenjit Raruang, Zhi Yuan Chen Apr 2023

Melatonin Treatment Of Strawberry Fruit During Storage Extends Its Post-Harvest Quality And Reduces Infection Caused By Botrytis Cinerea, Surassawadee Promyou, Yenjit Raruang, Zhi Yuan Chen

Faculty Publications

Gray mold is a main disease of strawberry fruit (Fragaria × xananassa cv. Camino Real) caused by Botrytis cinerea, which leads to marketable value losses in the supply chain. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of exogenous melatonin (MT) on the physicochemical quality, antioxidant defense system, and disease resistance of strawberry fruit to B. cinerea infection. The results revealed that strawberry fruit immersed in 100 µM MT for 15 min effectively maintained its brightness and delayed the change in fruit color. MT also maintained the level of titratable acidity and slowed down the increase of total …

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Regional Variation In Feeding Patterns Of Sheepshead (Archosargus Probatocephalus) In The Northwest Gulf Of Mexico, Elsa M. Gutierrez, Jeffrey D. Plumlee, Derek G. Bolser, Brad E. Erisman, R. J.David Wells Apr 2023

Regional Variation In Feeding Patterns Of Sheepshead (Archosargus Probatocephalus) In The Northwest Gulf Of Mexico, Elsa M. Gutierrez, Jeffrey D. Plumlee, Derek G. Bolser, Brad E. Erisman, R. J.David Wells

Faculty Publications

Feeding patterns of sheepshead, Archosargus probatocephalus, in the northwest Gulf of Mexico were examined from samples collected at two locations in Texas, USA; Galveston and Port Aransas. A total of 53 sheepshead stomachs (Galveston, n = 35; Port Aransas, n = 18) had their contents analyzed along with tissue samples from the muscle and liver for a stable isotope analysis (δ13C, δ15N, and δ34S) because they provide a contrast between short-term (liver) and long-term (muscle) measurements. Multiple species of amphipods made up the majority of the prey items in sheepshead from Galveston (%IRI = 61.79), whereas barnacles were the primary …

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Low Species Turnover Of Upland Amazonian Birds In The Absence Of Physical Barriers, Cameron L. Rutt, W. Justin Cooper, Christian B. Andretti, Thiago V.V. Costa, Philip C. Stouffer, Claudeir F. Vargas, David A. Luther, Mario Cohn-Haft Apr 2023

Low Species Turnover Of Upland Amazonian Birds In The Absence Of Physical Barriers, Cameron L. Rutt, W. Justin Cooper, Christian B. Andretti, Thiago V.V. Costa, Philip C. Stouffer, Claudeir F. Vargas, David A. Luther, Mario Cohn-Haft

Faculty Publications

Aim: One of the oldest and most powerful ways for ecologists to explain distinct biological communities is to invoke underlying environmental differences. But in hyper-diverse systems, which often display high species richness and low species abundance, these sorts of community comparisons are especially challenging. The classic view for Amazonian birds posits that riverine barriers and habitat specialization determine local and regional community composition. We test the tacit, complementary assumption that similar bird communities should therefore permeate uniform habitat between major rivers, regardless of distance. Location: Upland (terra firme) rainforests of central Amazonia. Methods: We conducted intensive whole-community surveys of birds …

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A Review Of Methods Of Assessing Preference For Social Stimuli, Samuel L. Morris, Madison L. Gallagher, Alva E. Allen Apr 2023

A Review Of Methods Of Assessing Preference For Social Stimuli, Samuel L. Morris, Madison L. Gallagher, Alva E. Allen

Faculty Publications

Research on preference and reinforcer assessments has historically focused on the evaluation of edible and leisure reinforcers, but the identification and use of individualized social reinforcers may be beneficial for several reasons. Recently, many studies have evaluated methods of assessing preference for social stimuli. The procedures and outcomes across these studies have varied greatly, and the current state of evidence for methods of assessing preference for social stimuli remains unclear. Thus, we conducted a review to synthesize all previous research in this area, evaluate the evidence for the utility of this general methodology, and identify factors that may influence its …

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Total Daily Energy Expenditure Has Declined Over The Past Three Decades Due To Declining Basal Expenditure, Not Reduced Activity Expenditure, John R. Speakman, Jasper M.A. De Jong, Srishti Sinha, Klaas R. Westerterp, Yosuke Yamada, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Philip N. Ainslie, Liam J. Anderson, Lenore Arab, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G. Bonomi, Pascal Bovet, Soren Brage, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan G.J.A. Camps, Jamie A. Cooper, Richard Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Peter S.W. Davies, Lara R. Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Melanie Gillingham, Santu Ghosh, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Lewis G. Halsey, Catherine Hambly, Hinke H. Haisma Apr 2023

Total Daily Energy Expenditure Has Declined Over The Past Three Decades Due To Declining Basal Expenditure, Not Reduced Activity Expenditure, John R. Speakman, Jasper M.A. De Jong, Srishti Sinha, Klaas R. Westerterp, Yosuke Yamada, Hiroyuki Sagayama, Philip N. Ainslie, Liam J. Anderson, Lenore Arab, Kweku Bedu-Addo, Stephane Blanc, Alberto G. Bonomi, Pascal Bovet, Soren Brage, Maciej S. Buchowski, Nancy F. Butte, Stefan G.J.A. Camps, Jamie A. Cooper, Richard Cooper, Sai Krupa Das, Peter S.W. Davies, Lara R. Dugas, Ulf Ekelund, Sonja Entringer, Terrence Forrester, Barry W. Fudge, Melanie Gillingham, Santu Ghosh, Annelies H. Goris, Michael Gurven, Lewis G. Halsey, Catherine Hambly, Hinke H. Haisma

Faculty Publications

Obesity is caused by a prolonged positive energy balance1,2. Whether reduced energy expenditure stemming from reduced activity levels contributes is debated3,4. Here we show that in both sexes, total energy expenditure (TEE) adjusted for body composition and age declined since the late 1980s, while adjusted activity energy expenditure increased over time. We use the International Atomic Energy Agency Doubly Labelled Water database on energy expenditure of adults in the United States and Europe (n = 4,799) to explore patterns in total (TEE: n = 4,799), basal (BEE: n = 1,432) and physical activity energy expenditure (n = 1,432) over time. …

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Attributes Of Culture Bacteria As Influenced By Ingredients That Help Treat Leaky Gut, Ricardo S. Aleman, David Paz, Roberto Cedillos, Miguel Tabora, Douglas W. Olson, Kayanush Aryana Apr 2023

Attributes Of Culture Bacteria As Influenced By Ingredients That Help Treat Leaky Gut, Ricardo S. Aleman, David Paz, Roberto Cedillos, Miguel Tabora, Douglas W. Olson, Kayanush Aryana

Faculty Publications

Consumers are becoming aware of functional ingredients such as medicinal herbs, polyphenols, mushrooms, amino acids, proteins, and probiotics more than ever before. Like yogurt and its probiotics, L-glutamine, quercetin, slippery elm bark, marshmallow root, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, licorice root, maitake mushrooms, and zinc orotate have demonstrated health benefits through gut microbiota. The impact of these ingredients on yogurt starter culture bacteria characteristics is not well known. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of these ingredients on the probiotic characteristics, tolerance to gastric juices and lysozyme, protease activity, and viability of Streptococcus thermophilus STI-06 and Lactobacillus bulgaricus LB-12. Acid …

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