Digital Commons Network^™

Triphenyl Phosphate Activates Estrogen Receptor Α/Nf-Κb/ Cyclin D1 Signaling To Stimulate Cell Cycle Progression In Human Ishikawa Endometrial Cancer Cells, Hyun Young Kwon, Seung Bin Park, Myoungseok Han, Jung-Woo Park, Yongmin Lee, Sang Jun Han, Youngmin Kwon, Yeon Jean Cho

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) is one of the most commonly used organophosphorus flame retardants that may accumulate in the environment. However, its effects on human reproductive organs have not been well studied. We aimed to investigate the in vitro effects of TPHP in human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells to elucidate how TPHP exposure disrupts intracellular signaling and cell proliferation in reproductive tissues.

METHODS: Human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells were exposed to TPHP.

RESULTS: Exposure to TPHP elevated the levels of estrogen receptor (ER) α and progesterone receptor-B and reduced ER β in human Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells. TPHP stimulated phosphoinositide …

Optimal Cardiometabolic Health And Risk Of Heart Failure In Type 2 Diabetes: An Analysis From The Look Ahead Trial, Kershaw V Patel, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Matthew W Segar, Judy L Bahnson, Katelyn R Garcia, Jeanne M Clark, Ashok Balasubramanyam, Alain G Bertoni, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Michael E Farkouh, James L Januzzi, Subodh Verma, Mark Espeland, Ambarish Pandey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Aims: To evaluate the contribution of baseline and longitudinal changes in cardiometabolic health (CMH) towards heart failure (HF) risk among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods and results: Participants of the Look AHEAD trial with T2D and without prevalent HF were included. Adjusted Cox models were used to create a CMH score incorporating target levels of parameters weighted based on relative risk for HF. The associations of baseline and changes in the CMH score with risk of overall HF, HF with preserved (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) were assessed using Cox models. Among the 5080 participants, 257 incident …

Participation In A Longitudinal Seminar Series Increases Medical Student Engagement With The Covid-19 Pandemic, Katherine M Naeger, Kaelyn C Cummins, Prathit A Kulkarni

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic required a multifaceted response by healthcare professionals. Medical students played only a limited role in the early response, resulting in feelings of disengagement. The authors developed a discussion-based elective course reviewing the COVID-19 response to address this gap in medical student education.

METHODS: Preclinical medical students enrolled in this elective participated in weekly virtual interactive seminars led by expert faculty members. Students completed a final survey quantifying their understanding of the overall COVID-19 response, knowledge of its individual facets, and their feelings of personal engagement on a Likert scale from 1 to 5, …

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Based Superficial Femoral Artery Velocity Measurements In Peripheral Artery Disease, Ankita Sinharoy, Neeti Reddy, John Kent Lin, Vijay Nambi, Eric Y Yang, Panagiotis Kougias, Addison A Taylor, Alan B Lumsden, Christie M Ballantyne, Joel D Morrisett, Gerd Brunner

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) causes lower extremity dysfunction and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. In this study, we analyzed how non-invasive 2-dimensional-phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (2D-PC-MRI) measured velocity markers of the distal superficial femoral artery (SFA) are associated with clinical and functional characteristics of PAD. A total of 70 (27 diabetic and 43 non-diabetic) PAD patients were included in this secondary analysis of data collected from the Effect of Lipid Modification on Peripheral Artery Disease after Endovascular Intervention Trial (ELIMIT). Electrocardiographically (ECG)-gated 2D-PC-MRI was performed at a proximal and a distal imaging location of …

Salpingitis In An Adolescent Female With Constipation And Abdominal Pain, Gal Barak, Matthew R Carroll, Andrea Dean

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Abdominal pain is one of the most common presenting complaints in the emergency room for pediatric patients. While constipation is one of the most common causes for abdominal pain in pediatrics, serious intra-abdominal pathology must always be excluded. We report a pre-coital post-menarchal adolescent female who presented with severe abdominal pain and constipation and had radiographic findings of salpingitis. It was suspected that uterine and adnexal changes seen on imaging resulted from the fecal mass compressing the genitourinary tract leading to fluid collection manifesting as radiographic evidence of salpingitis. This mechanism is similar to bladder outlet obstruction resulting from compression …

Validation Of Atovaquone Plasma Levels By Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry For Therapeutic Drug Monitoring In Pediatric Patients, Thomas D Horvath, Izmarie Poventud-Fuentes, Lily Olayinka, Asha James, Sigmund J Haidacher, Kathleen M Hoch, Alexandra M Stevens, Anthony M Haag, Sridevi Devaraj

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Atovaquone has traditionally been used as an antiparasitic and antifungal agent, but recent studies have shown its potential as an anticancer agent. The high variability in atovaquone bioavailability highlights the need for therapeutic drug monitoring, especially in pediatric patients. The goal of our study was to develop and validate the performance of an assay to quantify atovaquone plasma concentrations collected from pediatric cancer patients using LC-MS/MS.

METHODS: Atovaquone was extracted from a 10 µL volume of K

RESULTS: Atovaquone and its deuterated internal standard were analyzed using a gradient chromatographic method that had an overall cycle-time of 7.4 min …

A Multinational Delphi Consensus To End The Covid-19 Public Health Threat, Jeffrey V Lazarus, Diana Romero, Christopher J Kopka, Salim Abdool Karim, Laith J Abu-Raddad, Gisele Almeida, Ricardo Baptista-Leite, Joshua A Barocas, Mauricio L Barreto, Yaneer Bar-Yam, Quique Bassat, Carolina Batista, Morgan Bazilian, Shu-Ti Chiou, Carlos Del Rio, Gregory J Dore, George F Gao, Lawrence O Gostin, Margaret Hellard, Jose L Jimenez, Gagandeep Kang, Nancy Lee, Mojca Matičič, Martin Mckee, Sabin Nsanzimana, Miquel Oliu-Barton, Bary Pradelski, Oksana Pyzik, Kenneth Rabin, Sunil Raina, Sabina Faiz Rashid, Magdalena Rathe, Rocio Saenz, Sudhvir Singh, Malene Trock-Hempler, Sonia Villapol, Peiling Yap, Agnes Binagwaho, Adeeba Kamarulzaman, Ayman El-Mohandes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Despite notable scientific and medical advances, broader political, socioeconomic and behavioural factors continue to undercut the response to the COVID-19 pandemic1,2. Here we convened, as part of this Delphi study, a diverse, multidisciplinary panel of 386 academic, health, non-governmental organization, government and other experts in COVID-19 response from 112 countries and territories to recommend specific actions to end this persistent global threat to public health. The panel developed a set of 41 consensus statements and 57 recommendations to governments, health systems, industry and other key stakeholders across six domains: communication; health systems; vaccination; prevention; treatment and …

Cardiac Size, Shape, And Ventricular Contractility In Fetuses At Sea Level With An Estimated Weight Less-Than 10th Centile, Wesley Lee, Lauren M Mack, Roxanna Miremadi, Betul Yilmaz Furtun, Haleh Sangi-Haghpeykar, Greggory R Devore

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: To investigate cardiac size, shape, and ventricular contractility in fetuses with estimated fetal weight (EFW)(Houston).

METHODS: A prospective ultrasound study examined 37 fetuses with EFWsize, shape, and contractility of both ventricles were analyzed with speckle tracking methods. Z scores were calculated using the mean ± standard deviation (SD) derived from normal controls. Measurements were abnormal if their Z score values were+1.65. The proportion of small fetuses with abnormal parameters was compared to normal reference ranges. Results were compared to a similar published study of small fetuses at higher altitude in Denver.

RESULTS: About one-third of Houston fetuses with EFW(RV) …

Impact Of Udenafil On Echocardiographic Indices Of Single Ventricle Size And Function In Fuel Study Participants, Michael V Di Maria, David J Goldberg, Victor Zak, Chenwei Hu, Adam M Lubert, Andreea Dragulescu, Andrew S Mackie, Andrew Mccrary, Angela Weingarten, Anitha Parthiban, Benjamin Goot, Bryan H Goldstein, Carolyn Taylor, Christopher Lindblade, Christopher J Petit, Christopher Spurney, David M Harrild, Elaine M Urbina, Eleanor Schuchardt, Gi Beom Kim, Ja Kyoung Yoon, Jamie N Colombo, Matthew D Files, Megan Schoessling, Peter Ermis, Pierre C Wong, Ruchira Garg, Sara K Swanson, Shaji C Menon, Shubhika Srivastava, Thor Thorsson, Tiffanie R Johnson, Usha S Krishnan, Stephen M Paridon, Peter C Frommelt

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The FUEL trial (Fontan Udenafil Exercise Longitudinal) demonstrated statistical improvements in exercise capacity following 6 months of treatment with udenafil (87.5 mg po BID). The effect of udenafil on echocardiographic measures of single ventricle function in this cohort has not been studied.

METHODS: The 400 enrolled participants were randomized 1:1 to udenafil or placebo. Protocol echocardiograms were obtained at baseline and 26 weeks after initiation of udenafil/placebo. Linear regression compared change from baseline indices of single ventricle systolic, diastolic and global function, atrioventricular valve regurgitation, and mean Fontan fenestration gradient in the udenafil cohort versus placebo, controlling for ventricular …

The Roles Of Sleep And Eating Patterns In Adiposity Gain Among Preschool-Aged Children, Amy R Goetz, Ishita Jindal, Jennette P Moreno, Maurice R Puyau, Anne L Adolph, Salma Musaad, Nancy F Butte, Fida Bacha

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Short sleep durations are related to risks for obesity in preschool children. However, the underlying mechanism or mechanisms are not clear.

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the relationships between sleep characteristics and body composition, energetics, and weight-regulating behaviors in preschool-aged children, as well as the longitudinal associations between children's sleep and eating patterns and body composition at a 1-year follow-up.

METHODS: Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of 118 children aged 3-5 years. Sleep (duration, midpoint, regularity) and physical activity (PA) were measured by accelerometry over 6 consecutive days; total energy expenditure (TEE) was measured using the doubly labeled water …

Letter To The Editor, Magdalene M Assimon, Patrick H Pun, Lily Wang, Sana M Al-Khatib, M Alan Brookhart, David J Weber, Wolfgang C Winkelmayer, Jennifer E Flythe

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Temporal Trends In Lipoprotein(A) Concentrations: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study, Matthew R Deshotels, Caroline Sun, Vijay Nambi, Salim S Virani, Kunihiro Matsushita, Bing Yu, Christie M Ballantyne, Ron C Hoogeveen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Plasma lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) concentrations are primarily determined by genetic factors and are believed to remain stable throughout life. However, data are scarce on longitudinal trends in Lp(a) concentrations over time. Therefore, it is unclear whether measurement of Lp(a) once in a person's life is sufficient for cardiovascular risk assessment in all adults.

Methods and Results: Lp(a) concentrations, specifically apolipoprotein(a) concentrations, were measured at visits 4 and 5, ≈15 years apart, in 4734 adult participants of the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study (mean age at visits 4 and 5, 60.7±5.1 and 75.5±5.2 years, respectively). Participants were categorized by baseline …

Relationship Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Balance On Computerized Dynamic Posturography, Meha G Fox, Helen S Cohen, Haleh Sangi-Haghpeykar, Masayoshi Takashima

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) leads to chronic sleep deprivation. The relationship between OSA and balance is poorly understood.

AIM/OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine if OSA adversely affects standing balance.

MATERIAL AND METHODS: Adults with a clinically indicated polysomnogram (PSG) diagnostic of OSA, who were not on therapy, were recruited from an academic tertiary care referral clinic. Subjects completed the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), the Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS), and the STOP-BANG questionnaire (SBQ). Their balance was tested with the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) of computerized dynamic posturography (CDP).

RESULTS: Sixteen subjects participated in the study, including three with …

Successful Use Of Continuous Erector Spinae Plane Blocks In A Patient With Variant Angina After Large Ventral Hernia Repair, Alexandra L Belfar, Yi Deng, Raymond C Yu, Annas Sabbagh

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Coronary artery spasm constitutes the primary underlying pathology of variant angina. Because provocation of coronary artery spasm may occur with both excess sympathetic and excess parasympathetic stimulation, patients with this disorder have extremely limited options for perioperative pain control. This is especially true for procedures involving extensive abdominal incision/manipulation. Whereas neuraxial analgesia might otherwise be appropriate in these cases, several studies have demonstrated that coronary artery spasm can occur as a result of epidural placement, and therefore, that this may not be an optimal choice for patients with variant angina. This report discusses the case of a patient with a …

Clinical Characteristics And Associated Factors Of Colonic Polyps In Acromegaly, Guiliang Peng, Xing Li, Yuanyuan Zhou, Jianying Bai, Pian Hong, Weixing Li, Yuling Zhang, Lei Zhang, Qian Liao, Mingyu Liao, Ling Zhou, Zheng Sun, Rufei Shen, Hongting Zheng, Min Long

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical characteristics and associated factors of colonic polyps in patients with acromegaly.

METHODS: Clinical characteristics and colonoscopy findings of 86 acromegaly patients who received treatment were retrospectively reviewed, and colonoscopy findings and the correlation with growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA) volume and hormonal/metabolic levels were analyzed.

RESULTS: The prevalence of colonic polyps in acromegaly patients was 40.7% and increased significantly with advanced age, especially in those ≥50 years. Multiple polyps (62.8%) and colonic polyps in the left colon (54.2%) were detected more frequently. Compared to acromegaly patients without polyps, those with polyps displayed higher insulin-like …

Opportunities And Challenges In Heart Rhythm Research: Rationale And Development Of An Electrophysiology Collaboratory, Duy T Nguyen, Kenneth C Bilchick, Sanjiv M Narayan, Mina K Chung, Kevin L Thomas, Kenneth R Laurita, Marmar Vaseghi, Roopinder Sandhu, Mihail G Chelu, Prince J Kannankeril, Douglas L Packer, David D Mcmanus, Atul Verma, Matthew Singleton, Khaldoun Tarakji, Sana M Al-Khatib, Jonathan R Kaltman, Ravi C Balijepalli, George F Van Hare, Jodie L Hurwitz, Andrea M Russo, Fred M Kusumoto, Christine M Albert

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

There are many challenges in the current landscape of electrophysiology (EP) clinical and translational research, including increasing costs and complexity, competing demands, regulatory requirements, and challenges with study implementation. This review seeks to broadly discuss the state of EP research, including challenges and opportunities. Included here are results from a Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Research Committee member survey detailing HRS members' perspectives regarding both barriers to clinical and translational research and opportunities to address these challenges. We also provide stakeholder perspectives on barriers and opportunities for future EP research, including input from representatives of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, …

Combination Of Aibp, Apoa-I, And Aflibercept Overcomes Anti-Vegf Resistance In Neovascular Amd By Inhibiting Arteriolar Choroidal Neovascularization, Zhao Zhang, Megan M Shen, Yingbin Fu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: Anti-VEGF resistance represents a major unmet clinical need in the management of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). We have previously reported that a combination of AIBP, apoA-I, and an anti-VEGF antibody overcomes anti-VEGF resistance in laser-induced CNV in old mice in prevention experiments. The purpose of this work is to conduct a more clinically relevant study to assess the efficacy of the combination of AIBP, apoA-I, and aflibercept in the treatment of anti-VEGF resistance of experimental CNV at different time points after laser photocoagulation.

METHODS: To understand the pathobiology of anti-VEGF resistance, we performed comprehensive examinations of the vascular morphology of …

Disease Progression Of Whim Syndrome In An International Cohort Of 66 Pediatric And Adult Patients, Christoph B Geier, Maryssa Ellison, Rachel Cruz, Sumit Pawar, Alexander Leiss-Piller, Katarina Zmajkovicova, Shannon M Mcnulty, Melis Yilmaz, Martin Oman Evans, Sumai Gordon, Boglarka Ujhazi, Ivana Wiest, Hassan Abolhassani, Asghar Aghamohammadi, Sara Barmettler, Saleh Bhar, Anastasia Bondarenko, Audrey Anna Bolyard, David Buchbinder, Michaela Cada, Mirta Cavieres, James A Connelly, David C Dale, Ekaterina Deordieva, Morna J Dorsey, Simon B Drysdale, Stephan Ehl, Reem Elfeky, Francesca Fioredda, Frank Firkin, Elizabeth Förster-Waldl, Bob Geng, Vera Goda, Luis Gonzalez-Granado, Eyal Grunebaum, Elzbieta Grzesk, Sarah E Henrickson, Anna Hilfanova, Mitsuteru Hiwatari, Chihaya Imai, Winnie Ip, Soma Jyonouchi, Hirokazu Kanegane, Yuta Kawahara, Amer M Khojah, Vy Hong-Diep Kim, Marina Kojić, Sylwia Kołtan, Gergely Krivan, Daman Langguth, Yu-Lung Lau, Daniel Leung, Maurizio Miano, Irina Mersyanova, Talal Mousallem, Mica Muskat, Flavio A Naoum, Suzie A Noronha, Monia Ouederni, Shuichi Ozono, G Wendell Richmond, Inga Sakovich, Ulrich Salzer, Catharina Schuetz, Filiz Odabasi Seeborg, Svetlana O Sharapova, Katja Sockel, Alla Volokha, Malte Von Bonin, Klaus Warnatz, Oliver Wegehaupt, Geoffrey A Weinberg, Ke-Juin Wong, Austen Worth, Huang Yu, Yulia Zharankova, Xiaodong Zhao, Lisa Devlin, Adriana Badarau, Krisztian Csomos, Marton Keszei, Joao Pereira, Arthur G Taveras, Sarah L Beaussant-Cohen, Mei-Sing Ong, Anna Shcherbina, Jolan E Walter

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis (WHIM) syndrome (WS) is a combined immunodeficiency caused by gain-of-function mutations in the C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) gene. We characterize a unique international cohort of 66 patients, including 57 (86%) cases previously unreported, with variable clinical phenotypes. Of 17 distinct CXCR4 genetic variants within our cohort, 11 were novel pathogenic variants affecting 15 individuals (23%). All variants affect the same CXCR4 region and impair CXCR4 internalization resulting in hyperactive signaling. The median age of diagnosis in our cohort (5.5 years) indicates WHIM syndrome can commonly present in childhood, although some patients are not …

Choosing And Switching Biological Agents In Severe Asthma, Muhammad Adrish, Nicola A Hanania

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Cardiac Size, Shape, And Ventricular Contractility In Fetuses At Sea Level With An Estimated Weight Less-Than 10th Centile, Wesley Lee, Lauren M Mack, Roxanna Miremadi, Betul Yilmaz Furtun, Haleh Sangi-Haghpeykar, Greggory R Devore

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: To investigate cardiac size, shape, and ventricular contractility in fetuses with estimated fetal weight (EFW)(Houston).

METHODS: A prospective ultrasound study examined 37 fetuses with EFWsize, shape, and contractility of both ventricles were analyzed with speckle tracking methods. Z scores were calculated using the mean ± standard deviation (SD) derived from normal controls. Measurements were abnormal if their Z score values were+1.65. The proportion of small fetuses with abnormal parameters was compared to normal reference ranges. Results were compared to a similar published study of small fetuses at higher altitude in Denver.

RESULTS: About one-third of Houston fetuses with EFW(RV) …

Isotretinoin, Vitamin A Supplements, And Unintended Pregnancies In Post Roe V Wade America, Praneet S Paidisetty, Leonard K Wang, Dina H Zamil, Shangyi Fu, Zeena Y Nawas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Isotretinoin is a potent vitamin A derivative that is used to treat acne. However, despite its utility in dermatologic care, it is also highly teratogenic and can cause severe life-threatening fetal abnormalities in the first trimester of pregnancy. As a result, existing regulations are stringent in order to prevent accidental pregnancies in women taking isotretinoin. In the unlikely case of an unintended pregnancy, while taking isotretinoin, a woman could terminate her pregnancy with an abortion. However, with the recent overturning of Roe v. Wade, we explore the consequences of this landmark United States Supreme Court ruling with special attention …

Endoscopic Tacking System As A Novel Tissue Approximation Measure For Very Large Emr Defects, Tara Keihanian, Mohamed O Othman, Salmaan A Jawaid

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS: Defect closure post-EMR and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is recommended to decrease the risk of delayed bleeding and perforation. Current methods of tissue approximation and closure of mucosal defects have their limitations, including restricted maneuverability, need for scope withdrawal, or difficulty in apposing larger defects. Through-the-scope HeliX tacking system (Apollo Endosurgery, Austin, Tex, USA) is a novel tissue apposition device designed to mimic suture closure without the need to withdraw the endoscope or insert bulky devices on the tip of the endoscope. Previous reports demonstrate its effectiveness for closure of standard postresection defects, fistulae, and peroral endoscopic …

Butyrate-Producing Bacteria And Insulin Homeostasis: The Microbiome And Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (Miles), Jinrui Cui, Gautam Ramesh, Martin Wu, Elizabeth T Jensen, Osa Crago, Alain G Bertoni, Chunxu Gao, Kristi L Hoffman, Patricia A Sheridan, Kari E Wong, Alexis C Wood, Yii-Der I Chen, Jerome I Rotter, Joseph F Petrosino, Stephen S Rich, Mark O Goodarzi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Gut microbiome studies have documented depletion of butyrate-producing taxa in type 2 diabetes. We analyzed associations between butyrate-producing taxa and detailed measures of insulin homeostasis, whose dysfunction underlies diabetes in 224 non-Hispanic Whites and 129 African Americans, all of whom completed an oral glucose tolerance test. Stool microbiome was assessed by whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing with taxonomic profiling. We examined associations among 36 butyrate-producing taxa (n = 7 genera and 29 species) and insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, disposition index, insulin clearance, and prevalence of dysglycemia (prediabetes plus diabetes, 46% of cohort), adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and race. The genus Coprococcus …

Clearance Of Hiv-1 Or Siv Reservoirs By Promotion Of Apoptosis And Inhibition Of Autophagy: Targeting Intracellular Molecules In Cure-Directed Strategies, Min Chen, Min Li, Marietta M Budai, Andrew P Rice, Jason T Kimata, Mahesh Mohan, Jin Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The reservoirs of the HIV display cellular properties resembling long-lived immune memory cells that could be exploited for viral clearance. Our interest in developing a cure for HIV stems from the studies of immunologic memory against infections. We and others have found that long-lived immune memory cells employ prosurvival autophagy and antiapoptotic mechanisms to protect their longevity. Here, we describe the rationale for the development of an approach to clear HIV-1 by selective elimination of host cells harboring replication-competent HIV (SECH). While reactivation of HIV-1 in the host cells with latency reversing agents (LRAs) induces viral gene expression leading to …

Rare Variants In Genes Encoding Subunits Of The Epithelial Na+ Channel Are Associated With Blood Pressure And Kidney Function, Brandon M Blobner, Annet Kirabo, Ossama B Kashlan, Shaohu Sheng, Donna K Arnett, Lewis C Becker, Eric Boerwinkle, Jenna C Carlson, Yan Gao, Richard A Gibbs, Jiang He, Marguerite R Irvin, Sharon L R Kardia, Tanika N Kelly, Charles Kooperberg, Stephen T Mcgarvey, Vipin K Menon, May E Montasser, Take Naseri, Susan Redline, Alexander P Reiner, Muagututi'a S Reupena, Jennifer A Smith, Xiao Sun, Dhananjay Vaidya, Karine A Viaud-Martinez, Daniel E Weeks, Lisa R Yanek, Xiaofeng Zhu, Ryan L Minster, Thomas R Kleyman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: The epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) is intrinsically linked to fluid volume homeostasis and blood pressure. Specific rare mutations in SCNN1A, SCNN1B, and SCNN1G, genes encoding the α, β, and γ subunits of ENaC, respectively, are associated with extreme blood pressure phenotypes. No associations between blood pressure and SCNN1D, which encodes the δ subunit of ENaC, have been reported. A small number of sequence variants in ENaC subunits have been reported to affect functional transport in vitro or blood pressure. The effects of the vast majority of rare and low-frequency ENaC variants on blood pressure are …

Looking On The Horizon; Potential And Unique Approaches To Developing Radiation Countermeasures For Deep Space Travel, Rihana S Bokhari, Afshin Beheshti, Sarah E Blutt, Dawn E Bowles, David Brenner, Robert Britton, Lawrence Bronk, Xu Cao, Anushree Chatterjee, Delisa E Clay, Colleen Courtney, Donald T Fox, M Waleed Gaber, Sharon Gerecht, Peter Grabham, David Grosshans, Fada Guan, Erin A Jezuit, David G Kirsch, Zhandong Liu, Mirjana Maletic-Savatic, Kyle M Miller, Ruth A Montague, Prashant Nagpal, Sivan Osenberg, Luke Parkitny, Niles A Pierce, Christopher Porada, Susan M Rosenberg, Paul Sargunas, Sadhana Sharma, Jamie Spangler, Daniel Naveed Tavakol, Dilip Thomas, Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic, Chunbo Wang, Luke Whitcomb, Damian W Young, Dorit Donoviel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Future lunar missions and beyond will require new and innovative approaches to radiation countermeasures. The Translational Research Institute for Space Health (TRISH) is focused on identifying and supporting unique approaches to reduce risks to human health and performance on future missions beyond low Earth orbit. This paper will describe three funded and complementary avenues for reducing the risk to humans from radiation exposure experienced in deep space. The first focus is on identifying new therapeutic targets to reduce the damaging effects of radiation by focusing on high throughput genetic screens in accessible, sometimes called lower, organism models. The second focus …

Management Of Upper Gastrointestinal Symptoms In Patients With Autoimmune Gastritis, Juan D Gomez Cifuentes, Jordan Sparkman, David Y Graham

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Autoimmune gastritis is characterized by atrophy of acid secreting parietal cells resulting in achlorhydria. Upper gastrointestinal symptoms are common in autoimmune gastritis and frequently result in prescriptions for acid suppressant medications despite the inability of the stomach to secrete acid. Evidence-based recommendations for management of gastrointestinal symptoms in autoimmune gastritis are lacking.

RECENT FINDINGS: The most common symptoms in patients with autoimmune gastritis are dyspepsia, heartburn, and regurgitation. Gastroesophageal reflux should be confirmed by pH-impedance testing and is typically weakly acid or alkaline. Therapy for reflux focuses on mechanical prevention of reflux (i.e., elevation of the head …

Race, Racism, And Antiracism In Emergency Medicine: A Scoping Review Of The Literature And Research Agenda For The Future, Anna Darby, Emily C Cleveland Manchanda, Hannah Janeway, Shamsher Samra, Marquita Norman Hicks, Ruby Long, Katrina A Gipson, Anita N Chary, Brenda A Adjei, Kajal Khanna, Ava Pierce, Sheri-Ann O Kaltiso, Sophia Spadafore, Jennifer Tsai, Annette Dekker, Molly E Thiessen, Jordan Foster, Rose Diaz, Mikaela Mizuno, Elizabeth Schoenfeld

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: The objective was to conduct a scoping review of the literature and develop consensus-derived research priorities for future research inquiry in an effort to (1) identify and summarize existing research related to race, racism, and antiracism in emergency medicine (EM) and adjacent fields and (2) set the agenda for EM research in these topic areas.

Methods: A scoping review of the literature using PubMed and EMBASE databases, as well as review of citations from included articles, formed the basis for discussions with community stakeholders, who in turn helped to inform and shape the discussion and recommendations of participants in …

Nurturing Children’S Development Through Healthy Eating And Active Living: Time For Policies To Support Effective Interventions In The Context Of Responsive Emotional Support And Early Learning, Helen Skouteris, Rachael Green, Alexandra Chung, Heidi Bergmeier, Lisa H Amir, Sukhpreet Kaur Baidwan, Angel Marie Chater, Catherine Chamberlain, Ruth Emond, Kay Gibbons, Michelle Gooey, Kostas Hatzikiriakidis, Emma Haycraft, Andrew P Hills, Daryl J Higgins, Oliver Hooper, Sue-Anne Hunter, Pam Kappelides, Sue Kleve, Jacynta Krakouer, Julie C Lumeng, Yannis Manios, Athar Mansoor, Michael Marmot, Louise C Mâsse, Karen Matvienko-Sikar, Zandile June-Rose Mchiza, Caroline Meyer, George Moschonis, Emily R Munro, Teresia Margareta O'Connor, Adrienne O'Neil, Thomas Quarmby, Rachel Sandford, Janet U Schneiderman, Simone Sherriff, Doug Simkiss, Alison Spence, Elizabeth Sturgiss, Dave Vicary, Rebecca Wickes, Luke Wolfenden, Mary Story, Maureen M Black

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Fostering the growth, development, health, and wellbeing of children is a global priority. The early childhood period presents a critical window to influence lifelong trajectories, however urgent multisectoral action is needed to ensure that families are adequately supported to nurture their children's growth and development. With a shared vision to give every child the best start in life, thus helping them reach their full developmental potential, we have formed the International Healthy Eating Active Living Matters (HEALing Matters) Alliance. Together, we form a global network of academics and practitioners working across child health and development, and who are dedicated to …

Clinical Exome Sequencing Uncovers A High Frequency Of Mendelian Disorders In Infants With Stroke: A Retrospective Analysis, Runjun D Kumar, Linyan Meng, Pengfei Liu, Christina Y Miyake, Kim C Worley, Weimin Bi, Seema R Lalani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background:

Stroke causes significant disability and is a common cause of death worldwide. Previous studies have estimated that 1-5% of stroke is attributable to monogenic etiologies. We set out to assess the utility of clinical exome sequencing (ES) in the evaluation of stroke.

Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed 124 individuals who received ES at the Baylor Genetics reference lab between 2012 and 2021 who had stroke as a major part of their reported phenotype.

Results:

Ages ranged from 10 days to 69 years. 8.9% of the cohort received a diagnosis, including 25% of infants less than 1 year old; an additional …