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Peritoneal Delivery Of Capsinoids, Nonpungent Trpv1 Agonists, Induces Mild Hypothermia In Conscious Mice Through Trpv1 Activation Of Visceral Vagal Afferents, Alexander P Andersohn, Ting Wu, Andrea N Doan, Charles L Cantrell, Robert L Jarret, Sean P Marrelli

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has demonstrated neuroprotection in instances of cardiac arrest and neonatal hypoxia/ischemia but faces different challenges in application to stroke due to the activation of cold defense mechanisms in conscious patients. This study examined the efficacy and specificity of capsinoids (a purified mixture of capsiate and dihydrocapsiate) to induce a sustained fall in core body temperature in conscious mice. Capsinoids function as TRPV1 agonists. However, unlike capsaicin, capsinoids are vulnerable to esterase-mediated breakdown, thus significantly restricting their action to the site of delivery. We showed that capsinoids delivered intraperitoneally (IP) to mice induced a TRPV1-dependent drop in core …

Pharmacological Profiling In Cll Patients During Pirtobrutinib Therapy And Disease Progression, Shady I Tantawy, Burcu Aslan, Ganiraju Manyam, Lakesla R Iles, Natalia Timofeeva, Neetu Singh, Nitin Jain, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Philip A Thompson, Keyur P Patel, Sai Prasad Desikan, William G Wierda, Varsha Gandhi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Pediatric Vs Adult Invasive Aspergillosis In Cancer And Hematopoietic Transplant Patients: Insights From A Matched Cohort At A Tertiary Cancer Center, Saliba Wehbe, Ramia Zakhour, Ray Hachem, Ying Jiang, Hiba Dagher, Roseen Salman, Anne-Marie Chaftari, Issam I Raad

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening infection in immunocompromised patients, including those with hematologic malignancies and hematopoietic stem cell transplants. While adult IA has been well characterized, data on pediatric populations remain limited, and potential age-related differences are often overlooked in current management guidelines.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective matched cohort study at a tertiary cancer center, evaluating IA cases diagnosed over a 31-year period. Pediatric patients (≤18 years) with proven or probable IA were matched 1:3 with adult IA cases based on year of diagnosis, underlying disease, and history of hematopoietic cell transplantation. We compared demographics, clinical presentation, …

Thrombi From Stroke Due To Cardioembolic Etiology Have Higher Cd11b-Positive Cells Compared To Large Artery Atherosclerosis, Carson Finger, Gomana Emara, Gabriel S Chiu, Kelly Li, Sunil Sheth, Chunfeng Tan, Maria Parekh, Mehmet Enes Inam, Deepa Dongarwar, Bharti Manwani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Identifying the underlying etiology of ischemic stroke is crucial for implementing effective stroke prevention measures. In the era of thrombectomy, ischemic stroke thrombus composition has gained considerable interest in the recent years. However, only a limited studies have analyzed the inflammatory milieu of the thrombus in association with stroke etiology. Atrial Fibrillation (AF), a common etiology of large strokes, is difficult to detect, but is known to be an inflammatory disease with a dominance of CD11b cell types (characterizes bone marrow derived myeloid cells such as monocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, and natural killer cells) in the atria. We hypothesized that thrombi …

Positron Emission Tomography Reveals Increased Myocardial Glucose Uptake In A Subset Of Friedreich Ataxia Patients, R Mark Payne, Thomas M O'Connell, P Melanie Pride, Gregg R Wagner, George J Eckert, Tiffany R Johnson, Weinian Shou, Gary D Hutchins

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Why some but not all patients with the rare disease Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) are at increased risk of poor cardiovascular outcome and death is unclear and unpredictable. We investigated the hypothesis that mitochondrial dysfunction in FRDA leads to altered patterns of myocardial metabolic substrate utilization. We recruited 5 healthy controls (Ctl) and 11 FRDA participants. All underwent fasting myocardial positron emission tomography (PET scan) with 15O–H2O, 18F-FDG, and 11C-Palmitate. We conducted cardiac transcriptomics on mice with ablation of the Frda gene in heart to explore mechanisms of fuel substrate utilization. Five (45%) FRDA participants had an LV mass index (LVMi) …

Transdiagnostic Alterations In White Matter Microstructure Associated With Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviours In The Enigma Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviours Consortium, Laura S Van Velzen, Lejla Colic, Zuriel Ceja, Maria R Dauvermann, Luca M Villa, Hannah S Savage, Yara J Toenders, Niousha Dehestani, Alyssa H Zhu, Adrian I Campos, Lauren E Salminen, Martin Alda, Ingrid Agartz, Nina Alexander, Rosa Ayesa-Arriola, Elizabeth D Ballard, Nerisa Banaj, Carlotta Barkhau, Zeynep Başgöze, Jochen Bauer, Francesco Benedetti, Klaus Berger, Bianca Besteher, Katharina Brosch, Manuel Canal-Rivero, Simon Cervenka, Romain Colle, Colm G Connolly, Emmanuelle Corruble, Philippe Courtet, Baptiste Couvy-Duchesne, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Kathryn R Cullen, Udo Dannlowski, Jeremy Deverdun, Ana M Diaz-Zuluaga, Lorielle M F Dietze, Jennifer W Evans, Negar Fani, Kira Flinkenflügel, Naomi P Friedman, Ian H Gotlib, Nynke A Groenewold, Dominik Grotegerd, Tomas Hajek, Alexander S Hatoum, Marco Hermesdorf, Ian B Hickie, Yoshiyuki Hirano, Tiffany C Ho, Yuki Ikemizu, Frank Iorfino, Jonathan C Ipser, Yuko Isobe, Andrea P Jackowski, Fabrice Jollant, Tilo Kircher, Melissa Klug, Sheri-Michelle Koopowitz, Anna Kraus, Axel Krug, Emmanuelle Le Bars, Elisabeth J Leehr, Meng Li, Elizabeth T C Lippard, Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo, Ivan I Maximov, Andrew M Mcintosh, Katie A Mclaughlin, Sean R Mcwhinney, Susanne Meinert, Elisa Melloni, Philip B Mitchell, Benson Mwangi, Igor Nenadić, Stener Nerland, Emilie Olie, Victor Ortiz-García De La Foz, Pedro M Pan, Fabricio Pereira, Fabrizio Piras, Federica Piras, Sara Poletti, Andrew E Reineberg, Gloria Roberts, Rafael Romero-García, Matthew D Sacchet, Giovanni A Salum, Anca-Larisa Sandu, Carl M Sellgren, Eiji Shimizu, Harry R Smolker, Jair C Soares, J Douglas Steele, Frederike Stein, Dan J Stein, Benjamin Straube, Lea Teutenberg, Florian Thomas-Odenthal, Paula Usemann, Romain Valabregue, Johanna Valencia-Echeverry, Gerd Wagner, Gordon Waiter, Martin Walter, Heather C Whalley, Mon-Ju Wu, Tony T Yang, Carlos A Zarate, Andre Zugman, Giovana B Zunta-Soares, Kees Van Heeringen, Sanne J H Van Rooij, Nic Van Der Wee, Steven Van Der Werff, Paul M Thompson, Hilary P Blumberg, Anne-Laura Van Harmelen, Miguel E Rentería, Neda Jahanshad, Enigma Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviours Consortium, Lianne Schmaal

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Previous studies have suggested that alterations in white matter (WM) microstructure are implicated in suicidal thoughts and behaviours (STBs). However, findings of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have been inconsistent. In this large-scale mega-analysis conducted by the ENIGMA Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviours (ENIGMA-STB) consortium, we examined WM alterations associated with STBs. Data processing was standardised across sites, and resulting WM microstructure measures (fractional anisotropy (FA), axial diffusivity (AD), mean diffusivity and radial diffusivity) for 24 WM tracts and one global measure were pooled across 40 cohorts. We compared these measures among individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis and lifetime history of …

Distinct Spatiotemporal Patterns Of White Matter Hyperintensity Progression, Jinyong Chung, Gilsoon Park, Wi-Sun Ryu, Dawid Schellingerhout, Hang-Rai Kim, Dong-Seok Gwak, Elizabeth Haddad, Neda Jahanshad, Beom Joon Kim, Keun-Sik Hong, Hyerin Oh, Sang-Wuk Jeong, Joon-Tae Kim, Man Seok Park, Kang-Ho Choi, Kyungbok Lee, Tai Hwan Park, Sang-Soon Park, Jong-Moo Park, Kyusik Kang, Kyung-Ho Yu, Mi Sun Oh, Soo Joo Lee, Jae Guk Kim, Jae-Kwan Cha, Dae-Hyun Kim, Jun Lee, Moon-Ku Han, Yong-Jin Cho, Byung-Chul Lee, Philip M Bath, Joanna M Wardlaw, Hee-Joon Bae, Hosung Kim, Dong-Eog Kim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

White matter hyperintensity, a key imaging biomarker for brain health, has prognostic implications for stroke. Using a multicenter MRI dataset of 9179 stroke patients plus the UK Biobank (n = 36,210 low/high risk controls), we employ Subtype and Stage Inference modeling and identify three distinct white matter hyperintensity progression subtypes: fronto-parietal, radial, and temporo-occipital. Longitudinal validation confirms classification stability. The fronto-parietal subtype shows delayed onset and more hypertension, while the temporo-occipital subtype has more atrial fibrillation and coronary heart disease. The fronto-parietal and radial subtypes are linked to small vessel stroke, while the temporo-occipital subtype is linked to cardioembolism. The …

Leptin As A Key Driver For Organ Fibrogenesis, Xue-Nan Sun, Shiuhwei Chen, Shangang Zhao, Jan-Bernd Funcke, Megan Virostek, Line Pedersen, Chao Li, Chanmin Joung, Qian Lin, Yan Li, Ayanna Cobb, May-Yun Wang, Kyounghee Min, Lisandro Maya-Ramos, Giovanna Degasperi, Junquan Liu, Ningyan Zhang, Zhiqiang An, Diana R Tomchick, R Max Wynn, Da Young Oh, Philipp E Scherer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Leptin, a hormone primarily secreted by adipocytes, regulates energy balance and systemic metabolism through its interaction with the leptin receptor (LEPR). Beyond these functions, leptin signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis of tissue fibrosis. Here, we report the x-ray crystal structures of a leptin-neutralizing antibody (hLep3) in the unbound and leptin-bound states. The interaction of this antibody with leptin mimics the interaction of the LEPR with leptin, providing direct insights into the mechanism by which the antibody disrupts leptin signaling. We furthermore evaluate the therapeutic potential of neutralizing leptin with this antibody across distinct mouse models of fibrosis affecting …

Radiomics For Dynamic Lung Cancer Risk Prediction In Uspstf-Ineligible Patients, Morteza Salehjahromi, Hui Li, Eman Showkatian, Maliazurina B Saad, Mohamed Qayati, Sherif M Ismail, Sheeba J Sujit, Amgad Muneer, Muhammad Aminu, Lingzhi Hong, Xiaoyu Han, Simon Heeke, Tina Cascone, Xiuning Le, Natalie Vokes, Don L Gibbons, Iakovos Toumazis, Edwin J Ostrin, Mara B Antonoff, Ara A Vaporciyan, David Jaffray, Fernando U Kay, Brett W Carter, Carol C Wu, Myrna C B Godoy, J Jack Lee, David E Gerber, John V Heymach, Jianjun Zhang, Jia Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Non-smokers and individuals with minimal smoking history represent a significant proportion of lung cancer cases but are often overlooked in current risk assessment models. Pulmonary nodules are commonly detected incidentally-appearing in approximately 24-31% of all chest CT scans regardless of smoking status. However, most established risk models, such as the Brock model, were developed using cohorts heavily enriched with individuals who have substantial smoking histories. This limits their generalizability to non-smoking and light-smoking populations, highlighting the need for more inclusive and tailored risk prediction strategies. Purpose: We aimed to develop a longitudinal radiomics-based approach for lung cancer …

Relationship Between Smoking And Psychiatric And Somatic Comorbidities In Older Age Bipolar Disorder: Lien Entre Le Tabagisme Et Les Affections Psychiatriques Et Somatiques Concomitantes Chez Les Personnes Âgées Atteintes De Trouble Bipolaire, Molly Howland, Arushi Mahajan, Peijun Chen, Osvaldo Almeida, Kürşat Altınbaş, Hilary Blumberg, Annemiek Dols, Nicole Fiorelli, Orestes Forlenza, Beny Lafer, Andrew Olagunju, Melis Orhan, Soham Rej, Martha Sajatovic, Matthew Schurr, Christian Simhandl, Jair Soares, Ashley Sutherland, Shang-Ying Tsai, Sara Weisenbach, Joy Yala, Farren Briggs

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective

Smoking has been associated with psychiatric and somatic comorbidities in bipolar disorder (BD) populations. However, studies in older age BD (OABD) populations are sparse. We hypothesized that among individuals with OABD, current and former smokers would have worse psychiatric and somatic comorbidities parameters compared to never smokers.

Method

Our study used baseline cross-sectional data from 27 international studies reporting data on adults 50 years old and older (N = 984). Smoking status was categorized into current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers. The distribution of demographic and clinical variables was assessed. The associations between smoking status and the …

Mir147 Promotes Mucosal Integrity And Healing In Intestinal Inflammation, Agnieszka K Czopik, Arash Dabiri, Chia-Hao Tung, Victoria Vaughn, Xiangsheng Huang, Jinlian Wang, Hui Li, Nicolas F Moreno, Natalia V Piwko, Katherine Figarella, Hongfang Liu, Zhongming Zhao, Xiaoyi Yuan, Holger K Eltzschig

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The intestinal mucosal epithelium forms a barrier between luminal contents and the body. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate mucosal homeostasis by controlling inflammatory responses and structural integrity. Here, we discovered a protective role for miR147 in intestinal inflammation using a miR147tdTomato reporter mouse. miR147 was enriched in the intestines, with the highest expression in the colonic epithelial cells at the luminal surface, with prominent expression in differentiated enterocytes. Mice with general or intestinal epithelial deletion of miR147 showed increased intestinal inflammation and diminished mucosal healing during colitis. RNA sequencing of miR147-deficient cells showed dysregulated immune signaling, with upregulated proinflammatory cytokine pathways and …

Lifestyle Data-Based Multiclass Obesity Prediction With Interpretable Ensemble Models Incorporating Shap And Lime Analysis, Shahid Mohammad Ganie, Pijush Kanti Dutta Pramanik, Zhongming Zhao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Obesity is a major public health concern. Predicting obesity risk from lifestyle data can guide targeted interventions, but current models remain limited. This study first evaluates ensemble learning methods and then combines approaches to improve prediction accuracy and generalizability. Four ensemble techniques-boosting, bagging, stacking, and voting-were tested. Five boosting and five bagging models were constructed alongside voting and stacking models. Hyperparameter tuning optimized performance, and feature importance analysis guided potential feature elemination. In phase two, hybrid stacking and voting models integrated the best-performing boosting and bagging models to enhance predictive capability. Model robustness was ensured through k-fold cross-validation and statistical …

Review Of Diffusion Models And Its Applications In Biomedical Informatics, Jiawei Luo, Liren Yang, Yan Liu, Changbao Hu, Grant Wang, Yan Yang, Tie-Lin Yang, Xiaobo Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The diffusion model, a cutting-edge deep generative technique, is gaining traction in biomedical informatics, showcasing promising applications across various domains. This review presents an overview of the working principles, categories, and numerous applications of diffusion models in biomedical research. In medical imaging, these models, through frameworks like Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs) and Stochastic Differential Equations (SDE), offer advanced solutions for image generation, reconstruction, segmentation, and denoising. Notably, they’ve been employed in synthesizing 2D/3D medical images, MRI, and PET image reconstruction, and segmentation tasks such as labeled MRI generation. In the realm of structured Electronic Health Records (EHR) data, diffusion …

A Standard-Based Taxonomy Of Features That Affect User Response To Clinical Decision Support Alerts, Siru Liu, Allison B Mccoy, Dean F Sittig, Josh F Peterson, Thomas A Lasko, Adam Wright

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: The objective of this work is to develop a standard-based taxonomy of features that might affect user response to alerts using evidence from literature and public alert logic repositories.

Methods: We developed a taxonomy of features using multiple sources: (1) the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) CDS Connect Repository, (2) alert logic from commercial electronic health record (EHR) customers, and (3) published literature. Three categories (patient, provider, environment/context) were used a priori to develop the taxonomy. The final taxonomy was mapped to the Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) standard for development of standardized CDS services.

Results: Aggregating …

Sexually Dimorphic Sail Feathers In The Mandarin Duck As A Model For Lifelong Developmental Modulation, Pin-Chi Tang, Hsu-Chen Cheng, Gee-Way Lin, Yung-Chih Lai, Ya-Chen Liang, Ping Wu, Tzu-Chiao Lin, Chen Siang Ng, Isheng Jason Tsai, Ang Li, Wen Hsiung Li, Chih-Feng Chen, Cheng-Ming Chuong, Randall Widelitz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Developmental processes extend beyond embryogenesis to support lifelong tissue adaptations. Avian feather follicles, with their resident stem cells and capacity for cyclic regeneration, provide a dynamic model for postnatal tissue remodeling. Here, we propose the Mandarin duck (Aix galericulata) as an ideal model to study lifelong developmental modulation, focusing on the sexually dimorphic "sail feather"-a secondary flight feather in males that undergoes seasonal transformation into a strikingly asymmetric, ornamented phenotype during the breeding season. We identified asymmetric morphogen expression in regenerating male sail feathers and used transcriptome and H3K27ac ChIP-seq to uncover male and female signaling pathways and regulatory elements. …

Insights, Opportunities, And Challenges Provided By Large Cell Atlases, Martin Hemberg, Federico Marini, Shila Ghazanfar, Ahmad Al Ajami, Najla Abassi, Benedict Anchang, Bérénice A Benayoun, Yue Cao, Ken Chen, Yesid Cuesta-Astroz, Zachary Debruine, Calliope A Dendrou, Iwijn De Vlaminck, Katharina Imkeller, Ilya Korsunsky, Alex R Lederer, Jessica Jingyi Li, Pieter Meysman, Clint L Miller, Kerry A Mullan, Uwe Ohler, Pratibha Panwar, Nikolaos Patikas, Jonas Schuck, Jacqueline H Y Siu, Timothy J Triche, Alex Tsankov, Sander W Van Der Laan, Masanao Yajima, Jean Yang, Fabio Zanini, Ivana Jelic

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The field of single-cell biology is growing rapidly, generating large amounts of data from a variety of species, disease conditions, tissues, and organs. Coordinated efforts such as CZI CELLxGENE, HuBMAP, Broad Institute Single Cell Portal, and DISCO allow researchers to access large volumes of curated datasets, including more than just scRNA-seq data. These resources have created an opportunity to build and expand the computational biology ecosystem to develop tools necessary for data reuse and for extracting novel biological insights. We highlight achievements made so far, areas where further development is needed, and specific challenges that need to be overcome.

Intracellular Lactate Dynamics In Drosophila Neurons, Matthew S Price, Elham Rastegari, Richa Gupta, Katie Vo, Travis I Moore, Kartik Venkatachalam

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Rates of lactate production and consumption reflect the metabolic state of many cell types, including neurons. Here, we investigated the effects of nutrient deprivation on lactate dynamics in Drosophila neurons by leveraging the limiting effects of the unstirred layer, a diffusion barrier that forms around cells in culture. We found that neurons constitutively consume lactate when the availability of trehalose, a glucose disaccharide preferred by insects, is limited by the unstirred layer. Acute mechanical disruption of the unstirred layer reduced this reliance on lactate. Through kinetic modeling and experimental validation, we demonstrate that neuronal lactate consumption rates under unstirred layer …

Nucleotide Motif-Guided Selection Of Plasma Microrna Biomarkers In Trauma, Boyang Ren, Ruoxing Li, Chien-Yu Lin, Chanhee Park, Sheng Wang, Andrew O Suen, John Kessler, Shiming Yang, Rosemary Kozar, Lin Zou, Brittney Williams, Ziyi Li, Peter Hu, Wei Chao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Trauma remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in part due to complex pathophysiological responses. Yet our abilities to predict these changes are limited. Plasma miRNAs have been proposed as DAMPs that drive immune response and organ injury. Here, we test a panel of plasma miRNAs-selected based on next-generation sequencing and nucleotide motifs identified via a machine-learning algorithm-for their abilities to predict subclinical pathophysiological injuries. We find marked and severity-dependent increases in the miRNA biomarkers following trauma, which are closely associated with various injury markers. AUROC indicates that these biomarkers possess strong diagnostic and predictive abilities in overall trauma …

Visualization Of Lysosomal Membrane Proteins By Cryo Electron Tomography, Bridget M Mcveigh, José J De Jesús-Pérez, Dirk H Siepe, Prerana Gogoi, Shrawan Kumar Mageswaran, Marian Kalocsay, Elaine M Mihelc, Vera Y Moiseenkova-Bell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lysosomes are essential organelles for cellular homeostasis and signaling, with dysfunction linked to neurological disorders, lysosomal storage diseases, and cancer. While proteomics has advanced our understanding of lysosomal composition, the structural characterization of lysosomal membrane proteins in their native environment remains a significant challenge. Here, we developed a cryo electron tomography workflow to visualize lysosomal membrane proteins within intact, native lysosomal membranes. We isolated endolysosomes by independently targeting two lysosomal membrane proteins, transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 and transmembrane protein 192, enriching organelles that exhibited the expected morphology and proteomic composition of the endolysosomal system. Sub-tomogram averaging enabled the structural …

Protocol For Isolating Patient-Derived Ascites Cells And Extracellular Vesicles From Gastric Cancer Peritoneal Metastases, Yibo Fan, Jody V Vykoukal, Shumei Song, Melissa Pool Pizzi, Gengyi Zou, Katsuhiro Yoshimura, Jiankang Jin, Hiroyuki Katayama, George A Calin, Rebecca E Waters, Qiong Gan, Linghua Wang, Samir Hanash, Shilpa S Dhar, Jaffer A Ajani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) cells and extracellular vesicles (EVs) from gastric cancer ascites are valuable for studying tumor-stroma interactions. Here, we present a protocol for isolating PC cells and EVs from patient ascites. We describe steps for PC cell culture, iodixanol-based EV purification, electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, flow cytometry, and proteomic profiling. This protocol also includes TD-139 loading into exosomes for functional assays to evaluate their role in modulating the tumor microenvironment. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Fan et al.

Equal Survival For Black Americans With Multiple Myeloma When Appropriately Matched To White Americans, David E Mery, Guido Tricot, Samer Al Hadidi, Yihao Zhan, Cody Ashby, Clyde Bailey, Eric R Siegel, Daisy V Alapat, Hongwei Xu, Sandra Mattox, Caroline Schinke, Maurizio Zangari, Sharmilan Thanendrarajan, Qing Yi, Robert Z Orlowski, Frits Van Rhee, John D Shaughnessy, Fenghuang Zhan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

A Pooled Sample Study Of Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Wait Time Among A Pregnant Population In New York, Stanley Nkemjika, Gulshan Begum, Bolaji Yoade, Vaibhav Vyas, Henry Onyeaka, Olubusola Olatunji, Olaniyi Olayinka, Ayana Jordan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background and Aim: Opioid use disorder (OUD) during pregnancy has become a major public health issue, with its prevalence rising significantly in recent years. The incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) has also surged, from 1.5 cases per 1000 hospital births in 1999 to 6.0 cases per 1000 in 2013. This study aims to identify and analyze the concerns faced by pregnant people in accessing OUD treatment on time, specifically focusing on New York.

Methods: The pooled sample of 225,275 individuals represents pregnant patients with OUD who received treatment at substance use disorder (SUD) facilities across New York State between …

A Case Study Of Ai-Enabled Software As A Medical Device Cleared By The Fda For Assessing Hemorrhage Risk Index (Appraise-Hri) After Trauma, Andrew Frock, Jeffrey T Robbins, Francisco G Vital-Lopez, Valmik Desai, Gheorghe Doros, Barry E Sands, Arunkumar Prabhakaran, Christopher Nemeth, Gregory T Rule, Jason L Sperry, Francis X Guyette, Stephen R Wisniewski, Ernest E Moore, Martin Schreiber, Bellal Joseph, Chad T Wilson, Bryan Cotton, Daniel Ostermayer, Brian G Harbrecht, Mayur B Patel, Suzanne Tamang, Sanjay Malunjkar, David A Spain, Andrew T Reisner, Jonathan D Stallings, Jaques Reifman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Hemorrhage is the leading cause of preventable death on the battlefield, yet combat medics lack clinical decision support systems to help stratify hemorrhage risk in trauma casualties. We previously trained the Automated Processing of the Physiological Registry for Assessment of Injury Severity - Hemorrhage Risk Index (APPRAISE-HRI) software to associate patterns in vital signs (heart rate and blood pressure) collected from trauma patients with three HRI levels: I (low), II (average), or III (high). To independently validate APPRAISE-HRI and obtain U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance, we collected trauma registry and continuous vital sign data from 5895 trauma patients …

Varied Presentations Of Arterial Events In Vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Milan Jaiswal, Sara Mansoorshahi, Sharon Zachariah, Thanila Macedo, Alana C Cecchi, Bihong Zhao, L Maximilian Buja, Dianna M Milewicz, Gustavo S Oderich, Rana O Afifi, Akiko Tanaka, Anthony L Estrera, Salman A Arain, Siddharth K Prakash

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Spontaneous arterial aneurysms and dissections are relatively common in patients with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and arterial rupture accounts for most deaths. Members of the Aortic and Vascular Disease Clinic at UTHealth Houston hold a monthly conference that includes cardiothoracic and vascular surgeons, cardiologists, geneticists, radiologists, and pathologists to formulate multidisciplinary approaches for the management of complex cases. In this case series, we highlight the variable presentations and clinical evolution of complex aortic and vascular disease due to vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

Introducing Mcodegpt As A Zero-Shot Information Extraction From Clinical Free Text Data Tool For Cancer Research, Kai Zhang, Tongtong Huang, Bradley A Malin, Travis Osterman, Qi Long, Xiaoqian Jiang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: The vast amount of natural language clinical notes about patients with cancer presents a challenge for efficient information extraction, standardization, and structuring. Traditional NLP methods require extensive annotation by domain experts for each type of named entity and necessitate model training, highlighting the need for an efficient and accurate extraction method.

Methods: This study introduces a tool based on the Large Language Model (LLM) for zero-shot information extraction from cancer-related clinical notes into structured data aligned with the minimal Common Oncology Data Elements (mCODE™) structure. We utilize the zero-shot learning capabilities of LLMs for information extraction, eliminating the need …

Strategies For Addressing Covid-19 Vaccine Equity With Intermediaries, Prevention Research Centers, And The Vaccine Confidence Network, Kelianne K Hara-Hubbard, Allison Beaulieu, Anais Mendiola, Pooja Gandhi, Nicole Kuiper, Richard Quartarone, Jinni Tang, Olivia Dominguez, Maritza Bond, Dorothy Cohen, Margaret Goetz, Nasra Mohamed, Paula Cuccaro, Peggy A Hannon, Maria E Fernandez, Jackson Higginbottom, Rafael Pérez-Escamilla, Bárbara Baquero

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In April 2021, the CDC provided supplemental funding to all 26 Prevention Research Centers (PRCs) to create the PRC Vaccine Confidence Network (VCN) to increase COVID-19 vaccine confidence and uptake in communities disparately impacted by COVID-19 and/or in vaccine hesitant populations. A key strategy to building vaccine confidence was engaging with intermediaries (i.e., mutually trusted community and practice-based organizations conducting community outreach and intervention activities) to address barriers for our shared communities of focus. These intermediaries were key in building community trust, addressing community needs and concerns, and in turn, building vaccine confidence and demand in areas and communities disproportionately …

Conversion Of Failed Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty To Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty Yields Similar Pain And Functional Outcomes To Primary Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty But Has A Higher Baseplate Failure Rate: A Matched Cohort Study., Kevin A Hao, Trevor G Simcox, Keegan M Hones, Jonathan O Wright, Thomas W Wright, Tyler Lamonica, Bradley S Schoch, Joseph J King

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: To investigate whether patients who initially underwent anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) for glenohumeral osteoarthritis and were subsequently revised to reverse TSA (rTSA) due to rotator cuff failure or glenoid loosening ultimately attained a similar clinical outcome compared with those who underwent primary rTSA and identify predictors of poor outcomes in the former population.

Methods: We did a single-center retrospective review of 63 shoulders who underwent revision rTSA after primary aTSA that failed due to glenoid component loosening (n = 32), rotator cuff failure (n = 24), or recurrent instability (n = 7). Pain and functional outcomes at minimum …

Correction: Román-Ríos Et Al., Gabriel Román-Ríos, Gabriel Rosario-Ortiz, Marcos J Ramos-Benitez, Ricardo A Mosquera, Wilfredo De Jesús-Rojas

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Figure Legend [...].

Tng260 Is A Small-Molecule Corest Inhibitor That Sensitizes Stk11-Mutant Tumors To Anti-Pd-1 Immunotherapy, Leanne G Ahronian, Soumyadip Sahu, Minjie Zhang, Ayushi S Patel, Ke Geng, Reshmee Bhattacharya, Gerald S Falchook, Jonathan W Goldman, Alexander I Spira, Salman R Punekar, David R Spigel, Judy S Wang, Ferdinandos Skoulidis, Janaye Stephens, Mary Meynardie, Jaylen M Powell, Alfonso Lopez, Michela Ranieri, Magdalena A Ploszaj, Yi Jer Tan, Yeuan Ting Lee, Yi Yu, Jiehui Deng, Ting Chen, Patrick Mccarren, Alice Tsai, Suleman S Hussain, Brian Doyon, Kenjie Amemiya, Jacques Ermolieff, Preksha Shahagadkar, Nikitha M Das, Lauren R Flynn, Julie A Shields, Laney Danielczyk, Brian J Mcmillan, Andre Mignault, Samuel R Meier, Hsin-Jung Wu, David J Guerin, Douglas A Whittington, Chengyin Min, Iga Sienczylo, John P Maxwell, Heather J Dibenedetto, Hideo Watanabe, Brian B Haines, Alan Huang, Adam Crystal, Jannik N Andersen, Xinyuan Wu, Kwok-Kin Wong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with loss of the tumor suppressor gene STK11 are resistant to immune checkpoint therapies like anti–PD-1. In this study, we conducted an in vivo CRISPR screen that identified histone deacetylase 1 as a target to reverse anti–PD-1 resistance driven by loss of STK11 and developed TNG260, a potent small-molecule inhibitor of the CoREST complex with selectivity exceeding previously generated inhibitors in this class in preclinical studies. Treatment with TNG260 led to increased expression of immunomodulatory genes in STK11-deficient cancer cells. When combined with anti–PD-1, TNG260 induced immune-mediated stasis and/or regression in STK11 …

Preoperative Brain Mapping Predicts Language Outcomes After Eloquent Tumor Resection, Matthew T Muir, Kyle Noll, Sarah Prinsloo, Hayley Michener, Jeffrey I Traylor, Vinodh A Kumar, Chibawanye I Ene, Sherise Ferguson, Ho-Ling Liu, Jeffrey S Weinberg, Frederick Lang, Brian A Taylor, Stephanie J Forkel, Sujit S Prabhu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

When operating on gliomas near critical language regions, surgeons risk either leaving residual tumor or inducing permanent postoperative language deficits (PLDs). Despite the advent of intraoperative mapping techniques, subjective judgments frequently determine important surgical decisions. We aim to inform data-driven surgery by constructing a non-invasive mapping approach that quantitatively predicts the impact of individual surgical decisions on long-term language function. This study included 79 consecutive patients undergoing resection of language-eloquent gliomas. Patients underwent preoperative navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) language mapping to identify language-positive sites ("TMS points") and their associated white matter tracts ("TMS tracts") as well as formal language …