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Biological And Chemical Investigation Of Panamanian Plants For Potential Utility Against Metabolic Syndrome, Yelkaira Vasquez
Biological And Chemical Investigation Of Panamanian Plants For Potential Utility Against Metabolic Syndrome, Yelkaira Vasquez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) affects approximately 25% of the adult population of the world and represents a public health concern with high socioeconomic impact worldwide. Latin American populations exhibit a high prevalence of MetS, similar or even higher than developed countries. This complex and progressive disorder can develop over many years as a cluster of conditions characterized by a constellation of metabolic abnormalities. Specific guidelines have not yet been established for the treatment of MetS per se. The increased prevalence of MetS has been associated with a greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In …
Understanding The Effect Of Extrusion Processing Parameters On Physical, Nutritional And Rheological Properties Of Soy White Flakes Based Aquafeed In A Single Screw Extruder, Sushil Kumar Singh
Understanding The Effect Of Extrusion Processing Parameters On Physical, Nutritional And Rheological Properties Of Soy White Flakes Based Aquafeed In A Single Screw Extruder, Sushil Kumar Singh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The rapid expansion of aquaculture has increased the demand for aquafeed. As fishmeal is expensive, alternative plant based protein sources such as soybean has shown to be a good alternative for aquafeed production. The present study was done to investigate the effect of soy white flakes (SWF) as an alternative source of protein in the production of aquaculture feed through extrusion processing. Ingredient blends containing different levels of SWF along with distiller dried grains, corn flour, corn gluten meal, fish meal, vitamin and mineral mix with net protein adjusted to 32% protein were formulated. The ingredient blends were extruded in …
Effects Of Bran Treatment On Rheology And Sensory Quality Of Whole Wheat Flat Bread, Jigyasha Mishra
Effects Of Bran Treatment On Rheology And Sensory Quality Of Whole Wheat Flat Bread, Jigyasha Mishra
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to study the differences in the quality of 100% whole wheat flour (WWF) when the bran fraction was subjected to mild solvent treatment before reconstitution with the endosperm. The bran treatments included water washing and washing with ethanol solutions (50% and 100%). WWF prepared with untreated bran served as the control. Effects of these treatments on particle size, chemical composition, color, dough rheology, product formulation, and sensory characteristics of 100% whole wheat flour were studied. Grains of five HRSW cultivars (Advance, Prevail, Select, Brick and Forefront) were milled using a Quadrumat Senior mill. Gluten …
Current Status Of Falcon Populations In Saudi Arabia, Albara M. Binothman
Current Status Of Falcon Populations In Saudi Arabia, Albara M. Binothman
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Falcons (Falco spp.) are widely used for falconry in the countries of the Middle East. During the 2015 breeding season, we surveyed historic and active nest sites of Barbary (Falco pelegrinoides pelegrinoides) and Lanner (F. biarmicus) Falcons in Saudi Arabia. Field and questionnaire surveys were conducted and personal contact with falconers was made to document the current distribution and price changes for Lanner Falcons, Barbary Falcons, Saker Falcons (F. cherrug), Peregrine Falcons (F. peregrinus), Gyrfalcons (F. rusticolus), and Hybrid Falcons in Saudi Arabia. We categorized our survey into three geographic groups; southwest (A), northwest (B), and central (C) regions of …
Monitoring Global Forest Land-Use And Change, Erik J. Lindquist
Monitoring Global Forest Land-Use And Change, Erik J. Lindquist
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Earth’s forests contain nearly three-fourths of the World’s floral and faunal diversity, function as a large carbon sink capable of mitigating the effects of global climate change, affect local and regional physical and chemical cycles and provide wood and non-wood products. However, humans are now capable of modifying their environment in ways more impactful and at rates faster than at any other time in history. Consistent and comparable estimates of global forest land-use and change are critical for monitoring human impacts on the Earth system. International treaties and reporting requirements aimed at safeguarding the delivery of forest-related ecosystem services depend …
Environmentally Benign Extraction Processes In Analytical Separation Of Essential Oils, John Kiratu
Environmentally Benign Extraction Processes In Analytical Separation Of Essential Oils, John Kiratu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technology has been well received as an environmentally friendly processing technique. Over the last two decades, its use in many processing industries has tremendously advanced. This is as a result of pressure from regulating bodies aimed at reducing the wide-scale use of organic solvents due to negative environmental impacts. Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) is considered to be environmentally benign and has been used in the development of a wide-range of alternative processes in various industries to totally or partially eliminate the use of organic solvents. Conventional processes for essential oil extraction involve steam distillation and organic …
Bioinformatics Investigation On The Role Of Obox Gene Family In Preimplantation Embryo Development, Wei Wang
Bioinformatics Investigation On The Role Of Obox Gene Family In Preimplantation Embryo Development, Wei Wang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Preimplantation embryo development (PED) refers to the period from fertilization to implantation in mammals. This complex process is critical for successful implantation and pregnancy. Although studies on PED have been conducted, using mainly the mouse as a model organism, the gene regulatory mechanisms are still not well understood. The next-generation sequencing technologies enable researchers to obtain the genome-wide expression profiling with single-cell resolution, which are powerful tools to study early embryogenesis. We used the single-cell RNA sequencing datasets that are available in the public domain and conducted bioinformatics analysis of expression profiling from zygote to blastocyst. Through hierarchical clustering of …
Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization, And Metabolic Profile Of Dairy Heifers Fed Diets High In Distillers Grains With Different Forage To Concentrate Ratios, Angela Kristia Manthey
Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization, And Metabolic Profile Of Dairy Heifers Fed Diets High In Distillers Grains With Different Forage To Concentrate Ratios, Angela Kristia Manthey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Two studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of limit-feeding heifers distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) with varying forage to concentrate ratios. The effects on growth, feed efficiency, rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, metabolic profile and onset of puberty, as well as post trial performance were investigated. First, a 16-wk feeding trial was conducted using 48 Holstein heifers to evaluate effects of dietary treatment on dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), growth performance, rumen fermentation, and nutrient digestibility. Treatments were 1) 30% DDGS, with the diet fed at 2.65% of body weight (BW) (30DG), 2) 40% DDGS, with the …
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program And Childcare, Kyle Kopplin
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program And Childcare, Kyle Kopplin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This paper attempts to analyze the effects of subsidized food dollars on the amount of daily childcare in households. More specifically, households in the low income category are of interest because they are the most likely to receive food subsidies. There has been a political debate recently in the United States which argues over the appropriate level of subsidies, if any. More importantly, food insecurity is an issue in the world; many do not know where will the next meal come from. This paper provides statistical evidence that food subsidies in the form of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) …
Implementation Of Solar Irradiance Forecasting Using Markov Switching Model And Energy Management System, Ayush Shakya
Implementation Of Solar Irradiance Forecasting Using Markov Switching Model And Energy Management System, Ayush Shakya
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Photovoltaic (PV) systems integration is increasingly being used to reduce fuel consumption in diesel-based remote microgrids. However, uncertainty and low correlation of PV power availability with load reduce the benefits of PV integration. These challenges can be handled by introducing reserve, which however leads to increased operational cost. Solar irradiance forecasting helps to reduce reserve requirement, thereby improving the utilization of PV energy. In this thesis, a new solar irradiance forecasting method for remote microgrids based on the Markov Switching Model (MSM) is presented. This method uses locally available data to predict one-day-ahead solar irradiance for scheduling energy resources in …
Response Of Soil And Water Quality To Winter Manure Application From Small Agricultural Watersheds In South Dakota, Shikha Singh
Response Of Soil And Water Quality To Winter Manure Application From Small Agricultural Watersheds In South Dakota, Shikha Singh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The extreme winter conditions prevailing in the state of South Dakota make it difficult for the livestock producers to manage the manure generated at the farm. The South Dakota Department of Environmental and Natural Resources does not recommend manure application in the state during the winter months when the ground is frozen. Thus, producers are left with the options such as storing the manure over a longer period until summer or spreading on snow or frozen ground. Storing manure for longer duration leads to increased risks of concentrated spills into the streams. Thus, it is important to develop management strategies …
Within And Without: Psychoanalysis, Trauma Theory, And The Healing Narrative, Carrie Crisman Oorlog
Within And Without: Psychoanalysis, Trauma Theory, And The Healing Narrative, Carrie Crisman Oorlog
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this collection, I explore the process of writing to heal from trauma. In exploring the rhetorical landscape of trauma writing, I offer a new framework for understanding how those who experience a traumatic event may use the process of writing creatively to engage in a process of healing. I argue that through the creation of art, individuals may take ownership of their experiences and memories, thus exerting the agency over the experience that was lost as the result of trauma. I also demonstrate and reflect upon my own journey in creating the healing narrative as a process of healing …
Optimization And Application Of Metabolomic Assays For Analyzing Diet-Induced And Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids In Mice And Humans, Robert M. Juenemann
Optimization And Application Of Metabolomic Assays For Analyzing Diet-Induced And Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids In Mice And Humans, Robert M. Juenemann
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Introduction: In recent decades, the obesity epidemic worldwide has prompted the need for research targeting disease prevention, treatment, and maintenance. Dietary interventions are one of the primary methods to instill positive nutrition habits into one’s lifestyle. Thus, resistant starch type 4 (RS4), a prebiotic dietary fiber, has been proposed to induce beneficial immunometabolic health outcomes. Currently there is a lack of knowledge on the health outcomes of RS4 in adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Goal: The goal of this research was to optimize a metabolomic assay to quantify fecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), a byproduct of microbial fermentation …
The Correlation Between Strength Levels Measured Through Dynamic Strength Exercises And The Incidence And Severity Of Injury Among Collegiate Athletes, Alex Jardine
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Injury to athletes in sport occurs as a result of extrinsic and intrinsic risk factors. Mounting evidence points toward decreased strength as a predictor of injury in athletes. By comparing strength levels in functional movement patterns to injury, the strength and conditioning professional will be able to design effective training programs to reduce the incidence of injury in sport better. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between strength measured through dynamic strength exercises (power clean, the squat, and the bench press) among collegiate athletes and the incidence and severity of injury. We hypothesized that greater incidence …
Soybean Yield And Plant Response To Phosphorus Fertilization, Rebecca L. Helget
Soybean Yield And Plant Response To Phosphorus Fertilization, Rebecca L. Helget
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Phosphorus (P) is a key limiting nutrient for soybean production in South Dakota. Soil tests have been used as a baseline indicator for plant available P and fertilizer recommendations for over a century. Plant nutrient analysis may be used to complement a soil test as a way to validate fertilizer and management practices. Soybean nutrient sufficiency ranges have only been slightly adjusted since they were published in the 1960’s. The objectives of this study were to update the soil test P and soybean plant P sufficiency level in South Dakota and to recognize implications of improper plant sampling. We also …
An Evaluation Of Rumen Modifiers For Lactational Performance And Nutrient Digestibility By Cows, Prakash Poudel
An Evaluation Of Rumen Modifiers For Lactational Performance And Nutrient Digestibility By Cows, Prakash Poudel
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Three studies were conducted to evaluate a commercial blend of essential oils, active dried yeast product and cobalt lactate on production performance, rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility by cows by using in vivo and in vitro methods. The first study evaluated the lactational performance and nutrient digestibility of lactating Holstein dairy cows fed two commercial supplements: 1) a propriety blend of essential oils and Cobalt lactate (EOC) (Stay Strong, Ralco, Inc., Marshall, MN) and 2) active dried yeast (ADY) (Omnigen AF, Prince Agri Products, Inc., Quincy, IL). The 12-week experiment demonstrated no differences in milk production, milk composition, and feed …
Mechanistic Studies Of The Structure-Photostability Relationship Of Organic Conjugated Polymers, Logan Paul Sanow
Mechanistic Studies Of The Structure-Photostability Relationship Of Organic Conjugated Polymers, Logan Paul Sanow
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organic Conjugated polymers (CPs) are a subject of intense research for their application in organic photovoltaics (OPVs), organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), solid-state dye lasing, biological imaging and sensing, chemical sensing and remote sensing. CPs are key materials in the quest for more sustainable forms of renewable energy, making electronics more versatile and light weight, and increasing the functionality of everyday materials. For these applications and others that use CPs as the photoactive material, one of their main drawbacks is their susceptibility to photodegradation. Photodegradation occurs when the material is exposed to light leading to irreversible changes in the materials, …
Role Of Silencing Rna Fgsir34 In Fusarium Graminearum's Pathogenicity To Wheat, Subha Dahal
Role Of Silencing Rna Fgsir34 In Fusarium Graminearum's Pathogenicity To Wheat, Subha Dahal
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Fusarium graminearum is an ascomycetous fungal pathogen that causes Fusarium head blight (FHB) disease in wheat and other cereal grains. Mycotoxin produced by the fungus, predominantly deoxynivalenol (DON), is considered as an important virulence factor for the spread of disease. Our previous study of a Dicer-like 2 knockdown mutant has led to our hypothesis that a silencing RNA, fgsiR34, might play a key role in regulating DON biosynthesis and some other virulent factors. To test this hypothesis, we generated an fgsiR34 over-expressing mutant (ΔfgsiR34+) using Inverse Repeat Transgene method and studied the pathogenicity of the mutant in …
Body Satisfaction And Ability To Identify Weight Status Of Preschool-Aged Children By Their Caregivers, Andrea Brown
Body Satisfaction And Ability To Identify Weight Status Of Preschool-Aged Children By Their Caregivers, Andrea Brown
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Rates of childhood obesity have been rising consistently across the nation and internationally. As a result, interventionists have been working to develop ways to combat this and have focused on interventions involving caregivers. Previous research indicates caregivers experience challenges in identifying obesity among their own children, which leads to barriers in addressing and reducing rates of obesity as caregivers remain unaware of any problems. The current study explored caregivers’ ability to correctly assign their child to the appropriate weight category and whether their ability was impacted by caregivers’ own weight status. Further, it also explored caregivers’ level of body satisfaction …
Assessing Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) In South Dakota And Identifying Drivers Of Assemblage Variation, Kaylee L. Faltys
Assessing Freshwater Mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) In South Dakota And Identifying Drivers Of Assemblage Variation, Kaylee L. Faltys
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Native freshwater mussels (Family: Unionidae) are among the most threatened groups of freshwater fauna on Earth. Approximately 35 species have gone extinct since the 1900s and 72% of remaining species are considered endangered, threatened, or species of special concern. Unionid research can begin by establishing species presence and distributions via surveys. Objectives for this study were to 1) implement the first comprehensive unionid survey for South Dakota to assess distribution, composition, and decline, 2) estimate assemblage density and determine local versus broad scale habitat drivers of assemblage variation, and 3) determine areas of unionid conservation priority in South Dakota. Mussels …
Developing Management Guidelines That Balance Cattle And Timber Production With Ecological Interests In The Black Hills Of South Dakota, Kurt M. Chowanski
Developing Management Guidelines That Balance Cattle And Timber Production With Ecological Interests In The Black Hills Of South Dakota, Kurt M. Chowanski
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Forested lands contribute to the United States (US) economy by providing livestock and timber production. Livestock grazing of forested lands has been widespread throughout the western US since the settlement era, and currently occurs on 51.4 million hectares (ha) representing 16% of all US grazing land and 22% of all US forested land (Nickerson et al. 2011). While livestock grazing and timber harvest are occurring on a substantial amount of forested land, relationships between management practices, tree stocking, timber production, forage production, livestock grazing, wildlife, aesthetics, and ecological integrity are not well documented. Whether considering timber or cattle, finding a …
Impacts Of Wetland Characteristics On Duck Use In The Prairie Pothole Region (Ppr) 1987-2013, Fred Thomas Oslund
Impacts Of Wetland Characteristics On Duck Use In The Prairie Pothole Region (Ppr) 1987-2013, Fred Thomas Oslund
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Since 1987 the Waterfowl Breeding Populations and Production Estimates, also called the Four Square Mile Survey, has been conducted annually in the U.S. Prairie Pothole Region. The survey was designed to assess the influence of the Small Wetlands Acquisition Program on contributions to continental waterfowl populations (Cowardin et al. 1995). Each year cooperators visit sample wetlands during two survey periods, collecting data on observed waterfowl and pond conditions. Along with ground counts, aerial photography of sample areas is collected annually, capturing habitat conditions. My objective was to assess the influence of local and landscape factors on duck pair densities. Local …
Root Rot Pathogens Of Wheat In South Dakota And Their Affect On Seed Germination And Seedling Blight In Spring Wheat Cultivars, Navjot Kaur
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Crown rot and common root rot are the important root diseases in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and other cereals causing significant germination and yield losses in the Northern Great Plains and other parts of the world. Bipolaris sorokiniana (Bs) and Fusarium graminearum (Fg) cause common root rot and crown rot respectively, are the important wheat root pathogens that can affect seed germination, seedling establishment and impact crop productivity. A survey was conducted in the year 2014 and 2015 to study the distribution and the prevalence of root rot pathogens in South Dakota. Out of 31 and eight roots samples …
Effects Of Ischemic Preconditioning On Exercise Economy, Gungeet Kaur
Effects Of Ischemic Preconditioning On Exercise Economy, Gungeet Kaur
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is the application of small bouts of ischemia followed by reperfusion. IPC has shown to enhance exercise performance in varied sports like 5K running, cycling and swimming. However, effect of ischemic preconditioning on running economy have not be investigated so far. We proposed that bilateral ischemic preconditioning will improve running economy in young healthy people. Methods: The study was a randomized single- blinded crossover study. Nineteen men and women were included in the study. Each participant underwent a sham and IPC trial using high pressure cuff (EC20 rapid cuff inflator, DE Hokanson, Inc.) followed by running economy …
Role Of Exopolymeric Substances In Biofilm Formation On Dairy Separation Membranes, Nuria Garcia-Fernandez
Role Of Exopolymeric Substances In Biofilm Formation On Dairy Separation Membranes, Nuria Garcia-Fernandez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In the concentration of cheese whey by membrane filtration processes, fouling is a major limiting factor that leads to flux decline and affects product quality. The growth of biofilms on membranes contributes to biofouling. Biofilms are very difficult to eliminate, and will serve as the seed for additional biofilm development and product contamination. The biofilm matrix is composed mainly of microbial exopolymeric substances (EPS), and therefore EPS is thought to help bacteria to adhere and form biofilms by acting as a cementing agent. The first research project under this study was conducted with the aim of elucidating the role of …
Senescence Of Native Perennial Warm Season Grasses Senescence Associated Switchgrass Transcriptome, Michaellong Tran
Senescence Of Native Perennial Warm Season Grasses Senescence Associated Switchgrass Transcriptome, Michaellong Tran
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Senescence of perennial crops enable continuous harvests after one sowing event. Perennials senesce at adapted rates of their native environments; however, early senescencing crops do not maximize the growing season as nutrient reallocation takes precedence. Chlorophyll degradation and nitrogen reallocation was observed to occur rapidly between mid to late September. Transcriptome analysis on early and late senescencing switchgrass cultivars reveals upregulation of starch metabolism, light reactions, Calvin-Benson Cycle, and anthocyanin synthesis in late senescencing switchgrass. Morphological variations between the two germplasms prolong the growing season of late senescencing switchgrass, maximizing yield. Expression of mRNA as senescence progresses and between the …
Protein And Fiber Fortification Of White Pan Bread Using Food-Grade Distiller’S Dried Grains, Ashley Adamski
Protein And Fiber Fortification Of White Pan Bread Using Food-Grade Distiller’S Dried Grains, Ashley Adamski
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Distiller’s dried grains (DDG) are a coproduct of ethanol production. DDG has been used historically as animal feed. However, in the past decade, ethanol production has dramatically increased causing a surplus of distiller’s grains and saturating the market. The use of DDG, which is high in both protein and fiber, to fortify baked goods is one option to reduce the excess of DDG while enhancing its economic value. The purpose of this study was first, to evaluate the washing process for DDG to make it food grade, and second to evaluate the effects of incorporation of food-grade DDG from two …
Fish Ladders Designed For Drop Culverts And Central Stoneroller Ecology Across A Latitudinal Gradient, John Arthur Lorenzen
Fish Ladders Designed For Drop Culverts And Central Stoneroller Ecology Across A Latitudinal Gradient, John Arthur Lorenzen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Stream connectivity is essential for the persistence of fish populations and maintenance of fish assemblage structure. Stream-road crossings can become barriers resulting in a loss of connectivity. Creating innovative tools for fisheries managers to allow fish passage through barrier stream-road crossings is important worldwide as climate change may force range shifts to stay within thermal requirements. Understanding how populations and metapopulations respond to climate is important as fisheries managers can use this information to make informed management decisions in regards to climate change and possible range shifts. Thus, we developed and tested a fish ladder to retrofit barrier stream-road crossings …
Characterization Of Small Non-Coding Rnas In The Seminal Plasma Of Beef Bulls With Predicted High And Low Fertility, Stephanie Perkins
Characterization Of Small Non-Coding Rnas In The Seminal Plasma Of Beef Bulls With Predicted High And Low Fertility, Stephanie Perkins
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of small non-coding RNAs (sRNA) that play a key role in regulating gene expression by binding to their complementary mRNA and altering translation. It has been reported that this down-regulation of specific areas of the genome plays a role in male fertility. Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are another class of germline-specific non-coding RNAs that form silencing complexes to maintain germline genome integrity. In bovine seminal plasma, piRNAs have not previously been characterized. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate a potential relationship between expression of these sRNAs and fertility in beef bulls and to …
Study Of The Effect Of Feeding Highly Digestible Corn Based Calf Starter On The Growth Performance Of Calves, Shruti Srivastava
Study Of The Effect Of Feeding Highly Digestible Corn Based Calf Starter On The Growth Performance Of Calves, Shruti Srivastava
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
New corn hybrids have been developed by Masters Choice (MC) that vary in energy density and starch digestibility. These MC hybrids have lower starch densities due to an altered starch structure, which allows for greater ruminal and intestinal starch digestion. The altered starch structure of these new hybrids results in reduced feed manufacturing costs (i.e., grinding). Thirty (30) 1 to 3 d old (40.6 ± 1.72 kg) Holstein heifer calves were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 calf starters to measure growth performance of Holstein heifer calves through 8 weeks of age. Treatments were: 1) Hard starch (HS) corn calf …