Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
File Type

Articles 5191 - 5220 of 15385

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

A Computational Approach To Predicting And Understanding New Psychoactive Substances (Nps) For Developing A Database For State And Federal Crime Laboratories, Caroline Amelia Spencer Jan 2019

A Computational Approach To Predicting And Understanding New Psychoactive Substances (Nps) For Developing A Database For State And Federal Crime Laboratories, Caroline Amelia Spencer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The object of this dissertation was to use a computational approach to predict and understand new psychoactive substances (NPS) to develop a database for state and federal crime. The primary scope of the dissertation was to better understand the interactions that take place between new psychoactive substances and their corresponding receptors. Through analysis of the interactions between the amino acids within the receptors and the NPS an understanding into the pharmacology and toxicology of these drugs can be gained. NPS such as synthetic cannabinoids fentanyl and its analogs and kratom have become more problematic for both state and federal crime …


Subverting The Patriarchal Panopticon: Challenges To Eugenics Rhetoric In The Novels Of Mccullers And Welty, Regina Marie Young Jan 2019

Subverting The Patriarchal Panopticon: Challenges To Eugenics Rhetoric In The Novels Of Mccullers And Welty, Regina Marie Young

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

My thesis takes into consideration the scope of eugenics ideologies and their influence on literature specifically two mid-twentieth century authors from the U.S. South Carson McCullers and Eudora Welty. I contend that both writers engage with eugenics rhetoric challenging and subverting the prevailing ideology of the day albeit in differing ways. McCullers and Welty address different facets of eugenics rhetoric in their novels— namely the nature of “defect” and the criteria for “fitness” for “citizenship.” This thesis interrogates the ways in which these writers develop rhetorical strategies for resisting eugenics ideologies in their respective novels Reflections in a Golden Eye …


Development Of Topical Oil/Peg Creams Of Voriconazole, Abhishek Shivashankar Shettar Jan 2019

Development Of Topical Oil/Peg Creams Of Voriconazole, Abhishek Shivashankar Shettar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Voriconazole (VRC) was selected as a model drug for preparation of Oil/PEG cream consisting of PEG 2000, PEG 400 and propylene glycol after performing drug-excipient compatibility studies. Twin screw processor with a 10 mm co-rotating twin screw configuration was used for preparation of oil/PEG creams. Creams prepared using twin-screw processor were characterized for the following: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), pH, Solvent activity (as)), viscosity, drug content uniformity, in vitro drug release testing (IVRT) and in vitro permeation testing (IVPT) using human cadaver skin. Creams are heterogenous biphasic semi-solid preparations consisting of oil and aqueous phases, wherein one phase is dispersed …


Implementing Mass Spectrometry For The Structural And Compositional Analysis Of Proteins, Mohammad Riaz Jan 2019

Implementing Mass Spectrometry For The Structural And Compositional Analysis Of Proteins, Mohammad Riaz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lectins are sugar-binding proteins that perform various biological functions such as cellular recognition attachments etc. Pulses the dried edible seeds of certain plants are great sources of lectins and a proteomics approach directed at lectins identification would bring substantial improvement in the lectin identification process. Lectins from nine different plant species were analyzed through SDS-PAGE and proteomics analysis. After LC-MS/MS analysis proteins were identified with protein database searches using Uniprot. Functionally uncharacterized proteins were identified with database searches were annotated with the Pfam and NCBI-CCD databases. In-vitro pharmacological screening will be carried out to assess the pharmacological effects of these …


The Efficacy And Feasibility Of Neuropsychological Services In A Primary Care Setting, Danielle Herring Jan 2019

The Efficacy And Feasibility Of Neuropsychological Services In A Primary Care Setting, Danielle Herring

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Integrated primary care assimilates psychologists into the primary care setting, thus improving health outcomes and physician satisfaction. Neuropsychology has also begun to assimilate into primary care, as neurocognitive impairment is a correlate of many medical disorders. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD), a common complaint among older adults, is an increasingly recognized warning sign of non-normative cognitive aging. These patients typically present first to their primary care providers who may play a critical role in the early detection of cognitive impairment. Given the growing awareness about cognitive health and disability, the importance of neuropsychological assessment as a standard component of integrated care …


The Relationship Of English Language Scores On International Students' Academic Success, Rebekah Shbeeb Jan 2019

The Relationship Of English Language Scores On International Students' Academic Success, Rebekah Shbeeb

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

International graduate students at the University of Central Florida (UCF) are not completing graduate programs at the same rate as domestic graduate students. One of the main differences in the admissions process for international graduate students compared to domestic students is the English language test requirement. The purpose of this study was twofold: to test if the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) or the (International English Language Testing System) IELTS scores have any statistically significant linear relationships to international graduate students' academic success as defined by their cumulative grade point average (CGPA). Secondly, this study sought to …


More Guns, Less Butter, And Officers At The Table: Understanding The Nexus Between The Military's Integration Into Politics And Resource Allocation In Democracies And Non-Democracies, Salah Ben Hammou Jan 2019

More Guns, Less Butter, And Officers At The Table: Understanding The Nexus Between The Military's Integration Into Politics And Resource Allocation In Democracies And Non-Democracies, Salah Ben Hammou

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The civilianization of government is often seen as a necessary prerequisite for successful democratization and healthy civil-military relations. This thesis explores the impact of integrating the military into political decision-making on the distribution of "guns" and "butter" – military spending and social spending - across dictatorships and democracies. Whereas a general consensus suggests that autocracies allocate greater goods to the military and fewer goods to the general public relative to democracies, an understudied variable is the military's integration into politics in both democracies and autocracies. Given that military elites have greater incentives relative to civilian elites to prioritize military spending …


A Mixed-Method Examination Of The Impact Of Academic, Social, And Personal-Emotional Adjustment On The English Performance Of Arabian Gulf Students Studying In American Intensive English Programs, Mais Flaieh Hasan Al Jabbawi Jan 2019

A Mixed-Method Examination Of The Impact Of Academic, Social, And Personal-Emotional Adjustment On The English Performance Of Arabian Gulf Students Studying In American Intensive English Programs, Mais Flaieh Hasan Al Jabbawi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The current study identifies and discusses the adjustment challenges facing Arabian Gulf Students (AGSs) that may affect their English performance (EP) in intensive English programs (IEPs) in the United States. The current study uses student departure theory to lead the theoretical framework and incorporates Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) and Social Integration Questionnaire (SIQ) to lead the methodology of this study. The mixed-method investigation with multi-location sampling examined 160 AGSs, enrolled full-time in different IEPs in the U.S. during the spring semester of 2019. The AGSs participants were from Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, the United Arab Emirates, …


Domestic Violence In Rural & Non-Rural Areas: A Study On The Influence Of Population Density On Arrest Rates In The State Of Florida, Kiara Gonzalez Cruz Jan 2019

Domestic Violence In Rural & Non-Rural Areas: A Study On The Influence Of Population Density On Arrest Rates In The State Of Florida, Kiara Gonzalez Cruz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Domestic violence (DV) is a global issue that can affect anyone regardless of what role they play in a family household. It does not discriminate by education, age, religion, etc. DV includes any type of violence or abuse that occurs within a domestic setting. For the purposes of this study, this content primarily focuses on intimate partner violence (IPV) as the main form of DV and is used interchangeably throughout the text. This study examines the influence of population density on arrest rates for DV and some factors behind the likelihood of arrests in urban and rural areas. The literature …


Business In The Estuary, Party In The Sea: Migration Patterns Of Striped Mullet (Mugil Cephalus) Within The Indian River Lagoon Complex, Olivia Myers Jan 2019

Business In The Estuary, Party In The Sea: Migration Patterns Of Striped Mullet (Mugil Cephalus) Within The Indian River Lagoon Complex, Olivia Myers

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Commercial and recreational environmental enterprises in the Indian River Lagoon (IRL), Florida supply nearly 10,000 jobs and produce $1.6 billion dollars a year in revenue. These waters contain iconic species of sportfish, including red drum, snook, and sea trout, as well as their lower trophic level prey such as snapper and mullet. Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) are both commercially valuable as well as an indicator species for overall ecosystem health. From September to December, mullet in the IRL undergo an annual migration from their inshore foraging habitats to oceanic spawning sites. However, their actual migratory pathways remain unknown. To address …


Hydrodynamic Limitations And The Effects Of Living Shoreline Stabilization On Mangrove Recruitment Along Florida Coastlines, Christian Pilato Jan 2019

Hydrodynamic Limitations And The Effects Of Living Shoreline Stabilization On Mangrove Recruitment Along Florida Coastlines, Christian Pilato

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The recruitment success of mangroves is influenced by a variety of factors, including propagule availability, desiccation, herbivory, and hydraulic habitat limitations. Hydrodynamic forces (waves and currents) act as obstacles to mangrove recruitment, restricting the successful colonization of mangrove species. We evaluated the biological and physical limitations to mangrove recruitment through monthly shoreline surveys and lateral pull-tests. Surveys followed mangroves from propagule release through recruitment along the shorelines of De Soto National Memorial (Bradenton, FL), capturing differences in propagule availability and recruitment along natural areas and across differing forms of shoreline stabilization ("living shorelines" and revetments). Propagule densities were highest along …


Analyzing Pre-Inhumation Breakage Ceramics At Lamanai, Belize: A Conjunctive Approach, Ryan Enger Jan 2019

Analyzing Pre-Inhumation Breakage Ceramics At Lamanai, Belize: A Conjunctive Approach, Ryan Enger

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

During the Terminal Classic period (9th-10th centuries A.D.), the ancient Maya at Lamanai, Belize, began to practice pre-inhumation breakage of ceramics in mortuary contexts. Previously, the custom had been to bury whole vessels with the deceased. This conspicuous shift in behavior suggests important changes in beliefs regarding the role of ceramics in death and interment at a pivotal moment in ancient Maya culture history. Despite this significant change, there has been no published research conducted specifically on these vessels. In fact, there has been no clearly delineated set of characteristics for what qualifies as a pre-inhumation breakage vessel (PBV). This …


Macrolinguistic Analysis Of Discourse Production In People With Aphasia, Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment, And Survivors Of Traumatic Brain Injury, Stephanie Eaton Jan 2019

Macrolinguistic Analysis Of Discourse Production In People With Aphasia, Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment, And Survivors Of Traumatic Brain Injury, Stephanie Eaton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the macrolinguistic features of three genres (single picture description, sequential picture description, and story retell) of discourse samples collected from participants with acquired communication disorders (including two speakers with aphasia, two with mild cognitive impairment, and two with traumatic brain injury) and unimpaired controls (n=6). Comparisons were made to investigate group and genre differences. Standardized assessment scores of cognitive and linguistic evaluations were collected and correlated to features of macrolinguistic discourse analysis. Participants with acquired communication disorders performed best on the story retell discourse task compared to single picture description and sequential picture description. Significant measures for …


Evaluating Pedagogical Methods That Influence Homework Assignment Completion, Kirk Sawyer Jan 2019

Evaluating Pedagogical Methods That Influence Homework Assignment Completion, Kirk Sawyer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

College students enrolled in an online introductory engineering course are not completing their homework assignments at an acceptable rate which impacts them, the instructor, and the college. This research study employed a quasi-experimental evaluation model to assess the effectiveness of two pedagogical methods designed to positively influence student homework completion rates and student attitudes toward homework. Despite evidence that grading penalties encourage students to submit their homework assignments, such strategies have historically been unsuccessful for the course used in this study. The researcher designed two pedagogical interventions, along with a survey instrument, to measure the impact of the interventions on …


A Survey Of Investing And Retirement Knowledge And Preferences Of Florida Preservice Teachers, Richard Thripp Jan 2019

A Survey Of Investing And Retirement Knowledge And Preferences Of Florida Preservice Teachers, Richard Thripp

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

New teachers are facing lower pay and less generous retirement benefits than the prior generation, yet their financial and retirement knowledge, concerns, and preferences have received little attention. To investigate these areas, the author developed a 39-item survey instrument and administered it to 314 preservice teachers in undergraduate teacher education courses at the University of Central Florida, who were primarily female elementary and early childhood education juniors and seniors ages 18–25. Florida public employees are offered an unusual choice between a traditional pension plan and a defined-contribution plan similar to a 401(k) in which they can select their own investments, …


The Aftermath: A Culturally Responsive Mathematical Intervention To Aid Students Affected By Natural Disasters, Brianna Kurtz Jan 2019

The Aftermath: A Culturally Responsive Mathematical Intervention To Aid Students Affected By Natural Disasters, Brianna Kurtz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

On September 20, 2017, Hurricane Maria struck the island of Puerto Rico. The damage was extensive, and many people found themselves to be natural disaster refugees. As a result, schools in Central Florida saw an influx of new students who had their educations interrupted by the disaster and now were resuming school in a new language of instruction. These students not only faced linguistic challenges but also academic differences due to the high prevalence of poverty and the effects of neocolonialism in their previous schooling. This mixed methods study implemented an intensive intervention in probability to aid students in developing …


Computational Imaging Systems For High-Speed, Adaptive Sensing Applications, Yangyang Sun Jan 2019

Computational Imaging Systems For High-Speed, Adaptive Sensing Applications, Yangyang Sun

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Driven by the advances in signal processing and ubiquitous availability of high-speed low-cost computing resources over the past decade, computational imaging has seen the growing interest. Improvements on spatial, temporal, and spectral resolutions have been made with novel designs of imaging systems and optimization methods. However, there are two limitations in computational imaging. 1), Computational imaging requires full knowledge and representation of the imaging system called the forward model to reconstruct the object of interest. This limits the applications in the systems with a parameterized unknown forward model such as range imaging systems. 2), the regularization in the optimization process …


Community Responses To Mass Casualty Events: A Mixed Method Approach, Jeffrey Payne Jan 2019

Community Responses To Mass Casualty Events: A Mixed Method Approach, Jeffrey Payne

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores how traits of a mass casualty event and community institutionalization affect how a community demonstrates solidarity after a mass casualty event. A systematic examination of mass casualty events along these lines has not been conducted before. Theoretically, individual helping behaviors like altruism help explain individual involvement in demonstrations of solidarity while solidarity and resilience help in explaining group behaviors. A typology is proposed that breaks up mass casualty events into four different types: terrorism, criminal, weather and accidents. These types of events make up the majority of non-war mass casualty events. Experimentally a sample of students is …


Acoustic Ecology And Sound Mapping The University Of Central Florida Main Campus, Robert Clarke Jan 2019

Acoustic Ecology And Sound Mapping The University Of Central Florida Main Campus, Robert Clarke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

"Acoustic Ecology and Sound Mapping the University of Central Florida Main Campus" explores the intersection of place and space, sound studies and acoustic ecology, visualization, and archives. The end result consists of a collection of "soundwalk" and stationary recordings conducted from 2016-2019 at the University of Central Florida (UCF) main campus in Orlando presented as an online Sound Map. This archive previously did not exist and provides a snapshot of the various sounds heard throughout the campus as well as a starting point and context for future research into this still-emerging field of acoustic ecology and sound studies. While the …


Utilizing Geographic Information Systems To Record And Analyze Osteoarthritis Data In Joints Of The Arm: A Methodology For Dry Bones, Adam Biernaski Jan 2019

Utilizing Geographic Information Systems To Record And Analyze Osteoarthritis Data In Joints Of The Arm: A Methodology For Dry Bones, Adam Biernaski

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common pathologies encountered in dry bone contexts. However, even with the wealth of publications on documenting the presence of OA from skeletons, these studies prove to be largely incomparable due to different scoring methodologies and procedures in calculating prevalence. The standardization of a new OA data collection procedure would mitigate variability in evaluating, scoring, and calculating the prevalence of OA, thus allowing accurate comparison between studies. However, this level of data collection has often been described as unwieldy and lacking concordance. This research outlines a new methodology that utilizes Geographic Information Systems (GIS) …


Determining Differential Effects Of Interleukin-2 On Innate And Adaptive Immune Cells In Lymphoid Organs And The Gastrointestinal Tract, Ayushi Singh Jan 2019

Determining Differential Effects Of Interleukin-2 On Innate And Adaptive Immune Cells In Lymphoid Organs And The Gastrointestinal Tract, Ayushi Singh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is a pleiotropic cytokine demonstrated to be effective in treating cancer. However, the clinical use of IL-2 can be associated with severe side effects including gastrointestinal toxicity (GT). Similar GT symptoms are observed in inflammatory diseases such as CD (CD). Interestingly mounting evidence indicates a role for IL-2 in CD, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Indeed, studies on the in-vivo activities of IL-2 have mostly focused on secondary lymphoid organs and immune cells associated with them. Very few studies have addressed how IL-2 signals impact populations of immune cells in the gut. Here, we aim to identify …


Partnering With Paraprofessionals: Expanding Preschool Children's Responses Through Dialogic Reading, Juliana Hirn Jan 2019

Partnering With Paraprofessionals: Expanding Preschool Children's Responses Through Dialogic Reading, Juliana Hirn

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Shared interactive reading is an evidence-based practice where professionals can collaborate to promote literacy and language skills in young children. Providing children with developmental disabilities (DD) the opportunity to gain language and preliteracy skills in early intervention is critical for their development as they are at a higher risk for falling behind in academics compared to their age-matched peers. This study evaluated the effectiveness of dialogic reading (DR) for children with DD. DR has been shown to be an effective strategy to teach typically developing preschool-aged children vocabulary, language, and literacy skills, however research in children with DD is limited. …


Repro, But Make It Fashion: Discourses On Sex, Sexuality, And Reproduction In Teen Vogue Magazine, Estefany Londono Jan 2019

Repro, But Make It Fashion: Discourses On Sex, Sexuality, And Reproduction In Teen Vogue Magazine, Estefany Londono

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

There are many possible sources for youth to become educated about sexuality and reproduction, however the media are cited as particularly powerful and prominent sources of information (Jaworski, 2009). Particularly in an era in which abstinence-only messaging dominates sex education, media become a source to which young people turn and where they receive much of their sex-based messaging. Due to backlash over problematic content that perpetuates gender stereotypes and relays harmful messages about sex and sexuality, some magazines, including Teen Vogue, have attempted to shift towards more feminist-minded content (Keller, 2011, Milkie, 2002). This study is a qualitative critical feminist …


Mapping Addiction: A Digital Psychogeographic Approach To America's Addiction Epidemic, Clayton Benjamin Jan 2019

Mapping Addiction: A Digital Psychogeographic Approach To America's Addiction Epidemic, Clayton Benjamin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Focusing on policy consultation, my dissertation consults on the current US addiction epidemic and aims to answer, "What is our disposition to addiction?" Borrowing and clarifying Ulmer's MEmorial method, as established in his text Electronic Monuments, the dissertation combines the ancient Greek practice of theoria, Deleuzian theory, and psychogeographic counter-mapping methods to trace ways in which ideological apparatuses construct addiction. The aim of the dissertation is to reveal an abject value by constructing MEmorials which provide space for individuals to mourn loss and see their relation to that loss. Through mourning, individuals strengthen their ties to other community members and …


Towards Constructing A Comprehensive Framework Of Smart Destinations, Ekaterina Sorokina Jan 2019

Towards Constructing A Comprehensive Framework Of Smart Destinations, Ekaterina Sorokina

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Smart initiatives are gaining popularity from the development of smart homes and smart communities to the emergence of smart cities all around the world. Smart technologies like AI-powered digital assistants are becoming more widespread within the tourism industry, giving rise to the concept of smart destinations. Despite the growing awareness, the theoretical and practical knowledge of smart destinations remains fragmented and mostly speculative. The primary objectives of this research study are: 1) to develop a comprehensive framework of smart destinations through multiple case studies of the emerging smart destinations and interviews with the industry stakeholders, and 2) to construct and …


Stable, Highly Luminescent Perovskite-Polymer Composites For Photonics Applications, Juan He Jan 2019

Stable, Highly Luminescent Perovskite-Polymer Composites For Photonics Applications, Juan He

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Metal halide perovskites (simplified as perovskites as below), particularly those in nanocrystal forms, have recently emerged as highly efficient, bandgap tunable photonics materials that can be easily solution processed at low cost for display, lighting or other energy conversion applications. However, the quick degradation of perovskite nanocrystals under external stresses or upon colloidal aggregations has been a major challenge for most applications where high reliability is normally required. In this thesis, we have explored a polymer swelling-deswelling microencapsulation (SDM) process that enables the dispersion, in-situ crystallization and subsequent surface passivation of perovskite nanocrystals in polymer matrices, and leads to ultrastable …


Synthesis And Bioevaluation Of Methionine Depletion Agents, Houssine Ikhlef Jan 2019

Synthesis And Bioevaluation Of Methionine Depletion Agents, Houssine Ikhlef

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The native polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine) are low molecular weight amines that exist as polycations at physiological pH. These polycations interact with DNA, RNA, and influence many cellular processes. Intracellular polyamine levels are maintained via a balance of polyamine biosynthesis, catabolism, and transport. Ornithine, an amino acid obtained from L-arginine, is decarboxylated by ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) to form putrescine. The biosynthesis of the higher polyamines, spermidine and spermine, requires the addition of an amino-propyl group donated by decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine (dc-SAM), which itself is derived from the amino acid L-methionine (Met). Tumor cells are heavily reliant on methionine because it …


How Political Violence Helps Explain Organized Crime: A Case Study Of Mexico's "War On Drugs", Alanna Fulk Jan 2019

How Political Violence Helps Explain Organized Crime: A Case Study Of Mexico's "War On Drugs", Alanna Fulk

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines research from the disciplines of political science and criminal justice to develop a theory that explains geographic variation in violence related to organized crime. Large-scale organized crime violence exhibits characteristics of both ordinary crime violence and political violence, but these subjects are generally analyzed separately. However, as large-scale organized crime has become more prevalent and violent in recent years, most notably in Latin America, studies, including this one, have attempted to cross disciplinary boundaries in order to better explain trends in organized crime onset, termination and violence. This thesis argues that although the overall goal of organized …


Government Respect For Human Rights And Their Relation To Shadow Economic Activity, Christopher Gahagan Jan 2019

Government Respect For Human Rights And Their Relation To Shadow Economic Activity, Christopher Gahagan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Shadow economic activity can have detrimental effects on many aspects of a society including trust in government policies, quality of public institutions, government revenues, and economic growth. Empirical studies have generally employed a rational actor approach and focused on economic factors. Most studies in this literature claim that when individuals do not receive the right economic stimuli from the government, it damages the relationship between individuals and the state and citizens opt to move into the shadow economy. A small but growing body of research, however, suggests that certain political factors can also lead to shadow economic activity because of …


Power To The People: Responsible Facilitation In Co-Creative Story-Making, Amanda Hill Jan 2019

Power To The People: Responsible Facilitation In Co-Creative Story-Making, Amanda Hill

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Power to the People: Responsible Facilitation in Co-Creative Story-Making describes and applies a tool for recording and analyzing the co-productive creation process of digital storytelling (DST) workshops to be used by project facilitators for the purposes of reflection and for developing an ethics of responsibly in story-making practices. It provides a method for analyzing digital storytelling practices that focuses on the rhetorical, dialogic, co-productive, creative story-making space rather than the finished stories or the technologies. Looking through a new media lens, this dissertation aligns the DST genre and practice in relation to alternative media broadly, and tactical media specifically, to …