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New Bayesian Methods For Longitudinal Data Analysis With Complex Dependence Structures., Anish Mukherjee
New Bayesian Methods For Longitudinal Data Analysis With Complex Dependence Structures., Anish Mukherjee
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Longitudinal data in real-world settings are frequently found to be heterogeneous and exhibit intricate spatio-temporal dependence structures. Analyzing such complex data to obtain reliable estimation while quantifying uncertainty necessitates using sophisticated Bayesian methodology. In this work, we present novel Bayesian methods developed to address these challenges. We often observe heterogeneity in longitudinal data, where the mean and variance for certain profiles meaningfully differs from the rest. Some profiles may also exhibit outliers at a limited number of measurements. Using a standard mixed effects model, which assumes homogeneity, can lead to overestimating the residual variance and inefficient estimation. In this work, …
“Nothing Can Prepare You For It”: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Of The Lived Experiences, Well-Being, And Relational Connections Of First-Time Mothers Navigating Intensive Mothering Ideals And Expectations., Mona A. Dajani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Becoming a mother is a life-changing experience that alters how mothers view and experience their emotional, familial, occupational, and relational worlds. As mothering stories tend to be underrepresented and largely absent from the field of social work, this qualitative study utilized Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to center the voices of eleven first-time mothers navigating a culture of intensive mothering ideals and expectations. As a result, the main research questions of this study are: 1) What are the lived experiences of mothers navigating a culture with deep-rooted intensive mothering expectations and ideals? 2) How is well-being experienced and described in the …
The Ten Commandments Goes Hollywood: A Century's Film Adaptations Of The Moses Narrative As Reflections Of American Culture., Aaron Nusz
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation examines the various film adaptions that the American Hollywood has released about the Biblical character Moses. The scope of this examination is limited to theatrical releases from Hollywood in English, which spans roughly 100 years of history. Each of the five films examined in this dissertation represents a different period in American culture, and all are from a different film genre. Starting with The Ten Commandments (1923) which represents the silent-film era of Hollywood, to the 2014 blockbuster Exodus: Gods and Kings, the film industry has continued to produced films which examine the life and deeds of Moses …
Building A Future Of "Vision, Passion, And Possibilities" In Eastern Kentucky: How Veteran Educators Understand And Suggest Improving Teacher Retention., Robert Brian Collins Jr.
Building A Future Of "Vision, Passion, And Possibilities" In Eastern Kentucky: How Veteran Educators Understand And Suggest Improving Teacher Retention., Robert Brian Collins Jr.
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This qualitative study investigates the root causes of teacher attrition, retention, and turnover in Eastern Kentucky through the perceptions and lived experiences of highquality veteran educators—those who have persisted in the profession for five or more years. Grounded in participatory action research, asset-based community development, and future-creating methodologies, the study centers the voices of experienced teachers not only as subjects of inquiry but as co-constructors of knowledge and potential solutions. Drawing on empathy interviews with educators across Eastern Kentucky districts, the research identifies core tensions contributing to attrition, including policy misalignment, lack of autonomy, and emotional exhaustion. Simultaneously, it illuminates …
Black Women Under The White Gaze: Resistance From Enslavement To Incarceration And Reentry., Barbie C. Parker
Black Women Under The White Gaze: Resistance From Enslavement To Incarceration And Reentry., Barbie C. Parker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Black women in the United States who are currently incarcerated or have previously served time in prison have a particular need for protection as they move through the criminal “injustice” system because they frequently act as the primary caregivers for their families. Consequently, Black female convicts have historically had to create their social networks inside and outside carceral spaces as a form of resistance to white supremacist ideologies and as a site of protection. By highlighting Black women’s history of enslavement and incarceration, the different forms of resistance, and centering their narratives, we can paint a more complex picture of …
Volatile Organic Compounds And Their Relation To Sympathetic Activation And Autonomic Balance In Humans., Cameron Kyle Stopforth
Volatile Organic Compounds And Their Relation To Sympathetic Activation And Autonomic Balance In Humans., Cameron Kyle Stopforth
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a multifaceted pathology that affects almost half of Americans ≥20 years old. One modifiable risk factor associated with CVD is air pollution exposure. The intricacy of air pollution exposure and CVD can make it difficult to elucidate on the multitude of mechanisms underpinning these associations. In this dissertation, we selected a relevant exposure (i.e., volatile organic compounds (VOC)) and an intermediate outcome (i.e., autonomic balance) that may represent one of these pertinent mechanisms. We tested the central hypothesis that higher VOC exposures would lead to increased sympathetic activation and autonomic imbalance. Aim 1 (Chapter III …
Investigating Factors That Influence Rural Student Degree Attainment At Urban Institutions., Kevin Kelleher Buckley
Investigating Factors That Influence Rural Student Degree Attainment At Urban Institutions., Kevin Kelleher Buckley
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Decades of research have shown that rural students attend college at rates lower than their non-rural peers. When they do attend college, they tend to stay closer to home. Considering that over two-thirds of higher education institutions in the United States are in urban areas, this presents two challenges—rural students limit their options for where to attend college, and urban institutions face difficulty attracting and retaining rural students. Very little quantitative research is available that explains what may make a rural student more likely to be successful at an urban institution or if the geographic origin of a student plays …
The Effects Of Ethanol And Tributyrin On Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis In 3×Tg-Ad Mice., Lucy June Sloan
The Effects Of Ethanol And Tributyrin On Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis In 3×Tg-Ad Mice., Lucy June Sloan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a complex progressive neurodegenerative dementia with clinical hallmarks of amyloid-β plaques, hyper-phosphorylated tau in neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and neurodegeneration. Chronic, excessive alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk for developing AD and other dementias. Both AD and chronic alcohol consumption are associated with dysbiosis in the gut microbiome (GM) characterized by a significant loss of beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria within the Firmicutes phylum. Previous studies demonstrate that chronic alcohol consumption accelerates AD pathogenesis in the 3×Tg-AD mouse model and that oral tributyrin (TB) supplementation in 3×Tg-AD mice reduces age-associated GM dysbiosis and AD-associated neurobehavioral deficits and …
Advancing Speech Intelligibility Assessment: Comparing School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists, Laypersons, And Speech Recognition Software., Hannah Stewart
Advancing Speech Intelligibility Assessment: Comparing School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists, Laypersons, And Speech Recognition Software., Hannah Stewart
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This non-experimental study utilized a convenience sample (N = 86) to investigate the comparability of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs), laypersons, and speech recognition software in the assessment of speech intelligibility for children with phonological disorders. Eighty-nine percent of participants were female, and 92% were white. All participants completed a survey comprised of 25 audio recordings of single-word utterances from an AI-generated voice of a four-year-old male with a phonological disorder and were asked to select what word they believed was heard from a pool of 12 options. The survey also included a passage read by the same AI-generated voice, and …
Applying Residence Time Distribution Theory To Coronary Thermodilution Curves., Jacob Michael Miller
Applying Residence Time Distribution Theory To Coronary Thermodilution Curves., Jacob Michael Miller
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death worldwide and coronary microvascular dysfunction is one cardiovascular disease which is particularly challenging to diagnose and treat. Coronary thermodilution is a widely used, invasive procedure to evaluate microvascular function by generating physiological indices such as coronary flow reserve and the index of microvascular resistance. Although commonly cited as an indicator dilution method in the cardiovascular literature, current coronary thermodilution techniques lack rigorous application of the accompanying mathematical framework, thereby leaving potentially valuable diagnostic information unexploited. This study bridges that gap by demonstrating the equivalence between indicator-dilution theory and residence time distribution theory …
An Automatic Colorectal Polyps Detection Approach For Ct Colonography., Mohamed Yousuf
An Automatic Colorectal Polyps Detection Approach For Ct Colonography., Mohamed Yousuf
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is a significant health concern, with increasing incidence rates, particularly among individuals under 50. This rise has led experts to recommend the introduction of regular screenings at 45 years of age for adults at average risk. Early detection through such screenings can identify precancerous polyps, allowing their removal before they develop into cancer. This proactive approach has the potential to reduce colorectal cancer deaths by up to 60%. In addition, research indicates that people diagnosed before age 50 have better survival rates, which emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis. Therefore, adhering to recommended …
Predicting Confidence In Performing Mental Health Actions Among Allied Professionals., Jean Marie Zelenko
Predicting Confidence In Performing Mental Health Actions Among Allied Professionals., Jean Marie Zelenko
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
One in five young people before the age of 25 exhibit onset of symptoms of an emotional or behavioral disorder (Kessler et al., 2005). Up to 80% of depressed youth do not receive services (Kataoka, 2002) and less than 50% of the time youth seek help for suicidal ideation and/or self-harm (Michelmore & Hindley, 2012). This high prevalence of mental health distress and low frequency of help-seeking among youth require examination of factors influencing youths’ likelihood of seeking help. One factor that increases the likelihood of help-seeking is encouragement from others to seek mental health services (Cusack et al., 2004). …
The Impact Of Consensus Decision Making On Creating Conditions For Psychological Safety In Sbdm Councils., Rachel Ann Klein
The Impact Of Consensus Decision Making On Creating Conditions For Psychological Safety In Sbdm Councils., Rachel Ann Klein
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study reflects an examination of the forces and factors that impact effective decision-making on a Site-Based Decision Making council (SBDM) in Kentucky. It explores the relationship between consensus decision-making, the leader of a school, and the stakeholders who sit on an SBDM council as it relates to members’ feelings of inclusion, value, and belonging. A qualitative case study was designed to capture observational data gathered during SBDM meetings, as well as data gathered during member interviews. This data was analyzed through a relativist theoretical lens, which revealed that when open, trusting relationships are established among council members, decision-making flourishes. …
Black Childhood In Focus: Counter-Histories Of Black Urban Childhood In Preserve The Baltimore Uprising, A 21st Century Digital Participatory Archive., Ameena Basheera X Ruffin
Black Childhood In Focus: Counter-Histories Of Black Urban Childhood In Preserve The Baltimore Uprising, A 21st Century Digital Participatory Archive., Ameena Basheera X Ruffin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study examines the (mis)representation of Black urban childhood in the United States and proposes a framework for Black children’s inclusion in historical narratives. Black children have been excluded from constructs of childhood innocence, justifying violence against Black children and perpetuating anti-Black social hierarchies. This study builds on the work of Saidiya Hartman, advocating for a critical approach to studying, archiving, and understanding Black childhood through the lenses of region, race, age, and gender. Using the participatory digital archive Preserve the Baltimore Uprising as a case study, the research explores Black children’s presence and contributions during the 2015 Baltimore Uprising. …
A Black Sherlock Holmes: An Exploration Of Nonconforming Characterization., Faith Janaye Artis
A Black Sherlock Holmes: An Exploration Of Nonconforming Characterization., Faith Janaye Artis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In the wake of diversity initiatives in the greater American theatre landscape, we are now including more Black actors than ever. Whether that be through the inclusion of diverse playwrights or implementing new casting protocols, we now have Black people in the room. However, when portraying the Black “version” of a character (i.e. Black Annie, Black Ariel, Black Juliet) a question still plagues the Black Actor’s mind: how am I meant to fit here? I evaluate my process of portraying Sherlock Holmes as my thesis role. By challenging the implied white perspective in this “universal” story (despite its feminist retelling), …
Creating New Points Of Access: How Integrating Black Acting Methods Strengthens The Western Theatre Canon., Darrin Edward Dispenza-Mosley
Creating New Points Of Access: How Integrating Black Acting Methods Strengthens The Western Theatre Canon., Darrin Edward Dispenza-Mosley
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Western acting techniques have historically disregarded the contributions and techniques of black and non-Western performance to the detriment of black actors. This disregard has created barriers for black actors when engaging in what has now become standard theatre training. This training is enforced by implementation of acting techniques in academia that favor codified techniques of Eurocentric acting. Despite black acting techniques being codified and taught within the black community and academia, outside of a few historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs), predominately white academia has implemented valuable training methods that black/African American Acting techniques can offer. By looking at American …
Biomechanical Assessment Of Fracture Risk In Young Children With Healthy Bone And Osteogenesis Imperfecta., Keyonna Mckinsey
Biomechanical Assessment Of Fracture Risk In Young Children With Healthy Bone And Osteogenesis Imperfecta., Keyonna Mckinsey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a group of genetic bone disorders that can range from a mild increase in fractures in one’s lifetime to perinatally lethal. Biomechanical assessment via finite element analysis (FEA) can be used to provide subject specific evaluation of fracture risk and thus aid in furthering understanding of likelihood of fracture due to loading associated with common daily activities. Thus, the purpose of this dissertation research was to characterize the risk of femur fracture in young children with OI compared to that of healthy children when exposed to loading associated with common activities, specifically gait. To accomplish this, …
Bayesian Model Updating Of Structural Parameters Using Temperature Variation Data., Ujjwal Adhikari
Bayesian Model Updating Of Structural Parameters Using Temperature Variation Data., Ujjwal Adhikari
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Physical digital twins have now emerged as a technology in structural health monitoring and other domains of structural modeling. A Finite Element Model can be a tool for digital twin technology in conjunction with measured physical data. Developing an accurate digital model requires the integration of various parameters to replicate the real structure; however, temperature is dynamically changing, resulting in difficulty in the identification of structural parameters. Typically, temperature is considered noise or filtered out. Limited research has addressed the physics-based model using temperature variation related to structural modal properties. Finite Element Model Updating (FEMU) is a typical inverse problem-solving …
Mechanisms Of Particulate Hexavalent Chromium-Induced Inhibition Of Homologous Recombination Repair: Targeting The Bcdx2 Complex Considered Through A One Health Perspective., Aggie W. Brownell
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer death, often linked to smoking. However, smoking alone does not account for all cases. Exposure to environmental metals like hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] also contributes to lung cancer. Cr(VI) causes lung cancer by inducing chromosome instability (CIN), an early hallmark of its carcinogenic mechanism. While it has been established that Cr(VI) induces chromosome instability, the precise mechanisms underlying the chromosome instability are poorly understood. This dissertation investigates the mechanisms of carcinogenesis associated with zinc chromate, a particularly potent particulate form of hexavalent chromium. Studies show Cr(VI) induces DNA double-strand breaks and impairs the …
Light Without Memory., John Day
Light Without Memory., John Day
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This collective work and thesis sought to remedy a fragmented sense of self in the wake of addressing trauma (Personal and generational) through therapy and diagnosis. Visualizing the experience of isolation and loss through deterioration of gelatin and pixels, it exposes the fragility of memory and our tools of preservation in the presence of time. While the images of my family, past and present, cannot speak, they can activate memory evoking a desire to foster relationships with those closest to us. As I explore my identity through family photographs, I find myself embodied within them. Fragments of a whole, bound …
Integration Of Multi-Omics Datasets Evaluating Structural And Functional Features Of The Gut Microbiome In People With Hiv (Pwh)., Aakarsha Vijayakumar Rao
Integration Of Multi-Omics Datasets Evaluating Structural And Functional Features Of The Gut Microbiome In People With Hiv (Pwh)., Aakarsha Vijayakumar Rao
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Gut dysbiosis characterized by reduced abundance of beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria has been independently linked to HIV-1 infection and heavy alcohol drinking. Further, gut dysbiosis results in loss of gut barrier integrity, microbial translocation and host-specific systemic inflammation. Therefore, to evaluate the functional consequences of structural changes in the gut microbiome, integrated data analysis is imperative. In this dissertation, we perform integrated analyses using data from multi-omics platforms to examine the structural and functional features of the gut microbiome of PWH. Gut microbiome composition was evaluated by sequencing V4 region of 16S rDNA, concentrations of metabolites and host-specific immune markers were …
Thin-Film Optical Filters For Selective Transmission And Black-Body Reflection In Pyroelectric Energy Systems., Cedric Cruz Silva
Thin-Film Optical Filters For Selective Transmission And Black-Body Reflection In Pyroelectric Energy Systems., Cedric Cruz Silva
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Essential to pyroelectric energy systems is the ability for a pyroelectric material to achieve high temperatures rapidly. In pursuit of augmenting this process, several thin-film optical filters were designed for transmitting laser excitation in the near-infrared region, while simultaneously reflecting black-body radiation for pyroelectric materials. Designs include a classical Fabry-Perot structure with gold and tantalum pentoxide, an induced transmittance filter with silica, hafnia, and gold, and an indium-tin-oxide filter with silica, alumina, and ITO. Performance varies depending on the design. The Fabry-Perot filter experimentally showed a maximum transmittance of 42% at 1.04 μm and an infrared reflectance of 98%. The …
Temperament And Screen Time Into Adulthood, Kareem Barbis
Temperament And Screen Time Into Adulthood, Kareem Barbis
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The possible correlation between language skills, temperament, and screen time in adulthood is understudied. It was hypothesized that high effortful control scores and low childhood screentime would corelate with higher cognitive reflection scores and higher language skills. Using a correlational design, 162 participants were studied (M age = 19.17 years old, 80% female, 86% White, 6% Hispanic). Participants completed an adapted version of the Adult Temperament Questionnaire (Evans & Rothbart, 2007), Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT; Fredrick, 2005), the Cognitive Reflection Test 2 (CRT-2; Thompson & Oppenheimer, 2016), Thompson & Oppenheimer, 2016), a childhood screen time questionnaire, a bilingualism questionnaire, and …
Flow Field Surrounding Bluegill (Lepomis Macrochirus) During Suction-Feeding, Jensine Caroline Coggin
Flow Field Surrounding Bluegill (Lepomis Macrochirus) During Suction-Feeding, Jensine Caroline Coggin
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Suction-feeding is a common method for capturing prey by aquatic organisms and contributed to the diversification of fishes by enabling them to consume a wide range of prey. Suction-feeding is a complex fish-fluid interaction governed by various hydrodynamic forces: inertia, unsteady, viscous, and pressure gradients. These forces are described by the coupling between the flow physics equations (Navier-Stokes) and the dynamic behavior of the fish (motion and forces). However, the distribution of the pressure field that drives this process, and the extent to which suction-feeding is three-dimensional, remain underexplored. I estimated the pressure within the flow field surrounding the mouth …
Leveraging Ai For Enhanced Multimedia Content Creation: College Students’ Perception On The Innovation, Georgina Amankwa
Leveraging Ai For Enhanced Multimedia Content Creation: College Students’ Perception On The Innovation, Georgina Amankwa
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized multimedia content creation, enhancing efficiency and personalization. However, this rapid evolution has raised concerns about originality and ethical responsibility. This study explored college students’ perceptions of AI in content creation and its implications. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research combined surveys and qualitative insights to analyze how students engaged with AI tools. Findings revealed that while AI streamlined workflows, improved content quality, and boosted audience engagement, concerns about authenticity, intellectual property, and the diminishing role of human creativity persisted. Statistical analyses showed a strong correlation between frequent AI use and perceived benefits, yet ethical dilemmas …
A Causal Model Of Performance Shaping Factors For Human Reliability Analysis In Manufacturing., Prameet Ranjan Jha
A Causal Model Of Performance Shaping Factors For Human Reliability Analysis In Manufacturing., Prameet Ranjan Jha
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Human reliability analysis is a critical component of probabilistic risk assessment, aimed at predicting and mitigating human errors in complex systems. This dissertation develops a novel approach to human reliability analysis in manufacturing by integrating structural equation modeling and Bayesian networks to improve the estimation of human error probabilities. Traditional human reliability assessment methods, such as the Standardized Plant Analysis Risk-Human Reliability Analysis (SPAR-H) and the Technique for Human Error Rate Prediction (THERP), provide structured techniques for estimating human error probabilities. However, these methods often fail to capture the complex interdependencies among performance shaping factors (PSFs), limiting their applicability in …
Evaluating The Relationship Between Musical Sophistication And Melodic And Harmonic Expectations., Anya Elizabeth Shorey-Smith
Evaluating The Relationship Between Musical Sophistication And Melodic And Harmonic Expectations., Anya Elizabeth Shorey-Smith
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Expectations help us navigate our environment, especially in familiar contexts. Western tonal music offers one such context where expectations are at play. While implicit musical expectations occur in listeners without musical training, musical training can sharpen expectations. Two primary open questions are investigated here. First, explicit pitch-based expectations for less musical participants have been relatively neglected. Second, general musicality and formal musical training have not been well separated in previous research, making it difficult to understand if sharpening of expectations is associated with training itself or with broader musical interactions. Experiments 1 and 2 adapted an explicit music production task …
Emotion Regulation, Reasoning, And Procedural Safeguards In Politically-Polarized Moral Dilemmas., Alanea Graci
Emotion Regulation, Reasoning, And Procedural Safeguards In Politically-Polarized Moral Dilemmas., Alanea Graci
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Societal disputes often stem from polarized moral dilemmas. Procedural justice and self-determination (PJSD) afforded by societal decision-making processes may influence cooperation and acceptance in these dilemmas. However, moral conviction can sometimes overshadow PJSD, causing morally-opposed individuals to avoid deliberation, become uncooperative, or reject decision outcomes. I conducted two experiments to explore the role emotions (emotion regulation) and procedural safeguards for democratic deliberation (e.g., equal discussion time, rules for civility) play in these situations. I examined the topic of abortion in the U.S. after the Supreme Court’s June 2022 reversal of Roe v. Wade. Undergraduates at a large, urban Midwestern university …
Nonlinear Power Function Model Changepoint Detection., Jacob Steven Townson
Nonlinear Power Function Model Changepoint Detection., Jacob Steven Townson
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Most work surrounding changepoint analysis focuses on linear models. This dissertation explores changepoint detection in nonlinear power function models, specifically focusing on models where the constant multiplier and power are the parameters to be estimated in addition to the changepoint parameter. The study assumes an asymptotic framework as the number of observations approaches infinity. The study explores various model fitting algorithms, and decides to employ the Newton-Raphson method for parameter estimation, with a custom implementation developed to optimize the process. The research first establishes the strong consistency of estimators for the model without a changepoint. Building on this result, consistency …
Sex-Based Differences In Osteoarthritis In Early Medieval Spain: A Case Study From Visigoth And Carolingian Period Terrassa., Jordan Chatellier
Sex-Based Differences In Osteoarthritis In Early Medieval Spain: A Case Study From Visigoth And Carolingian Period Terrassa., Jordan Chatellier
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Beginning in 1995, individuals from the Sant Pere church complex in Terrassa, Spain were exhumed. Using 21 biological females and 32 biological males collectively between the Visigoth (5th – 8th centuries) and Carolingian (9th – 11th centuries) periods from this collection, this research examined the difference in osteoarthritis between estimated phenotypic sexes. For osteoarthritis to be present, an individual needed to meet one of two criteria: 1. two or more of the following was present: macroporosity, sclerotic bone, joint deformation, and marginal osteophytes, or 2. eburnation had occurred. Through employing embodiment theory, along with gender and …