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Development And Evaluation Of A Calibration Free Exhaustive Coulometric Detection System For Remote Sensing., Thomas James Roussel May 2014

Development And Evaluation Of A Calibration Free Exhaustive Coulometric Detection System For Remote Sensing., Thomas James Roussel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Most quantitative analytical measurement techniques require calibration to correlate signal with the quantity of analyte. The purpose of this study was to employ exhaustive coulometry, an implementation of coulometric analysis in a stopped-flow, fixed-volume, thin-layer cell, to attain calibration-free measurements that would directly benefit intervention-free analysis systems designed for remote deployment. This technique capitalizes on the short diffusion lengths (< 100 µm) to dramatically reduce the time for analysis (< 30 sec). For this work, a thin-layer fluidic cell was designed in software, fabricated via CNC machining, and evaluated using Ferri/Ferrocyanide {Fe(CN)63-/4-} as a model analyte. The 2 µL fixed volume incorporated an oval, 8mm by 4 mm, thin-film gold electrode sensor with an integrated Ag|AgCl pseudo-reference electrode. The flow cell area matched the shape of the sensor, with a volume set by the thickness of a laser-cut silicone rubber gasket (~80 µm). A semi-permeable membrane isolated the working electrode and counter electrode chambers to prevent analyte diffusion. A miniaturized custom potentiostat was designed and built to measure reaction currents ranging from 10 mA to 0.1 nA. Software was developed to perform step voltammetry as well as cyclic voltammetry analysis for verifying electrode condition and optimal redox potential levels. Experimentally determined oxidation/reduction potentials of -100 mV and 400 mV, respectively, were applied to the working electrode for sample concentrations ranging from 50 µM to 10,000 µM. The current generated during the reactions was recorded and the total charge captured at each concentration was obtained by integrating the amperograms. When compared to the expected charge for a 2 µL sample, the total charge vs. concentration plots displayed a near perfect linearity over the full concentration range, and the expected charge (100 % converted) was reached within 20 seconds. The reaction currents ideally should have decayed to background levels, but exhibited constant offset values slightly larger than the background signal, a phenomenon assumed to be lingering residual flow from sample injection. After adding rigid tubing and external valves, the thin-layer cell was shown to remain within 6% of the theoretical charge after 200 seconds. Continued development of this system will offer the possibility of remote, calibration-free determinations of real-world analytes such mercury and lead.

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Applications Of Gis Analyses And Ecological Approaches To Paleolithic Sites In Portugal., Christopher M. Sims May 2014

Applications Of Gis Analyses And Ecological Approaches To Paleolithic Sites In Portugal., Christopher M. Sims

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Developments in landscape approaches to archaeological research have been greatly advanced by the use of geospatial technologies. Despite this boon, certain questions remain where the spatial distributions of archaeological material are complicated by other factors. Geomorphic processes significantly hinder site survivability and visibility, and complicate fieldwork. Such is the case for Paleolithic archaeological sites in Portugal, where the current landscape has been drastically altered since Paleolithic human occupation at the Last Glacial Maximum. The challenge to landscape-scale approaches is to provide a bridge between long-term environmental factors and smaller-scale evidence for human-ecosystem interaction. This requires that adaptations be made to …

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Preventive Effect Of Non-Mitogenic Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor On Diabetes-Induced Testicular Cell Death., Melissa Skibba 1990- May 2014

Preventive Effect Of Non-Mitogenic Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor On Diabetes-Induced Testicular Cell Death., Melissa Skibba 1990-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1 was found to protect the heart from oxidative damage, but clinically its long-term use was restricted for its undesirable proliferating activity on cells. Thus a cluster of amino acids responsible for the proliferation were deleted in the native FGF-1 to create a non-mitogenic FGF-1 (nmFGF-1). To assess whether nmFGF-1 protects male germ cells from diabetes-induced apoptotic death, the study employed a murine model of diabetes using multiple low-doses of streptozotocin, followed by nmFGF-1 treatment for 6 months. Diabetic mice showed a decrease in testicular weight and an increase in apoptotic cell death. Treatment with nmFGF-1 alleviated …

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Communitas In Youtube Comments : The March 2012 Henryville Tornadoes., Richard William Slawsky May 2014

Communitas In Youtube Comments : The March 2012 Henryville Tornadoes., Richard William Slawsky

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This paper serves as a critical case in analyzing the emergence of communitas in online discussions. Although communitas, or the unstructured community that often emerges in the wake of major societal upheavals, has often been documented in a common geographic setting, little research has been done into the emergence of communitas in online or computer-mediated settings. Determining whether or not communitas emerges in the comment streams attached to YouTube videos related to the tornadoes that struck Henryville, Ind., on March 2, 2012, will serve as an indicator that communitas will emerge in other online channels as well. This project consisted …

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The Ethos Of Conspiracy Argument : "Character" As Persuader In Conspiracy Rhetoric., Michael James Sobiech May 2014

The Ethos Of Conspiracy Argument : "Character" As Persuader In Conspiracy Rhetoric., Michael James Sobiech

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Conspiracy theory has, as Timothy Melley states in Empire of Conspiracy (2000), “animated our political culture from the early Republican period to the present, at times powerfully swaying popular opinion” (vii). Though it has attracted attention from a wide range of disciplines, conspiracy theory has not received significant notice within rhetoric and composition. My dissertation adds to the interdisciplinary body of scholarship concerning conspiracy theory by examining it as rhetoric, focusing on how the construction of a conspiracy proponent’s ethos/character affects the persuasiveness of a conspiracy theory. I argue that ethos construction plays a much more significant role in conspiracy …

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Aerial Arial : A Lesson In Strength And Stamina., Ashley Elizabeth Smith May 2014

Aerial Arial : A Lesson In Strength And Stamina., Ashley Elizabeth Smith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis serves to argue the importance of skills related to strength and stamina in the field of theatre performance, particularly in regards to engaging young audiences by applying physical spectacle to classical theatre works. This thesis explores the physical theatre theories of Tadashi Suzuki, Mary Overlie, Rudolf Laban, and the theatrical style of Commedia dell’Arte as applied to my role as Ariel in The Tempest. It also reflects on the use of aerial silks in the same Shakespearean production, serving to prove that the skills required for such a strenuous physical activity are useful for actors as they attempt …

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Mechanisms Of Action And Co-Optive Evolution For Hypervariable Courtship Pheromones In Plethodontid Salamanders., Wilburn Beau Wilburn May 2014

Mechanisms Of Action And Co-Optive Evolution For Hypervariable Courtship Pheromones In Plethodontid Salamanders., Wilburn Beau Wilburn

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pheromones are an important type of chemical cue used by most animals to convey information between individuals. For more than 100 million years, male plethodontid salamanders have utilized a system of non-volatile, proteinaceous pheromones to regulate female mating behavior and receptivity. One of these pheromone components, Plethodontid Modulating Factor (PMF), is a hypervariable protein related to the three-finger protein (TFP) superfamily. Previous studies revealed that PMF persists as a rapidly evolving multi-isoform mixture. However, many characteristics of PMF as a pheromone remained undetermined, including gene structure and transcriptional regulation, translational regulation, protein structure, evolutionary mechanisms, and the isoform effects on …

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Inflammation-Resolving Lipid Mediators Promote Revascularization To Enhance Wound Healing., Michael Jingyuan Zhang May 2014

Inflammation-Resolving Lipid Mediators Promote Revascularization To Enhance Wound Healing., Michael Jingyuan Zhang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Wound healing is a highly concerted cellular process that begins with inflammation and proceeds to resolution to revascularize the site of injury. Although inflammation is essential to revascularization during wound healing, it is now recognized that resolution is an active process that is equally important. Other investigations have implicated a beneficial effect of resolving inflammation and promoting resolution in the remission of inflammatory pathologies. Recently investigations have yielded a novel class of ?-3 fatty acid derived lipid mediators, biosynthesized by leukocytes, which are capable of resolving inflammation and promoting resolution. We therefore hypothesized that these leukocyte-derived pro-resolving lipid mediators can …

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Regulation Of Macrophage Inflammatory Signaling Pathways By Amp-Activated Protein Kinase., Yanfang Zhu May 2014

Regulation Of Macrophage Inflammatory Signaling Pathways By Amp-Activated Protein Kinase., Yanfang Zhu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK, is a conserved serine/threonine kinase with a critical function in the regulation of metabolic pathways in eukaryotic cells. Recently, AMPK has been shown to play an additional role as a regulator of inflammatory activity in leukocytes. Treatment of macrophages with chemical AMPK activators, or forced expression of a constitutively active form of AMPK, results in polarization to an antiinflammatory phenotype. Additionally, we reported previously that stimulation of macrophages with antiinflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, IL-4 and TGF-ß results in rapid activation of AMPK, suggesting that AMPK contributes to the suppressive function of these cytokines. In the …

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Epigenetic Modifications Associated With Aortic Remodeling In Hyperhomocysteinemia., Nithya Narayanan May 2014

Epigenetic Modifications Associated With Aortic Remodeling In Hyperhomocysteinemia., Nithya Narayanan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is prevalent in hypertensive patients and is an independent risk factor for aortic pathologies. HHcy is known to cause an imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) leading to accumulation of collagen in the aorta resulting in stiffness and development of hypertension. Although the exact mechanism of extracellular matrix remodeling (ECM) is unclear, emerging evidence implicates epigenetic regulation involving DNA methylation. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether inhibition of DNA methylation reduces high blood pressure by regulating aortic ECM remodeling in HHcy. Methods: In the first set of experiments, we …

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Myocyte-Specific Overexpression Of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1 Facilitates Cardiac Regeneration And Improves Myocardial Function After Infarction In Mice., Detlef Ernst-Rudolf Obal May 2014

Myocyte-Specific Overexpression Of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1 Facilitates Cardiac Regeneration And Improves Myocardial Function After Infarction In Mice., Detlef Ernst-Rudolf Obal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Interruption of cardiac stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF1)-CXCR4 axis by chronic AMD3100 administration increased myocardial injury after permanent coronary artery ligation, demonstrating the important role of this chemokine in cardiac regeneration. Hypothesis: Cardiomyocyte-specific conditional overexpression of SDF prevents heart failure after permanent coronary ligation and facilitates cardiac regeneration. Methods and Results: Tetracycline-controlled, a-myosine heavy chain promoter directed overexpression of cardiac SDF resulted in a significant increase of SDF expression (SDF: 8.1 ng / g protein) compared with littermate WT mice (0.02 ng / g protein) four weeks after doxycycline withdrawal. SDF overexpression increased AKT and casein kinase 1 levels …

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The Tempest Defending Prospera : The Ideation Of Spiritual Lineage And Practice In Performance For An Afro-Haitian American Actor., Iva-Kristi Maria Papailler May 2014

The Tempest Defending Prospera : The Ideation Of Spiritual Lineage And Practice In Performance For An Afro-Haitian American Actor., Iva-Kristi Maria Papailler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Imagine: William Shakespeare’s final hero, Prospero and all of his beautiful and majestic White, Italian maleness played by an Afro-Haitian American actress. Something changes. No longer does the audience see a traditional view of the character onstage. The audience sees a woman of African descent delivering lines written for a man of European descent. They may or may not question what they are seeing: certainly, I the actor, must. My Blackness brings an ancestral line to the production that makes a variety of traditional African religions part of Prospera’s spiritual lineage. My Blackness and gender also imbue Prospera with a …

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The Role Of Pesticides In Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (Nafld)., Laila Al-Eryani 1986- May 2014

The Role Of Pesticides In Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (Nafld)., Laila Al-Eryani 1986-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

NAFLD, the most common form of liver disease worldwide, is caused by various factors including industrial chemicals and pesticides exposure. Annually, 5.2 billion pounds of pesticides are used worldwide and can contribute to liver disease, but their role is modestly studied. We hypothesize that pesticides contaminating food supply can worsen diet-induced steatosis via xenobiotic receptor activation. Two human and two rodent databases were utilized and 85% of the 330 chemicals identified associated with NAFLD were pesticides. Eight were selected for evaluating hepatic receptor activation in vitro. The majority including DDT activated hPXR/CAR and mPXR. DDT (100 mg/kg) was studied in …

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Next Generation Rfid Telemetry Design For Biomedical Implants., Andre Johan Faul May 2014

Next Generation Rfid Telemetry Design For Biomedical Implants., Andre Johan Faul

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The design and development of a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based pressure-sensing system to increase the range of current Intra-Ocular Pressure (IOP) sensing systems is described in this dissertation. A large number of current systems use near-field inductive coupling for the transfer of energy and data, which limits the operational range to only a few centimeters and does not allow for continuous monitoring of pressure. Increasing the powering range of the telemetry system will offer the possibility of continuous monitoring since the reader can be attached to a waist belt or put on a night stand when sleeping. The system …

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Augmentation Of Ras-Induced Cell Transformation : A New Role For Mir-200a In Malignancy., Lindsey Erin Becker May 2014

Augmentation Of Ras-Induced Cell Transformation : A New Role For Mir-200a In Malignancy., Lindsey Erin Becker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cancer is a multistep disease that begins with malignant cell transformation and frequently culminates in metastasis and death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory 21-25-nt RNA molecules and are frequently deregulated in cancer. The majority of miRNAs are estimated to be co-expressed with neighboring miRNAs as clusters. Many miRNA clusters coordinately regulate multiple members of cellular signaling pathways or protein interaction networks. miR-200a is a member of the miR-200 family, which are known to be strong inhibitors of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition. As such, the tumor suppressive role of miR-200a in oncogenesis has been well studied; however, recent studies have …

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Natures And Wars : Neoliberal Discourse And The Contested Future Of East Kentucky., Shelly Annette Biesel 1986- May 2014

Natures And Wars : Neoliberal Discourse And The Contested Future Of East Kentucky., Shelly Annette Biesel 1986-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Coal mining has been Appalachian Kentucky’s keystone industry for over a century. However, in 2012 and 2013 coal production plummeted, driving industry employment to historic lows. In the wake of production declines, the coal lobby attests that President Obama is waging a “war on coal.” Drawing primarily from ethnographic data, this research offers a holistic and critical examination of the recent decline in coal production and concomitant narratives that have emerged in the wake of socio-economic uncertainty. I argue that “war on coal” discourses, informed by neoliberal philosophies, seek to conflate the region’s mining heritage with the coal industry’s desire …

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Corn Cantos., John E. Burgett May 2014

Corn Cantos., John E. Burgett

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This creative thesis is a long poem based on experiences working in corn fields. It examines how migrant worker relationships have evolved over the recent decades, and offers a forecast of the future of migrant relationships with seed companies such as Pioneer and Dekalb. The poem's format draws from Ezra Pound's Cantos. The style shows some similarities to the works Charles Olson and Walt Whitman. The thesis is divided into nine smaller poems that can be considered chapters in a narrative. The style is non-lyrical, attempting to capture the idiomatic expressions and base language of the characters.

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Servants Of My People First : An Examination Of The Political Literacies Of The Black Liberation Front International (Blfi), 1969-1973., Joilynn Karega-Mason May 2014

Servants Of My People First : An Examination Of The Political Literacies Of The Black Liberation Front International (Blfi), 1969-1973., Joilynn Karega-Mason

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is a multifaceted project. First, it is a historical work of subversion and revision designed to do two things: (1) apply pressure to trends in rhetoric and composition historiography that have left under-challenged a politics of representation that historically and systematically marked Black college students of the late sixties and early seventies as under-prepared, lacking in linguistic and rhetorical resources and agency, and politically militant yet academically apathetic; and (2) construct a more nuanced portrait of the writer agency of the Black college students of the late sixties and early seventies by examining the political writings of members …

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Mobilizing Modernist Magazines : Peter Sloterdijk And The Transatlantic Review., Daniel Lee Conrad May 2014

Mobilizing Modernist Magazines : Peter Sloterdijk And The Transatlantic Review., Daniel Lee Conrad

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Many early examinations of “little magazines,” or avant-garde modernist publications, tend to focus on the biographical narratives of their editors or center their discussion on early versions of canonical works in order to develop a greater understanding of the body of work itself. Works like Bernard Poli’s Ford Madox Ford and the Transatlantic Review follow this biographical model, and while well researched and informative, Poli's study strictly focuses on the role Ford played in the publication; in doing so, it limits what can be said about the review’s project to the local editorial level. This thesis, by contrast, seeks to …

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Public Art In Urban Parks., Taylor Crush, 1990- May 2014

Public Art In Urban Parks., Taylor Crush, 1990-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

An analysis of contemporary public art in urban parks reveals challenges concerning the conservation of artworks and the stability of public interest. These issues have been relevant throughout history. Historical evidence reveals the transition of public art representing a ruling cultural or governmental power to art that represents visions of the public. Despite this change, the continuation of public interest remains a concern as art becomes neglected and misinterpreted. Efforts to properly educate, provide formal evaluations, and support daily maintenance of the art are a constant concern for arts organizations. After explicating public art in public spaces and art in …

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The Anti-Obesogenic Effects Of Nitric Oxide., Brian Edward Sansbury 1985- May 2014

The Anti-Obesogenic Effects Of Nitric Oxide., Brian Edward Sansbury 1985-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Obesity is a strong risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease and has quickly reached epidemic proportions with few tangible and safe treatment options. While it is generally accepted that the primary cause of obesity is energy imbalance, i.e., more calories are consumed than are utilized, understanding how caloric balance is regulated has proven a challenge. Molecular processes and pathways that directly regulate energy metabolism represent promising targets for therapy. In particular, nitric oxide (NO) is emerging as a central regulator of energy metabolism and body composition. NO bioavailability is decreased in animal models of obesity and …

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Facing Crisis : Maintaining Class Status In Victorian Old Louisville., David Walter Schatz May 2014

Facing Crisis : Maintaining Class Status In Victorian Old Louisville., David Walter Schatz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The late Victorian era (1876-1915) was a time of economic and social crisis as America entered into the industrial age. Multiple economic crises including three market crashes and resulting depressions placed a strain on the economic viability of the growing middle classes. The changing nature of middle class work also created a social crisis as professionals and entrepreneurs were forced into clerk and managerial positions within the government and corporations to maintain their middle class lifestyle. One of the ways that middle class families mitigated the social and economic crises was to participate in the practice of segmented dining. Segmented …

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Coal Ash And Children's Sleep : A Community-Based Study., Clara G. Sears May 2014

Coal Ash And Children's Sleep : A Community-Based Study., Clara G. Sears

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Kentucky is the fifth largest producer of coal ash, a by-product of coal combustion. The small spherical coal ash particles contain heavy metals like arsenic, lead, mercury, and cadmium. Coal ash is currently classified as nonhazardous by the EPA, which allows it to be stored in open-air impoundments near low-income communities. The primary object of the study is to determine the prevalence of sleep disruptive behaviors in children exposed to coal ash, compared to a group of demographically similar non-exposed children. Parents or guardians from five neighborhoods surrounding a coal ash storage facility, and one non-exposed community, participated in a …

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Functional Implications Of Demyelination And The Molecular Control Of Remyelination In The Adult Mouse., Nicholas John Kuypers May 2014

Functional Implications Of Demyelination And The Molecular Control Of Remyelination In The Adult Mouse., Nicholas John Kuypers

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Oligodendrocyte (OL) loss contributes to the functional deficits underlying diseases with a demyelinating component (Gajjar et al., 1997; Miller et al., 2002). Remyelination can restore these deficits (Duncan et al., 2009). Chapter 1 is an introduction to de- and re-myelination thus providing the necessary background information for consideration in subsequent chapters. Ethidium bromide (EB) has been extensively used in the rat and cat as a model of spinal cord demyelination. However, this lesion has not been addressed in the adult mouse. Therefore, Chapters 2 and 3 characterize a model of chronic EB-induced spinal cord demyelination in the mouse which can …

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Greening Louisville's East Market District : A Comparative Assessment Of Sustainability., Ashley O. Dale May 2014

Greening Louisville's East Market District : A Comparative Assessment Of Sustainability., Ashley O. Dale

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The East Market District located in Louisville, KY is currently undergoing a multi-million dollar urban regeneration. This transformation is being marketed as a primer sustainable neighborhood with the goal of serving as a model for other cities in the United States. As result of these changes, it is imperative to analyze the concept of sustainability from a variety of stakeholder perspectives utilizing content analysis on interviews and LEED Neighborhood Scorecard. Utilizing these methods, the central goal of this study is to understand the various interpretation of sustainability within this neighborhood. The findings observed via the critical assessment of the LEED …

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Undoings : Reversals And Dissolutions Of Binaries In The Narrative Films Of Peter Greenaway., Kristina Sue Bohleber Groves 1978- May 2014

Undoings : Reversals And Dissolutions Of Binaries In The Narrative Films Of Peter Greenaway., Kristina Sue Bohleber Groves 1978-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, discussed and analyzed are the narrative films of British film director Peter Greenaway through lenses of queer theory, feminism, and theories of the monstrous to investigate Greenaway’s notion of the Other in his films. Nearly all his films include a “nonstandard” Othering of characters, a breaking down of societal binaries, as well as crossing the line of what is taboo in our society. This Othering forces viewers to reevaluate their own subjectivity, and to evaluate which groups they see themselves as a part of. In creating fantastic worlds in which the characters do not function within the …

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Year Of The Adopted Family: Selected Folktales For The Seasons Of Adoptee Personal And Cultural Identity, Rachel R. Hedman May 2014

Year Of The Adopted Family: Selected Folktales For The Seasons Of Adoptee Personal And Cultural Identity, Rachel R. Hedman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In a study of the application of storytelling to adoptive family bonding, sensemaking, and cultural adjustment, I selected 12 world folktales for adoptive families to use as oral storytelling activities. I designed and facilitated a workshop for 7 adoptive families focusing on how to select, to learn, and to tell stories as well as how to play story-based games with their children. Each adult told 1 of the 12 folktales, played 1 or 2 of 37 games (12 traditional games, 25 storybased games), and shared reactions and interactions of family members. Using the term “story talk” to describe conversational byplay …

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Role Of The Ventral Tegmental Area And Ventral Tegmental Area Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors In The Incentive Amplifying Effect Of Nicotine, Ashley B. Sheppard May 2014

Role Of The Ventral Tegmental Area And Ventral Tegmental Area Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors In The Incentive Amplifying Effect Of Nicotine, Ashley B. Sheppard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Nicotine has multiple behavioral effects as a result of its action in the central nervous system. Nicotine strengthens the behaviors that lead to nicotine administration (primary reinforcement), and this effect of nicotine depends on mesotelencephalic systems of the brain that are critical to goal directed behavior, reward, and reinforcement. Nicotine also serves as a ‘reinforcement enhancer’ – drug administration enhances behaviors that lead to other drug and nondrug reinforcers. Although the reinforcement enhancing effects of nicotine may promote tobacco use in the face of associated negative health outcomes, the neuroanatomical systems that mediate this effect of nicotine have never been …

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Sa-4-1bbl As A Platform To Develop Adjuvant Systems For Prophylactic And Therapeutic Vaccines., Gunes Dinc 1984- May 2014

Sa-4-1bbl As A Platform To Develop Adjuvant Systems For Prophylactic And Therapeutic Vaccines., Gunes Dinc 1984-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Vaccines against infectious diseases are one of the most critical accomplishments in modern medicine. Despite significant progress in vaccinology, there is still a dire need for developing vaccines against various acute and chronic infections and cancer. In general, vaccines are categorized as prophylactic, given to healthy individuals to prevent disease, and therapeutic, administered to people who already have disease. As such, the nature, quality, and quantity of immune responses required for the efficacy of these two types vaccines are different. Prophylactic vaccines against infectious diseases primarily rely on the generation of neutralizing high titers of antibody for their efficacy. These …

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Paleozoic Seed Bank And Their Ecological Significance, Petra Seka Yehnjong May 2014

Paleozoic Seed Bank And Their Ecological Significance, Petra Seka Yehnjong

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Soil seed banks are a reservoir of viable seeds present in the soil in plant communities. They have been studied and characterized in various ways in different habitats. However, these studies are limited to modern seed banks. This study extends seed bank studies to the Paleozoic Era. It was hypothesized that size distribution and seed density in Paleozoic seed banks exhibit similar patterns as in modern seed banks. Seed sizes and seed density of fossil seed from Wise Virginia were estimated. Modern seed bank information was obtained from published data. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test. The …

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