Digital Commons Network^™

Exposure To Pm2.5 And Aging., Daniel Chris Gomes

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Inhalation of fine airborne particulate matter (PM_2.5) is an environmental risk factor for numerous health disorders, including cardiovascular diseases (CVD). While several studies have shown that PM_2.5 exposure can induce oxidative stress, DNA damage, and inflammation, the underlying mechanisms that translate these effects into systemic pathology remain poorly understood. Some recent studies have shown that PM_2.5 exposure can lead to telomere shortening in leukocytes, but the generality of this outcome and contribution to endothelial dysfunction has not yet been fully explored. We hypothesized that PM_2.5inhalation accelerates cellular aging and senescence in both circulating peripheral …

Increasing Histidyl Dipeptides In Skeletal Muscle Preserves Muscle Mass And Function In Heart Failure., Mamata Hiraman Chaudhari

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Introduction: Heart failure is a systemic disease associated with multiple comorbidities, such as skeletal muscle wasting and cardiopulmonary disease. Muscle wasting in heart failure patients is a severe comorbidity associated with decreased exercise capacity and poor quality of life. Previous reports show that oxidative stress is increased in the skeletal muscle of heart failure patients, which can directly lead to muscle wasting. However, antioxidant intervention in these patients was unable to improve cardiac function and consequently had no effect on muscle wasting. Although oxidative stress is the primary driver of skeletal muscle atrophy, no attempt has been made to examine …

Identifying Correlates Of Protection Of A Pneumonic Plague Vaccine., Caleb Samuel Whitley

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Pneumonic plague is caused by inhalation of the bacterial pathogen Yersinia pestis. The immune response during Pneumonic plague occurs in two phases; an initial asymptomatic phase followed by a highly inflammatory and destructive phase resulting in 100% mortality if left untreated. The rapid onset of severe disease following the asymptomatic phase makes it difficult to administer antibiotics in time to prevent lethal outcomes. Therefore, the development of an effective vaccine is likely needed to combat pneumonic plague in areas of the world where Y. pestis remains endemic. One candidate subunit vaccine is protective in mice, a natural host for …

Direct And Satellite-Based Quantification Of Greenhouse Gas Fluxes In Small Ponds., Mark Christopher Tierney

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As evidenced by their historic losses due to anthropogenic activities, wetlands are undervalued ecosystems that provide numerous ecosystem services, from recreational opportunities to carbon (C) storage. However, these wetlands are also the largest natural source of atmospheric methane (CH₄). Additionally, small water bodies (< 10,000 m²) are disproportionately large emitters relative to larger lakes and reservoirs. As construction and restoration efforts proceed, it is crucial to identify wetlands that need restoration and to understand the factors driving both greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes and the C balance of these systems. This dissertation investigates the drivers of greenhouse gas fluxes …

Sensory And Motor Tectothalamic Circuits: Two Sides Of The Same Coin., Nazratan Naeem

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Integration of sensorimotor information in the visual system has always been an intriguing topic to scientists, yet the subcortical sensory and motor circuits that are essential components of this process have remained elusive. In these studies, we used a blend of classical and contemporary techniques such as viral tracing, immunohistochemistry, optogenetics in-vitro whole cell electrophysiology, and electron microscopy in mice to characterize sensory and motor circuits of the superior colliculus (SC), a conserved visuomotor structure with connections with a wide variety of brain structures, including the thalamus. We focused on two SC cell types: visually responsive widefield vertical (WFV) cells …

The Autonomic And Arrhythmogenic Effects Of Gestational E-Cigarette Exposure., Brittany Rachelle Reynolds

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Introduction. E-cigarettes (e-cigs) have been shown to be pro-arrhythmic in both human and male rodent studies; however, little is known about how e-cig use impacts patients with a predisposed heightened risk for arrhythmias, including pregnant women. Both pregnancy and e-cig use have independently been shown to increase heart rate, diminish heart rate variability, and increase ventricular premature beats, which is suspected to be due to sympathetic dominance. Importantly, β-blockers have been shown to reduce sympathetic activity, reduce heart rate, increase HRV, and reduce arrhythmias. Thus, the use of β-blockers may help prevent adverse health effects driven by sympathetic dominance from …

Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes: From Discovery To Clinical Application., Lewis Clayton Chew

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores the evolution of TIL therapy from its discovery to clinical application, focusing on its use in treating metastatic cancer. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT), particularly TIL therapy, has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional treatments like chemotherapy. This review article traces the historical development of TILs, highlighting key experiments and clinical trials that have shaped its understanding and application as a therapeutic strategy for patients with metastatic and difficult to treat cancers including melanoma. Importantly, this article highlights recent advancements, including the FDA approval of Lifileucel, and explores emerging strategies to enhance therapeutic efficacy of TILs through …

How Fundraisers Met Goals During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Cody C. Greene

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted nearly every aspect of higher education operations, including fundraising and donor engagement. This qualitative study explored how Vice Presidents for Advancement and other senior fundraising leaders in higher education adapted their practices to meet fundraising goals during the pandemic. Using a narrative design, in-depth interviews were conducted with nine participants representing diverse institutions in the southeastern United States. Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six-phase thematic analysis was used to code and interpret the data.

Seven major themes emerged: communications, technology, donor relations, managing a fundraising team, overall giving impact, successful strategies, and the future. Participants described how …

“War Is God” And “Unguessed Kinships”: Blood Meridian And Cormac Mccarthy’S “Border Tetralogy”, Seth Reeves

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis applies the metaphysics of philosopher Gilles Deleuze to Cormac McCarthy’s novel Blood Meridian, arguing that the novel initiates a thread of immanent subjectivity that unfolds throughout the Border Trilogy that follows it. Against a hierarchical metaphysics of transcendence, specifically an inverted Platonic Idealism, Blood Meridian dramatizes an immanent world of “optical democracy,” a prose style that levels the human and nonhuman and eludes subject and object categories. The kid’s autonomy from Judge Holden’s violent domination marks the truncated beginning of a Deleuzian subjectivity of becoming-other and immanent kinship. This incomplete gesture continues in the Border Trilogy, where …

Mass Spectrometry- And Genomic-Based Characterization Of Novel Glycosphingolipid-Producing Bacteria And Their Glycosyltransferases, Tahir Ali

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) are a type of membrane-lipids commonly found in eukaryotes, as well as in bacteria from the order Sphingomonadales. In these bacteria, GSLs replace lipopolysaccharides as key structural and functional components of the outer membrane. These molecules play a crucial role in maintaining membrane integrity and helping bacteria adapt to environmental stresses. Additionally, they hold significant potential in biomedical research due to their ability to modulate the immune response through interactions with the CD1d receptor. Despite their important biological and biomedical roles, the diversity and biosynthesis of bacterial GSLs are far less understood compared to their eukaryotic counterparts. In …

Uncovering Conserved Biosynthetic Gene Clusters And Interbacterial Interactions Of Myxobacteria In Polymicrobial Communities, Shailaja Khanal Pokharel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Myxobacteria are prolific producers of specialized metabolites and key contributors to microbial interactions within soil and other environments, yet fundamental questions remain about the conservation of their biosynthetic capacities and the dynamics that shape their coexistence with neighboring microorganisms. This dissertation addresses these gaps through three integrated research directions. In Chapter 2 we utilized a pan-genome framework across eleven genera and 195 sequenced genomes,including ten newly reported isolates, and found five BGCs were identified as the conserved BGCs across the Myxococcota. These clusters encode metabolites with established ecological functions, none of which are known toxins, suggesting selective maintenance of signaling …

Third-Person Direct-Object Anaphora In Translation From English Into Brazilian Portuguese: A Corpus-Based Study Of Juvenile Texts Reflecting Orality, Marcella Cascione Cerqueira Netto

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The third-person accusative clitics in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) are virtually extinct in spoken language and informal writing, although formal texts and contexts still retain them. Speakers often mark third-person direct objects using the stigmatized full pronouns (syncretic with the nominative forms), null objects, or full noun phrases (NPs), also referred to as lexical NPs. The realization of these forms is not arbitrary; it is influenced by the semantic properties of the referents, particularly animacy (mainly humanness) and specificity. Animate referents [+animate] tend to be realized with overt pronouns, whereas inanimate [–animate] ones tend to be used with null objects. This …

Design And Prototyping Of An Acoustic Positioning System For Gps-Denied Environment, Harley Hogan Garrett

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Finding the placement of sensors is known as sensor localization, and is a necessary task to ensure that a network is capable of array processing operations, such as direction of arrival measurements. This thesis proposes a method to perform sensor localization for a wireless sensor network using acoustics. Each sensor is equipped with a microphone, speaker, and processor. Using these, the proposed system is able to find the distance between each sensor and later the geometry of the network. A series of optimizations help reduce error and improve the final accuracy of the system to within 6.5 cm. The proposed …

Avaren-Fc's Effects On Lymphoma Cells., Jacob Hahn

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates the therapeutic potential of Avaren-Fc (AvFc), a novel lectin fusion protein that integrates the Fc region of human IgG1 with the engineered lectin Avaren, specifically targeting lymphoma. The study delineates the in vitro binding capabilities of Avaren-Fc with a human B-cell lymphoma cell line, a canine B-cell lymphoma cell line, healthy canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and healthy human PBMCs. AvFc was shown to exhibit significant binding to human lymphoma cells. Furthermore, the direct cytotoxicity of Avaren-Fc against canine lymphoma cells, canine lymphoma cells and healthy canine PBMCs was assessed. It was found that there is …

Examing Fear Conditioning/Extinction And The Role Of The Amygdala In Human Neuroimaging., Olivia Cook

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Fear plays a crucial role in survival but can lead to psychological disorders when dysregulated. Fears can be innate due to evolutionary relevance or learned through associative processes, where predictive accuracy of threat is pivotal. Disruptions in fear neurocircuitry contribute to anxiety disorders, characterized by heightened activation and impaired learning. Fear conditioning and extinction paradigms based on classical Pavlovian conditioning have been used to study mechanisms underlying fear learning. Using this experimental model, fear networks in rodents have been described in detail with clear distinction between conditioning and extinction neural functioning. Yet, there is no consensus on the neurobiological processes …

Characterizing The Ethanol Sensitivity Of The Planar Cell Polarity Pathway In Endoderm Morphogenesis And Jaw Development., Raéden Omneil C. C. Rolle Gray

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) describes a large range of developmental defects due to prenatal alcohol exposure. It is characterized by neural and facial defects, including jaw hypoplasia. Many factors contribute to the susceptibility of ethanol-induced facial defects, including genetics, yet the genes involved, and the cell events they regulate, are poorly understood. Zebrafish have a large number of tools for genetic manipulation available, share 70% of genes with humans, are fertilized externally and are translucent during embryogenesis, making them great models to study FASD. Previous studies show that two members of the Planar Cell Polarity (PCP) pathway, zebrafish vangl2 …

The Ecology Of Arthropod Rain In A Tropical Forest., Andrew Robert Seiler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Tropical forests are structured by complex vertical linkages and nutrient exchanges between canopy and understory habitats. These linkages include the downward flux of organisms, the movement of canopy fauna, and the recycling of nutrients through litter and organic matter deposition. This dissertation investigates arthropod rain and its role in connecting the canopy and forest floor processes in a lowland tropical forest in Panama. Chapter 2 quantifies “arthropod rain”, the fall of canopy arthropods into the understory. Using pan and pole traps, I measured the composition, abundance, and biomass of arthropods falling from the canopy and assessed environmental drivers of the …

Safety Evaluation Of Epicertin, An Oral Biotherapeutic Candidate For Treating Ulcerative Colitis: A 28-Day Repeated Dose Toxicity Study., Jimmy Fernando Cifuentes Jimenez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic, relapsing inflammation of the colon and rectum with limited treatment options. Among them, immunosuppressive agents have a high rate of adverse side effects and do not cure the disease. EPICERTIN (EPT), a recombinant variant of the cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) with a C-terminal hexapeptide extension consisting of a KDEL endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention motif, is a promising oral biotherapeutic candidate for the treatment of UC. EPT has demonstrated mucosal healing activity in mouse models of colitis and human colonic explants. EPT's mechanism of action involves binding to GM1 …

The People’S Medicine: Modern Perspectives On Folk Medicine In South Central Appalachia, Stacey M. Horton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The study addresses the critical need to document Appalachian folk medicine conventions and cultural practices from a modern perspective. In so doing, it addresses folk medicine research gaps in understudied places in South Central Appalachia, particularly in Southwestern Virginia and Northeast Tennessee. This research utilizes participant observation and oral history interviews to research modern Appalachian folk medicine practices among a select group of practitioners. Interviews focused on individuals who center their professional careers and subsequent lifestyles around herbalism, foraging, folk medicine, ethnobotany, and botanicals. By utilizing a critical praxis framework, the study seeks to move beyond lists of symptoms and …

Learning To Think, Thinking To Learn: A Qualitative Investigation Of Inquiry-Based Learning And Metacognition In Preschools, Jessica Carter

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In response to an increased focus in the field of early childhood on inquiry-based practices and metacognition, this qualitative study was designed to investigate a variety of approaches to planning and facilitating classroom inquiry. Additionally, this research was designed to discover the ways in which metacognitive strategies are used in preschool classrooms to foster the learning process. Using teacher interviews, classroom observation, and analyses of teachers’ planning documents in a multiple case study design, this study focused on five Reggio-inspired classrooms to investigate the planning and teaching practices of preschool teachers related to inquiry-based learning. Of importance was their use …

Teacher Perceptions Of The Effectiveness Of Voluntary Pre-Kindergarten Attendance, Kimberly Taylor

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to identify the perceptions of educators with respect to student enrollment in voluntary pre-kindergarten classes provided through the Tennessee Department of Education in public schools. The data collection strategy used to gain teacher perspectives was through conducting one-on-one interviews with 15 educators in three Tennessee school districts. To qualify for the study, teachers must have been teaching in kindergarten classrooms that receive students who had previously been enrolled in the school’s pre-kindergarten program. Data collection and analysis were based on the Grounded Theory approach which uses data that is systematically gained and analyzed to …

Bias And The Writing Process In Adaptations And Retellings Of Mythology, Haley Sanderson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

My thesis is an examination of how adaptations and retellings of mythology are written and affected by readership and reception of mythology. I compare American Gods by Neil Gaiman and The Penelopiad by Margaret Atwood and how they are written as adaptations and retellings of mythology. As seen in both novels, the presence of the mythological source material in adaptations and retellings of mythology is equally influenced by authors’ perception and the influence of readership. Approaching the ideological positions of Atwood and Gaiman through the similarities and differences of The Penelopiad and American Gods provides a deeper insight on the …

Isolation, Chemical Characterization, And In-Vitro Cytotoxic Evaluation Of Novel Polar Flavonoids From Chromolaena Leivensis, Matthew Tohatsu Tetteh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study focuses on isolation, chemical characterization, and in-vitro cytotoxic evaluation of novel polar flavonoids from chromolaena leivensis. A 95% ethanolic extract of c. leivensis shipped by Prof. Ruben Torrenegra from University of Applied and Environmental Sciences, Bogota, Colombia, was dissolved in 1:1 methanol/chloroform mixture and its purity analyzed by TLC. The sample was eluted with toluene/methanol in an increasing order of polarity on silica gel, resulting in 49 fractions labelled CLA1 to CLA49. Among these fractions, CLA10 (1) and CLA19 (2) obtained yellow and white crystals. They were analyzed by GCMS, IR, and …

Mountain Communities During A Time Of War: A Case Study Of The Hutsul Region In The Carpathian Mountains Of Ukraine, Pavlo Rybaruk

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis investigates the ethno-ecological technologies employed by the Hutsul people within the highland agrarian economy of the Carpathian Mountains. Over centuries, the Hutsuls have developed ethno-ecological technologies that maintain ecological integrity while supporting community livelihoods.

The study addresses three primary research questions: What are the most important ethno-ecological technologies of the Hutsul highland economy? How might these traditional ethno-ecological practices be applied to economic, agricultural, and tourism development in the Hutsul region? How might these traditional ethno-ecological practices be combined with contemporary approaches to encourage sustainable development in the region?

The research explores the devastating impact of the Russian …

Divergent Responses Of Branched-Chain And Straight-Chain Lipid Membranes To Butanol Stress Revealed By All-Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulations, Joshua Olaf Aggrey

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Membrane integrity under chemical stress is critical to cellular survival and industrial microbial bioproduction, yet the molecular basis of bilayer resilience remains poorly understood. Using all-atom molecular dynamics simulation, we compare the effect of increasing concentrations of 1‑butanol on membranes composed of straight-chain (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, DPPC) and branched-chain (1-anteiso-palmitoyl-2-palmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, APPC) lipids, which differ in the point of attachment of a single methyl group. In the absence of butanol, both membranes exhibit well-ordered architectures consistent with experimental benchmarks; however, under increasing solvent stress, their behaviors diverge markedly. DPPC membranes display gradual thinning, modest area per lipid …

Assembling Life From Death: Examining The Archaeological Fauna Of Jupiter Inlet Lighthouse’S Past To Preserve Biodiversity For The Future, Victoria Sherwood

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This project utilizes an assemblage of faunal remains from a precontact midden at the Jupiter Inlet Lighthouse archaeological site in northern Palm Beach County, Florida. The assemblage was identified and analyzed through the lenses of resource use and paleoenvironmental changes. The Indigenous groups in the area heavily utilized estuarine resources such as fish and marine turtles. The archaeological assemblage was compared to a modern survey of species present at the site. The species identified in the precontact collection are present in the surrounding area today. The archaeological assemblage matching up with modern species speaks to the success of Loxahatchee River …

World On Fire: The Hunger Games And The Rhetoric Of Revolution, Rachel Olivares

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the decade between 2010 and 2020, more people participated in mass protests than at any other point in human history. From the Arab Spring to Occupy Wall Street and Hong Kong’s “umbrella movement,” street demonstrations exploded on a global scale. This period of global unrest coincided with another explosion: the dystopian young adult series The Hunger Games surged in popularity, quickly becoming a cultural phenomenon. Following the release of the book series and its subsequent film adaptations, The Hunger Games became a global symbol of grassroots resistance as social and political movements adopted the language and symbols of its …

Consequences Of Secondary Traumatic Stress On Individuals Without Formal Psychological Training Working With Trauma-Exposed Children, Juan F. Valdez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Literature has suggested that secondary traumatic stress could cause various adverse effects for individuals working with trauma-exposed populations. However, direct care workers performing in shelters designed to serve unaccompanied immigrant children are faced with the task of caring for these minors who may have been exposed to trauma in their home countries, while traveling to the United States, or after arriving in the country. This qualitative case study was conducted to understand and describe the experiences of 15 current employees and five ex-employees who have worked with unaccompanied children for at least a year. These individuals participated in in-depth personal …

The Current Of Anxieties: Ghosts And Capital For The Liminal Bride In Hiroko Oyamada’S The Hole, Maliha Kabir

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis offers a reading of Hiroko Oyamada’s The Hole as discourse surrounding modern neoliberalism’s dissolution and transformation of boundaries between socio-political domains, such as the public/private, and its consequent effects on individual subjectivity and interpersonal relationships. Within the novella’s depictions of the mundane, I also seek to argue that Oyamada’s employment of the liminal, through distortions of space and time, is used to depict the precarity of marginalization as an always present force due to the pervasiveness of capitalism, but purposefully hidden to maintain security in illusion.

Advanced Deep Neural Network Architectures For 3d Gait Assessment From Video In The Early Detection Of Alzheimers Disease, Abhishek Singh Kushwaha

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents an advanced deep learning framework for markerless 3D gait assessment using monocular video, aimed at the early detection of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recognizing gait abnormalities as potential preclinical biomarkers, the study leverages video-based human pose estimation to derive detailed spatiotemporal gait parameters without the need for specialized laboratory equipment. The proposed system adapts the MeTRAbs (Metric-Scale Truncation-Robust Heatmaps for Absolute 3D Human Pose Estimation) architecture to reconstruct metric-scale 3D human joint coordinates from RGB video recordings. A complete processing pipeline is developed to extract stride length, cadence, stance and swing phases, and gait variability, validated against the …