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The American Colonization Of The Philippines And The Self-Examination, Self-Presentation And Re-Presentation Of American Identity, Jennifer Marie Mcmahon

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study is an exploration of the disruptions that can be perceived in American identity through a close examination of America's colonial experience in the Philippines in three different, but related, contexts. The first is an analysis of American writers' reactions to the colonization, specifically those of Mark Twain, W. E. B. Du Bois, and William James. These writers were vocal contributors to the debate surrounding the colonization, though, like the colonization itself, these works have been largely ignored. These writers identify contradictions in American identity, focusing on issues concerning race, capitalism, individualism, American innocence, exceptionalism, and self-reliance. These are …

Bilingual Sentence Processing: Relative Clause Attachment In English And Spanish, Eva M. Fernandez

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Monolingual studies have shown that the relative clause attachment ambiguity, illustrated by the sample English sentence below, is ultimately interpreted in different ways by speakers of English and Spanish: (1) Someone shot the maid of the actress that was on the balcony. English speakers tend to attach the relative clause to the lower noun, actress, while in the comparable sentence in Spanish, Spanish speakers generally prefer the attachment to be to the higher noun, maid. This thesis compares the relative clause attachment preferences of monolingual and bilingual speakers of English and Spanish. Data were collected using a speeded self-paced reading …

Chaucer's Troilus And Criseyde In Male Homosocial Contexts: The Politicization Of Same-Sex Desire, Richard E. Zeikowitz

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

I explore the dynamics of homosociality in late medieval culture, investigating both Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde and its cultural and political environments. I articulate two conflicting attitudes toward male same-sex relations: one affirming and celebratory, the other homophobic. I conclude that Chaucer's poem both replicates and generates a late medieval sociocultural discourse characterized by tension between normative male same-sex behavior and the potential politicization of such behavior.

In the introductory chapter, I survey important recent historical and feminist criticism of Troilus and Criseyde and situate my project within the current debate regarding definitions of premodern sexuality. In chapter 2, part …

Morphology And Photocatalysis Of Titanium Dioxide Aerogels, Sean Kelly

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Pollution of our environment has become one of the most serious problems of this century. Titanium dioxide aerogels is composed of nanocrystallites of TiO2 close-packed in roughly spherical mesospheres, which are agglomerated to form a highly-porous sponge. Aerogel morphology produces porosities of around 80% and surface area that can be as large as 1000 m2/g. The aerogels efficiently adsorb organic materials from the environment and when illuminated with UV light, decompose or oxidize the organic pollutants, ultimately to safe by-products such as CO2 and H 2O.

In this work we modify the synthetic conditions to produce aerogels with different morphologies …

Redemption And Recovery: An Ethnographic Comparison Of Two Drug Rehabilitation Programs, A Faith Community And A Therapeutic Community, Daniel E. Hood

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This ethnography of long-term residential programs for drug users compares a therapeutic community (TC) with an evangelical Christian "training program." Using participant observation and life history interviews, it pursues three themes. The first is comparative and descriptive. It poses a basic similarity between the ideologically disparate programs. Parallels in program process and personal experience of "identity transformation" (conversion) are described. Despite the religious/secular divide, important similarities in anthropological assumptions are also identified. Contrary to earlier research, the singularity of the clientele is demonstrated. Other parallels include the ritual function of prayer and encounter, the centrality of selective biographical reconstruction, and …

Wittgenstein And The Grammar Of Physics: A Study Of Ludwig Wittgenstein's 1929-1930 Manuscripts And The Roots Of His Later Philosophy, Anton Alterman

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In 1929 Wittgenstein began to work on the first philosophical manuscripts he had kept since completing the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (TLP) in 1918. The impetus for this was his conviction that the logic of the TLP was flawed: it was unable to account for the fact that a proposition that assigns a single value on a continuum to a simple object thereby excludes all assignments of different values to the object (the "color exclusion" problem). Consequently Wittgenstein's "atomic propositions" could not be logically independent of one another.

Initially he thought he could replace the "logically perfect language" of the TLP with …

The Structure And Procedures Of Hostage/Crisis Negotiation Units In United States Police Organizations, Robert Joseph Louden

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Hostage/Crisis negotiation was formally developed as a police function in the United States by the New York City Police Department in 1972–1973. The procedure has saved countless fives. There have also been many hostage/barricade situations which ended in disaster.

This study is an analysis of the hostage/crisis negotiation practices of 276 local, county and state police agencies in the U.S. which employ at least 100 sworn officers and utilize some standard system of negotiation for response to hostage and barricade situations. A four-page questionnaire developed specifically for the project provided data about policy matters, organizational configurations, and about the selection …

Creating Art And Artists: Late Nineteenth-Century American Artists' Studios, Karen A. Zukowski

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation examines the studios of American painters and sculptors working in the cosmopolitan era of the late nineteenth century. Between the Philadelphia Centennial and World War I, most makers of fine art worked in studios furnished with old furniture, personal mementos, historic relics and superbly-crafted objets d'art, all rich in evocative associations. In these spaces artists made art, taught art, sold art, entertained friends and patrons, and kept house. These studios were often opened to the public, they were featured in newspaper and journal articles, and they appeared in paintings and novels, making them quasi-public places. Born out …

Robert Henri And Cosmopolitan Culture Of Fin-De-Siecle France, Linda Jones Gibbs

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The American painter Robert Henri (1865–1929) lived in Paris and its environs for nearly eight years between 1888–1900. This dissertation relates the critical impact his extensive exposure to fin-de-siecle French culture had upon his early paintings, his theories about the production of art, and ultimately upon the ideological foundation of the Ashcan School. This is accomplished through analysis of the many significant cosmopolitan elements Henri encountered in France not only in the realm of art but literature, philosophy, and politics.

Henri's rebellion against the art institutional bureaucracy and hierarchy and his non-traditional teaching methods have frequently been attributed to the …

Investigation Of The Glucose-Induced Inactivation Of Maltose Permease In Saccharomyces, Igor L. Medintz

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The addition of glucose to maltose fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells results in the rapid loss of maltose transport activity. This results both from the repression of the maltose permease gene transcription and from the post-translational inactivation of maltose permease through a process termed glucose-induced inactivation of maltose permease. The inactivation consists of two separable processes, a rapid inhibition of maltose transport activity and by a slower degradation of maltose permease protein. Degradation is dependent on endocytosis, vesicular sorting and vacuolar proteolysis, and is independent of the proteasome. Furthermore, maltose permease exists in differentially phosphorylated forms.

Ubiquitin and the ubiquitin-conjugating system …

John Brougham: The American Performance Career Of An Irish Comedian, 1842–1880, Dana Rahm Sutton

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Reports during the nineteenth century indicate that John Brougham was one of the best known actors of his day, but little study during the twentieth century has been made of his performance career. Today he is sometimes recognized as a playwright, probably because two of his plays have been included in anthologies of nineteenth-century plays, but he considered himself primarily an actor rather than playwright. While it has been acknowledged that he was never very successful financially in his repeated attempts at theatre managements, reasons for his lack of success have not been fully explored. His artistic triumphs as a …

The Development Of The Meanings Of Think And Know Through Conversation, Lea Kessler Shaw

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

An apparent discrepancy in the literature on mental verbs between findings of experimental studies (young children fail to contrast terms) and observational studies (children use terms correctly in conversation) can be reconciled using Nelson and Lucariello's (1985) theory of word meaning development. According to their analysis, three aspects of word meaning develop in order: reference, denotation, and sense. For success at experimental tasks, children must have attained a system of interrelated word meanings (sense). However, children's initial uses of think and know take their meanings from the roles in the language games in which they occur (Wittgenstein, 1953).

In this …

A Theater Of Anxiety: The Irrepresentable In Shelley's "The Cenci" And In Musset's "Lorenzaccio", Remy Joseph Roussetzki

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In this dissertation I develop a comparative study of two outstanding Romantic dramas, Shelley's The Cenci (1819) and Musset's Lorenzaccio (1834), with the purpose of demonstrating that both offer a viable answer to the difficult problems facing the revival of tragedy at the beginning of the Nineteenth Century. Both Shelley and Musset took into account the tragic traditions available in their time, starting with the Greek models, to the evolution and transformation of the genre during Elizabethan and Jacobean periods in England, Neo-classicism in France and the Baroque in Germany.

I argue that these plays aggravated in particular the Historical …

Contemporary Romanian Theatre: Artistry, Honesty, And Adaptation In The Plays Of Iosif Naghiu, Dumitru Radu Popescu And Marin Sorescu, Eric Pourchot

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study examines the plays and productions of three contemporary Romanian playwrights—Iosif Naghiu, Dumitru Radu Popescu, and Marin Sorescu—as they reflect the changing cultural policies and climate of Romania from 1968 to 1998. The three case studies demonstrate that, faced with harsh political censorship during the Ceausescu years and economic difficulties since the overthrow of communism in 1989, contemporary Romanian drama and theatre has nevertheless maintained an artistic merit and integrity deserving of wider acknowledgment. Romanian directors are well-known internationally but, paradoxically, the drama of Romania, despite close linguistic connections to Western Europe, has received far less attention than has …

In The Face Of Violence: Rape Crisis Workers Talk About Their Lives, Shantih E. Clemans

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Rape, sexual assault, and domestic violence as social problems have been studied extensively in the literature. However, the experiences of workers who counsel these clients have been given little written attention. The purpose of this study was to explore—in depth—how a group of 21 women rape crisis center workers experienced their jobs. What areas presented challenges and which offered particular satisfaction? Open-ended qualitative interviews were used to generate data on this phenomenon of rape crisis center employment.

Findings suggest that, although social work with clients affected by rape, incest, and domestic violence presented workers with a host of challenges, such …

Deflating Deflationism, Bradley Philip Armour-Garb

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In this dissertation, I take a close look at the deflationary theory of truth, and deflationary semantics, generally. My thesis is that, as a theory about the nature and function of the property of truth, deflationism is well supported. However, deflationary semantics, which combines deflationism about truth with deflationism about meaning cannot be argued for by pointing to the expressive function of the truth predicate.

Having shown that deflationism about meaning cannot be argued for in this way, I develop a challenge to deflationary semantics, the challenge of the contingency of sentential truth conditions. The challenge for the deflationist …

The Contribution Of Interaural Intensity Differences To The Horizontal Auditory Localization Of Narrow Bands Of Noise, Matthew H. Bakke

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Brief bursts of third-octave bands of noise (center frequencies at 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 kHz) and band pass noises with different degrees of low-frequency content (0.5 to 4.0 kHz, 1.0 to 4.0 kHz and 2.0 to 4.0 kHz) were recorded binaurally from 17 different horizontal locations (90 degrees on the left to 90 degrees on the right in 11.25 degree steps) one meter from the ears of an anthropomorphic mannequin (KEMAR) in an anechoic room and a reverberant room. The recorded sounds were processed by attenuating or removing interaural intensity differences and presented to five normally hearing subjects through …

Juergen Habermas And Marx: Critique Of An Incipient Public Sphere, Russell Lee Rockwell

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study examines the relationship of Jurgen Habermas's ideas to those of Marx. A close reading of Habermas's major works, in conjunction with a close reading as well of the Marx texts he analyzes, comprises the thematically first part. The Habermas texts include the following, with original German publication dates: "Between Philosophy and Science: Marxism as Critique" (1960); Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere (1962); Knowledge and Human Interests (1968); Legitimation Crisis (1973); "Reconstruction of Historical Materialism" (1975); and, The Theory of Communicative Action (1981). These texts are shown to contain a two decade-long argument that, (a) the relevance of …

The Women Of The Ten, Twent', Thirt': Popular Melodrama Theatre In Turn-Of-The-Century New York, Barbara Meredith Waldinger

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

During the first decade of the twentieth century, when the population of New York City was growing by leaps and bounds because of immigration, urbanization, and industrialization, a short-lived theatre movement known as the "ten-twenty-thirty," or, more familiarly, the "ten, twent', thirt," was born. Originally named for the low prices of the tickets, the term came to encompass various types of touring companies that travelled throughout the country, resident stock companies, and hundreds of plays, mostly melodramas, written expressly for this movement. Created by enterprising producers, managers, and playwrights, the ten, twent', thirt' catered to the needs of the working-class …

The Writings Of Russell Sturgis And Peter B. Wight: The Victorian Architect As Critic And Historian, Marjorie A. Pearson

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The focus of this dissertation is on the writings of Russell Sturgis (1836–1909) and Peter B. Wight (1838–1925). As part of a movement that professionalized the practice of architecture in the United States, they brought an awareness of the role of architecture to a larger public, both through their buildings and their writings. Their joint beginnings in the American Pre-Raphaelite movement led to their journalistic endeavors in the New Path, published between 1863 and 1865 in New York City. As proselytizers for Ruskinianism in their architectural work and words, this pervasive force was to remain an important influence throughout their …

Ana Mendieta, The Iowa Years: A Critical Study, 1969 Through 1977, Julia P. Herzberg

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation investigates the artistic development of Ana Mendieta (born Cuba, 1948; died United States, 1985) from 1969 to 1977 when she lived in Iowa City, attended the University of Iowa, worked as an art teacher, and established herself as an artist. Mendieta is known for her early performance pieces and earth-body sculptures. From the late 1980s her work has been increasingly included in the contexts of feminist art history, performance, photography, work in nature, body art, self-representation, Cuban art, and transcultural identity. Collected by major museums throughout the United States, her work has begun to be included in surveys …

Parental Stress, Personal Authority, And Family Environment Of Puerto Rican Women, Eduvigis Cruz-Arrieta

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The experience of parental stress (stress related to maternal characteristics such as sense of competence, isolation, and perceived restrictions imposed by the role of mother,its relation to the degree of personal authority within the families of origin —being connected and a part of the family of origin while acting from a differentiated position within it and the discrepancies in perception of the families of procreation vs. the families of origin of 126 Mainland and Island-born Puerto Rican women was examined. The participants' perceptions of three specific family characteristics: cohesion (the degree of commitment, help, and support family members provide for …

Adult Attachment And Maternal Representations Of Gender During Pregnancy: Their Impact On The Child's Subsequent Gender Role Development, Leslie A. Gibson

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study investigated the relationship between attachment, maternal gender representations of the child formed during pregnancy, and the development of sex-typed play at 28 months in 34 mother-infant pairs. Mothers were interviewed during their third trimester using the Pregnancy Interview (PI), a semi-structured interview that assesses women's representations of their babies and their overall experience of pregnancy, and the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI), which assesses adults' working models of attachment. Maternal gender representations were scored using the Maternal Gender Representation Codes which assess subjects' overall narratives regarding the issue of gender with respect to their children during the Pregnancy Interview. …

Indexical Expressions: Syntax And Context, Barbara Bevington

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Indexicals are those expressions in natural language–such as I, you, here, and now–whose reference varies with occasion of use, picking out individuals in virtue of their contextual roles. Although analyses of the semantics of indexicals have been advanced–most notably by Kaplan–their syntax has heretofore been largely ignored. This dissertation puts forth a theory of the syntax of indexical expressions, within the framework of generative grammar, and proposes a new model of the formal context for natural language.

The central argument against prior accounts of indexicals is that such theories draw the distinction between the first and second person pronouns versus …

Feeding Ecology And Aspects Of Life History In Microcebus Rufus (Family Cheirogaleidae, Order Primates), Syivia Atsalis

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Annual fluctuations in body fat and activity levels, and feeding behavior in relationship to environmental seasonality were investigated in Microcebus rufus for 17 months in Ranomafana National Park, Madagascar.

Cyclical changes in thermoregulatory behavior occur in some small mammals during periods of environmental stress. It is common to associate the seasonal fattening and torpor characteristic of some Cheirogaleidae with the markedly seasonal climate and resource availability in west coast dry forests where most studies on cheirogaleids have taken place. Furthermore, primates of small body size are expected to include a high proportion of insects in their diet to meet protein …

The Relationship Between Internal Object Representations And Affective Style: A Tat Study, Robin B. Kerner

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study explored the relationship between internalized object representations and interpersonal affective style (AS). Subjects were drawn from a sample of families participating in the Yale Psychiatric Institute Family Study (Diamond & Doane, 1994). The present study examined only the parents in these families (N = 70). At the time of their child's psychiatric admission, these subjects were administered the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) and participated in a family interaction task in order to assess their affective style (AS; Doane et al., 1981). TATs were scored utilizing Westen's (1985, revised 1989) Social Cognition and Object Relations Scale (SCORS). It was …

Ghosts In The Machine: The Black/Africanist Presence In The Sea Novels Of Edgar Allan Poe And Herman Melville, Peter F. Decataldo

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The attempt to situate historically the connections between African blacks and the sea represents just one aspect of the broader effort to assess how the presence of blacks operated to determine the language, choices, representations, and directions of the narratives that Poe and Melville set at sea. What is proposed here is a rethinking of American sea fiction from the unique perspective of its racial dynamics, especially with regard to what Toni Morrison has called the "Black/Africanist presence" in American literature, a presence that she justifiably claims to have been silenced, degraded, and distorted in American criticism. This work examines …

The Calamus Root: American Gay Poetry Since World War Ii, Walter Ralph Holland

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation argues that there is a clear gay poetic tradition dating back to nineteenth century Europe, and it describes an historical taxonomy for gay poetry in America since 1945 by reference to its characteristic themes, influences and leading figures. After a brief discussion of early precursors such as Paul Verlaine, Arthur Rimbaud, Walt Whitman, C. P. Cavafy, Hart Crane, Langston Hughes and W. H. Auden, the dissertation traces, through close explication of texts, the works of Harold Norse, Allen Ginsberg, Tennessee Williams, Frank O'Hara, Adrian Stanford, Richard Howard, Alfred Corn and Essex Hemphill. The influences on such poets of …

The Role Of Political And Sexual Identity In The Works Of Klaus Mann, James R. Keller

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This critical study of Klaus Mann attempts to determine the role of sexual and political identity in his works. By examining such recurrent thematic patterns as the work of art as progeny, supernatural births, the image of the writer as soldier and monk, or obsession with death, among others, the study finds in Klaus Mann a characteristic sense of "social self-identity." The study considers Mann's fiction and non-fiction prose, drama, and diaries to show the interrelationship between his political development as an anti-fascist and his sexual identity as a gay writer.

The theoretical approach to Mann's works contrasts earlier twentieth-century …

The Ideal Catalogue House: Mail-Order Architecture And Consumer Culture, 1914–1930, Evie T. Joselow

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation explores the mail-order house and its relation to aspects of consumer culture, establishing a context for understanding its popular appeal and its notable presence in the competitive housing market between 1918 and 1930. Fueled by a demand for housing, and widely promoted during a period of economic prosperity which ushered in an interest in consumerism associated with home ownership, the mail-order house, assembled from pre-cut lumber and sold by mail-order suppliers, represented an affordable and appealing means for consumers to acquire the aesthetic and material elements associated with the ideal house and home.

The dissertation articulates the popular …