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Speciation Of Gaseous Oxidized Mercury Molecules Relevant To Atmospheric And Combustion Environments, Francisco J. Guzman

Dissertations

Mercury is a pervasive and highly toxic environmental pollutant. Major anthropogenic sources of mercury emissions include artisanal gold mining, cement production, and combustion of coal. These sources release mostly gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), which upon entering the atmosphere can travel long distances before depositing to environmental waters and landforms. The deposition of GEM is relatively slow, but becomes greatly accelerated when GEM is converted to gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) because the latter has significantly higher water solubility and lower volatility. Modeling GOM deposition requires the knowledge of its molecular identities, which are poorly known because ultra-trace (tens to hundreds part …

Statistical Machine Learning Methods For Mining Spatial And Temporal Data, Fei Tan

Dissertations

Spatial and temporal dependencies are ubiquitous properties of data in numerous domains. The popularity of spatial and temporal data mining has thus grown with the increasing prevalence of massive data. The presence of spatial and temporal attributes not only provides complementary useful perspectives, but also poses new challenges to the representation and integration into the learning procedure. In this dissertation, the involved spatial and temporal dependencies are explored with three genres: sample-wise, feature-wise, and target-wise. A family of novel methodologies is developed accordingly for the dependency representation in respective scenarios.

First, dependencies among discrete, continuous and repeated observations are studied …

Epitaxial Growth Of Iii-Nitride Nanostructures And Their Optoelectronic Applications, Moab Rajan Philip

Dissertations

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) using III-nitride nanowire heterostructures have been intensively studied as promising candidates for future phosphor-free solid-state lighting and full-color displays. Compared to conventional GaN-based planar LEDs, III-nitride nanowire LEDs exhibit numerous advantages including greatly reduced dislocation densities, polarization fields, and quantum-confined Stark effect due to the effective lateral stress relaxation, promising high efficiency full-color LEDs. Beside these advantages, however, several factors have been identified as the limiting factors for further enhancing the nanowire LED quantum efficiency and light output power. Some of the most probable causes have been identified as due to the lack of carrier confinement in …

Engineered Excipients Via Dry Particle Coating, Liang Chen

Dissertations

Excipients with good flowability, bulk density as well as compaction properties are desired for use in tableting since they play important roles in formulation development and processing, including, handling, mixing, feeding and compaction. However, it is often difficult to manufacture excipients that simultaneously possess all three desirable properties, particularly if their size is fine. In addition, it is desirable that the excipients promote direct compression of poorly compactable fine cohesive drug powders at sufficiently high drug loading, and not just achieve the desired high functional properties in placebo formulations. This dissertation aims to developed engineered excipients towards this unmet industry …

Temporal And Functional Cortical Aspects Related To Mirror Visual Feedback During Target-Directed Movement In Healthy And Stroke Individuals, Maryam Rohafza

Dissertations

Stroke is the leading cause of disability in the United States (American Heart Association, American Stroke Association) affecting 800,000 individuals annually (i.e., one person every 45 seconds). Therapy for stroke often uses repetitive task practice, which is difficult to perform for patients due to impairment. Mirror visual feedback (MVF) based rehabilitation uses the effect of observing the mirror reflection of volitional movement of one limb, to activate visuomotor brain areas that process movement of the opposite limb. In persons with hemiplegia due to stroke, exercising the less affected limb while observing its reflection, perceived by them as the motion of …

The Moral Certainty Or Uncertainty Of Nurses Regarding End-Of-Life Treatment Decisions, Mary Ellen Wurzbach

Dissertations

Much has been written about the importance of decision-making in nursing ethics, but few research studies have been completed which examine nurses' ethical decision-making. In order to address this absence of research, two concepts that are integral to nurses' ethical decision-making were analyzed: moral certainty and moral uncertainty. These concepts were studied in the context of the issue of withholding or withdrawing artificial nutrition and hydration. This issue was chosen as an exemplar of issues about which nurses feel morally certain or uncertain. The research questions addressed by this research were: (a) Are nurses morally certain or uncertain about whether …

Kids These Days: Increasing Youth Engagement In Community Heritage And Social Justice Through The Implementation Of A Youth Participatory Empowerment Model, Melanie Canaday-Talley, Lindsay Clemens, Amanda J. Dworak Rowland, Mary Gillis, Curlinda Mitchell Blacksheep, Jancarlos Jose Romero

Dissertations

The purpose of this co-authored, qualitative, action research study was to examine how to empower youth to become active participants in their communities. Citizen engagement in community and public life is vital to a healthy democracy and young people have a unique place in community citizenry, but are often dismissed or excluded from decision-making. The research team developed a model, the Youth Participatory Empowerment Model (YPEM), to guide youth through a process of identifying and engaging a community heritage or social justice need in their community. The team assembled a guidebook of activities to engage groups in difficult self, group, …

The Relationship Of Leadership Patterns To Usage Patterns And Suitability Of Information Technology For Decision-Making Of Nursing And Non-Nursing Academic Administrators In Higher Education, Martha J. Morrow

Dissertations

This dissertation describes the relationship of leadership patterns to computer usage patterns and the suitability of information technology for decision making among academic administrators in higher education in the Nursing departments and Arts and Science Departments of universities in the United States and its provinces.

Increasing Parental Competency By Demonstration Of Newborn Behavioral Characteristics, Mary Jane Hamilton

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the question: Does an explanation, demonstration, and return demonstration of the Infant Behavioral Assessment Record by a nurse and new parents increase maternal and paternal observed and perceived parental competence?

Legal Accountability And Nonprofit Governance: An Exploratory Quantitative Study Of Board Member And Executive Knowledge Of Fiduciary Duties, Crystal Trull

Dissertations

United States nonprofits are governed by boards of directors who have legal responsibilities based on the fiduciary duties of care, loyalty, and obedience. Boards, along with the chief executive, are held responsible to fulfill these standards which are designed to hold nonprofits legally accountable to carry out their tax exempt purpose by using organizational resources for the intended purpose, avoid conflict of interest, and ensure compliance. However, despite this weighty responsibility and the voluntary nature of nonprofits, no standardized process exists to educate nonprofit leaders about their legal responsibilities.

While governance is a key area of nonprofit research, there is …

Employee Engagement And Burnout: A Quantitative Study Of Their Correlations With Job/Organizational Satisfaction, Sarah Burnett

Dissertations

Since Kahn introduced the concept of employee engagement in 1990, the focus on motivating employees has been en vogue in practitioner literature. The federal government as well now measures its agencies annually on how well they implement conditions conducive to engagement. Federal agencies are also ranked annually as “Best Places to Work” based on their aggregated score on three survey items deemed to represent job/organizational satisfaction. The concept of burnout, or the so-called “erosion of engagement”, however, has received significantly less attention. To begin to fill this void in the literature, secondary survey data from the 2017 Organizational Assessment Survey …

Mental Health Nurses' Imagination, Power, And Empathy: A Descriptive Study Using Rogerian Nursing Science, Maureen B. Doyle

Dissertations

The researcher developed a perspective on empathy derived from Rogers' (1970, 1994) Science of Unitary Human Beings. Building on Barrett's (1983) Rogerian theory of power as knowing participation in change, the researcher proposed that empathy and power would change relative to each other and relative to the creative manifestation of human imagination. Using a descriptive correlational design, three hypotheses predicting that empathy, power, and imagination would each be related positively to one another were tested.

The Relationship Between Two Types Of Artificial Lighting And Restlessness As Manifested By Level Of Activation And Motor Activity In The Elderly, Ann F. Kolanowski

Dissertations

The researcher's purpose in this study was to investigate a proposed relationship between the spectral power distribution of two different fluorescent lights and two measures of restlessness, motor activity and level of activation. Motor activity was measured using Down's and Fitzpatrick's (1926) Motor Activity Rating Scale. Level of activation was measured using Hoskins (1978) alternate forms of Thayer's Activation-Deactivation Adjective Check List. The spectral power distribution of fluorescent lights was selected as a stimulus which might induce restlessness because different colors are known to have different arousing potentials. A General Electric Chroma 50 lamp provided broad spectrum fluorescent lighting. This …

Self-Selected Distraction For Acute Procedural Pain In Adolescents: An Intervention Feasibility Study, Debra A. Jeffs

Dissertations

This feasibility study evaluated all phases of the planned main study. The study tested the effect of self-selected distraction on acute pain perception in adolescents undergoing allergy skin testing. Distraction is a cognitive-behavioral nonpharmacologic nursing intervention used to divert attention from painful stimuli, which is supported by the gate control theory and distraction framework. A developmental model of adolescence provided a framework for testing self-selected distraction with adolescents for whom choice and control are important developmental concerns.

What is the effect of distraction on acute procedural pain perception in adolescents? Specifically, what is the effect of self-selected distraction, rather than …

Early Outcomes From Mild Traumatic Brain Injury From Child And Proxy Perspectives, Pamela Pieper

Dissertations

Approximately 70-90% of traumatic brain injuries are mild, with a worldwide incidence greater than 600 per 100,000 people. Previous studies of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) have not included child perspectives or children discharged from the Emergency Department.

This study evaluates, from perspectives of children and their proxies, whether children who have sustained an mTBI return to pre-injury levels of HRQoL by 1-month post-injury and whether their HRQoL is different from that of mild non-brain injured or uninjured children at either time point. It also compares child/proxy dyad ratings of the child's HRQoL.

Clinical Decision-Making Among Nursing Students: An Interpretive Study, Ann Hanson White

Dissertations

Clinical decision making has been identified as one of the most important contributions made by the professional nurse in the care of patients. Yet as a discipline, we continue to question what factors influence the development of clinical decision making skills. The purpose of this study was to identify how nursing students learn clinical decision making. Heideggerian phenomenology and hermeneutical analysis provided the framework and method for the study.

Experienced Engagement In Appreciative Advising Of Adjunct Professors In Community College Education, Margaret Kenrick

Dissertations

Purpose: The purpose of this explanatory sequential mixed-methods study was to identify what Appreciative Advising strategies were used by adjunct professors to engage community-college students when participating in Appreciative Advising. The study was also designed to describe the experiences of the adjunct professors as they implemented the strategies of Appreciative Advising with students. In addition, it was the purpose of this study to describe the benefits and challenges adjunct professors experienced when participating in Appreciative Advising. Finally, this study sought to describe the impact to teaching practices experienced by adjunct professors who participated in Appreciative Advising.

Methodology: This study used …

Early Identification And Intervention In Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Using An Implantable Cardiac Monitor To Significantly Improve Guideline-Based Anticoagulation Therapy In An Outpatient Cardiology Clinic, Lisa Alvarez

Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to (a) examine the demographics of patients receiving care in an outpatient cardiology clinic, (b) describe the relationship between the atrial fibrillation (AF) and other variables (e.g., BMI), (c) examine the frequency and the length of time to AF diagnosis in patients implanted with an implantable cardiac monitoring (ICM) device, (d) observe provider patterns of treatment with oral anticoagulants (OACs), and (e) investigate documented considerations to either diagnose or rule out OSA in a group of outpatient AF patients in a cardiology clinic.

Background: AF is largely undiagnosed but can cause major morbidity and …

Experiences Of Homeless Vietnam Veterans In Deciding To Access Or Not Access Health Care, Susan K. Lee

Dissertations

Homeless Vietnam Veterans (HVV) report their health status as poor, indicating a multitude of health concerns, including physical and psychological problems, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and alcohol or drug dependencies. Prompt attention to health care may improve the prognosis; however, HVV tend to delay seeking medical attention. The purpose of this study was to explore the process utilized by HVV to make the decision to access or to not access health care services. According to inclusion criteria of the study, all participants served in the US military during the Vietnam War.

Nurses' Perceptions Of Collaborative Nurse-Physician Transfer Decision-Making As A Predictor Of Patient Outcomes In A Medical Intensive Care Unit, Linda W. Higgins

Dissertations

This prospective correlational study examined nurses' perceptions of collaborative nurse-physician transfer decision making as a predictor of patient outcomes in a medical intensive care unit (MICU), adjusting for risk.

The Meaning Of Health Among Midlife Russian-Speaking Women In The United States, Lenore K. Resick

Dissertations

This study sought to explore the meaning of health among midlife Russian-speaking women from the Former Soviet Union. A hermeneutic, phenomenologic, descriptive and interpretive design following the Utrecht School was used.

The Effects Of The Mother's Appraisal Of Her Employment Status On The Preterm Infant's Development At 3 Months, Joanne M. Youngblut

Dissertations

The issue of whether maternal employment has negative consequences for the child has been frequently studied, although with conflicting results. Only one study has been reported that examined the effects of maternal employment on preterm infants. With more mothers of children under 1 year of age in the labor force and with improvements in preterm infant care, it is important to examine the effects of maternal employment for this group. In addition, with the mixed results obtained in previous studies, it is important to explicate the process by which these effects might occur.

The Relationship Between Cognitive Development And Decision-Making Regarding Adolescent Sexual Activity: Instrument Development And Validation, Mary E. Auterman

Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to develop and validate an instrument which measures decision making in situations which may lead to sexual activity in adolescents, and the impact of cognitive development on that process. Several potential intervening variables were identified. Piaget's theory of cognitive development provided the theoretical basis for the study (Inhelder & Piaget, 1958). The study consisted of three phases: (1) development of the instruments to measure decision, the intervening variables, and cognitive development, (2) pilot testing the instruments, and (3) a construct validity study.

An Investigation Of The Ability Of The Minnesota Early Childhood Screening Program To Predict Educational Achievement In Third Grade Children, Martha Dewey Bergren

Dissertations

The ecological model assumes school, community, family, and friends shape child outcomes. Minnesota mandates comprehensive Early Childhood Screening (ECS) for preschool children including vision and hearing, and cognitive, language, motor, growth and speech, with optional screening for health, behavior, and life stresses. Children meeting federal criteria for special education programs are recommended for interventions. Children with less serious health and/or behavior problems or who lack sufficient resources may also be at risk for academic difficulties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of family, health, development, behavior, and stress data collected at Minnesota ECS to predict grade …

Exploring Student Perceptions Of Retention Issues In A 3-Year Baccalaureate-Level Nursing Program, Rebecca L. Taulbee

Dissertations

The nursing shortage, a major concern for the United States, has a multitude of causative factors. Nursing education has been tasked with helping to decrease the shortage of qualified registered nurses. Poor retention of nursing students in higher education is impacting the number of qualified nurses entering the workforce. Nursing education has historically been a high attrition area due to the stress and rigor of the curriculum. The general problem is that a severe and worsening shortage of registered nurses is increasingly putting the health and well-being of society at risk. The purpose of this qualitative, multiple-case study was to …

Talk And Backtalk: Negotiating Cervical Cancer Screening Among Appalachian Women In West Virginia, Wendy D. Grube

Dissertations

Cervical cancer, once a major killer of women, still remains a quiet threat to the lives of discreet populations within the United States. Women living in Appalachia are among those most vulnerable to this disease primarily due to lack of participation in screening programs. Despite efforts of government subsidized programs to educate, enroll and provide screening facilities throughout high-risk areas, unacceptable rates of inadequately screened women persist. Little is known about the reasons Appalachian women do not seek screening. The literature identifies sociodemographic data related to screening, and suggests that healthcare providers play a significant role in women's participation in …

A Quantitative Study Examining Project Lead The Way Gateway Program Outcomes In A Suburban School District, Patrick Joseph Bellinger

Dissertations

Within the confines of this study, the Researcher investigated Project Lead the Way (PLTW) Gateway program outcomes at a Midwest suburban school district. The study examined specific academic achievement outcomes and attitudes regarding STEAM courses and STEAM careers among students who completed at least one semester in a middle school PLTW Gateway program. The Researcher attempted to determine if there was a difference in student attitudes related to STEAM between students who enrolled in a PLTW Gateway course and students who never enrolled in PLTW Gateway, as determined in an online survey. The Researcher also attempted to determine if there …

A Quantitative Case Study On School Climate, Student Behavior, Student Achievement, And Classroom Facility Factors In An Urban Midwest High School, Shamonda Owens

Dissertations

This research was a quantitative case study on the possible relationship between school climate, student behavior, student achievement, and classroom facility factors in an urban Midwest high school. Specific variables included lighting, wall color, classroom temperature, school climate, student behavior, and student academic achievement. The researcher collected the following data: student behavior, number of out of school suspensions (OSS) students received in 2014 through 2017, End of Course data, 2014-2017, in the areas of Biology, American Government, English I, and English II. To measure school climate, the researcher used the district’s annual climate survey. School climate survey data measured student …

Supervisor-Subordinate Conflict Negotiation: Examining The Core Concerns In Light Of Communication Accommodation And Gender Roles, Piyawan Charoensap-Kelly

Dissertations

This quasi-experimental study examined a supervisor-subordinate negotiation of an emotion-laden conflict from the lens of the core concerns framework, communication accommodation theory, and gender roles research. Results empirically support CCF that, by accommodating or attending to the employees’ core concerns, managers can stimulate employees’ positive emotion and integrative intention. However, under- and overaccommodating the core concerns can lead to distributive intention. Additionally, the employees’ perception of manager goodwill can strengthen or attenuate the positive effect of core concerns accommodativeness on outcome variables especially for male managers. Thus, moderate accommodation is recommended for male managers. For female managers, the results show …

Soft Skills In Mississippi Community Colleges' Online Career And Technical Programs, Joanna Sue Alston

Dissertations

Soft skills are an essential piece in the employment puzzle, and most students’ behavioral characteristics require development, if not complete transformation, before learning can subsequently be transferred to the workplace. To that end, this facet of occupational education in community colleges’ online courses was in need of exploration to determine whether instructors were having success in implementing instructional and assessment methods for both teaching and grading students’ soft skills behaviors. This mixed methods study narrowed the focus of an extremely broad topic to four skills, specifically communication, critical thinking, teamwork, and work ethic. A look at how those skills related …