Digital Commons Network^™

Skimmer Detection On Payment Terminals, Adam Ratica

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to an apparatus and a method for efficiently detecting skimmers on ATM/POS machines. The apparatus and method sends images of ATMs/ POS machines to a central service. LIDAR is used to take a detailed 3D image of the ATMs/ POS machine and the service generate a complete 3D model. The service include a database of different vendor ATMs/ POS machines, known skimmers, and a history of GPS coordinates and LIDAR 3D information. In an instance in which the LIDAR and images doesn’t match a known Vendor and/or past LIDAR/Image and GPS data do not match the …

Measuring Documentation Effectiveness From Page Engagement And User Actions, Varun Bhargava Sankuri, Jacky Hayward, Jacqueline Hyunh Olson

Defensive Publications Series

Traditional metrics of technical documentation fail to capture the business outcome of technical documentation because such metrics only measure engagement with the documentation itself, not the user's actions (product adoption, task completion, etc.) after engaging with the documentation. This disclosure describes techniques to determine the business outcomes of technical documentation and to make prescriptive recommendations to improve the documentation. User actions are divided into on-page engaged behaviors (referring to user interactions with documentation pages) and off-page conversion outcomes (referring to user actions with respect to a product that the documentation corresponds to). A metric, referred to as highly engaged sessions …

System And Method For Ensuring Sequential Event Integrity In Distributed Computing Systems, Manav Shah, Mansi Singh, Debdeep Bandyopadhyay, Shivam Mohan

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure discloses a system and method for ensuring sequential event integrity in distributed computing systems. The present disclosure aims to streamline event management and improve overall system performance. The present disclosure ensures high sequential integrity of interdependent events across distributed computing systems. The present disclosure is also proposed to solve resource contentions within context switching. Further, the system and method may communicate event processing results to all participating systems in batch and real-time mode to avoid redundant processing of the same event.

Automatically Determining Missing Product Attributes Using A Large Language Model, Gokul Pillai, Sandaleen Taqdees, Rishabh Agrawal, Alex Stillwell, Joey Chinoski, Sree Meruva

Defensive Publications Series

To surface products that are relevant to customers, search engines require online merchants to fill in certain attributes relating to their products. However, merchants often do not fill in the requested attributes, which can lead to search results not surfacing the most appropriate products and merchants. This disclosure describes techniques that leverage a large language model (LLM) to automatically determine and assign attributes to products in the inventory of a merchant. Per the techniques, available product information such as product title, category, image, brief description, etc. is used to predict with high probability the values of unfilled attributes. Attributes thus …

Measuring Human Label Consistency By Cross-Batch Ratings Comparisons, Yongzhe Wang, Jeff Rubin

Defensive Publications Series

Evaluating the consistency of human ratings is important for developing and improving machine learning algorithms. For example, such algorithms can be used to identify trends in online video content, including short-form videos. Human-provided ratings are used to calculate metrics that are useful for reporting and algorithm development. However, the human rating process is complex, involving factors such as instruction development, onboarding and training of human raters across different geographies/markets and languages, and obtaining ratings for a diverse set of video content. In all obtained ratings, there is always potential for human error. This disclosure describes techniques to obtain consistency measurements …

Using Baseline Feedback Rates To Dynamically Adjust Customer Service Alert Thresholds, Taliver Heath, Charles Zha, Arthur Wait

Defensive Publications Series

Clusters of similar customer queries can arise at certain times in the lifecycle of a product or service, e.g., during a software release, during a service outage, etc. At such times, customer support can experience challenges in efficiently escalating emerging issues reported by customers. This disclosure describes techniques that enable rapid and automated categorization of customer issues for a product or service. Using the described techniques, clusters of similar issues can be recognized and the issue escalated as necessary. Machine learning (e.g., large language models) or other categorization techniques are applied to categorize reported customer issues. Categories are ranked into …

Augmented Reality User Feedback And Visual Heatmap For Retail Environments, Ramprasad Sedouram, Manasa Babu

Defensive Publications Series

Customers that visit a retail store can provide user-generated content such as photos or videos of the store, feedback regarding the store or individual products sold by the merchant. This disclosure describes techniques that enable users that wear augmented reality (AR) devices such as smart glasses to capture user-generated content via such glasses. The user can use gestures such as thumbs-up/down or palm motion to provide ratings and can also provide information for structured questions via suitable gestures. The user feedback can be mapped to the specific parts of the store that the user is looking at by capturing photos/videos …

Providing Real Background For Videoconferencing Via Virtual Reality Headset, Jason Feinstein

Defensive Publications Series

When a user participates in a video conference while wearing a virtual reality headset or other head-mounted device, inward facing cameras and sensors of the device are used to obtain data that, together with a face model of the user, can be used to provide an animated avatar of the user as the user’s video in the video conference. However, this video needs to be depicted on a virtual background since video data about the user’s real environment is not available. This disclosure describes a headset with rear-facing and/or side-facing cameras or other sensors that, with user permission, capture images …

Eye Tracking Driven Dynamic Glanceable Passthrough Window For Extended Reality, Kathleen Bryan, Shiblee Hasan

Defensive Publications Series

Virtual reality (VR) and extended reality (XR) devices offer an immersive experience to users. However, such an immersive experience can create a disconnect from the real world for users. Events or distractions in the physical world around the user can necessitate a rapid context switch between the virtual and physical environment. This disclosure describes techniques that enable temporary access to real world visuals for users wearing a VR/XR device without the user having to remove VR/XR devices and with minimal disruption of the digital immersion experience. With user permission, the device performs eye tracking to obtain precise understanding of direction …

Improving Avatar Expressiveness With Feature Blending In Parametric Model Space, Yinda Zhang, Rohit Pandey, Sean Fanello, Feitong Tan

Defensive Publications Series

As avatar images become more photorealistic, users may start noticing fine-grained details (e.g., wrinkle movements) that significantly degrade photorealism. This disclosure describes techniques to generate photoreal avatars that can convey nuanced facial expressions. In contrast to traditional single-image-based avatar generation, with user permission, multiple enrollment images of a user with various facial expressions are obtained. The enrollment images are leveraged to model novel facial expressions in the avatar of the user. By following driving signals, the techniques can generate plausible avatar images with accurate facial expressions, including high-frequency details such as wrinkle movements. The techniques help in surpassing the uncanny …

Towards Graph Foundation Models: Learning Generalities Across Graphs Via Task-Trees

Defensive Publications Series

Foundation models aim to create general, cross-task, and cross-domain machine learning models by pretraining on large-scale datasets to capture shared patterns or concepts (generalities), such as contours, colors, textures, and edges in images, or tokens, words, and sentences in text. However, discovering generalities across graphs remains challenging, which has hindered the development of graph foundation models. To tackle this challenge, in this paper, we propose a novel approach to learn generalities across graphs via task-trees. Specifically, we first define the basic learning instances in graphs as task-trees and assume that the generalities shared across graphs are, at least partially, preserved …

Api Driven Priority User Onboarding On A Converged Core Via A Market Place Api Ecosystem, Somaraju Kaki, Seba Olsson, Roy Sindre Norangshol, Yoshi Kurauchi, Arvind Chandrakar, Vaishali Nankani, Poorna Prasad P K

Defensive Publications Series

In a mobile network environment, network congestion due to high loads can result in service slowdown and interruptions, complicating the prioritization of critical services during peak periods and potentially leading to significant revenue losses. Techniques are proposed herein for creating Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) that can be used to provision priority routing functionality at session level granularity per subscriber on a mobility provider platform. The APIs can be made available for third-party developers to create products on top of any API ecosystem and digital marketplace that may be provided to facilitate mobile network management.

Revisiting Graph Homophily Measures

Defensive Publications Series

Homophily is a graph property describing the tendency of edges to connect similar nodes. There are several measures used for assessing homophily but all are known to have certain drawbacks: in particular, they cannot be reliably used for comparing datasets with varying numbers of classes and class size balance. To show this, previous works on graph homophily suggested several properties desirable for a good homophily measure, also noting that no existing homophily measure has all these properties. Our paper addresses this issue by introducing a new homophily measure — unbiased homophily — that has all the desirable properties and thus …

Is Graph Convolution Always Beneficial For Every Feature?

Defensive Publications Series

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in processing structured data. While traditional GNNs typically treat each feature dimension equally during graph convolution, we raise an important question: \textit{Is the graph convolution operation equally beneficial for each feature?} If not, the convolution operation on certain feature dimensions can possibly lead to harmful effects, even worse than the convolution-free models. In prior studies, to assess the impacts of graph convolution on features, people proposed metrics based on feature homophily to measure feature consistency with the graph topology. However, these metrics have shown unsatisfactory alignment with GNN performance and have not …

Calendar-Based Network Configuration Based On Precise Time Of Day Distribution, Luca Della Chiesa, Christian Schmutzer, Reza Nejabati

Defensive Publications Series

Presented herein is a new operating approach for networks based on pre-defined sequences of network states that leverage pre-programmed forwarding tables and precise time synchronization. The operating approach can facilitate calendar-based network topology configurations, which can be applied to packet switching or optical networking, for a variety of artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) applications, as well as to quantum networking.

Active Cooling Of The Electric Motor Winding Head In The Electric Axle Drive Via Axially Arranged Spray Rings, Marcel Stranz

Defensive Publications Series

The content of the new idea is that active winding head cooling with gear oil is integrated in addition to water jacket cooling.

Techniniques For Generating Dynamic Unique Card Identifiers, Yuexi Chen

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are provided for improving the security of a payment card while online/offline transactions. The system includes a payment card which generates Randomized Card Counter (RCC) using Linear Congruential Generator (LCG). The payment card generates a Dynamic Unique Card Identifier (DUCI) using one way function (e.g. Hash). The DUCI is generated based on the RCC and the PAN associated with the payment card. Further, a database is generated based on the RCC and DUCI pair for each PAN. To consume a reduced amount of memory only 1000 pair of RCC and DUCI are calculated for each PAN. Further, the DUCI …

Method For Lossy Compression Of Dsd Audio, Simon Schmidt

Defensive Publications Series

DSD audio is a format, that represents a waveform as a series of 1s and 0s, rather than multibit samples how PCM audio does. Most lossy transform audio codecs, like MP3, AAC, Vorbis and Opus, encode PCM audio, and decode compressed audio back into the PCM format. If DSD audio has to be compressed using auch a codec, it first has to be converted to the PCM format. This conversion is said to introduce audible noise. Therefore it is desireable to have a lossy codec, that can compress DSD directly without resorting to PCM as an intermediate format. This disclosure …

A Semantic Convention For 3mf Files And A Proposal For Its Automated Implementation, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

This article describes a convention to be used when preparing 3MF files, and a proposal for automating its implementation. The convention states that each object within a 3MF file must be distinct (by adding a text label for those objects which appear more than once) and must have unique metadata that unambiguously identify each object. This convention allows for the connection of information from the 3MF files with the telemetry and other parameters produced by 3D printers at the time of printing, the printed objects, and consequently the part metrology measured on these real objects.

A Process For The Preparation Of Samidorphan And Its Intermediates, Msn Laboratories Private Limited, R&D Center; Srinivasan Thirumalai Rajan, Sagyam Rajeshwar Reddy, Bakthavachalam Ananthan, M Maniyarasan And Kansani Yadagiri.

Defensive Publications Series

The present application relates to a process for preparation of the compound of Formula-5, a key intermediate in the production of Samidorphan. Samidorphan, also identified as 17-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4,14-dihydroxy-6-oxomorphinan-3-carboxamide or morphinan-3-carboxamide, 17-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4,14-dihydroxy-6-oxo, is represented by the structural formula-1.

Formula-1 Formula-5.

wherein n is 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5; R is hydrogen, methyl, and allyl.

The present invention also provides a process for the preparation of Samidorphan or its salts.

Thermally Interchangeable Enhanced Busbar, Na

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a thermally interchangeable enhanced busbar for data center use. The busbar addresses the problem of having to proportionally scale the physical size (and weight) of a busbar in order to support increased appliance power demands while still meeting original temperature and safety requirements. The thermally interchangeable enhanced busbar described herein allows for more space within an appliance rack to be allocated to the appliances themselves and enables the opportunity for higher performing rack appliances. The thermal interface of the busbar is a thermally conductive but electrically insulative component. It can span the entire length of the busbar …

Preventing Dust Ingression Into A Foldable Mobile Device, Kodo Lin, Yongho Lim

Defensive Publications Series

This publication describes techniques and apparatuses directed to the prevention of dust ingression into a foldable mobile device (e.g., at a hinge module). The techniques and apparatuses include a flexible seal portion that has an elastic portion configured to conform to the teardrop shape of an inner display and a fabric portion configured to fill a gap between the display and the enclosure(s) of the foldable mobile device.

Adaptive Maximum Fingerprint Touch-Size Threshold For Reduced Unintended Authentication Attempts And Reduced Spoof Accept Rate, Justin Eltoft, Kris Chen, Leo Hsieh

Defensive Publications Series

This publication describes systems and techniques to adaptively adjust a maximum touch-size threshold to ignore inadvertent touches of the display and to accommodate different finger sizes while preventing the use of facsimiles or other objects that may be used in spoof attacks to fool an under-display fingerprint sensor (UDFPS). In aspects, if an object touched to the display exceeds a maximum touch-size threshold, the touch may be disregarded to prevent inadvertent touches of a hand from triggering a fingerprint rejection or to reduce a spoof accept rate (SAR) of attempts to improperly access a device. In other aspects, if an …

Crowdsourcing Reviews Of Reported Content

Defensive Publications Series

Methods, systems, and storage media for crowdsourcing reviews of reported content are disclosed. Exemplary implementations may: receive, by a communication network, a content post; receive a report that the post violates a policy of the communication network; classify, based on the report, a policy violation of the post; determine, based on the classification, to provide the post to one or more users of the communication network or to an administrator of the communication network for review; determine, based on determining to provide the post to the one or more users of the communication network, one or more reviewers to review …

Facilitating A Dynamic Relationship Understanding Of Information Technology Infrastructure Through Tomographic Sources For Cognitive Network Operation, Greg Galvan, Steve Holl, Jason Coleman

Defensive Publications Series

Information technology (IT) networks can experience dynamic changes due to a variety of events (e.g., hardware refreshes, configuration changes, feature updates, etc.). The dynamic nature of such networks can make it challenging to understand and document the relationships between devices, and also between different devices and business services that may be provided by the devices. In order to address such challenges, techniques are proposed herein through which a device's generated events (or logs) can be observed and, from content of the events, pertinent information can be extracted in order to build an understanding of how devices are related to understand …

Improved Process For The Preparation Of (4s)­4-(4-Cyano-2-Methoxyphenyl) -5-Ethoxy-2,8-Dimethyl-1,4-Dihydro-1,6-Naphthyridine-3-Carboxamide, Msn Laboratories Private Limited, R&D Center; Srinivasan Thirumalai Rajan, Sagyam Rajeshwar Reddy, Velishala Praveen, Ghojala Venkat Reddy, Uppalanchi Srinivas, Keshavareddy Navin Kumar Reddy, Parigi Raghavendar Reddy, Karla Mahender Reddy, Bhajani Sai Bhavani

Defensive Publications Series

Abstract:

The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of (4S)­4-(4-cyano-2-methoxyphenyl)-5-ethoxy-2,8-dimethyl-1,4-dihydro-1,6-naphthyridine-3-carboxamide represented by the following structural formula-1, which is referred to as Finerenone.

Formula-1

The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of crystalline form of Finerenone.

Relevance Determination For Multimedia Posts Using A Multimodal Ranker, Saswati Ray, Huy Thong Nguyen

Defensive Publications Series

Many online platforms permit various entities to post multimedia content, e.g., text together with visual content. For example, merchants in online stores, digital maps, etc. can add merchant posts to their account to highlight their merchandise and special offers. Matching text queries provided by users against only the text portion of the multimedia content fails to take into account the visual portion (image) of the merchant post. This disclosure describes the use of dual encoders that allow matching user query embeddings against embeddings obtained from textual content and embeddings obtained from the visual content of the same multimedia post to …

Automatic Detection Of Qr Code Scan Failures And Suggesting Mitigating Actions, Ramprasad Sedouram, Rahul Mullick

Defensive Publications Series

Quick response (QR) codes are used to enable users to initiate digital action such as payment, visiting an online information source such as a menu, etc. by scanning a printed or displayed code by a device camera. Scan failures or lack of network connectivity can result in failures in such actions, potentially leading to lost revenue for merchants that use QR codes. This disclosure describes techniques, implemented with user permission, that perform image analysis to detect QR code scan failures and/or network failures that cause digital actions to fail. A root cause of the failure, such as damaged or poorly …

Generating Text Description For A Photo Story Using A Visual Language Model, D Shin

Defensive Publications Series

Automatically curated photo stories generated by a photo library application are popular. However, such stories currently do not include audio or text to enhance the story. This disclosure describes the use of a visual language model (VLM) (multimodal model) to generate text and/or audio description that provides the context of photographs included in photo stories. The VLM is provided with a system-generated prompt to generate text for a story that finds semantic consistency across a set of selected photographs. The selected photographs are processed by a vision tokenizer and the resulting tokens are fed into the VLM context window. A …

Method For Approximate Content Discovery, Philippe Ombredanne

Defensive Publications Series

Efficient approximate digital content discovery and identification at scale is an important and complex topic.

This proposed method for matching approximate digital content and text fragments consists of these three elements:

1. Content-defined chunking algorithm to split content into fragments and select a subset of these fragments

2. Fingerprinting fragments with a locality sensitive hashing (LSH) function for approximate matching of these fragments. This fingerprint can embedmultiple precision in a single bit string to tune the search precision and organize the search in rounds of progressively increasing precision.

3. Indexing-time approximate matching for deduplication where each new content fragment is …