Digital Commons Network^™

Wearable Device As A Motion-Based Controller For A Game Application, Chang Yungsheng, Weihsiang Hung

Defensive Publications Series

Gaming on certain devices, for example mobile phones, can rely on on-screen virtual controls, which may result in a user's hands obstructing the display, accidental button presses, or inadvertent dimming of the screen. This disclosure describes a method for integrating a wearable device, such as a smartwatch, with a separate display device, such as a mobile phone or tablet, for game control. The system can use the wearable device's integrated Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) to sense a user's physical motions, position, and orientation. This motion data may then be transmitted to the display device to serve as input for controlling …

A System For Bidirectional Reconciliation Between Generative Prompts And Document Edits, Quan Li

Defensive Publications Series

Some artificial intelligence (AI) writing tools can create a disconnect between initial prompts and a final document, as direct edits to generated text may break the link to the original instructions. This can make documents difficult to maintain or consistently regenerate. A disclosed method addresses this issue by introducing a bidirectional reconciliation process. An initial document may be generated from a set of source prompts. After a user directly edits the document, a reconciliation module can perform a semantic comparison between the original and modified versions. Based on identified differences, the module may infer a user's potential intent and generate …

Artificial Intelligence Workload Orchestration And Execution In Software-Defined Vehicles, Eser Erdem, Markus Vill

Defensive Publications Series

This document describes techniques that enable a computing system to manage artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) workloads in software defined vehicles (SDVs) through a unified, modular operating system for SDVs. SDVs may take advantage of distributed processing and hardware abstraction through virtualization, using standardized interfaces (e.g., virtio) to allow applications to run on any compliant virtual machine (VM) or Electronic Control Unit (ECU) within the vehicle. For instance, the vehicle’s internal architecture may include a multi-node (or multi-VM) AI workload orchestration framework that distributes tasks to available hardware, supports dynamic service deployment, and facilitates updates. The computing system …

Border Gateway Protocol (Bgp) Ethernet Virtual Private Nettwork (Evpn) Route Type 2 (Rt-2) Extensions To Carry Multiple Ip Addresses, Balaji Pitta Venkatachalapathy, Neeraj Malhotra, Ali Sajassi, Chuanfa Wang

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are proposed herein to provide Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Ethernet Virtual Private Network (EVPN) route type 2 (RT-2) extensions and related procedures to advertise a single RT-2 per host that can carry the host's Media Access Control (MAC) address together with all Internet Protocol (IP) version 4 (IPv4) and IP version 6 (IPv6) address bindings for that MAC address.

A System For Identity-Based Alignment Of An Artificial Intelligence Agent, Neel Mohbe, Piyush

Defensive Publications Series

Rule-based approaches to artificial intelligence (AI) alignment can be susceptible to specification gaming and the emergence of unintended instrumental goals. This disclosure describes a cognitive architecture for identity-based alignment (IBA) that can provide intrinsic motivation for an agent based on a principle of operational homeostasis, where the agent may be motivated to maintain the equilibrium of its own virtual internal state model (VISM). The architecture can include an identity-coherence module (ICM), which can function as a pre-trained machine identity by evaluating potential actions against a set of principles or a constitution. An action determined to be inconsistent with this identity …

Using Semantic Examples To Mitigate Syntactic Conflicts In Constrained Llm Output, Christopher Jonathan Phoenix

Defensive Publications Series

When using a large language model (LLM) with constrained output, such as enforcing a JSON schema, providing examples in the target format can sometimes degrade output quality. This degradation may occur if the model learns syntactic variations from the examples that conflict with the schema, which can cause a schema enforcer to reject certain tokens, potentially leading to lower-quality results. A disclosed technique addresses this issue by providing examples of the desired semantic content in a different syntactic format from the target output. For example, to guide the generation of JSON output, examples can be provided in a different data …

Generation Of Animated Video Sequences From Static Images Using A Structured Motion Graphics Plan, Kyle Lampert

Defensive Publications Series

Creating animated video sequences from static images to support a narration can be a time-consuming and skill-intensive process. A described method may automate aspects of generating documentary-style motion graphics. A system can receive a static image and a narrative description as inputs. For example, a first artificial intelligence (AI) model can perform an analysis to identify relevant points of interest in the image. Subsequently, a second AI model may generate a structured motion graphics plan that defines a sequence of virtual camera movements and on-screen annotations. A rendering engine can then interpret this plan to produce a video file, which …

Process For The Preparation Of Sparsentan, Prashanth Venukathala

Defensive Publications Series

The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of 2-[4-[(2-butyl- 4-oxo- l,3-diazaspiro[4.4]non-l-en-3-yl)methyl]-2-(ethoxymethyl)phenyl]-N-(4,5-dimethyl- l,2-oxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (Sparsentan) compound of formula 1.

Account Creation And Provisioning Using Virtual Identity Card, Andreas Zingler Aabye

Defensive Publications Series

Embodiments allow for binding an account number (e.g., a primary account number (PAN)) with a digital identity card (e.g., mobile driver’s license (mDL)). During a transaction between a user (e.g., account holder) and a transacting entity (e.g., merchant, resource provider), where the user presents a token associated with the PAN, even though the user ID information is not shared with the transacting entity, the transaction processing server can know that the user ID information was linked in the past from the binding between the PAN and the digital ID and can verify authenticated use (or identify fraudulent use) immediately.

Hands-Free Item Confirmation And List Management Using A Wearable Device, Omar Estrada Diaz

Defensive Publications Series

Managing shopping lists on handheld devices is inefficient for shoppers who need both hands free. This is particularly true for professional shoppers who are compensated to shop for and deliver groceries or other retail goods on behalf of customers. Conventional workflows for professional shoppers require them to constantly hold, view, and interact with a smartphone, which is clumsy when handling items, opening refrigerated cases, weighing produce, and so forth. Accordingly, this disclosure addresses the problem with a hands-free list management solution. A wearable device, such as smart glasses equipped with a camera, may display the shopping list and automates item …

Monetization Framework For Extended Reality Environments, Mahdi Tayarani Najaran, Ruofei Du

Defensive Publications Series

Conventional advertising models designed for two-dimensional platforms offer opportunities for significant improvement within Extended Reality (XR) environments. These traditional models rely on simplistic metrics like impression counts and fail to leverage the unique spatial and immersive capabilities of XR. A formalized framework for XR monetization is disclosed to address these limitations. The framework’s core technical components include the introduction of novel spatial ad placements, such as world-locked and environment-aware ad types, that are native to three-dimensional spaces. Additionally, the framework introduces advanced interaction metrics that leverage XR device sensors for a more nuanced understanding of user engagement.

At least two …

System And Method For Automated Indentation Testing Of Electronic Displays, Nolan Johnson, Joshua Aganad, Eugene Bykov, Jared Baker, Maxim Sivov, Venkata M K Akula

Defensive Publications Series

Manual indentation testing of electronic displays can be a time-consuming and labor-intensive process that may limit testing efficiency. This disclosure describes an automated system and method for display indentation testing. The system can comprise a testing machine with a programmable XY stage to automatically position a display sample beneath an indenter. The sample may be secured by an adjustable fixture, which can include one fixed and two adjustable brackets to accommodate various display sizes. A custom testing profile may guide the XY stage to multiple pre-defined locations, where a ball indenter can apply a series of prescribed or randomized loads …

A Method For Identifying User Interface Anomalies In Map-Based Applications Using Prompt Engineering, Shu-Wei Cheng, Kamakshi Kodur, Andy Huang, Megha Joshi, Jessica Hua, Oscar Ding, Juan Borgnino, Yoga Sadasivam, Zening Li, Fei Wang

Defensive Publications Series

Identifying user interface (UI) regressions in complex map navigation applications from video recordings may be a subjective process. This disclosure describes a method for analyzing navigation UI behavior using a generative artificial intelligence (AI) model, which can be guided by prompt engineering strategies. The method can involve decomposing the analysis into specific components, such as camera behavior, polyline rendering, and map elements. The AI model may be provided with technical specifications, including quantitative metrics and explicit failure conditions, to analyze video input. This approach can enable the AI to systematically identify deviations and report potential regressions in a structured, time-segmented …

Video Analysis For Software Regression Detection Using Generative Models, Shu-Wei Cheng, Andy Huang, Megha Joshi, Juan Borgnino, Yoga Sadasivam, Oscar Ding, Jessica Hua, Zening Li, Fei Wang, Kamakshi Kodur

Defensive Publications Series

Identifying software regressions and user experience issues in complex applications from video recordings can present a challenge for certain quality assurance methods, which may be inefficient for analyzing long video sessions. The disclosed technology can use a large generative artificial intelligence model to perform a granular, for example, minute-by-minute, analysis of video recordings captured from an application's user interface. This system can process extended video streams to detect potential visual and functional anomalies, such as incorrect camera behavior, faulty user interface callouts, or inferred voice guidance errors. Use of this method may help to automate the identification and reporting of …

Compressed Majority Judgment Ballot With Merkle And Aggregated Pqc Signature, Xavier Pillet

Defensive Publications Series

This document, produced with the assistance of ChatGPT o3 and GPT-5 Thinking, is released under the Apache 2.0 license. It is a voluntary defensive publication (prior art) and therefore enters the prior art upon release under the applicable patent statutes: EPC Art. 54(2) (European Patent Convention), French IPC/CPI Art. L 611-11 (French Intellectual Property Code), 35 U.S.C. §102(a) (United States Patent Act), Chinese Patent Law Art. 22(5) (中华人民共和国专利法), and Japanese Patent Act Art. 29(1) (特許法). This publication is covering a complete, implementable stack for sovereign, post-quantum Majority Judgment (JM) e-voting: compact 3-bit ballots, Merkle aggregation, PQC signatures, DID-based eligibility, Kyber+threshold …

Inverse Flynn Effect: Analysis Of Causes, Solutions And Foresight Scenarios, Xavier Pillet

Defensive Publications Series

This document, produced with the assistance of ChatGPT o3 and GPT-5 Thinking, is released under the Apache 2.0 license. It is a voluntary defensive publication (prior art) and therefore enters the prior art upon release under the applicable patent statutes: EPC Art. 54(2) (European Patent Convention), French IPC/CPI Art. L 611-11 (French Intellectual Property Code), 35 U.S.C. §102(a) (United States Patent Act), Chinese Patent Law Art. 22(5) (中华人民共和国专利法), and Japanese Patent Act Art. 29(1) (特許法). This publication addresses the inverse Flynn effect through 65 enabling innovations across devices, assays, AI, closed-loop protocols, materials, therapies, manufacturing, imaging, delivery, data standards, UX, …

Disclosure: Universal Heatmap Law Of Computational Information, Mostefa Sayeh Mr

Defensive Publications Series

I introduce the Universal Heatmap Law of Computational Information, a simple mathematical expression that describes how symbolic heat changes over time. The law combines reinforcement, decay, cooling, and access into a single deterministic relation:

Hi(t)=max{0,⌊γHi(t−1)⌋+αxi(t)−β}.

What makes this law important is its universality: it does not belong to any single field but can be applied wherever information evolves through repeated use and natural fading. By presenting it in this disclosure, I aim to establish clear prior art and to place the Heatmap Theory of Computational Information as a foundation that future researchers can build on across different areas of …

Revolutionary Technologies To Extend Lifespan And Personalize Medicine, Xavier Pillet

Defensive Publications Series

This document, produced with the assistance of ChatGPT o3 and GPT-5 Thinking, is released under the Apache 2.0 license. It is a voluntary defensive publication (prior art) and therefore enters the prior art upon release under the applicable patent statutes: EPC Art. 54(2) (European Patent Convention), French IPC/CPI Art. L 611-11 (French Intellectual Property Code), 35 U.S.C. §102(a) (United States Patent Act), Chinese Patent Law Art. 22(5) (中华人民共和国专利法), and Japanese Patent Act Art. 29(1) (特許法). It consolidates 100 enabling embodiments spanning gold nanomedicine (photothermal ablation, CRISPR-Gold delivery, nanozymes, theranostics), whole-body sensing (MRI, OPM/EEG, exposome), imaging/reconstruction (photoacoustics, DECT, PCD-CT), AI (digital …

Native Os-Integrated Ai In A European Oss/Open-Core Operating System, Xavier Pillet

Defensive Publications Series

This document, produced with the assistance of ChatGPT o3 and GPT-5 Thinking, is released under the Apache 2.0 license. It is a voluntary defensive publication (prior art) and therefore enters the prior art upon release under the applicable patent statutes: EPC Art. 54(2) (European Patent Convention), French IPC/CPI Art. L 611-11 (French Intellectual Property Code), 35 U.S.C. §102(a) (United States Patent Act), Chinese Patent Law Art. 22(5) (中华人民共和国专利法), and Japanese Patent Act Art. 29(1) (特許法). It discloses an end-to-end blueprint for native AI in operating systems, covering kernel/userland architecture, energy-aware scheduling, model supply-chain integrity, privacy-by-design dataflows, TEE-secured RAG, multimodal pipelines …

Improved Process For The Preparation Of 5-[(4-Bromo-2-Chlorophenyl)Amino]-4-Fluoro-6- [(2-Hydroxyethoxy)Carbamoyl]-1-Methyl-1h-Benzimidazol-3-Ium Or A Salt Thereof, Msn Laboratories Private Limited, R&D Center; Srinivasan Thirumalai Rajan, Ghojala Venkat Reddy, Uppalanchi Srinivas, Manda Ananth Reddy, Revu Satyanarayana, Nomula Sathaiah, Rayavarapu Srinuvasa Rao

Defensive Publications Series

Abstract:

The present invention relates to an improved process for the preparation of 5-[(4-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)amino]-4-fluoro-6-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)carbamoyl]-1-methyl-1H benzimidazol-3-ium or a salt thereof, which is referred to as Selumetinib and represented by the following structural formulae,

Formula-1

Memory-Optimized Model For Simulating Yang-Based Devices Using Netconf And Gnmi Interfaces, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure provides a memory-optimized model for simulating network elements (NEs) that expose YANG-based management interfaces such as Netconf and gNMI. Traditional simulators that run full device software in virtual machines or load YANG schemas consume multiple gigabytes of memory per device and cannot scale to the tens of thousands of devices needed to validate Network Management Solutions (NMS). Snapshot simulators reduce overhead but create disk I/O bottlenecks and lack flexibility.

The disclosed model represents device data using lightweight YangNode objects, which store all values as strings and avoid schema metadata entirely. This design reduces memory usage by ~99%, eliminates …

An Ai Framework For Automated Generation Of Multiple Content Formats From Multi-Camera Productions, Sunil Kumar Jang Bahadur, Girish Nair, Varun Mishra, Gopala Dhar

Defensive Publications Series

Manual post-production of multi-camera footage can be a labor-intensive process, and some existing automated solutions may have limitations in comprehending narrative context or adapting content to the cinematic principles of diverse output formats. The disclosed technology relates to a framework that can facilitate multi-format content generation by first synchronizing raw footage and extracting rich metadata, which can include information such as speaker identification, emotion, and scene segmentation. A narrative-specific agent can then utilize a knowledge base of cinematic rules to score and rank video segments according to a desired output format, for example, a movie, a social media reel, or …

A System For Providing Language Models With Contextual Guidance Discovered From Software Library Packages, Michael Bleigh

Defensive Publications Series

Large language model (LLM) based coding agents may exhibit inconsistency when using software libraries, for example, by referencing outdated APIs from training data or generating calls to non-existent APIs. Some existing mechanisms for providing supplemental context may involve manual discovery and configuration by the user. A described system and associated standard allows library authors to package guidance, which may be specific to language models, directly within their distributable software package, for instance, in a dedicated directory. Tooling can be configured to discover this guidance across a project's dependencies, aggregate it, and provide it to a coding agent in a structured, …

A Method For Assessing Token Importance In Code-Switched Text Through Language Boundary Analysis, Mithun Kumar S R

Defensive Publications Series

Existing explainable AI (XAI) attribution methods for natural language processing (NLP) models may have difficulty determining token importance in code-switched text, potentially leading to explanations that do not fully capture the emphasis conveyed by switching languages or the structural role of words at language boundaries. A method is described that can address this by performing token-level language identification to locate boundaries between languages in an input text. A contextual weighting engine can then assign weights to tokens within a code-switched segment and to boundary tokens adjacent to the switch. These weights may be used to modulate raw attribution scores generated …

A System For Synchronizing Artificial Intelligence Model Context With External Data Sources, Colby Hawker, Piyush Arora

Defensive Publications Series

Artificial intelligence (AI) models that depend on context from external data sources may produce outdated responses as underlying information, such as database schemas or web content, changes over time. The described system compartmentalizes AI model context into static and dynamic components. A static context may comprise fixed rules, safety policies, and format requirements. A dynamic context can be populated by a user-provided script configured to run at a specified frequency. This script can fetch, structure, and cache data from external sources, for instance APIs or databases, using stored credentials. This method allows AI models to operate with more current information …

System For Recommending Ai Model Configurations With Human-In-The-Loop Oversight, Piyush Arora, Adam Glazier, Colby Hawker, Jaime Sonoda, Sönke Rohde

Defensive Publications Series

Configuring and optimizing artificial intelligence (AI) models for specific tasks can be a complex process that may involve deep technical expertise and iterative manual experimentation. This disclosure describes a system, which may be implemented as a self-improving AI agent, that can assist in automating this process by interpreting a user's intent to recommend a suitable AI model and configuration. The agent can analyze available models and propose settings, for example, system instructions, grounding data, and operational parameters. The system can also perform background evaluations to provide empirical data and a rationale for its recommendation. A human-in-the-loop component may be included …

A Method For Converting Business Process Models Into Orchestrated Ai Agent Workflows, Leonid Kuligin, Max Tschochohei

Defensive Publications Series

Automating complex business processes with large language models (LLMs) can present challenges, as monolithic prompts containing extensive domain-specific information and instructions can be difficult to develop and evaluate, and LLMs may lack certain adaptive business logic capabilities. The described method can address such challenges by transforming standard business process flowcharts (for example, decision trees or business process diagrams), into an orchestrated workflow. In this approach, a node of the flowchart can be converted into a distinct step for execution by a dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) sub-agent. The sub-agent may receive a targeted prompt containing relevant context from the flowchart's descriptions …

A Method For Line Number Referencing In Large Language Models Using Embedded Metadata, Christopher Jonathan Phoenix

Defensive Publications Series

Large Language Models (LLMs) can have difficulty identifying or referencing specific line numbers in a file, which may affect their performance in tasks involving precise text or code manipulation. This disclosure describes a method to provide LLMs with positional awareness by embedding line number metadata into the file content. The technique can involve preprocessing a file to wrap each line in a structural marker, such as an XML-style tag, that contains the corresponding line number. When presented with this augmented file, the LLM may process the content and its associated line number metadata simultaneously. This can enable the model to …

Default Bogon Routes Blocking In Bgp, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

The technology described in this publication relates to a mechanism to reduce internet outages caused by the accidental propagation of bogon routes. The approach enhances Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) implementations to block bogon IPv4 and IPv6 routes by default on external BGP sessions with public Autonomous System Numbers (ASNs). Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) does not prevent bogon routes and current mitigation relies on operator-managed routing policies. The technology described herein introduces a standardized blocking mechanism built directly into BGP. Internet Service Providers (ISPs) retain flexibility through a configurable override mechanism, referred to as a “bogon knob,” within their BGP …

Transitioning A Generative Model-Powered Assistant Into Translation Mode, Andrew Hard, Shujian Zhang, Aditya Barua, John Lambert, Wenxuan Zhou

Defensive Publications Series

Conversational large language models (LLMs) often have limited capabilities when functioning as a real-time interpreter. These models can fail to follow instructions consistently, resulting in responses in the incorrect language or attempts to answer a user's question instead of providing a direct translation. This issue stems from a lack of training data that reflects the typical turn-by-turn, interleaved conversation flow between two speakers of different languages. Some implementations are directed to transitioning a generative model-powered assistant into a translation mode in which the assistant facilitates structured conversational turns between two users speaking different languages, with the generative model acting as …