Digital Commons Network^™

Extending Mipi C-Phy Channel Length By Using A Micro-Coaxial Cable And Micro-Coaxial Connector, Sayed Mobin, Xu Wang

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques to passively improve channel length constraints in camera systems. Per techniques of this disclosure, a micro-coaxial cable is utilized in the camera module subsystem to enable extension of the Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI) C-PHY channel length. The camera module is connected to the main logic board (MLB) by using a micro-coaxial cable and a micro-coaxial connector. The camera module subsystem further includes an interposer board that is utilized to connect the camera side flexible printed circuit (FPC). The interposer board includes a micro-coaxial connector to enable the MLB side connection and a B2B connector to …

Constraint-Aware Spatial Planning For Connective Pathways In Structured Environments, Julian Freiberger

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure presents a modular approach for constraint-aware spatial planning of connective pathways within structured environments. It addresses the challenge of defining viable trajectories for routed transmission elements—such as signal and power transmission lines, fluidic tubing, hydraulic piping, pneumatic and other conduit systems, or vacuum lines—while meeting spatial, physical, and design-related constraints.

The system abstracts the configuration space into a segmented spatial representation, builds a dynamic relationship model to enable contextual navigation, and applies multi-criteria evaluation to identify compliant connection traversals. A flexible optimization layer adapts routes to accommodate real-world constraints, supports user-defined preferences, and enables bundling and spatial adaptation …

Closed-Loop Engine Load-Up Control Based On Piston Head Clearance Data, Jürgen Binder, Markus Weber, Bartosz Rozmyslowicz, Christoph J. Engelbrecht

Defensive Publications Series

A method and system for controlling the power increase (load-up) of large two-stroke ship propulsion or stationary engines is disclosed. Unlike conventional systems using static breakpoints, the invention employs a closed-loop control based on real-time or simulated piston-to-liner clearance data. The outer diameter of the piston head is derived from proximity sensors installed in the cylinder liner or inferred via a thermal-mechanical model using engine operating parameters. Load-up is limited to prevent contact between the piston head and surrounding combustion chamber components. This enables a faster load-up while maintaining safe engine operation.

Multi-Photon-Assisted Laser Interference Heating For Precision Thermal Control, Lisa Tan, Zi Jian Wee, Hock Soon Lim

Defensive Publications Series

Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording (HAMR) technology relies on localized laser heating to temporarily reduce the coercivity of magnetic media, allowing data to be written at higher densities compared to older technologies. However, the resolution of heating in HAMR is constrained by the laser spot size and optical diffraction limits, leading to larger-than-desired thermal footprints. This invention leverages laser interference to achieve sub-spot-size localization of heating, inspired by multi-photon photopolymerization techniques. By carefully designing interfering laser beams, a much smaller effective heating area can be achieved, allowing for increased track density and improved data storage capacity.

This approach minimizes unwanted thermal influence …

Techniques To Facilitate Software-Defined Network Resiliency Against Recursive Routing Denial Of Service Attacks, Sathyanath Kanike, Amjad Inamdar, Mangal Shrirame

Defensive Publications Series

Proposed herein are techniques to address critical risks in modern networking associated with the dependency between overlay and underlay infrastructures. By implementing a mechanism to exclude specific underlay prefixes from overlay routing via a Routing Exclusion Base (REB) and exporting this information to a Routing Information Base (RIB), the techniques proposed herein prevent recursive routing errors, which can lead to service outages and impact business operations. This approach simplifies network management, reduces operational overhead, and diminishes reliance on specialized expertise, providing a universal solution applicable to various routing protocols, such as Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Virtual Private Network (VPN), Segment …

Field-Theoretic Context System (Ftcs), Subhadip Mitra

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes an approach to context processing that models context as interacting fields rather than discrete states. A field-theoretic context system (FTCS) as described herein enables natural context flow, relationship preservation, and dynamic evolution through partial differential equations that govern field dynamics. The FTCS described herein represents an advancement in context processing by replacing discrete states with continuous, evolving fields. This approach more accurately reflects how information behaves in real-world systems. A key aspect is the non-conservative approach of the FTCS by which context can be genuinely created, amplified, diminished, or eliminated as information gains or loses relevance. This …

Decapit8: System And Method For Creating Ai-Optimized Website Representations With Structured Robot Entrances, Renee Gagnon

Defensive Publications Series

Decapit8 provides a system and method for reformatting website content into structured, semantically rich "information cartridges" optimized specifically for machine consumption. It creates a "Robot Entrance" offering tiered summaries, semantic embeddings, knowledge graphs, and explicit reasoning pathways, enabling AI/ML systems to interact efficiently with websites without full re-crawling. This reduces computational overhead, improves agentic reasoning, and establishes a new machine-native web interaction paradigm.

Interfacial Layers With Enhanced Functionalities And Devices Having Same

Defensive Publications Series

Disclosed are interfacial layers with enhanced functionalities, devices having such interfacial layers, and systems and methods of using or producing such interfacial layers and devices. An interfacial layer includes a polymer having a combination of poly(3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and PEDOT bearing an acid moiety (PEDOT-acid). A device includes one or more electrodes, each including a substrate having a surface coated with the interfacial layer. The one or more electrodes are configured to detect one or more electrical signals generated by muscles or nerves of a subject or to apply electrical stimulation to the muscles or nerves of the subject through …

Method, System And Computer Program For Enhancing Travel Recommendation Using Large Language Models, Zhimeng Jiang, Mangesh Shrikant Bendre, Huiyuan Chen, Xiran Fan, Yan Zheng, Mahashweta Das

Defensive Publications Series

Methods, system, and computer program products are provided for enhancing travel recommendation systems using large language models. The solution enhances the current travel recommendation system by leveraging large language models and the Doc2Vec algorithm to better capture and utilize the rich semantic information associated with each merchant. By augmenting merchant information with additional features like emoji representations and using Doc2Vec to generate merchant embeddings, the solution effectively improves the quality and precision of travel recommendations. This leads to a personalized and improved user experience in travel planning and booking.

Biomimetic Nanobots For Heavy Metal Soil Remediation, Suma Mallapragada, Vaishnavi Sankepally

Defensive Publications Series

This defensive publication introduces an innovative approach for heavy metal soil remediation using biomimetic nanobots, designed to autonomously detect, neutralize, and degrade harmful contaminants while ensuring eco-friendliness and sustainability. The nanobots feature a graphene-based outer capsule for structural durability, a gold nanolens for selective ion detection, and a bioengineered pseudo-organelle payload system that enables enzymatic neutralization of heavy metals. Utilizing optical-tweezer-based DNA-polystyrene actuators, the system is capable of movement within the soil, and a self-regenerating mechanism ensures prolonged activity. A NanoIoT-enabled communication system allows real-time monitoring and control with minimal human intervention. The nanobots target common …

Electric Power Assisted Steering (Epas) Gear Rattle Damper, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

This “EPAS gear rattle damper” is important to provide a “Rattle” free driving experience

A System For Real-Time Compliance Management Support, Tarushi Dubey, Sumit Kumar, Mansi Singh, Satyam Raj

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure provides a compliance system 200 for real-time compliance management support, which can provide continuous, real-time support to employees in relation to meeting compliance requirements and regulations. The compliance system 200 is configured for monitoring conversations, identifying a context from the monitored conversations, identifying potential compliance requirements, and offering immediate relevant suggestions to successfully fulfil the compliance requirements.

Dynamic Creation Of Uml Diagrams Using Generative Ai, Shobhit Sahai Saxena, Irshad Alam, Vaibhav Sharma, Umesh Vats, Vijay Kumar Chundury

Defensive Publications Series

Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams are useful for visualizing system architectures and module correlations. However, manual creation of such diagrams can be tedious and time consuming. Techniques are proposed herein to leverage generative artificial intelligence (AI) to automate the creation and updating of UML diagrams, such as Class and Sequence diagrams, by dynamically analyzing codebases. This approach ensures accurate, up-to-date diagrams with approximately 80% efficiency, significantly reducing manual effort. By combining generative AI with dynamic code analysis, the proposed techniques generate comprehensive and accurate UML diagrams across multiple programming languages and frameworks, enhancing communication among stakeholders, improving software quality, maintainability, …

Methods And Systems For Cooling Cryogenic Fluid Stored In A Reservoir, Claus Rarup Lund

Defensive Publications Series

On a shipping vessel, where methane is used as fuel, the fuel is stored as liquid at cooled condition due to the properties of methane. The tank storing the fuel (methane) must be isolated to ensure that methane stays as a liquid. A general challenge with such tanks is that they cannot carry high pressures and due to heat transfer from surroundings to the tank, the methane temperature will begin to rise and boil off, which in terms will increase the pressure in the tank. The gas from this process is called “boil off gas” or just BOG.

Automated Scalable Identification And Removal Of Duplicates Within Structured Data, K. S. Yim

Defensive Publications Series

The presence of duplicate entries within structured data needlessly consumes storage resources and causes inefficiencies by requiring knowledge workers to process the same information multiple times. Currently, identifying and removing such duplicate entries is based on exact lexical matches which fails to detect duplicates that are lexically different but semantically identical. This disclosure describes techniques to automate the identification and removal of semantically duplicate entries within structured data at scale by employing generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) techniques. Per the techniques, named and typed values extracted from a given tuple within the structured data are processed using a GenAI model to …

Morphing Of Media Content, Parantap Sharma, Veenu Mishra, Kanishka Mishra, Shatakshi Gupta, Netri, Ajay Karthik Nama Nagaraj, Saumya Rangani

Defensive Publications Series

Systems and techniques are described as providing an enhanced and more pleasurable experience for a user when viewing media content. The user may interact with a television (TV) application running on a media player. The TV application may interface with media content providers to fetch media content for streaming to and viewing on the media player by way of the internet. The media player may be a computing device (e.g., a Smart TV, a tablet computer, a smart phone, a laptop computer, a mobile computing device, a desktop computing device, etc.) connected to a network and interfaced to the internet. …

Securing The Future Of Ai: A Deep Compliance Review Of Anthropic, Google Deepmind, And Openai Under Soc 2, Iso 27001, And Nist, Ramkumar Bharathan

Defensive Publications Series

As foundation models like Claude, Gemini, and OpenAI become integral to enterprise AI solutions, the need for rigorous, standards-aligned security evaluation grows. This paper presents an expert-level comparative audit of the SOC 2 controls implemented by Anthropic, Google DeepMind, and OpenAI, drawing from public attestations, model cards, and technical documentation. Going beyond traditional compliance, the assessment incorporates frameworks from ISO 27001, NIST, and AI-specific risk models to benchmark each provider’s security maturity across five domains: organizational governance, infrastructure controls, operational security, data protection, and AI-specific safeguards.

Key findings indicate that Google demonstrates enterprise-grade maturity with advanced automation, zero-trust architecture, and …

Filtering Low Quality Query Recommendations, Jap Leen Kaur Jolly, Karan Rai, Paritosh Shroff, Stephanie Saade

Defensive Publications Series

Some search engines provide query recommendations that suggest additional queries related to a user’s original query. Low-quality query recommendations can be irrelevant to the user’s information need and degrade the user experience. This disclosure describes techniques to filter low-quality query recommendations such that they are not displayed to users. The filtering is performed by evaluating a set of candidate query recommendations based on query recommendability scores along three quality-related dimensions - content, formulation, and flavor. Additionally, updateworthiness for a query recommendation can also be used. Implementation of the techniques can raise the quality, utility, and trustworthiness of query recommendations and …

Tooling For Transferring The Scribe Line For Mwd Tools While Rig Up, Baker Hughes Company

Defensive Publications Series

Problem Statement:

As per procedure the way of Scribing a measurement while drilling tool (MWD) or any other tool on a Drilling Rig Floor visually through eye measurements for a mark far from Directional Driller (DD) and Field Service Engineer (FSE) by around 20 m which leaves space for human error, may lead to inaccurate tool face and cause miss sliding path with facing difficulties to reach the target point ‘’ Inclination, Azimuth and tool face ‘’.

Providing Residence Time Over Srv6 Transport For Precision Time Protocol, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure outlines a streamlined method for precise timing synchronization using Precision Time Protocol (PTP) over Segment Routing IPv6 (SRv6) networks lacking native PTP support. Specifically designed for timing-sensitive 5G applications, the approach leverages SRv6 headers to efficiently manage timing information without extensive packet-level processing. Provider Edge (PE) devices identify and flag PTP packets, intermediate nodes calculate and embed packet residence times into the Segment Routing Header (SRH), and egress nodes update this information into the PTP payload. This method significantly reduces complexity and enhances scalability in SRv6-enabled transport networks.

Personalized Semantics In Queries, Tim Whalin, Nick Krasney, Gaurav Gupta

Defensive Publications Series

The technology described in this paper relates to providing personalized query results to users based on inferred semantics associated with the query and the user submitting the query. The query may be a search query, a navigation query, an agentic query, or the like. The semantics include, for example, personally meaningful concepts associated with the user submitting the query. The inferred semantics are determined using an artificial intelligence (“AI”) model. The queries can be input in a natural language form. The queries may include user-specific context, such as references to user-specific data related to historical queries, calendar entries, contact information, …

Large Reasoning Models For Route Planning In A Digital Map, Victor Carbune, Sandro Feuz

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes route-planning techniques that leverage large reasoning models to predict route traversal costs based on user-generated content (UGC) and data available in digital map applications. Large reinforcement models, which can advantageously be trained using reinforcement learning (RL), can use sparse and hard-to-interpret signals arising from UGC to extend and to customize routing algorithms for best-path or travel-time queries. Per the techniques, large reasoning models steer the routing algorithm to more effectively estimate the optimal route by introducing user-generated data (e.g., reviews, comments, photos, etc.) into the reasoning chains of a large reasoning model; by causing the large reasoning …

A Method And A Product Design System For User Focus Traps, Emmanuel Addo Narh, Thirumalla Srinivas, Alicia Mae Frausto

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure provides a method and a product design system for user focus traps. The processor of product design system uses react functionality hook useFocusTrap in the product design system Nova React library, providing comprehensive insights into the code references and pseudo code used for the implementation of these hooks. The product design system is an all-encompassing toolkit designed to revolutionize the product design and development process. The product design system provides a centralized library of assets and guidelines to ensure consistency and efficiency.

Machine Learning Assisted Optical Module Assembly

Defensive Publications Series

The subject disclosure relates to providing an OM assembly through the assistance of ML to rapidly align the optics (e.g., a lens module) to the image source (display). This is done by using simulated optics parameters including optics tilt, decenter, surface center, and so on from the optical design and/or from real manufactured part data to train the ML model on the best optimal alignment optics (e.g., lens module) with input image(s) to drastically reduce the associated CT of the process.

Wear Indication For Downhole Tools Hardfacing Application, Baker Hughes Company

Defensive Publications Series

Determination of the amount of wear on a downhole tool’s body at the rig site is necessary for certain downhole tools in order to decide if the measurement instrument needs to be re-calibrated. A slot with steadily increasing depth (tilted slot) is suggested to replace the previously used series of holes of different depth. By making the slot long enough, i.e. the angle shallow, the problem of gauging small depth differences is transformed into a relatively coarse measurement of length differences. Said method can for example be applied to all nuclear logging while drilling (LWD) tools, especially the gamma density …

Automated Distributed Denial Of Service Defense And Quality Of Service Classification Techniques For Internet Of Things Events, Chandra Ganguly, Alec Hothan, Ujjval Shah, Sachin P Raut

Defensive Publications Series

In an Internet of Things (IoT) environment, large IoT processing pipelines can potentially receive events from a very large number of devices and, in some instances, can receive abnormal bursts of events that can degrade overall operations service level agreements (SLAs) if not handled properly. Such abnormal bursts may be caused by one or more rogue devices, or by malicious external actors, but can be difficult to detect and protect against due to the potentially very large number of devices (up to ~100 million or more) that may be present in an environment. To address such issues, techniques are proposed …

Framework To Generalize User Interface (Ui) Client-Side Interaction Data With Large Language Models, Ben Gold, Katie Van Kirk

Defensive Publications Series

For many websites of enterprises that are based in the United States, there may be a number of users that navigate such websites who are not native English speakers. While many artificial intelligence (AI) and/or machine learning (ML) tools may facilitate translation of such websites into other languages, there can be many inconsistencies in the translations offered by such tools, which can lead to AI/ML models becoming biased and/or can lead to enterprise products being viewed as less inclusive. Techniques are proposed herein to standardize the interpretation of non-English language data, which may help to ensure effective generalization across multiple …

Multi-View Video Compositing, In Suk Chong, Ville-Mikko Rautio, Jeremy Dorfman, Thomas Deweese

Defensive Publications Series

This document describes a technique for multi-view video compositing in next-generation video codecs. The technique leverages subpicture and metadata capabilities to enable flexible and efficient composition of multiple video streams into a single display output. It supports various layout configurations, including overlapping and non-overlapping regions, and allows for both codec-side and display-side compositing depending on the complexity of the desired visual effects.

Apparatus, System, And Method For Wide Fields Of Illumination In Eye-Tracking Applications, Jon Bills

Defensive Publications Series

To enlarge the field-of-illumination (FOI), we propose a monolithic emitter solution, where we add the beamshaping functions directly over the light emitters (LED or laser) thorough nano/micro patterning approaches. The typical LED or laser emitter may have a flat finish surface (semiconductor material or some anti-reflection coating layers). In our proposal, we consider directly patterning beamshaping components onto the coating layer or semiconductor material through semiconductor lithography and etch process. Alternative approach may pattern the beamshaping components via imprint or other additive nano/micro manufacturing processes. One advantage to this solution is that the beamshaping function can be engineered to control …

Apparatus, System, And Method For Performing Multi-Wavelength Infield Imaging Based On Low-Index Waveguides For Eye Tracking, Jon Bills

Defensive Publications Series

To enlarge the field of view (FOV) in an artificial reality device, we propose a multi wavelength solution which essentially use two different wavelengths and each wavelength will cover a separate portion of the FOV which was tiled in the camera. However, due to the the grating diffraction, there will have ghost imaging. The ghost imaging will decrease the SNR and cause confusion for the algorithm. To address the ghost imaging problem, we propose 1)to use a dual channel camera so that information from different wavelengths can be separated. 2) one may apply time sequential imagining for each color. For …