Digital Commons Network^™

Product Search Refinements Based On Inventory Data, Aashiya Begum, Kristoffer Lidstrom, Nitzan Ishai

Defensive Publications Series

Store navigation queries can often be broad in nature, with user intent ranging from navigational (getting directions to the store or a link to the store website) to evaluating a store for a visit based on store vibe, inventory selection, product availability, etc. Search results for a local store can be unhelpful if the inventory for the store is unavailable to the search engine. This disclosure describes techniques that reduce or eliminate hurdles in online shopping journeys by displaying product categories and alternative stores that are relevant to a user query. The techniques enable users to continue or start their …

Identifying Risks And Improving Test Coverage In Software Binaries, Shu-Wei Cheng, Kamakshi Kodur, Leila Al-Muhtasib, Christopher Charles Burns, Patricia Legaspi, Bradley Andrews, Andrew Huang

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques to verify test coverage within codebases that are subject to frequent modifications, e.g., codebases under development or maintenance. Codebase areas touched by an added feature are identified and focused upon during testing. Test coverage, both automated and manual, of the changed areas of the code is assessed. Areas requiring additional testing are highlighted and their risk levels visualized with a heatmap. The techniques include services that perform on-device profiling with on-demand start-and-stop; generate heatmaps of code modifications within binaries; list methods and generated test cases; generate mappings from test targets to executed client methods to executed …

Delivering Advertisements With Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (Uavs), N/A

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques to employ UAVs to deliver personalized advertisements selected based on the preferences of user groups at locations in the vicinity of the UAV. The UAV can deliver the personalized advertisements by dynamically moving between locations as appropriate to optimize the return on investment (RoI) for the advertisements. Interests of user groups at different locations in the vicinity of the UAV are determined and matching advertisements are selected. The combinations of location and advertisement are ranked to determine the UAV itinerary. The itinerary is updated dynamically based on changes to the user groups/ interests.

Obtaining Interest Group Identifiers From Url Address Bar, Wei Huang, Zhenyu Liu, Michael Kieber

Defensive Publications Series

API scripts can be used to send information identifying user’s interests from their devices to entities, e.g., content publishers for use in customizing content for the users. However, in some situations, e.g., when a user enters a search query in an address bar of a web browser, the scripts may not be executed. Other techniques can be used to send the information identifying user’s interests, such as macros, HTTP headers, and/or cookies.

Enabling Subscription Awareness For Card Based Payment Ecosystem, Burnnet Tai Lung Or Visa, Richard Stopic Visa, Warren Everard Visa, Hollie Buchanan Visa

Defensive Publications Series

Present disclosure introduces a concept of subscription awareness by requesting merchants to provide subscription details to the network token service provider with cardholder provided card credential. With such subscription information provided, token service provider may tie such information to the token being generated which in turn ties to the card credential and the subscription itself. By having this subscription information flowing in the payment processing networks, a path may be provided where subscription information to flow in the card payment ecosystem between seller, acquirer, network, issuer and ultimately, card holders. Furthermore, with subscription information held along with token within token …

Transnet: Transaction Networks For Tabular Data, Minghua Xu, Huiyuan Chen, Menghai Pan, Yuzhong Chen, Yingtong Dou, Mahashweta Das

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to a technique for implementing data loading in hierarchical pipeline for maximum utilization of computer resources (like GPU, etc.) and to obtain effective prediction performance from the numerical and categorical features. The technique involves dividing the data into chunks of data, batching them to form tensors and loading the batched data to the framework to be executed on the GPU. The framework generates embeddings for the numerical and categorical features identified from the batched data and determines the interactions between the generated embeddings to provide a predictive output.

Using An Attestation Key To Enhance Smart Device Setup Security, Jingjiang Li

Defensive Publications Series

Smart appliances and devices such as thermostats, lights, locks, cameras, doorbells, televisions, refrigerators, ovens, dishwashers, and robotic vacuum cleaners can be connected to the internet. A user may connect to the smart devices using one or more of their computing devices such as a smart phone, a laptop computer, and/or a tablet computer. Once connected to the smart devices which involves the use of one or more applications, the user may individually control each smart device remotely. The user of the smart devices can connect to, control, and monitor their smart devices from within the location of the devices (e.g., …

Highlighting Screen Share Content Based On Audio, Jieyu Tan, Soya Li, Xinxing Zheng

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques described herein combine artificial intelligence (AI)-based audio transcription (speech-to-text) with AI-based sharing content perception (frame-to-text). In particular, techniques provide for identifying spoken keywords/objects/areas during a communication session and highlighting the corresponding keywords/objects/areas on content being shared during the communication session. The highlighting may be performed automatically, dynamically, and instantaneously to point out features in the shared content that are being described or mentioned by a speaker.

Industrial Network Segmentation Model With Sub-Zone And Sub-Conduit Support, Elango Ganesan, Flemming S Andreasen, Michael Freed, Ruben E Escolero

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques described herein provide for models for industrial networks that support the concepts of sub-zones and sub-conduits. The models formalize sub-zones and sub-conduits and define a hierarchy for the sub-zones and sub-conduits. The models include well-defined rules for the creation of sub-zones and placement of assets into the sub-zones based on the hierarchy structure and the creation of sub-conduits between zones and sub-zones with a hierarchical set of communication restrictions based on ancestor conduits.

Rendering Images Based On Metadata Related To Ambient Light Conditions, Sianyi Huang, Jongseo Lee

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques to render an image based on metadata that is related to ambient light conditions of a reference display environment for the image. Ambient light information is detected in the reference environment in which an image is displayed by a reference device. The ambient light information, as well as display brightness and gamma value settings of the reference device, are stored as metadata with the image. When decoding the image for display on a target device, this metadata is used to automatically adjust display brightness and/or gamma value of the target device to match the reference display …

Natural Language Interface Enhanced Camera Using Large Language Models, Kun Wang, Wei Hong, Li Wei

Defensive Publications Series

Modern cameras, including smartphone cameras, are powerful and provide a large set of features that enable users to capture photos/videos in a variety of conditions and per their aesthetic preferences. However, such features are accessed via menus and complex user interfaces that are difficult for a user to navigate. This disclosure describes techniques that utilize a large language model (LLM) to provide a natural language interface to enhance traditional camera functionality. By utilizing an LLM, the user interaction is made more intuitive as users can communicate with their camera using natural language, reducing or eliminating the reliance on complex interfaces, …

Eliminating Bluetooth Audio Glitches Caused By Clock Drift, Dc Xu

Defensive Publications Series

When a device has Bluetooth host and controller clocks that reside on different clock domains, the clocks may drift apart over time (not be synchronized). This can cause communication between the two domains to experience dropped or missed packets, leading to problems such as audio drops, glitches, etc. that affect any protocols that use software codecs which rely on precise timing and clock synchronization. This disclosure describes techniques to reduce the impact of clock drift. These include use of a trigger by the Bluetooth controller, e.g., a general purpose input/output (GPIO) trigger or a hardware interrupt from a host controller …

Content And Environment Based Display Performance Optimization, Fei Wu, Eddy Chen, Stéphane Marchesin

Defensive Publications Series

Display screens consume high power when the display refresh rate is high or when brightness is set to high levels. This is particularly important for LED-backlit LCD and OLED displays and is also true for emerging technologies such as microLED and miniLED displays. High power consumption by the display also causes faster battery discharge and necessitates a larger, high performance battery. This disclosure describes techniques to optimize display performance while reducing power consumption. Display parameters such as refresh rate, brightness, color temperature, content display size, contrast of content, etc. are automatically adjusted by the use of machine learning models that …

Automatically Generating Sos Alerts Based On Automated Periodic Location Uploads, Lance Nanek

Defensive Publications Series

If a person encounters an emergency situation while in a location with no network connectivity and with limited mobility, sending a SOS message is impossible. While some smartphones enable users to notify that they are in an emergency via satellite connection and some applications enable automatic location sharing with chosen contacts, such services are not available on all devices. This disclosure describes techniques that enable a user to configure automatic generation of an SOS alert without needing to rely on periodic manual checks by another person. The user’s mobile phone (or another device) can be configured to upload the user’s …

Efficient Multi-Access Point Queue Status Collection, Malcolm Smith, Brian Hart

Defensive Publications Series

The evolving Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11bn amendment (and subsequent amendments thereof) to the 802.11 standards is anticipated to define a multi-access point coordination (MAPC) spatial reuse (SR) mechanism that can be utilized between access points (APs) for opportunistic transmit opportunity (TXOP) operations in which each shared TXOP is expected to begin with an over-the-air (OTA) exchange of queue statistics for each Basic Service Set (BSS) (e.g., statistics per Traffic Identifier (TID)) between a leader AP and follower APs in a coordination group (CG). Such queue statistics are often referred to as an AP Queue Report (AQRP). …

Authentication State Preservation By Peripherals To Enable Personal Data Access From Paired Primary Devices, Brett Barros, Lauren Wunderlich

Defensive Publications Series

Virtual assistant applications can be accessed directly from a host device such as a smartphone itself or from paired peripherals such as earbuds. In many use contexts, the use of a virtual assistant requires the virtual assistant to be able to access applications on the host device or refer to past interactions with the user. However, for security and privacy reasons, access to such information requires strict authentication. The requirement of physically unlocking the host device is cumbersome. This disclosure leverages the capabilities of wearable devices to retain a connection to a host device while the wearable devices are worn, …

Biometric Privacy And Policy Orchestration For Multi-Vr/Ar Systems, Sudha Katgeri, Amanda L Holst Ph.D., Ana Montenegro, David Hanes, Ishita Maheshkumar Thanki

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are presented herein that support a privacy policy orchestrator within a multi-faceted virtual reality (VR)/augmented reality (AR) system. Such an orchestrator may serve as the single entity through which a user may select the specific biometric data from their VR and AR devices that they wish to share with such a system. From a user experience perspective, through the presented techniques a user may define their biometric privacy policy once, versus needing to separately manage individual policies on many different end devices, and thus establish customized control over their experiences in a plurality of multi-VR/AR systems.

Explain Fraud Detection Method And System Via Fraud Graph And Features Similarity Based Knn Few-Shot Example-Prompts, Yong Zhao, Can Liu, Shubham Agrawal, Chiranjeet Chetia

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure discloses the explain fraud detection method and system via fraud graph and features similarity based kNN few-shot example-prompts (EPs). In the present disclosure, a transaction is initiated by the transaction cards and the transaction data is received by a feature engineering module (203), which extracts meaningful information from the transaction data. The data extracted by the feature engineering module (203) is then received by the deployed module (300) that identifies whether the transaction is a fraudulent transaction, and according to the transaction fraud, example prompts (EPs) are generated. Said generated example prompts (EPs) are few-shot example prompts …

Dual Edge-Server Language Model Orchestration Framework For Low-Latency Response Generation And Passively Improved Stored Context, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

Conversational interfaces enable users to pose queries to and receive answers from a large language model (LLM). With server-hosted LLMs, there can be substantial latency between query completion and receiving a response due to network delays and server computation time. This disclosure describes the provision of a distilled smaller model on an edge device to reduce latency through on-device response generation on the edge device. Owing to its smaller scope and size, the responses from the model may not be as high quality as that obtained via an LLM. The query and the locally generated response are provided to a …

Artificial Reality Environment With Constrained Widget

Defensive Publications Series

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed to an artificial reality system that provides an artificial reality environment and a widget manager for a constrained widget. Implementations immerse a user in a three-dimensional artificial reality environment. The widget manager can display a two-dimensional widget with the artificial reality environment in response to input. The widget can be dynamically displayed in response to user head/gaze tracking or any other suitable user input. The widget can display information, such as system information, user information, messages, etc. The widget can be constrained to a limited set of functions. The constrained widget may consume …

The Application Of Zigbee Technology And Neural Network Algorithms In Street Light Control Systems

Defensive Publications Series

This paper introduces a street lamp control system based on zigbee technology and neural network algorithm. Street lamp control system consists of microcontrollers, sensors, displays, buttons, ZigBee, street lights. This paper mainly introduces the microcontroller as the core of the control street lamp, and uses various sensors and ZigBee to control the switch of the street lamp in different time, different weather and different road conditions to improve the energy saving of the street lamp. It also introduces how to use the neural network algorithm to realize the feasibility of the multi-function of the street lamp and the realization method. …

Universal Address Label, Kavita Gaitonde, Stephen Norum

Defensive Publications Series

The address information of a user as shared with and stored by friends, family, etc. can become outdated and inaccurate when the user changes their address. This disclosure describes techniques that utilizes immutable locators to share mutable address information with a set of users, with a built-in access control mechanism. Instead of sharing physical addresses, a user shares a semantic address that links to their address. Semantics of the address remain unaltered as the user changes their physical address. Other users that are part of an access control list specified by the user can use the semantic address to obtain …

Ebola Distribution Prediction

Defensive Publications Series

Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a severe, fatal illness for human whose average fatality rate is around 50%. The current outbreak in West Africa is the largest and most complex one since the Ebola virus was first discovered in 1976.

In this outbreak, the most severely affected countries are Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia (as figure 1 shows). On the other hand, these three countries lack the necessary health and treatment systems to fight against Ebola. Thus, in this paper we only consider these three countries as our research objects.

Temporary Isolation Of Devices Newly Added To A Network For Inspection, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques for transparent inspection of a new device that connects to a network prior to providing the device with full network access. A device that is newly connected to a network is temporarily and transparently isolated from the rest of the network. Traffic to and from the isolated device is redirected through an inspection service, which analyzes the traffic and security state of the device. Devices placed in the inspection VLAN are permitted to communicate with only the inspection service, and no two such devices are permitted to communicate with each other. All traffic from a device …

Secure Zero-Touch Access Control For Iot Devices, Sudha Katgeri, Ana Montenegro, Amanda L Holst, Ishita Maheshkumar Thanki, David Hanes

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are presented herein that allow Manufacturer Usage Description (MUD)-based access controls to be applied to an Internet of things (IoT) device before the device is powered on or before the device is connected to a network in some secure manner, thus addressing a weakness in existing IoT device security. Aspects of the presented techniques employ a secure radio-frequency identification (RFID) tag to protect against the actions of a bad actor (such as a bad actor replacing a legitimate RFID tag with a malicious tag or altering the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) content that is emitted by a tag) that …

Robust Access Point Building Classification In A Campus Network, Audrey Yazdanparast, Peiman Amini, Brian Hart, Ardalan Alizadeh, Ather Kanak, Nick Schnorr

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are presented herein that support a novel method through which received signal strength indication (RSSI) values and data from either a standards-based protocol (such as the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)) or a proprietary protocol may be used for access point (AP) building classification in, for example, a campus network environment. Aspects of the presented techniques employ a modularity maximization-based community detection approach to classify the APs that reside within a building as a community. Further aspects of the techniques leverage protocol data to merge a network and create leaf nodes (representing APs), allowing the techniques to distinguish nodes …

Thgnn: Temporal Heterophilic Graph Neural Network For Event-Based Graph, Yuchen Yan Visa, Yuzhong Chen Visa, Huiyuan Chen Visa, Xiaoting Li Visa, Mahashweta Das Visa

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure proposes techniques (e.g., a method and a system) for generating temporal heterophilic graph neural network (THGNN) for event-based graphs. All existing (temporal) GNNs typically follow temporal homophily assumption, while the real-world graphs are largely heterophilic. To solve this problem, the proposed disclosure first defines the graph heterophily based on edge heterophily and then develops a novel method/technique to automatically detect the homophily/heterophily weight of graph nodes that should be regarded as the focal node’s homophilic/heterophilic neighbours. Finally, a neighbourhood sampling based GNN is adopted. In this manner, the proposed disclosure defines heterophily for temporal graphs and proposes …

Automatic Motorized Adjustment Of Lens-Holding Assembly To Align A User’S Pupil And An Optical Lens, And Systems And Methods Of Use Thereof, Michael Pope, Simon Morris Shand Weiss, Timothy Pier, Robert Coleman Skelton

Defensive Publications Series

A method, apparatus, and system with an artificial-reality headset including a lens-holding assembly configured to hold a lens system for the artificial-reality headset is provided. The headset includes at least one sensor configured to determine a location of a user’s pupil relative to the lens system, an actuator coupled to the lens-holding assembly and configured to move the lens-holding assembly about an axis, and one or more processors. The one or more processors are configured to automatically, without human intervention, detect a triggering event, and, in response to only detecting the triggering event, determine whether the lens system is not …

Tokenization Of Commodity Receivable, Stuart Smith, Wanyun Gu, Mahdi Zamani, Akshay Kant, Mohammad Mohsen Minaei Bidgoli, Alessandro Leite

Defensive Publications Series

The present subject matter describes a method for tokenizing a commodity receivable based on a contract. Particularly, the present disclosure provides a method for tokenizing a commodity receivable based on a contract. The method comprises receiving, by a computing system, a request for a tokenized commodity receivable from a client device, where the commodity receivable is based on a contract for a future sale of the commodity. The method also comprises validating, by the computer system, ownership of the commodity to be tokenized based on credentials submitted by a presumed owner of the commodity, liquidity of the presumed owner, and …

2.5-Dimensional High Bandwidth Flexible Memory For High Performance Parallelism, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

The ratio of memory bandwidth to compute power (B/C ratio) of a compute die influences the performance of machine learning (ML) applications. The B/C ratio generally degrades with the size of the compute die, as compute power is proportional to the area of the compute die while bandwidth is proportional to the perimeter of the die. This disclosure describes techniques to increase the ratio of memory bandwidth to compute power within an integrated circuit by using tiling geometries that enable the attachment of a compute die to two or more memory dies and by enabling bidirectional workload flows within the …