Digital Commons Network^™

Auto-Spatializing Environments, Dongeek Shin, Nooshin Mojab

Defensive Publications Series

A three-dimensional (3D) experience, in the context of virtual or augmented reality, seeks to replicate the way humans perceive the real world. A true 3D experience typically involves a complete 3D model of the environment, where every object has defined geometry, texture, and position in space. However, creating these fully-realized 3D environments is resource-intensive, requiring significant computational power for real-time rendering and complex algorithms for asset creation. This can be a major bottleneck for applications that need to generate a wide variety of immersive backdrops quickly.

An alternative to the 3D experience is a "3D-like" experience, often referred to as …

Camera-Based Virtual Input, Weichung Chang

Defensive Publications Series

Conventional input methods for compact electronic devices, such as on-screen virtual keyboards, suffer from limitations including cramped layouts, a lack of tactile feedback, and unsuitability for touchless environments like augmented reality. These issues often lead to frequent typing errors and reduced usability for complex tasks. To address these and other challenges, a camera-based virtual input method is described. Using the camera of a device, images of a user's hand and finger movements may be captured as they tap on any surface or imitate typing in the air. A prediction model analyzes these movements, not as absolute positions, but as relative …

A System, Method, And Computer Program Product For Dynamically Adjusting Currencies Using Machine-Learning Models, Libby A. Kurien, Joshua Quiroz

Defensive Publications Series

This paper proposes a novel approach of using real time sentiment analysis based on retrieval augmented generation (RAG) for foreign exchange (forex) pricing. It argues that large language models (LLMs) can capture the semantic and emotional aspects of news articles and social media posts that affect the forex market dynamics. Traditional forex trading relies heavily on technical and fundamental analysis. However, the advent of big data and sophisticated text analysis techniques using LLMs have opened up new avenues for analyzing market sentiments in real time that can be extended to Forex. LLMs when used in combination with RAG, an architectural …

Managing Device States Based On Notification And User Context, Harshad Dhabu, Abhijit Adsule

Defensive Publications Series

Computing devices, such as wearable devices, may experience increased power consumption due to device wake-ups associated with high-priority notifications, and some notification management systems can offer limited granular control, for example, by muting notifications on a per-application basis. This disclosure describes a system for context-aware notification handling where alerts may be processed as silent by default. A decision-making engine can analyze a user's context, such as current activity and location, and a notification's context, including its content, sender, and origin application. By combining these factors, the system can determine whether to trigger a device wake-up for a notification that meets …

Container-Based Management Of Ephemeral Applications, Harshad Dhabu, Abhijit Adsule

Defensive Publications Series

The persistent installation of infrequently used applications on a computing device, such as a smartphone or wearable device, may consume storage and processing resources, and some management techniques may not fully address related issues like visual clutter in an application launcher. A method is described for managing applications through a container system that can facilitate on-demand, ephemeral execution. When a user launches an application, a system may dynamically provision an available version from a source, such as a remote application repository, and execute it within an isolated container. Upon session completion or following a period of inactivity, the system can …

Systems And Methods For Translating Mixed-Language Audio, Mithun Kumar S R

Defensive Publications Series

Some real-time speech translation systems are architected for monolingual input and can encounter challenges, such as transcription errors or increased latency, when processing code-switched speech. The disclosed method describes a system for real-time interpretation that can ingest a raw audio stream and utilize a dual-axis model to concurrently identify both a spoken word and its language of origin. This process can produce a token stream with associated language identifiers. A subsequent syntactic bridge module can analyze this mixed-language stream to generate a language-independent grammatical representation of the utterance's semantic content. This abstract structure may then be used to synthesize a …

Sequenced Vehicle Guidance For Traffic Congestion Mitigation, Gaurav Gupta

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes systems and methods for mitigating vehicular gridlock, which can occur when circular dependencies between vehicles contribute to a traffic standstill. A disclosed system may utilize a coordination engine, for example a cloud-based service, that can receive real-time location data from client devices (e.g., smartphones, in-vehicle infotainment systems, wearable devices) associated with vehicles. The engine can construct a digital representation of the gridlocked area, which may include a dependency graph modeling the physical blocking relationships between vehicles. A gridlock resolution algorithm may then analyze the dependency graph to compute a sequence of vehicle movements designed to help clear …

Anomaly Detection Agent Empowered By Quantum Ai And Machine Learning, Fuming Guo

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to an advanced anomaly detection system for high-volume log data that incorporates a dual-agent architecture consisting of a Detector Agent and an Evaluator Agent. The Detector Agent is configured to identify anomalies using hybrid quantum-classical processing techniques, including quantum-enhanced machine learning methods such as a Hamiltonian Quantum Generative Autoencoder and advanced transformer models. The Evaluator Agent critiques the outputs from the Detector Agent, providing continuous feedback for iterative improvement. This feedback loop allows for dynamic adjustments to enhance detection accuracy. Additionally, the system integrates with Splunk for real-time log data ingestion and employs a Large Language …

Automated Security Configuration For Bridges Used In Substations, Maik Guenter Seewald, Stien Vanderhallen, Marcus Smith

Defensive Publications Series

Cyber security for operational technology (OT) systems, such as electrical substations, is required by regulations and international standards covering critical infrastructure sectors (e.g., energy sector). Conventional techniques for security configuration in substation automation systems and networks rely on manual processes that fail to provide the agility and programmability needed in digital substations. To address the challenges associated with manual security configuration, the techniques presented herein provide a fully automated approach to configure network security controls for substation automation systems and networks using domain specific data models.

Thermal Spreader Materials On Flexible Polymer Substrates

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure is generally directed to techniques and materials for thermal spreader materials, such as for use in products and applications with flexible polymer-based substrates

Optical Circuit Switch With Ultra Low Return Loss, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

Optical circuit switch (OCS) collimator devices can be utilized in communication networks to transfer large amounts of data quickly and efficiently. The OCS collimator devices provide for low-return loss capabilities across a wide range of wavelengths. Specifically, the OCS collimator devices may have a faceted spacer-epoxy interface surface and a relatively close refractive index between the fiber, spacer, and epoxy such that return loss is greater than 55dB. The low return loss allows for the use of bidirectional ports without the creation of excessive noise signals that degrade communication performance therefore allowing for the operation of communication equipment that may …

Deferred Texture Decoding With Filtering, Seokhoon Kim, Eric Young, Elaine Poon

Defensive Publications Series

A method may include (1) performing, by an integrated circuit, decoding and filtering using a combined texture decoding and filtering equation and (2) providing, by the integrated circuit, a decoded filter output to a next stage in a graphics pipeline. Various other methods and systems are disclosed.

Network And Device Management Based On Commercial Mobile Alert System (Cmas) And Location Aware Solutions, Thirupathi Reddy Katam, Hari Pillai, Aumen Lee, Vignesh Rajendran

Defensive Publications Series

Proposed herein are techniques to facilitate secure, reliable communication and emergency management utilizing a software-defined wide area network (SDWAN) controller that can manage a wide area network upon detection of emergency events, such as earthquakes, floods, wildfires, severe weather conditions, etc. by one or more endpoints that can interface with a Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS) via wireless (e.g., 4G/5G) or wired networks.

Nanosensor Communication Via Localized Cnt Resonance And Central Controller Coordination, Suma Mallapragada, Vaishnavi Sankepally

Defensive Publications Series

A system and method are disclosed for delivering information from a central controller to nanoscale sensors embedded within plant tissues and receiving information back from these sensors. The approach uses localized nanoparticles to encode binary or discrete signals, enabling remote monitoring and control of plant-associated nanoscale devices. The method preserves selective targeting of individual sensors without relying on long-range electromagnetic propagation, diffusion across large distances, or microcontrollers attached to each nanosensor. The disclosed methods cover the flow of information between the controller and nanosensors, while specific designs of proboscis-inspired delivery mechanisms or controller hardware remain open for further innovation. This …

Cognitive Fatigue Detection System For Critical Operational Environments, Giannis Tziakouris, Nadhem J Al-Fardan

Defensive Publications Series

In high-stakes operational environments that involve different network operations/management teams, such as security operations centers (SOCs), network operations centers (NOCs), and Incident Response (IR) teams, sustained vigilance and cognitive clarity are critical. Fatigue and cognitive overload can significantly compromise situational awareness, delay threat detection, and can lead to the dismissal of legitimate alerts or the mis-prioritization of critical response actions. To address such issues, a comprehensive system and method are proposed herein that provide for detecting operator fatigue in mission-critical environments by leveraging the fusion of cognitive load analytics with real-time behavioral telemetry. The proposed system integrates biometric monitoring, such …

Novel Rf Transparent Thermally Conductive Stretchable Material

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure generally relates to stretchable materials, and more particularly, to a novel radiofrequency (RF) transparent, thermally conductive and stretchable material

Roof And Camera Integration, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

Modern vehicles are equipped with many cameras, which can be integrated into various systems to enable vehicle features. Some of these vehicle features can be offered to consumers as paid services.

Monitoring the roof rack area is a new function for camera suite-based offerings. Traditionally, items stolen from roof racks have been a significant concern, particularly for valuable gear like bikes, kayaks, and camping equipment. Although the risk is generally lower than theft from a vehicle's interior, roof racks can still be targeted by thieves, especially in remote areas or when the vehicle is left unattended for extended periods. It …

Url Expansion With Domain Ownership Limitations, Wuyuan Li, Niraj Kumar, Krishna Tatavarthi

Defensive Publications Series

The technology herein relates to identifying uniform resource locators (“URLs”) that are eligible for expansion. URLs that are eligible for expansion are URLs that are likely to be relevant to the advertiser such that the recall and performance of served advertisements is increased while undesirable expansions, e.g., expansions to unrelated or irrelevant URLs, is decreased. URLs that are eligible for expansion are URLs that are associated with a non-hosted domain, URLs that are associated with a domain owned by the advertiser, or sitechunked reference URLs. The URLs identified as being eligible for expansion are then expanded upon, such that they …

Platform Validation Framework Sequence Diagram Conformance, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a framework for clearly demonstrating that an SDK provider and Solution Clients in a distributed system conform to spec via exacting documentation utilizing sequence diagrams. The framework ensures that sequence diagrams which are shared with Solution Clients can be validated independent of release schedules.

Dual Radio Headset, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

When a user using a Bluetooth Headset (call/music) and moves away from the Bluetooth Host, he experiences the audio becoming choppy or completely lost depending upon the various factors which culminates into Bluetooth range/coverage. Some headsets can operate up to 100 feet/ 30 m from the host by switching from class 2 to class 1 operation (based on proximity to the host) this helps to optimize the battery life.

Vision Ai-Based Audio Transcription Enhancement, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

This article describes an AI-based enhancement for audio transcription that utilizes video data to improve accuracy and context during conference calls. By analyzing participant gestures, facial expressions, and non-verbal actions, the technology aims to create a more engaging communication experience for both in-person and remote participants with an enhanced audio transcription that captures deeper levels of communication and a detailed collaboration context in a meeting.

System For Generating Immersive Experiences Via An Ai Pipeline And Sensory Protocol, Gaurav Umeshkumar Gupta

Defensive Publications Series

Current virtual reality (VR) content creation is complex, and the resulting sensory feedback from haptic devices relies on proprietary, pre-programmed effects. This limits the availability of personalized, deeply immersive experiences and creates a fragmented hardware ecosystem. The disclosed technology describes a method for generating multi-sensory VR experiences from user prompts. It uses an artificial intelligence pipeline to generate a narrative, visual assets, and a corresponding synchronized sensory track. A key component is an open communication protocol that enables standardized communication between any VR content and various haptic hardware devices. This approach facilitates the on-demand creation of cohesive and immersive experiences, …

Interactive Intelligent Agent For Gaming Assistance, Christopher James Tegethoff

Defensive Publications Series

This document describes techniques that enable a computing device (e.g., a personal computer, laptop, smartphone, smart watch, server system, etc.) to provide assistance and/or companionship to a player of a game application using an intelligent software agent (e.g., artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning model, etc.). Gaming environments may present challenges such as difficult learning curves, slow progression, complicated/unintuitive mechanics, and/or hostile social interactions. The intelligent agent may mitigate these challenges by acquiring game knowledge (e.g., via observing and learning from the player, “playing” the game on its own, training on tutorials and/or other instructional material, etc.) and offering in-game guidance …

Correlating Cross-Service Behavioral Signals To Identify Coordinated Inauthentic Activity, Mithun Kumar S R

Defensive Publications Series

Some systems for detecting fraudulent user-generated content (UGC) can be siloed and reactive, analyzing individual pieces of content or account metrics in isolation, which may leave them susceptible to coordinated campaigns spanning multiple services. A system and method are described that can construct a unified cross-service behavioral graph to address such challenges. This graph can ingest and correlate metadata from user activities across disparate services, for example, productivity, payment, and communication platforms, to identify precursor signals that may be indicative of fraudulent intent. By analyzing patterns such as co-reviewing, temporal pulsing, and suspicious cross-service coordination (e.g., template creation), the system …

Battery Enclosure Panel And Associated Means Of Manufacture, Thomas J. Beck, Rahul Vilas Kulkarni, Xavier Varone

Defensive Publications Series

A battery enclosure panel may include a formable inner sheet having a generally planar outer surface and at least one recessed portion formed in the generally planar outer surface that defines a receiving area for a fire suppressant material, and an outer sheet at least partially joined to the generally planar outer surface of the inner formable sheet.

Automated Self-Improving And User-Responsive Video Chapter Generation Using Generative Artificial Intelligence, Ilia Labzovsky, Danny Karmon

Defensive Publications Series

Traditional video segmentation methods that offer limited granularity, static chapter structures. Such solutions lack deep semantic understanding and do not incorporate user interaction data for video segmentation, leading to inefficient information discovery and a poor user experience. This disclosure describes the use of generative artificial intelligence (genAI) to automatically create and dynamically refine smart chapters for long-form videos. These chapters are rich in detail, including titles, summaries, key concepts, and preview clips. With user permission, user interaction data can be used to dynamically adapt the chapter structure for individual viewers or the overall population. The techniques transform static videos into …

Efficient Photo Compression And Reconstruction Using Generative Artificial Intelligence, Amir Kamali, Hossein Talebi, Prachi Panpalia, Nick Torres

Defensive Publications Series

Storing high-resolution digital photos and video requires substantial storage space on a user device and/or a cloud-based image library. This disclosure describes the use of generative artificial intelligence to achieve storage savings via image downscaling with little or no perceptible impact. With user permission, a customized model such as a LoRA patch is trained based on images in the user’s library. Images in the library are stored as downscaled versions. When the user requires a high-resolution version, a generative artificial intelligence model, optionally with the customized LoRA patch, is used to generate the target resolution version from the downscaled image. …

Augmenting Photo Reminiscing Experiences With Llm-Generated Narrations, Ji Hun Kim, Abdulrahman Khan, Tommy Meaney, Tim Zhu, Zhou Zhou

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques that leverage a large language model (LLM) to generate custom narrations when arranging sets of photos in the form of a visual experience for users to reminisce on thereby personalizing and adding depth to the reminiscing experience. Per the techniques, a set of photos from a user’s photo library to be featured in a visual experience is identified. Photo pixels, metadata, and other relevant data are used to populate a prompt that is to an LLM. The response from the LLM is parsed and associated with photos to be featured in the visual experience. The LLM-generated …

User Intent-Conditioned Image Captioning Using Llm For Generating Personalized Photo Descriptions, D Shin

Defensive Publications Series

Image captioning models can receive an image as input and generate captions that describe objects, scenes, and other visual aspects in the image. However, such models are not personalized to a user and lack the ability to generate captions that are tailored to specific user intent or contexts. This disclosure describes techniques to generate personalized image captions using a large language model (LLM). With user permission, user intent data such as context, preferences, notes, or tags from users (e.g., that are stored in association with user images) are used as input to a LLM to refine image captions generated by …

System And Method For Thermochromic Indicator Payment Card, Mohit Koul, Rohit Mukherjee

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure related to a system and method for thermochromic indicator payment card. The system and method more specifically implements thermochromic technique. The payment card is embedded with thermochromic material that can change colour in response to temperature fluctuation, providing a passive and dynamic visual indicator for transaction verification and security alerts. Further, the present disclosure enables real time transaction awareness and fraud detection without relying on electronic alerts and external power sources.