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Articles 121 - 150 of 169
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Towards Translation Design A New Paradigm For Design Research, Giovanni Baule
Towards Translation Design A New Paradigm For Design Research, Giovanni Baule
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In this paper we explore the concept of translation, starting from the assumption that it constitutes an essential reference for design culture. We assume that a designer (and in particular a communication designer) is a “translator”, since he realises a continuous process of mediation, transfer and re-transcription between the systems of departure and arrival. This perspective leads us to suppose that the application of the “translational paradigm” within the design domain can generate new design sensitivities and new research opportunities into language and into the processes of transferral between different supports and media. We believe that design has specific affinities …
From Nano To Macro: Material Inspiration Within Ubiquitous Computing Research, Isabel Paiva
From Nano To Macro: Material Inspiration Within Ubiquitous Computing Research, Isabel Paiva
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Technological disruption grants continuous inspiration for design innovation. In particular, current paper focuses on the emergent interaction between the fields of ubiquitous computing (U.C.) and design. The interdisciplinary character of U.C. research requires knowledge from art, design, and architecture (A.D.A.) and as such, presents opportunity for cross-fertilization and future design. Within U.C., the inquiry labelled as material turn frames a particular dialogue between nanotechnology and traditional materials. Nanotechnology opened new material avenues and has impacted methodologies of design and drives the discussion throughout this paper. In addition, the way these new technologies might address human centred design approach are considered. …
Design Tools For Enhanced New Product Development In Low Income Economies, Timothy Whitehead, Mark Evans, Guy Bingham
Design Tools For Enhanced New Product Development In Low Income Economies, Timothy Whitehead, Mark Evans, Guy Bingham
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In order to alleviate poverty throughout the World government and non‐ government organisations provide aid in the form of essential household products. These products typically include cook stoves, water filters and LED lights. However, evidence suggests that these products are not always suitable for Low Income Economies (LIEs) which has resulted in a number of high profile product failures. In response to the growing need for appropriate New Product Development (NPD), this paper presents the development of a tool to assist industrial designers create appropriate and long lasting solutions for those in poverty. Data was collected from the analysis of …
Measuring Product Design Preferences With An Affective Stimulus-Response Compatibility Task, Katrina L. Schoen, Nathan Crilly
Measuring Product Design Preferences With An Affective Stimulus-Response Compatibility Task, Katrina L. Schoen, Nathan Crilly
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Researchers often use interviews and questionnaires to measure consumer response to product designs. This practice continues despite the inherent limitations of these “explicit” self-report methods. “Implicit” reaction time tests have been developed in an attempt to overcome self-report biases and to obtain a more automatic measure of attitudes. These implicit methods are often applied to study addictive or phobic responses to stimuli such as drugs or spiders. They have also been used to measure consumers’ brand attitudes. To determine whether implicit testing methods can be used to provide a measure of consumer preferences for product designs, we conducted an implicit …
Design Prospects: Investigating Design Fiction Via A Rogue Urban Drone, Andrew Morrison
Design Prospects: Investigating Design Fiction Via A Rogue Urban Drone, Andrew Morrison
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Design fiction is garnering attention as a mode of inquiry on the prospective in design practice and inquiry. This paper addresses design fiction as a potential area for design research to explore communicatively. The paper does so through a performative essayistic research text. Presented are extracts from an online visual-verbal hypernarrative and expository research writing. The performative exploration includes views from the persona of a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or drone policing a near future city. Her perspectives are prospective. However, the urban ‘drone-gone-rogue’ is crafted as a design fictional rhetorical device to comment on topical issues in the hereand- …
What Can Urbanism Be? Problematizing The Design Of Cities, Aseem Inam
What Can Urbanism Be? Problematizing The Design Of Cities, Aseem Inam
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In this paper, I highlight a number of different ways of defining and describing the field conventionally known as urban design, which I problematize by broadening, deepening, and calling urbanism and which I re-define as city-design-and-building processes and their spatial products. These ways include morphological definitions, as a default focus, as the keeper of the public realm, through lists of categories, as a map of bodies of knowledge, as a field of research, as different modes of practice, via models for understanding and making cities, and practical “how-to” approaches such as best practices. I describe and critique each of these …
Agency, Context And Meaning: The Humanities And Design, Mads Nygaard Folkmann
Agency, Context And Meaning: The Humanities And Design, Mads Nygaard Folkmann
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The paper is a meta-discursive contribution to the discussion of how design can be understood as a medium of meaning formation and the questioning of meaning. Further, the paper makes a plea for the role of the humanities in formulating relevant questions in design through a conceptualization of the nature and scope of design. Three fundamental approaches to understanding design from the perspective of the humanities will be proposed: 1) The question of agency in design, i.e. what the role and agency of design can be conceived as in human life, which can be addressed in the historical perspective of …
Designing Affiliative Objects: Investigating The Affiliations Of Medical Identification Jewellery, Alexandra Haagaard, William Leeming
Designing Affiliative Objects: Investigating The Affiliations Of Medical Identification Jewellery, Alexandra Haagaard, William Leeming
DRS Biennial Conference Series
affiliation of medical identification jewellery with paramedics as the central user group. In doing so, we use Suchman’s notion of the affiliative object to reframe medical identification jewellery as a compound epistemic object with affiliations to paramedics in the province of Ontario, Canada. The paper begins by providing background including the methods used to assess the use of medical identification jewellery. There follows a section on how the findings from fieldwork were used to develop a first iteration of design recommendations. A compliancy table then appends discussion of key findings and design recommendations. Three design concepts were found to be …
Verbalising The Silent? Professionals’ Framing Of Implicit In Packaging Design, Toni Ryynänen, Visa Heinonen
Verbalising The Silent? Professionals’ Framing Of Implicit In Packaging Design, Toni Ryynänen, Visa Heinonen
DRS Biennial Conference Series
The idea for this article was noticed by the authors during analysis of interview materials collected from 14 professionals working with packaging. The professionals frequently touched themes of creative and implicit activities needed to accomplish design projects. The purpose of this article is to open up discussion about implicit elements in packaging design expressed in verbal form. Drawing on discussions about tacit knowledge (Polanyi, 1974; 2009), reflective practice and practitioner (Schön, 1983; 1995), wicked problems (Rittel & Webber, 1973), and designerly ways of knowing (Cross, 2006) the phenomenon of implicit elements in packaging design is examined. The materials are approached …
Design As Rhetoric In The Discourse Of Resonance, Veronika Kelly
Design As Rhetoric In The Discourse Of Resonance, Veronika Kelly
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Design that is effective by way of having an influence and impact on a human subject’s belief, behaviour, or action is a key concern of designers in the field of visual communications. Because of these aspects, one discourse that has grown in scholarly circles over recent decades is that design is a form of rhetoric. Nonetheless, the way that rhetoric has been applied to design practice itself – as a means of analysing the communicative function of designed artefacts and to posit propositions for practice – has remained largely theoretical. The purpose of this paper is to extend an understanding …
Tools For Effective Communication About Technologies Of Domestic Ubiquitous Computing Systems In User-Centered Design, Wonjun Wonjun, Yeoreum Lee, Jong-Bum Woo, Jinmin Seok, Ingeon Shin, Youn-Kyung Lim
Tools For Effective Communication About Technologies Of Domestic Ubiquitous Computing Systems In User-Centered Design, Wonjun Wonjun, Yeoreum Lee, Jong-Bum Woo, Jinmin Seok, Ingeon Shin, Youn-Kyung Lim
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In the early stages of designing domestic, ubiquitous computing applications, gaining users’ descriptions of how new technologies can shape their futures can be an effective way to collect credible design ideas and to understand users’ personal values and social settings. We present two kinds of tools for empowering users to verbalize their own needs with metaphoric expressions of technologies, 5Senses Cards and Technology Type cards. Those tools are suggested as aids for the user inquiries in the field aimed at needs identification. We tested those tools in 6 homes and found empirical evidences which suggest that 5Senses Cards could encourage …
The Use Of Grounded Theory In User Experience Based Design Research: A Study On "Automobile Modification" In Turkey, Selen Devrim Ülkebaş
The Use Of Grounded Theory In User Experience Based Design Research: A Study On "Automobile Modification" In Turkey, Selen Devrim Ülkebaş
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In today’s so called post-industrial societies, increasing influence of the symbolic use of object overwhelmingly dominates the relationship between human and object. As objects have become an important part of individual’s social and psychological world, qualitative research approaches aiming to gather a deep understanding of human behavior and experiences have gained importance not only in the disciplines of social sciences but also in design related disciplines. Grounded Theory is one of the qualitative research approaches aiming to discover and uncover the experiences and interactions of people "grounded" in everyday life practices and generate theories regarding social phenomena. Although Grounded theory …
Designed Research: Publishing Designs As Scholarship, Cheryl E. Ball
Designed Research: Publishing Designs As Scholarship, Cheryl E. Ball
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Scholarly publications are a primary means for researchers in any field to foster and support a shared discourse. As design researchers debate what forms their scholarship might take, this author suggests looking to examples from other, transdisciplinary academic fields that have long traditions in publishing designed research, or scholarship that enacts its argument through design. The author offers cases of several online journals in the sciences, arts, and humanities that publish designed research of various types, including one example from digital writing studies, which shares design researchers’ interests in collaborative, processbased, rhetorical practices. By considering alternative modes of publishing design …
Designers Coping With Culture In An Educational Setting, Annemiek Van Boeijen, Pieter Jan Stappers
Designers Coping With Culture In An Educational Setting, Annemiek Van Boeijen, Pieter Jan Stappers
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper presents the results of a qualitative study about how design students cope with culture in the i-do (international design opportunity) series of international design workshops in Hong Kong. We wanted to learn three things. (1) To what extent do the design students from different nations share common cultural values? (2) what difficulties do design students encounter in this type of workshops, and what techniques and strategies do they use to cope with (cultural) barriers? and (3) what opportunities (personal benefits) do they identify to attend this type of workshop? The results and conclusions are based on experiences of …
How Can Feminism Contribute To Design? A Framework For A Feminist Design Research And Practice, Sandra Buchmüller
How Can Feminism Contribute To Design? A Framework For A Feminist Design Research And Practice, Sandra Buchmüller
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In this paper, I present a framework for a feminist design research and practice. It aims to guide design decisions from information, ideation to evaluation from a feminist point of view. It tries to facilitate the selection of appropriate approaches and methods in each phase with regard to feminist demands and requirements to support a feminist design on a methodological, practical and evaluative level. The framework integrates different gender theories whose perspectives correspond to main phases and focuses that can be regarded as mandatory for human centered design. The framework integrates the feminist standpoint theory, the theory of gender performativity …
Design Process In Retrieving The Local Wisdom And Communal Identity: A Case Study Of Bangchaocha’S Bamboo Basketry Crafts, Woranooch Chuenrudeemol, Nanthana Boonlaor, Apirom Kongkanan
Design Process In Retrieving The Local Wisdom And Communal Identity: A Case Study Of Bangchaocha’S Bamboo Basketry Crafts, Woranooch Chuenrudeemol, Nanthana Boonlaor, Apirom Kongkanan
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This study aims to develop a method of retrieving indigenous knowledge, cultural identity, and artistic quality in local craft through design activities. Taking bamboo basketry product as the case study, this research selected Bangchaocha, a sub-district in Ang Thong province, as a representative of Thailand’s rich culture and established crafts village. The community has recently encountered a problem seen in many craft communities throughout Asia – one that sees the loss of their traditional craft identity due to foreign traders placing large orders for generic products that showcase neither indigenous craft knowledge nor traditional craftsmanship. This study aims to show …
The Aesthetics In Design And Cultural Studies, Theresa Lobo
The Aesthetics In Design And Cultural Studies, Theresa Lobo
DRS Biennial Conference Series
While industrial designers have traditionally advocated aesthetics in their work, with evocative forms and materials, recent advances in design philosophy about “user experience” suggest a deeper analysis. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to explore beauty as an experiential aesthetic value, dependent upon user-product interactions. The goal is to offer designers a valuable tool: a systematic, extensible model for describing beauty for design, with powerful insights drawn from other disciplines, including psychology, philosophy, computer science, and architecture. This paper strives to understand the concept of beauty as a value of human-product grounded in daily experience. Beauty is typically associated …
Designing For The Other, Jane Osmond, Elaine Mackie
Designing For The Other, Jane Osmond, Elaine Mackie
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper discusses a pilot study into whether the introduction of the concept of the ‘Other’ (after Said 1991) is useful in broadening the conceptual understanding and empathy of first year industrial design students and thus move them away from a position of an ‘I methodology’ of design. The concept was introduced via a lecture delivered to Coventry University students and impact was measured by the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis 1980). A research group (who received the lecture) and a control group (who did not) completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) over a three-week period. Students were also tasked with …
Ethics And Social Responsibility: Integration Within Industrial Design Education In Oceania, Mariano Ramirez
Ethics And Social Responsibility: Integration Within Industrial Design Education In Oceania, Mariano Ramirez
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Industrial design schools have typically functioned as training grounds in which future designers are skilled into becoming proficient creators of more ‘stuff’, many of which prove to be unnecessary and unsustainable. Several research publications examine the integration of sustainability in industrial design education, but most of these focus on ecological aspects, especially because environmental improvement has been the focus of government policymaking and product innovation in the last two decades or so. The social pillar of sustainability has received less attention; in fact there is no accepted definition in the design industry about what constitutes this area. This research investigates …
Design Research: Towards A History, Victor Margolin
Design Research: Towards A History, Victor Margolin
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Various starting points might be selected for the origin of design research but this paper will begin with the design methods movement in Great Britain. Two of the leading figures in the movement were Bruce Archer and John Chris Jones. The original conference on design methods was held in London in 1962 and Jones published the first edition of Design Methods: Seeds of Human Futures in 1970. Archer was involved with the establishment of the Industrial Design Research Unit at the RCA in the early 1960s and was also a founder of the Design Research Society in 1976. The DRS …
Dis/Ability Teaches Design!, Tom Bieling
Dis/Ability Teaches Design!, Tom Bieling
DRS Biennial Conference Series
In our paper, we claim that general human and artificial communication systems might be enriched by acknowledging and adding specifics of different ways of communication, perception and locomotion that refer to bodily impairment (Bieling, 2009). Schillmeier (2009, 79ff) sees disability less as an effect of bodily impairment, but more as a phenomenon of social construction. Oriented towards Science, Technology and Society Studies (STS) he conceptualizes disability as a “heterogenic, material event”, which connects “social and non-social relations of human and non-human actors, of things, bodies, technologies, sensorical pratices” and becomes able to be experienced in the sense of disabling as …
Speculative Visualization: A New Rhetoric For Communicating Public Concerns, Tanyoung Kim, Carl Disalvo
Speculative Visualization: A New Rhetoric For Communicating Public Concerns, Tanyoung Kim, Carl Disalvo
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Speculative design is an emerging rhetorical strategy in design practices and research to raise public awareness in social agendas that have been little explored. As a stream of this type of research, we propose speculative visualization that aims to achieve speculative design by utilizing techniques from data visualization and graphic design. Specifically, speculative visualization represents socially and politically meaningful data in aesthetic ways to provoke viewers’ interpretation and further elicit discussions. In this paper, we report the diverse approaches of speculative visualization by demonstrating three exemplary studies and identifying their visual rhetoric. Based on the argument, we discuss research opportunities …
Design Research And The Complexity Encountered In People’S Critical Thoughts, Yong-Ki Lee, Kun-Pyo Lee
Design Research And The Complexity Encountered In People’S Critical Thoughts, Yong-Ki Lee, Kun-Pyo Lee
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This study focuses on the concept of “Critical Design”, which describes the development and use of design objects for the discussion of social and technological problem areas. “Critical Design” provokes or puzzles the consumer. Instead of offering people merely optimized and constraint action patterns, open situations and questions are created. The arising reactions provide valuable insights for innovative product development and basic design research. This paper assesses the potential of “Critical Design” approaches to be utilized as novel research tools for future challenges to design. The main contributions of this paper are threefold. Firstly, it reviews various ways of user …
Designing Contemporary China: National Design Identity At The Crossroads, Wendy Siuyi Wong
Designing Contemporary China: National Design Identity At The Crossroads, Wendy Siuyi Wong
DRS Biennial Conference Series
China is an ancient civilization rapidly developing in a globalized post-modern context. The country now finds itself at a crossroads, with outside ideologies and forces of “Americanization” and “Westernization” competing against its cultural heritage and communist economic system to form a national design identity for contemporary China. This paper uses the rise of modern design in China, design examples from Hong Kong and Taiwan, the 2008 Beijing Olympics opening ceremony, and Victoria & Albert Museum’s China Design Now exhibit to investigate questions of national identity as they pertain to design. It argues that, with the whole world watching China’s rise …
Cultural Appropriation In Design And ‘The Cipher’, Burcu Yancatarol Yagiz
Cultural Appropriation In Design And ‘The Cipher’, Burcu Yancatarol Yagiz
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Dynamics of globalization redefine objects as agents of cultural exchange in various everyday contexts. Design activity constitutes a significant channel of cultural exchange because it presents objects to a system of social interactions that does not require geographical proximity of cultures. Design’s conceiving a cultural element in a product, thus starting the process of commoditization involves practices of cultural appropriation. Appropriation of cultural elements from their local contexts to be designed or re-designed translates the element’s cultural value into an exchange value that presents ‘negotiated decodings’ (Rogers, 2006) of the ‘different other’. Through design channels, ‘the cipher’ (Ono and Buescher, …
Modélisation Sémiotique Et Systémique De L’Objet Design Comme Signe-Action Complexe, Sarah Belkhamsa, Bernard Darras
Modélisation Sémiotique Et Systémique De L’Objet Design Comme Signe-Action Complexe, Sarah Belkhamsa, Bernard Darras
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Les approches sémiotiques et systémiques du design produit sont à la fois peu nombreuses et peu coordonnées. C’est ce que fait apparaitre l’état de la recherche en ce domaine. Les quelques études sémiotiques disponibles ont par ailleurs tendance à isoler l’objet de ses usages, de ses utilisateurs et de la complexité du système d’objets qui constitue son environnement proche ou des modes et styles de vie qui constituent ses univers. En conséquence, l’objet analysé est le plus souvent réduit à une image figée de lui-même. Seules les études qui relèvent de la sémiotique pragmatique veillent à inscrire l’objet dans l’action, …
Designing For Cultural Diversity: Participatory Design, Immigrant Women And Shared Creativity, Naureen Mumtaz
Designing For Cultural Diversity: Participatory Design, Immigrant Women And Shared Creativity, Naureen Mumtaz
DRS Biennial Conference Series
Immigration and multiculturalism are realities of the globalized world that has given rise to subcultures, which possess specialized knowledge. This increasing interaction among people from diverse cultures has produced a complex ethno-cultural mosaic that presents formidable challenges for visual communication designers’ as well as for other designers. Cultural diversity of designers and audience of messages in a design scenario brings complexity in the design research process. This research study explores an effective visual communication language, through the medium of the poster, for culturally diverse audience of immigrant women in Edmonton, Canada. The decision was informed by triangulated results from a …
A Colour Design Tool Based On Empirical Studies, Li-Chen Ou, Ming Ronnier Luo, Guihua Cui
A Colour Design Tool Based On Empirical Studies, Li-Chen Ou, Ming Ronnier Luo, Guihua Cui
DRS Biennial Conference Series
A colour design tool targeted at both unskilled consumers and professional designers is currently under development, on the basis of psychophysical studies into semantic associations of colour, the cultural influences and colour harmony. From experimental results for single-colour associations, 3 underlying factors were identified: 'warm-cool', 'heavy-light' and 'active-passive', which were found to agree well with those identified by earlier research. For colour-combination associations, an 'additive property' of colour association was discovered: the semantic score of a colour combination can be determined by averaging semantic scores of each constituent colour in that combination. According to the experimental results, there were 4 …
What Can Talk Tell Us About Design? Considering Practice Through Symbolic Interactionism And Conversation Analysis, Arlene Oak
DRS Biennial Conference Series
How can scholars conduct rigorous research into the social activities that help constitute design practice? This paper considers this question through exploring how the interactive aspects of design may be fruitfully examined from the perspective of social psychology, especially through the approaches and methods of Symbolic Interactionism (SI) and Conversation Analysis (CA). The social activities of design refer to those situations wherein design is conducted in relation to face-to-face talk, or conversation. Since many aspects of design involve discussion, this paper argues that an SI-informed CA can offer an effective approach that may help us to better understand how communication …
The Return Of The Beehives, Brylcreem And Botanical! An Historical Review Of Hair Care Practices With A View To Opportunities For Sustainable Design, Sabine Hielscher, Tom Fisher, Tim Cooper
The Return Of The Beehives, Brylcreem And Botanical! An Historical Review Of Hair Care Practices With A View To Opportunities For Sustainable Design, Sabine Hielscher, Tom Fisher, Tim Cooper
DRS Biennial Conference Series
This paper considers hair care as a network of activities and routines which have consequences for environmental sustainability and which may be modified by design. It proposes that together with cultural knowledge, embodied skill and objects, these activities can be thought of as ‘practices' that are reproduced and also change through time (Shove 2006). They consume resources and are therefore implicated in the issue of environmental sustainability. The paper draws on research into hair care practices conducted through in-depth interviews with female participants, as part of the first author's PhD study. The discussion here however centres on historical work and …